三级词汇
1. abide by(=be faithful to；
obey)忠于；遵守。
2. be absent from…。 缺席，
不在
3. absence or mind(=being
absent-minded) 心不在焉
4. absorb(=take up the
attention of)吸引…的注意力(被
动语态)be absorbed in 全神贯
注于…近be engrossed in；be
lost in；be rapt in ；be
concentrated on；be focused
on；be centered on
5. (be) abundant in(be rich in；
be well supplied with) 富于，
富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词)
能接近，进入，了解
7. by accident(=by chance，
accidentally)偶然地，意外。
Without accident(=safely) 安
全地，
8. of one's own
accord(=without being asked；
willingly；freely)自愿地 ，主动
地
9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据 12. on one's own account：1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益；2) (=at one's own risk) 自行负责；3) (=by oneself)依靠自己：on account 赊账；on account of 因为；on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明。 16. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。 17. on no account(=in no - 1 - case，for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with；blame sb. for sth.；blame sth. on sb.；complain about) 指控，控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of，be used to)习惯于。 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解； (=to have met socially ) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行，按照…行动； act as 扮演； act for 代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之 25. in addition to(=as well as，besides，other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by，
conform to，comply with，
cling to，insist on，pe rsist in，
observe，opinion，belief ) 粘
附；坚持，遵循
27. adjacent(=next to， close
to) 毗邻的， 临近的
28. adjust……(to) (=change
slightly)调节； 适应；
29. admit of (=be capable of，
leave room for) …的可能，留
有…的余地。
30. in advance (before in time)
预告，事先。
31. to advantage 有利的，使优
点更加突出地。
32. have an advantage over胜
过。have the advantage of 由
于…处于有利条件 have the
advantage of sb.知道某人所不
知道的事
33. take advantage of (=make
the best of，utilize，make use
of，profit from，harness)利用。
34. agree with 赞同(某人意见)
agree to 同意
35. in agreement (with) 同意，
一致 36. ahead of 在…之前，超过…；ahead of time 提前。 37. in the air：1)不肯定，不具体；2)在谣传中。 38. above all (=especially，most important of all) 尤其是，最重要的。 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything， altogether) 总共，总计 40. after all 毕竟，到底；(not) at all一点也不；all at once(=suddenly)突然；once and for all 只此一次；above all 最重要的；first of all 首先；all in all 大体上说；be all in 累极了；all but 几乎。 41. allow for (=take into consideration， take into account) 考虑到， 估计到 . 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for， be liable for， take charge for) 对…负- 2 - 责。 44. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。 45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安； 或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁。 appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请；apply for申请； apply to 适用。 49. apply to 与…有关；适用 50. approve of (=consent to， be in favor of， favor， agree to， consider good， right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准 51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起。 52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 53. arrive on 到达； arrive at 到达某地(小地方)；得出，作出； arrive in 到达某地(大地方)； 54. be ashamed of (=feel
shame， guilt or sorrow
because of sth. done) 以… 为
羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to
cause to believe or trust in
sth.) 向…保证， 使…确信。
56. attach(to) (=to fix， fasten；
join) 缚， 系 ，结
57. make an attempt at doing
sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one's
attention， care and thought)
注意，照顾；attend
on(upon)(=wait upon， serve，
look after) 侍候，照料
59. attitude to toward …对…的
态度。看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe
sth. to be the result of…)
把……归因于……，认为…是…
的结果
61. on the average (=on
average， on an average) 平
均
62. (be) aware of (=be
conscious of ， having
knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。 63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面 64. in the back of 在…后部(里面)；on the back of 在…后部(外面)；be on one's back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。 65. at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护； have sb. at one 's back 有…支持， 有…作后台 66. turn one's back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃 67. behind one's back 背着某人(说坏话) 68. be based on upon 基于 69. on the basis of 根据…， 在…基础上 70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢 71. begin with 以…开始。 to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语) - 3 - 72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义 73. believe in(=have faith or trust in； consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。 74. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。 75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处) 76. for the better 好转 77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。 78. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时； give birth to 出生 79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上 80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 81. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机 82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘 83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words
as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地，不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事。
88. be busy with sth.于某事 .
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二。
90. but for (=without) 要不是。
表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多
少钱买
92. be capable of 能够， 有能
力 be capable of being +过去
分词是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or
money， at any rate， at any
price， at any cost ，
whatever happens； anyhow)
无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万
一；
95. in case of (=in the event of)
如果发生…万一 in the case of
至于…， 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都
不(放句首倒装句) 97. be cautious of 谨防 98. center one's attention on(=focus one's attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。 100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地 101. by chance(=accidentally， by accident)偶然 102. for a change换换环境(花样等) 103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管 105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾) 106. charge…for 因…索取(费用) ， charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有… 107. round the clock(=all day and all night， usually without - 4 - stopping) 昼夜不停地 108. comment on 评论 109. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱； commit one's idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来； commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论 110. in common (和…)有共同之处，共用。 be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的 111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好。 112. compare…with … 把…与…比较 113. compare…to… 把…比作… 114. by comparison 比较起来 115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来 116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿， 赔偿，弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿，弥补
117. complain of (or about)抱
怨；诉苦；控告；complain about
抱怨某人或事情； complain to
sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人
抱怨…； complain (抱怨)；
complement (补充)；
compliment (恭维)
118. comply with (=act in
accordance with a demand，
order， rule etc.) 遵守， 依从
119. conceive of (think of，
imagine， consider) 想象，设
想
120. concentrate on (or upon)
集中，专心
121. be concerned with
(=about) 与…有关
122. concern oneself about
with 关心
123. in conclusion(=as the
last thing)最后一点； at the
conclusion of 当…结束时；
124. condemn sb. to 判决
125. on condition that (=if)
以…为条件， 假如。 in that =
because因为； now that =
since既然 for all that = although 尽管 126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 127. confess(to)(=admit a fault， crime， or sth. wrong)承认， 供认； confess to a crime 承认罪行。 128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret) 对…讲真心话， 依赖 129. in confidence 推心置腹地； with confidence 满怀信心地； have confidence in 对…有信心 130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…的信赖 131. be confident of 有信心； confidential 机密的 132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内 133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等) - 5 - 134. conform to (=be in agreement with， comply with) 符合，遵照，遵守；1)obey 服从； 2) observe； 3)comply with照…办； 4)keep to遵循； 5)abide by服从；6)stick to按……做 135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对， 面临 136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺 137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于， 138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道 139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意 140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果 141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果 142. under consideration 在考虑中 143. in consideration of (=in return for， on account of， because of )由于
144. on no consideration(in
no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration
(=take account of， take…into
account)考虑到， 把 …考虑进
去
146. considerate (=thoughtful
of the needs) 体贴的， 考虑他
人需要的， considerable相当
大的，值得考虑的
147. consist of(=be composed
of)由…组成的。 consist in主要
在于。 consist with符合，与…
一致
148. be consistent with(=be in
agreement with)与…一致。 be
consistent in一贯的 ，
149. consult sb. on about sth.
向…征求…方面的意见， 就…
向…请教
150. to one's heart's content
尽情地，痛痛快快
作者：dennear发表日期：
2007-01-30 19:04:16第 2 楼
151. be content with(=be
satisfied with) 满足于be
content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与…相反 153. on the contrary 相反 154. contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照) 155. in contrast towith 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下 156. contribute to 有助于。 157. under control (被)控制住 out of control无法控制 158. at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对…方便 159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain； to persuade sb.) 使某人确信，try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做… 160. cope with(=deal with， try to find a solution to)应付， 处理 161. in the corner(of)在角落里；on(at) the comer of a street- 6 - 在街道拐弯处；round the comer拐过弯； be in a tight corner陷入困境 162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信 163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合，一致 164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以…为代价 165. a matter of course 理所当然的事 166. as a matter of course 当然地， 自然地 167. in (during) the course 在…过程中 168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久， 到一定时候 169. on credit赊购； with credit以优异成绩； to one's credit使某人感到光荣； do sb. credit 使…感到光荣 170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的 171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治
好某人的疾病
172.a danger to对…的危险；
be in danger(of)处于…危险中；
be out of danger脱离危险
173. to date(=so far， until
now) 到目前为止
174. out of date过时的；up to
date新式的，时兴的； date
back to可追溯到； date from
从某时期开始(有)
175. deal with (=concern) 论
及
176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债
177. on the decline 在衰退中，
在减少中 in decline 下降； on
the increase 在增加
178. to one's delight 令某人感
到高兴 to one's regret 遗憾；
sorrow悲痛； relief 安心；
distress 苦恼； shame羞愧；
surprise 惊奇； astonishment
惊奇；
179. delight in(=take great
pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢，
取乐
180. take (a) delight in 喜欢
干…， 以…为乐 181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西。 demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西 182.in demand有需求；on demand受到要求时 183. be dependent on 依靠 184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得，由…来的。derive from(=come from)起源于 186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望 187. in despair 绝望 188. despite (=in spite of) 不管， 尽管 189. in detail 详细地 190. deviate from 偏离， 不按…办 191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食， 节食 192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于… - 7 - 193. in difficulties…有困难，处境困难 194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇， 开除 195. fall back (=retreat， turn back) 撤退； in disorder 慌乱地， 狼狈不堪 196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列 197. dispose of (=get rid of ，throw away)处理掉 198. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议 199. in dispute 在争议中 200. in the distance 在远处。 make out 辩认出
1. 形容词、副词
形容词和副词为每年三级考试必考题目，所考单词全部出自考纲所要求的3550个基础词汇，主要考查学生对单词意义的准确把握，以及单词的相关搭配。每年的考题中通常会有两道题目，一道考查形容词，另外一道考查副词。
真题演练：
1）The young officer was very ______with the new soldier in their training . （200406-15）
A. hard B. strict C. serious D. hostile
2）There are no tickets ______for Saturday’s concert. （200506-26）
A. preferable B. favorable C. available D. considerable
3) It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge.
A) intensive B) ineffective C) extensive D)expensive (200512-22)
4) We need someone really _____ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly. (200512-26)
A) effective B) efficient C) essential D) executive
5）Let's hang up some nice paintings on these _____ walls of the great hall. (200512-29)
A) blank B) bare C) empty D) vacant
6）She is one of the newest film stars from America and has many fans, _____ in Europe. (200312-13)
A) specially B) particularly C) partially D) specifically
7）They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping in the chemical plant.
A) fruitful B) beneficial C) effective D) influential (200312-16)
8）John and Edwards are, ______, the producer and director of the film that won the prize just now.
A. definitely B. relatively C. collectively D. respectively (200406-13）
9) It is ______ impossible to find a good educational computer program in this part of the country.
A. merely B. barely C. hardly D. nearly (200506-31)
10) Over ten people died and twenty people were _______ wounded in the train crash. (200606-20)
A. eventually B. urgently C. bitterly D. seriously
答案：1）B，2）C，3）C， 4）B，5）B，6）B，7）C，8）D，9）D，10）D
补充练习：
1) He is not really ill, but he has a ______ headache.
A. obvious B. delicate C. slight D. temporary
2) Some ______ friends helped John to get a good job.
A. capable B. effective C. efficient D. powerful
3) The winds today will be light and _____.
A. varied B. various C. variable D. valuable
4）She is very ______ about what she wears and eats.
A. popular B. specific C. special D. particular
5) He was quite ________ about his future in the company.
A. pessimistic B. optional C. ambitious D. confident
6) Noise is unpleasant, _______ when you are trying to sleep.
A. surely B. exclusively C. generally D. especially
7) Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ______ sicknesses.
A. normal B. regular C. average D. ordinary
8) Having heard so much about Mr. Smith, they were ______ to meet and have a chat with him.
A. eager B. desperate C. urgent D. earnest
9) The mild boiled over and there was a _____ smell of burning.
A. horrible B. beautiful C. hostile D. bitter
10) Johnny was very ______ and preferred not to talk about his achievement.
A. modest B. impatient C. indifferent D. mysterious
11) We had ______rain this summer.
A. considerate B. considerable C. conservative D. consistent
12) Although only of ______ intelligence, he speaks four foreign languages fluently.
A. average B. middle C. minor D. slow
13) ______, many workers who have been laid off are the victims of the bad management in the company.
A. Scarcely B. Undoubtedly C. Directly D. Largely
14) The hero in the story is an ______ character.
- 1 -
A. imagine B. imaginary C. imaginative D. imagination
15) The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was terrible, so I was ______.
A. confused B. nervous C. shameful D. embarrassed
16. The doctor found the patient’s blood pressure remained _______ at all time.
A. constant B. continuous C. continual D. available
17. Our public transportation is not _______ for the need of the people in our major cities.
A. excessive B. additional C. efficient D. adequate
18. –I’d like to have a table for four at 6 o’clock.
–I am sorry. There are no tables ______ this evening.
A. available B. favorable C. ready D. prepared
19. In teaching it is highly ______ to know exactly what one is hoping to achieve.
A. unable B. reliable C. unreasonable D. desirable
20. There were _________ 9,997 people at the opening ceremony of the games.
A. approximately B. nearly C. apparently D. exactly
答案：1-5: C D C D D 6-10: D D A A A
11-15: B A B D A 16-20: A D A D D
2．动词、动词短语
动词也是每年三级考试必考题目，所考单词全部出自考纲所要求的3550个基础词汇，即有单独考查单词意义的题目，也有考查动词意义及其搭配的题目，复习时应该注意动词的相关搭配和用法。每年的考题中通常会有2-3道题目，但从四川省2006年12月的考题来看，比例有所增加。值得注意的是，考题一般不会单纯考查词汇，通常会将语法知识点如被动语态结合在一起考查。
真题演练：
1）The investigation has _____some serious faults in the operation system of the assembly line.
A. revealed B. involved C. encountered D. recovered (200406-32)
2）Features such as height , weight and skin color _____from individual to individual and from face to face .
A. alter B. vary C. change D. convert (200506-19)
3) Some animals can _______ in the desert on very little water. (200306-27)
A. relax B. conquer C. survive D. recover
4) In this university, the best students are ______ special scholarships every year. (200306-29)
A. impressed B. exerted C. favored D. awarded
5) The solution to the problems ______ social and political reforms. (200306-31)
A. sticks to B. lies in C. stands for D. goes through
6) At such a time of crisis, we must try to ______ differences of party or class and stick together.
A. set forth B. set back C. set aside D. set down (200312-26)
7) A soldier should never _______ from the duty of defending his county even in the face of death.
A. shrink B. shield C. shelter D. avoid (200312-32)
8) Looking through my drawers I ______ the missing papers. (200406-26)
A. came over B. came across C. came through D. came to
9) Eating too much food can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. (200506-17)
A. contribute to B. refer to C. attend to D. devote to
10) We hoped to be able to complete the task at the end of the month, but things did not _____ as we had expected.
A. work over B. work on C. work at D. work out (200306-19) 答案：1）A，2）B, 3）C， 4）D，5）B，6）C，7）A，8）B，9）A，10）D
补充练习：
1) Their marriage ended with ______ at last because of the age ago.
A. divorce B. register C. panel D. restore
2) What do you _____ to do about the problem now that this solution has failed?
A. attempt B. think C. pretend D. intend
3) Is there anyone who ______ the plans put forward by the committee?
A. differs B. opposes C. disagrees D. refuses
4) The ability to use a language can be ______ only by the act of using the language.
A. acquired B. inquired C. required D. acquitted
5) The restaurant is busy on Sundays, so I will phone up today and _______ a table.
A. reserve B. preserve C. observe D. deserve
- 2 -
6) He has been ______ of murdering his wife.
A. blamed B. charged C. accused D. arrested
7) I’ve ______ for the job and I hope I could get it.
A. appointed B. applied C. presented D. succeeded
8) Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_______.
A. hurt B. damaged C. spoiled D. harmed
9) The Chinese Red Cross _______ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.
A. assigned B. contributed C. furnished D. administered
10) Our company decided to _______ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.
A. destroy B. resist C. assume D. cancel
11) The experiment he made last week ______ that theory.
A. committed B. confirmed C. considered D. concerned
12) We must ______ that the telegram arrives in time.
A. secure B. assure C. insure D. ensure
13) Marty’s music teacher ______ him for the school band.
A. recommended B. employed C. promoted D. specialized
14) We were tired of hearing him _______ about how strong he was.
A. exclaim B. speak C. remark D. boast
15) He _______ to hit me if I didn’t do as he said.
A. pretended B. thought C. threatened D. warned
16) She doesn’t ______ to speak her mind.
A. object B. hesitate C. pause D. prepare
17) It would be easier to _______ the outcome of the game, if the teams were not so evenly matched.
A. argue B. discuss C. predict D. influence
18) He couldn’t even _______ a cow from a horse.
A. tell B. contrast C. compare D. recognize
19) I was told that this cloth would not ______ in the wash, but it did.
A. decrease B. shorten C. reduce D. shrink
20) We asked high school student to _______ in an anti-drugs campaign.
A. remain B. resist C. participate D. attend
21) Science has _______ great changes in our daily life.
A. brought up B. brought forward C. brought out D. brought about
22) Her teacher has ______ her essay and found sit spelling mistakes.
A. looked through B. looked into C. looked up D. looked after
23) I could just see a car in the distance; but I could not _____ what color it was.
A. take in B. look over C. make out D. see through
24) The gas ______ an unpleasant smell.
A. set off B. went off C. put off D. gave off
25) Poor as he was, he was honest, and ______ every offer of help.
A. gave out B. turned down C. called off D. looked through
26) The old man has _______ two wars and three revolutions.
A. left for B. lived through C. fought against D. looked through
27) We have already______ too much of your valuable time.
A. taken away B. taken in C. taken over D. taken up
28) The factory will have to ______ workers if its orders keep on decreasing.
A. hand over B. lay off C. hand in D. turn down
29) It’s hard work but if you ______ you’ll succeed in the end.
A. hand in B. hang in C. hand on D. hang on
30) Mr. Brown lost his job last month so the family had to ________on expenses
A. cut off B. cut out C. cut back D. cut down
答案： 1-5: A D B A A 6-10: C A C B D 11-15: B D A D C
16-20: B C A D C 21-25: D A C D A 26-30: B D B D D
3．名词
三级考试对名词的考查每年不是很固定，但几乎都有一道题目。如2004年6月考查一道题目，2006年6月考
查一道题目，2006年12月考查了二道题目，名词的考查具有以下特征：一般不会和语法结合进行考查，如名词的数；所考查的名词一般是由动词转化而来的名词；比较容易考察意义相近的名词之间的区别; 可能会考查以名词为中心词的习惯用语，固定搭配。考生做这类题没有什么诀窍，只要具备较扎实的词汇知识，得分相对容易。 真题演练：
1）The doctor told Alice that too much ______ to the sun is bad for her skin.
A. exposure B. extension C. exhibition D. expansion （200306-25）
2）He gave his listeners a vivid ______ of what he had experienced in the country.
A. condition B. occupation C. description D. situation （200506-24）
3) A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the ______ of the trip.（200312-21）
A. advance B. arrival C. direction D. destination
4）George has prepared carefully for his driving test so that he might pass it on his first ______.
A. purpose B. attention C. attempt D. desire （200406-21）
答案：1）A，2）C, 3）D， 4）C，
补充练习：
1) What _______ should we adopt to find out thief?
A. principle B. measure C. recommendation D. procedure
2) It is a(an)_______ to call a man a liar if you know he is not.
A. mistake B. crime C. insult D. nonsense
3) You have a marvelous ______ of the whole island from the top of the tower.
A. view B. scenery C. vision D. scene
4) She loves traveling, and it is her ______ to travel round the world.
A. tendency B. opinion C. anxiety D. ambition
5) At the universities of Oxford and Cambridge the ______ of teachers to students is very high.
A. ratio B. number C. percentage D. proportion
6) A space shuttle(航天飞机) is a _____ that takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.
A. vehicle B. carriage C. transport D. compartment
7) The demonstrators demanded that foreign troops ______ from the country.
A. resign B. suspend C. deposit D. withdraw
8) The discovery of oil can bring great ______ to a country.
A. property B. wealth C. purchase D. belongings
9) Literature is a ______ of endless pleasure to many thousands.
A. religion B. source C. origin D. resource
10) This is the latest attempt to find a peaceful _____ to the troubles in the area.
A. method B. solution C. revolution D. pollution
11) They are working on a _______ to prevent trouble ate football grounds.
A. solution B. schedule C. measurement D. scheme
12) The ______ of the trees in the water was very clear.
A. sight B. reflection C. shadow D. picture
13) It’s my birthday, and we are going to celebrate the ______ by having a few friends in for the evening.
A. moment B. occasion C. period D. instance
14) They escaped to Paris with the _______ of becoming painters.
A. intention B. attention C. imagination D. consideration
15) Before John started to operate the new machine, he read the _______ carefully so that he made no mistakes.
A. informations B. indications C. instructions D. publications
16) That Shelley became a poet may have been due to his mother’s _______.
A. education B. effect C. literacy D. influence
17) From our conversation, I got the _______ that he was not satisfied with his present job.
A. impressions B. emotion C. expression D. reputation
18) The accidents happened because too little ______ was placed on the safety regulation.
A. emphasis B. importance C. weights D. seriousness
19) The _______ on international economic problems met in Geneva last Monday.
A. references B. inference C. conference D. difference
20) Rebuilding the canal has already brought many ______ to our national economy.
A. interests B. developments C. advances D. benefits
答案： 1-5: C C A D A 6-10: A D B B B 11-15: D B B A C 16-20: D A A C D
4．介词及介词短语:
介词及介词短语每年必考，考查的题目在1-2题之间，但考查的方式较多：
1) 与动词搭配，构成短语，但考查的核心在介词上，如以下一些短语： account for, benefit from/by, come across, contribute to, apply for, consist in, differ from, interfere in, result from, get through, insist on, lie in, live through, persist in, stick to, stand for, turn to, vary with, work on, vary from, stand by, keep to, rely on, run into, see through, take to等；
2）与动词、副词连用，构成动词+副词+介词的结构，如以下一些短语：come up with, face up to, live up to, look down upon, make up for, stand up for, come up to, cut down on, go in for, keep up with, put up with, stand up to, give in to等；
3）动词+（宾语）+介词+（宾语）的结构也常考，如以下一些短语：accuse„of„, accustom oneself to„, apply„ to, attribute„ to„, compare„ with„, convince„of„, tell„from„, charge„with„, devote oneself to„, prevent„from„, separate„from„, remind„of„ derive„from„, owe„to„, prefer„to„, warn„of„, think of„as„等；
4）形容词与介词的搭配， 如：capable of, adapted to, concerned about, absorbed in, accustomed to, anxious for„ conscious of, content with, exposed to, inclusive of, known for, favorable to, involved in, responsible for, similar to, subject to, superior to, strict with等；
5）名词和介词的搭配，如：access to, approach to, confidence in, desire for, impression on, interference in, comment on, dependence on, influence on, reply to, respect for, sympathy with/for, shelter from, tendency to/towards, comparison with, attitude to 等；
6）介词短语： apart from, according to, as a result of, as regards, at the cost of, at the sight of, by means of, for the sake of, in charge of, in favor of, in spite of, in the event of, on the ground of, thanks to, with respect to, as to, at the risk of, in virtue of, due to, in addition to, in case of, in honor of, in place of, with regard to, in view of, on the basis of, regardless of, within the reach of, at a loss, at any cost, at no time, at times, by all means, after all, as a matter of fact, at a time, at all events, at most, at least, by accident/chance, by no means, in case, in detail, in particular, on a large scale, on purpose, out of sight, to the point, without question, in a word, in brief, in effect, in no way, out of control, under repair, up to date, without exception, by the way, in sum, on duty, on the whole, out of place, under age, in sequence 等；
真题演练：
1) Many northerners find it difficult to get accustomed_____ the hot Sichuan food. （200406-23）
A. against B. for C. with D. to
2) There is not much time left; so I will tell you about it________. （200312-19）
A. in short B. in detail C. in brief D. in all
3) If the newcomer won’t cooperate on the mountain-climbing, leave him______. （200306-13）
A. behind B. over C. off D. out
4) What he said just now had little to do with the question________ discussion. （200506-28）
A. under B. at C. in D. on
5) They hold different opinions______ whether the giant panda belongings to the bear family or not.
A. as to B. as regards C. as far as D. as well as （200306-22） 答案： 1）D，2）B, 3）A， 4）A，5)A
补充练习：
1) It’s ________ to ask Mr. Blake for help. He is too busy.
A. out of question B. beyond question C. out of the question D. in question
2) The losses _______ leakage past the pistons can be ignored since they are negligible.
A. due to B. thanks to C. since D. as
3) ________ the higher capital expenditure(支出) involved, the machine may prove more economical in the long run.
A. in spite of B. Besides C. Except for D. Apart from
4) ________ the earth, none of the planets is inhabited.
A. apart from B. Besides C. Except that D. Except
5) ________ the high temperatures special alloys are used.
A. in account of B. On account of C. Thanks to D. Because
6) The mayor has told his friends that he is sick but will not admit it _______ public.
A. on B. to C. in D. by
7) I spoke to him _____ his low marks.
A. with regard B. with regards to C. with regard to D. with regards
8) A floating nuclear plant is planned for construction _______ the coast of New Jersey.
A. off B. of C. in D. out
9) John left school and went to work ______ his family.
A. for the sake of B. because C. since D. by reason of
10) If ______ you see Henry, tell him I want to see him.
A. on chance B. by chance C. on the chance D. by the chance
11) ________ the fog, we should have reached our destination.
A. Because of B. in spite of C. In case of D. But for
12) It’s on the top shelf, out of ______.
A. distance B. reach C. touch D. attempt
13) Thousands of people from other countries entered USA ______ New York.
A. By means of B. by the way C. by way of D. in the way of
14) _______ your poor record in school, we think you should study harder.
A. in spite of B. in charge of C. in view of D. in case of
15. We would contact your relatives _______ any accident occurring.
A. in the place of B. in spite of C. in the event of D. on account of
16. Whoever has skills and knowledge should be properly treated and rewarded _______ his educational background.
A. despite of B. let alone C. regardless of D. on account of
17. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.
A. all in all B. above all C. after all D. over all
18. Take an umbrella _______ of rain.
A. in any case B. in case C. owing to D. in the case
19. He got up to the roof ______ a ladder.
A. by all means B. by any means C. by means of D. by no means
20. _______ his bad conduct, he was dismissed from the position.
A. In the event of B. In consequence of C. in contrast to D. in excess of
答案：1-5: C A A D B 6-10: C C A A B 11-15: D B C C C 16-20: C B B C B
（二）语法部分考点
就历年真题分析，语法结构占20题中的60%，即12题。
1. 非谓语动词
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词）是词汇与结构考试中语法部分的重中之重，每次考查题目总在3-4个左右。考查点：
1）现在分词主要考查：
a. 现在分词作定语；b. 现在分词作状语（尤其是伴随状语和原因状语; c. 现在分词独立结构（表示原因、表示条件、表示方式或伴随）；d. 不仅要知道现在分词的一般形式，而且要知道现在分词时式和语态的变化；e. 现在分词的否定形式 f. 垂悬的现在分词(注意将其和分词作状语区分开来。
2）过去分词主要考查：过去分词作定语；
3) 动名词主要考查：a. 动名词的复合结构； b. 动名词作主语（it作形式主语的用法）；c. 动名词时态和语态的变化；d. 动名词作宾语是考查的重点，主要有以下几种情况：
a)英语中有些动词后面只能跟动名词作它的宾语 。这类动词常见的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practice，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。
b)动名词在demand, deserve, need, require, want等动词后面作宾语时，表示被动的意思。
c)动名词作介词宾语
动名词作介词宾语，并且和介词构成介词短语。
d)有些短语动词和结构后面也要求跟动名词作宾语 .这样的短语动词常见的有：feel like，give up，go on，object/objection to，put off，keep on，insist on，leave off，look forward to，think of, can't help, be/get used to, spend...in , have difficulty in, have trouble/a hard time in, there be no need, confess to等。
e)有些动词既可以加动名词，又可以加不定式，两者在意义上有差别。 这些动词有：forget, like, remember, regret, try等。
4）不定式主要考查：a. 不定式的时式和语态的变化，尤其是一般式的被动语态和完成式的被动语态；b. 不定式作宾语（动词不定式作宾语补足语）、定语的用法；c. 不定式作结果状语和目的状语；d. 不带to 的不定式的用法。（该部分涉及的语法知识点较多，本书不能一一列举，考生查阅语法书籍，弄清楚以上语法知识点，方能在考试中立于不败之地）
非谓语动词可以从以下几个方面应试：
A. 根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词；
B. 非谓语动同同主句谓语动词动作发生的先后关系。动作正在进行的用现在分词进行式，同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在分词一般式或过去分词；在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式、不定式完成式；发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式；
C. 表状态多用分词，表目的多用不定式。
真题演练：
1) When you make a public speech, try your best to make yourself clearly______.
A. understand B. understanding C. understood D. to understand （200212-26）
2) There____ nothing to say, the secretary got to her feet and left the room. (200306-18）
A. is B. being C. was D. having
3) I feel like ____to the landlord of the house to complain about the broken window.
A. writing B. write C. to write D. to have written （200212-24）
4) There seems something wrong with my camera. It needs_______. （200406-31）
A. being repaired B. repairing C. to repair D. repaired
5) We suggested sleeping in hotels but the children were anxious ___ out. （200306-26）
A. camped B. to camp C. camping D. to camping
6) Over thirty coal miners were reported ______ in that shocking accident. （200312-22）
A. to be killed B. to have been killed C. having been killed D. being killed
7) Many people lay face down on the beach, their backs ______ to the sun. （200406-16）
A. exposed B. exposing C. were exposed D. are exposed
8) I have no objection _____ the evening with them. （200506-16）
A. to spend B. to spending C. spending D. of spending
9) _____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of English is poor. （200512-15）
A) Were other things equal C) Other things being equal
B) To be equal to other things D) Other things to be equal
10) The student in glasses confessed to _____ the final English exam for another student. （200512-30）
A) take B) taking C) have taken D) having taken
答案：1）C，2）B, 3）A，4）B, 5）B，6）B, 7) A, 8) D, 9) C, 10) D
补充练习：
1) Is Mr. Smith a suitable person _______ over the job?
A. to take B. taking C. taken D. takes
2) Do you mean to risk ______ cold by going out now that it has started pouring with rain?
A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught
3) Suddenly we felt the atmosphere ______ tense.
A. grew B. to grow C. grown D. grow
4) You can have your tape record ______ in the shop over there.
A. repairing B. to repair C. repaired D. repair
5) You can't avoid ______ .
A. to make mistakes B. making mistakes C. in making mistakes D. from making mistakes
6) He is looking forward to ______ his holiday in Britain.
A. spend B. have spent C. spending D. having been spending
7) _______ a properly designed shape, the steam flow will be smooth.
A. Given B. Give C. Giving D. To have given
8) ________ there for many years, she knew the place quite well.
A. Living B. Lived C. To live D. Having lived
9) Returning to my apartment, _______.
A. my watch was missing B. I found my watch missed
C. I found my watch missing D. the watch was missed
10) The revolutionary fighter would rather die with his head high than ______ with his knees bent.
A. to live B. living C. live D. lived
11) An adequate amount of heat must be supplied for the metal ______.
A. to be melting B. to be melted C. to have melted D. to melted
12) _______ such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?
A Having given B Giving C Having been given D Give
13) Tim cannot but ______ his supervisor to help him solve the difficulty he has in doing his project.
A to ask B ask C asking D asked
14) Mr. Wilson said he did not want _______ any future responsibilities.
A. put up B. to take on C. getting on D. to look up
15) He wore dark glasses to avoid ________.
A. having been recognized B. recognized C. to be recognized D. being recognized
16) There is nothing to do but ______ till he comes back.
A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting
17) The teacher stood there, _______ by a group of students.
A. surrounded B. having been surrounded C. being surrounded D. to be surrounded
18) They found the size of the machine _______ greatly.
A. to have reduced B. to be being reduced C. reduced D. having reduced
19) Weather _______, we will start our journey tomorrow.
A. is permitting B. permitting C. is permitted D. being permitting
20) They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted ________.
A. to be not able to help B. being not able to helping
C. being unable to help D. not be able to help
21) ______ for more than twenty years, no one recognized him.
A. The man imprisoned B. the man imprisoning
C. The man being imprisoned D. The man having been imprisoned
22) ______ in her experiment, she forgot _______ lunch.
A. Absorbing; having B. Absorbed; to have C. Having absorbed; to have D. To be absorbed; having
23) The child pretended ______ to what his mother was saying.
A. to be not listening B. not listening C. not to be listening D. listening
24) All letters _______, Bethe took them to the post office.
A. had been writing B. having been written C. wrote D. had written
25) This is one of the foods that my doctor has forbidden me______.
A. eating B. eat C. to eat D. to be eaten
26) New ways have been found to prevent the river_______.
A. not to be polluted B. against polluting C. from polluting D. from being polluted
27) I hope that by posting the letter now at midday, I shall ensure ______ it before the weekend.
A. you receive B. you to receive C. your receiving D. your having received
28) It’s too early ______ in the office.
A. for anybody to be there B. for there to be anybody
C. there to be anybody D. there anybody to be
29) ______, she began to search some on TV.
A. There were no interesting radio programs
B. There was no interesting radio programs
C. Without being interesting radio programs
D. There being no interesting radio programs
30) After _______ him better, I regretted ______ him unfairly.
A. getting to know; to judge B. getting to know; to have judged
C. Getting to have known; judging D. getting to know; having judged
答案： 1-5: A C D C B 6-10: A A D C C 11-15: B C B B D
16-20: A C C B C 21-25: D B C B C 26-30: D C B D D
2. 从句 - 8 -
- 9 -
历年三级考试对从句考查不少2-3个。从近年的考题来看，考查的比例在增大，每次约1-3题。考查点在：
1）定语从句考查重点，其中非限制定语从句是重中之重。一般考非限制性定语从句中介词of + whom、which从句。限制性定语从句考查较少, 主要考查关系副词（when, where）和状语从句中的连接词在引导定语从句和状语从句的区别。
2）状语从句为选考项目。本部分的考试重点是：引导时间状语从句的名词词组：the instant, the moment, the minute, the time, each time, every time等。引导原因状语从句的连词：as, seeing that(由于), in that(因为), considering that, for the reason that(因为), now that, not that „ but that（不是因为，而是因为）等。引导目的状语从句的连词：in order that, lest , in case, for fear that等。引导条件状语从句的连词：as/so long as, unless, assuming(that) (假定), on condition(that)（条件是）, providing/provided(that) (假若), suppose/supposing that (假使), granting/granted that(假定)等。 “主补＋as(though)＋主语＋谓语动词”引导让步状语从句，表示倒装。
3）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）也为选考项目，但他们常和虚拟语气结合考查。
4）从句的语序也是一个考点。
例如：
A. 定语从句：
a. 非限制定语从句
1) They have invited me to dinner, ___is very kind of them . （200212-30）
A. as B. which C. it D. that
2）The United States is composed of fifty states, ____ are separated from the others by land or water.
A. Two of which B. Two of whom C. two of them D. two of those （200312-23）
3) The students, ______, enjoyed the performance very much. （200506-15）
A. most of those were girl students B. most of them were girl students
C. most of them were girl students D. most of whom were girl students
答案：1）B，2）A，3）D
B. 限制性定语从句
I’ve never been to my parents’ hometown, but it’s the place______. （200506-13）
A. in which I’d like to visit B. where I’d like to visit
C. I want to visit most D. that I want to visit it most
答案：C
B. 状语从句:
1）_____its economy continues to grow ,the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-time and temporary workers. （200312-26）
A. Even though B. If only C. Now that D. Provided that
2）______you return the book by Saturday ,I will lend it to you with pleasure . （200506-14）
A. So long as B. As well as C. So far as D. As far as
答案：1）D，2）A
C. 名词性从句
1）A telephone recording at the cinema tells callers____. （200406-27）
A. what time starts the movie B. what time does the movie start
C. what time the movie starts D. the movie starts what time
2) ____there are several thousand languages and dialects spoken in the world. （200506-32）
A. When it is estimated B. It has been estimated that
C. To estimate that D. If it is estimated that
答案：1）C，2）B
补充练习：
1) _______ it is you have found, you must give it back to _______it belongs to.
A. Whatever, whomever B. What, no matter whom
C. No matter what, whoever D. Whatever, no matter who
2) _______ is none of your business.
A. She spends her time B. Where does she spend her time
C. Where she spends her time D. It is where she spends her time
3) The size of the people, _____ we had expected, was a thousand.
A. whom B. who C. as D. that
4) _____ this is an event of world historic significance is quite evident.
A. What B. That C. Because D. Since
5) We have tested three hundred types of boot, _______ is completely waterproof.
A. no of which B. none of which C. some of that D. neither of which
6) It is the third time ______.
A. that I have been here B. that I was there C. since I was there D. since I have been there
7) I remember the reason ______ he had given for not coming.
A. why B. that C. how D. what
8) He may be late, in ______ case we ought to wait for him.
A. whose B. its C. which D. what
9) Mr. Black ______ we have a sincere respect, is quite outstanding in the field of natural science.
A. of whom B. for whom C. on whom D. for that
10) July 13, 1913 is a day _____ he will never forget. His father was murdered on that day.
A. when B. that C. which D. for which
11) ______ I saw him I knew he had failed the examination.
A. The moment B. A moment C. In a moment D. For a moment
12) She accepted the invitation _______ she didn’t really want to.
A. in case B. although C. provided D. since
13) It is because she is too experienced ______ she does not know how to deal with the situation.
A. so B. that C. so that D. therefore
14) All _______ is a nice meal and a good rest.
A. what I want B. that I want C. the thing wanted D. which I want
15) A force can be shown by a straight line, ______ length represents the magnitude of the force.
A. which B. whose C. that D. as
16) I always wanted to have a stud (书房)______ I could do my work,.
A. that B. which C. where D. of which
17) You may borrow the book _______ you keep it clean.
A. such as B. so as to C. so long as D. as far
18) _______ she has opened a window, the smell of smoke is still very strong.
A. Till B. In order that C. Even though D. So that
19) _______ he retires, Professor Baker will have taught for almost forty years.
A. By this time B. By the time C. At the same time D. At the time
20) ______ we have satisfied you, you have no grounds for complaint.
A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. Because of
21) I wouldn’t read that novels, _______ recommends it.
A. no matter who B. no matter how C. no matter when D. no matter what
22) He took down the name _______ he should forget it.
A. in that B. for fear that C. except that D. as if
23) We can only do the job for you ________ the work is paid for in advance.
A. on condition that B. now that C. just as D. in that
24) ________ I have been able to discover, there is only one source of energy available.
A. In order that B. If C. So that D. So far as
25) Tom is in favor of going to the movies, _______ Jack insists on playing basketball.
A. while B. meanwhile C. in the meantime D. at the same time
26) Peter speaks to me _______ he were my brother.
A. even if B. although C. if D. as if
27) I had to visit a sick friend of mine; ______, I didn’t know you would come.
A beside B besides C except D for
28) My father has a large collection of books _______ are written in foreign languages.
A. many ones of which B. many of which C. whose many books D. many books of which
29) I had not even a vague idea ______ was going to happen.
A. in which B. of which C. of what D. in what
30) Criticism and self- criticism is necessary ________ it helps us to correct our mistakes
A. in that B. that C. so that D. such that
答案： 1-5: A C C B B 6-10: A B C B B 11-15: A B B B A
16-20: C C C B C 21-25: A B A D A 26-30: D B B C A - 10 -
- 11 -
3. 时态、语态和情态动词
时态主要围绕完成时，重点考查过去完成时、情态动词+完成时、将来完成时。语态主要是和时态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气结合，单独考查语态的试题较为少见。时态、语态、情态动词常三者结合考查。在历年的考试中大约有2-3题考查到时态、语态和情态动词
1）完成时
过去完成时：常和before, after, until, when等引导的时间状语从句连用, 其谓语动作一般表示过去。（by the time/the end of）+表示过去时间的短语或句子。 hardly/scarcely＋过去完成时＋when＋过去时；no sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋过去时。 现在完成时和现在完成进行时：状语词组：this day(week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year等。 将来完成时：常和before, until, when, after 等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动作一般表示将来。by(the time/the end of)＋表示将来时间的短语或句子。
2）情态动词
情态动词的测试重点：should(ought to)+have + p.p.表示 “过去该做而没有做的事情，常有责备或后悔的意味”。might/could/may + have + p.p.表示“过去发生的可能性或对过去情况的推测”。must + have + p.p.表示“对过去事件的断定，肯定的程度很大”。needn’t + have + p.p.表示“做了不必做的事，有责备之意”。
真题演练：
A．情态动词+完成时：
1）My wallet is nowhere to be found. I ___when I was on the bus. （200506-23）
A. must have dropped it B. must drop it C. should have dropped it D. have dropped it
2）Just as I was leaving the house , it occurred to me that I ____to take my keys . （200406-30）
A. should have forgotten B . have forgotten C. had forgotten D. must have forgotten
答案：1）A，2）D
B．过去完成时：
They bought their first house last year , previously they _____to get a loan. （200306-21）
A. were able B. weren’t able C. had been able D. hadn’t been able
答案：D
C．将来完成时：
By the time we arrive in London, we ___in Europe for two weeks. （200406-19）
A. shall stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying
答案：C
补充练习：
1) Marie is very wet. She ______ in the river.
A. can have fallen B. had to fall C. must have fallen D. needn’t to fall
2) With all this work on hand, he ______ to the cinema last night.
A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go C. ought to go D. shouldn’t have gone
3) –Did you blame him for his carelessness?
-Yes, but I _______ so.
A.‘d rather not do B. shouldn’t do C. ‘d better not have done D. shouldn’t have done
4) “Did Ken take the job in the bookstore?”
“No, but I think he ______.”
A. will have B. may have C. should have D. must have
5) He _______ more than thirty.
A. mustn’t be B. shouldn’t be C. won’t be D. can’t be
6) You’re right. I _______ of that.
A. should think B. should have thought C. must have thought D. needn’t think
7) As we can’t get there in time, they ______ about our safety.
A. should be worrying B. can be worrying C. must be worrying D. need be worrying
8) I have already know about you; you ______ yourself to me.
A. shouldn’t have introduced B. needn’t have introduced
C. wouldn’t introduce D. mustn’t introduce
9) Since my wife isn’t answering her telephone, she ________.
A. must have left B. should have left C. can have left D. need have left
10) Since the ditch is full of water, it ______ hard last night.
A. ought to rain B. must have rained C. might have rained D. could rain
11) Next month they_____ in the United States for thirty years.
A. are B. have been C. will be D. will have been
12) It _______ for a week and the street were flooded
A. has rained B. had been raining C. was raining D. rained
13) He was caught in a traffic jam and by the time he reached the airport his friend’s plane______.
A. has already taken off B. had already taken off C. has been taken off D. had been taken off
14) They told us that they _______ for more than two hours.
A. have waited B. were waiting C. have been waiting D. had been waiting
15) It’s been a long time since I _______. How are you?
A. had last seen you B. saw you last C. have last seen you D. last was seeing you
16) You needn’t hurry her. She ______ it by the time you are ready.
A. will have been finishing B. will finish C. will have finished D. will be finishing
17) -“I have our tickets.”
-“That’s good. I was afraid that you ______ them.” - 12 -
A. had forgotten B. forgot C. have forgotten D. are forgetting
18) She said that she ______ soon.
A. will go to college B. went to college C. would go to college D. won’t to go to college
19) Last night he went to bed early. When we got there, he ______ to bed already.
A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. go
20) I can’t give you an answer before I ______ carefully.
A. have been thinking it over B. have thought it over
C. think it over D. thought it over
答案：1-5: C D D C D 6-10: B C B A B 11-15: D B B D B 16-20: C A C C B
4. 虚拟语气
虚拟语气是必考项目，每次考查题数常在1-2题左右。
1）带if 的虚拟条件句主要考查 “条件状语从句与过去事实相反时，虚拟语气的表达方式，虚拟条件句用谓语had+过去分词，主句用谓语would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词；
2）省略if 的虚拟条件句：
a．一些书面表达的虚拟条件从句并没有使用连接词if，而是将谓语部分的were， had，should或could等移至主语之前，形成一个倒装语序结构。如：
Were you in my position（＝If you were in m y position），you would do the same．假如你处在我的位置上，也会这么干的。
Had I time，I would come．假如有时间，我会来的。
b．Were it not for ＋名词／Had it not been for ＋名词，译为“若不是”，“要不是”，“假设没有”。如：
Were it not for the debts（＝If it were not for the debts），we would be all right．假如没有债务，我们的生活会不成问题。
Had it not been for air（＝If it had not been for air），there would have been no living things．如果没有空气，也就没有生物。
3）用介词短语表达的虚拟条件句：条件从句的引导词除if以外，还可以是 when，once，unless，suppose，supposing（仅在问句中用），provided（that），providing（that），granted/given（that），so（as）long as，on condition（that），for fear（that），lest，in case，as if， but that ／only that等等，其中on condition，for fear，in case后面还可跟名词或词组，用of连接。如：
When I have gotten my evidence I will come to my conclusions．要是有了证据，我就可以得出结论。
Suppose ／Supposing it rains，what shall we do？（主句有时可以省略）假设下雨，我们怎么办呢？
Once you have promised you must do it．你既已答应，就一定要完成。
So（as）long as we don't lose heart，we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty．只要我们不灰心，就能找到克服困难的办法。
Given/Granted that this is true，what conclusion can you draw？就算这是实际情况，你又能得出什么结论呢？
He managed to finish the work on time for fear that he might be punished（＝for fear of being punished）．因为担心受到惩罚，他设法按时完成工作。
Send us a message in case you have any difficulty（＝in case of any difficulty）．万一有什么困难，请给我们一个信。 He rises early lest he should be late．他早起，以免迟到。
He would have started，but that ／only that it rained．（but that ＋从句可置于主句前或后， only that仅放于主句后）若不是下雨，他早就动身了。
Susan is walking slowly as if she were tired．苏珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。
4) 建议、主张、命令、紧要等概念的词语虚拟语气词在主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中用（should ）+动词原形。考点在：常用的动词有：suggest, propose, desire, request, advise, command, demand, insist, require, order, recommend, beg, prefer, pray(请求), move(提议), maintain(主张), stipulate(规定), direct(命令)等。常用的形容词有：necessary, important, essential, desirable, advisable, imperative(迫切的), urgent, preferable, vital, insistent(坚持的), crucial(紧要关头的)，strange(不可思议的)等。常用的分词有：suggested, proposed, demanded, required, requested, desired, ordered, recommended, insisted, asked, resolved等。常用的名词有：suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request, recommendation, requirement, insistence, stipulation, necessity, command等。
5）在would rather，wish，as if，it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望, 从句的谓语动词用一般过去式。 例如：
A．虚拟语气在规则条件句中的应用：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he _____in good health now. （200306-15）
A. would be B. would have been C. will have been D. will be
答案：B
B．虚拟语气混合条件句中的应用：
1) ________a little earlier this morning ! I missed the school bus by only one minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour. （200312-14）
A. If only I had got up B. If had got up C. If only I get up D. If I got up
2) He talks about Rome as though he ______there himself. （200406-14）
A. was B. were C. had been D. has been
答案：1）A，2）C
C．特殊的虚拟语气词（should ）+do
1）在主语从句中的应用：
It is requested that you ____a speech at the opening ceremony. （200306-14）
A. have given B. will give C. gave D. give
答案：D
D．在宾语从句中的应用：
The teacher recommended that each student _____a plan for the summer vacation. （200212-15）
A. would make B. made C. make D. makes
答案：C
E．在同位语从句中的应用：
His proposal that the money ____to build a nursery school was accepted. （200506-21）
A. was used B. should be used C. were used D. would be used
答案：B
补充练习：
1) I’d rather you _____ anything about it to anyone for the time being.
A. wouldn’t say B. hadn’t say C. didn’t say D. shouldn’t say
2) He offered to write it out for her, lest she ______ it.
A. should forget B. would get C. forgot D. forgets
3) It was proposed that this matter ______ at the next meeting.
A. would be considered B. would have been considered
C. should have been considered D. be considered
4) _______ no electronic computers, there would have been no artificial satellites or rockets.
A. Had there been B. if there were C. Should there be D. If there are
5) Without computer, we _____ such tremendous medical advances in the last few decades.
A. would no have made B. could not make
C. should not make D. must not have made
6) But for electricity, the whole world_______.
A. Had not developed so rapidly B. would not have developed so rapidly
C. did not develop so rapidly D. has not been developed so rapidly
7) The chairman requested that _______.
A. the members studied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with more carefulness the problem more carefully
D. the members study the problem more carefully
8) _______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied more B. If he were studying to a greater degree
C. Had he studied more D. Studying more
9) ______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
10) Look at the clock! It’s time ______ home.
A. we’ll go B. we went C. we’re going D. we would go
11) It was ordered that ______ put in order.
A. the classroom to be B. the classroom be C. the classroom to D. the classroom was
12) Jane appears as though she ______ the secret.
A. knows B. has known C. is knowing D. knew
13) ______ the fog, we should have reached our destinations.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for
14) We must stop now. It is time we ______ home.
A. have gone B. are going C. were going D. will go
15) ______ what you intended, I should not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you.
A. I realized B. Should I realized C. Had I realized D. I had realized
答案： 1-5: C A D A A 6-10: B D C C B 11-15: B D D C C
5. 倒装结构
倒装、省略、特殊句型（强调句型等）为轮考或选考，题数1-2题。一般只考部分倒装。
考点：
1）以否定词never, little, nowhere, rarely, seldom, scarcely, hardly, no sooner, in no case, at no time, on no account, under no circumstances, by no means等开头等引导的句子作部分倒装。如以下句子：
Never did I have that experience before.
At no time and in no circumstances should we place our personal interest first.
在任何时候、任何情况下我们都不应该把个人利益放在首位。
No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.
2）only+状语位于句首表示强调；如：
Only after you have received the telegram can you know the time of his arrival.
Only once did his father discuss his future with him.
3) 当句首为一些频度状语，如：often, many a time, long等。
Often did we warn them not to do so.
Many a time has Mike given me good advice.
真题演练：
1) We have been told that under no circumstances ___ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.
A. we could use B. may we use C. we may use D. did we use （200406-17）
2) On no account ______to anyone who works in the company. （200506-25）
A. must mention my name B. my name must mention
C. my name must be mentioned D. must my name be mentioned
3) Only after hundred of experiments ___in solving the problem. （200306-17）
A. had they succeeded B. they did succeed C. did they succeed D. they had succeeded
4) Never before that night _______ so great my responsibility was. (200312-17)
A. I had felt B. I felt C. did I felt D. had I felt
5) Only in a few countries _______ a reasonable standard of living. (200512-13)
A. does the whole population enjoy B. do the whole population enjoy
C. the whole population enjoys D. the whole population enjoy
答案：答案：1）B，2）D, 3) C, 4) D, 5) A
补充练习：
1) ______notebook and report that I promised you last week.
A. Here is the B. Here are the C. Is here the D. Are here the
2) _____ a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly.
A. If he took B. If he has taken C. Had he taken D. Should he take
3) Beneath our feet ____ that our life depends on for food and clothing.
A. the earth lay B. the earth lies C. lie the earth D. lies the earth 4) _____ the beginning of the 19th century did scientists know that all matter is made up of atoms.
A. At B. By C. Up to D. Not until
5) On no account _____ to anyone
A. my name must be mentioned B. must my name mention
C. must my name be mentioned D. my name must mention
6) Not until I shouted at the top of my voice _____ his head.
A. that he turned B. did he turn C. he didn't turn D. he had turned 7) Only in recent years _____ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.
A. people have B. since people have C. have people D. people who have
8) _____ that this region was so rich in natural resources.
A. Little he knew B. Little did he know C. Little he did know D. Little he had know
9) ______ received law degrees as today.
A. Never so women have B. The women aren't ever
C. Women who have never D. Never have so many women
10) Often _______ to a nearby park in the past.
A. did we take a walk B. we take a walk C. we took a walk D. we did take a walk
答案：1-5: B C D D A 6-10: B C B D A
6. 主谓一致:
该项考查较少, 但仍有所涉及。考生复习时要注意主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致、概念一致和就近原则。
语法一致可能考查
a. 当主语为单数时，即便是后续或插入由with, along with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, rather than, more than, like, besides, but, except, in addition to 引导的短语，谓语仍用单数。如：
An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.
Nobody but John and George was there.
b. 主语由 “a portion of, a series of, a kind of 等+名词”够成时，谓语动词用单数。
c. 主语由 “either/neither of +复数名词（或代词）”结构担任时，谓语用单数。
d. 由and 或both„and„连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
概念一致是指：集合名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要与主语的概念一致；all, most, some, half, none 后续“of +单数名词”，谓语动词用单数，若后续“of+复数名词”，谓语动词用复数形式。
就近原则是指在以下几种情况下，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于它毗邻的主语。
a. 并列连词or, either„or„, neither„nor„, not only„but also„连接的两个主语。
b. each„and each„, every „and every„, no„and no„后续单数形式的谓语动词
c. “many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词采取单数形式。
真题演练：
1) Every means ___tried, but we still cannot solve this problem. （200212-28）
A. is B. have been C. are D. has been
2) The package containing books and records______ last week. （200306-23）
A. was delivering B. was delivered C. were delivering D. were delivered
答案：1）D，2）B
补充练习：
1. _______is to attend our evening.
A. Both the singer and the dance B. Either the singer or dancers
C. The singer or dancers D. The singer and dancer
2. No one except two students _______the meeting.
A. has been late for B .have been late for C. was late for D. were later for
3. Interest, as well as prospects, _______important when one looks for a job.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
4. The president, accompanied by his assistants, _______.
A. have arrived B. are arriving C .had arrived D. has arrived
5. The majority of doctors _______ smoking is harmful to health.
A .are believed B. had believed C. has believe D. believe 6. Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe, indeed the whole human society _______ to alter its attitude
to racial problems.
A. need B needs C. has a need D. have a need
7. _______was wrong.
A. Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacher
C. Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher
8. “_______twenty dollars a big sum to her?”
“I suppose so.”
A. Will be B. Is C. Are D. Were.
9. Three hours _______ enough for us to finish the task.
A. are B. has C. is D. were
10. Most of his savings _______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
A. has been kept B. is being kept C. have kept D. have been kept
11. All that can be done_______.
A. has done B. has been done C. have done D. have been done
12. One or perhaps more pages_______.
A. is missing B. has been missed C. are missing D. was missing
13. More than one worker _______ dismissed.
A. have been B. are C. has been D. has
14. Many a student _______ the importance of learning a foreign language.
A. have realized B. has realize C. have been realized D. has been realized
15. The gas works _______ near the city.
A .is B. are C. were D. be
答案：1-5: D C C D D 6-10: B D B C D 11-15: B C C B A
三级词汇
1. abide by(=be faithful to；
obey)忠于；遵守。
2. be absent from…。 缺席，
不在
3. absence or mind(=being
absent-minded) 心不在焉
4. absorb(=take up the
attention of)吸引…的注意力(被
动语态)be absorbed in 全神贯
注于…近be engrossed in；be
lost in；be rapt in ；be
concentrated on；be focused
on；be centered on
5. (be) abundant in(be rich in；
be well supplied with) 富于，
富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词)
能接近，进入，了解
7. by accident(=by chance，
accidentally)偶然地，意外。
Without accident(=safely) 安
全地，
8. of one's own
accord(=without being asked；
willingly；freely)自愿地 ，主动
地
9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据 12. on one's own account：1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益；2) (=at one's own risk) 自行负责；3) (=by oneself)依靠自己：on account 赊账；on account of 因为；on no account不论什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明。 16. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。 17. on no account(=in no - 1 - case，for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with；blame sb. for sth.；blame sth. on sb.；complain about) 指控，控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of，be used to)习惯于。 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解； (=to have met socially ) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行，按照…行动； act as 扮演； act for 代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之 25. in addition to(=as well as，besides，other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by，
conform to，comply with，
cling to，insist on，pe rsist in，
observe，opinion，belief ) 粘
附；坚持，遵循
27. adjacent(=next to， close
to) 毗邻的， 临近的
28. adjust……(to) (=change
slightly)调节； 适应；
29. admit of (=be capable of，
leave room for) …的可能，留
有…的余地。
30. in advance (before in time)
预告，事先。
31. to advantage 有利的，使优
点更加突出地。
32. have an advantage over胜
过。have the advantage of 由
于…处于有利条件 have the
advantage of sb.知道某人所不
知道的事
33. take advantage of (=make
the best of，utilize，make use
of，profit from，harness)利用。
34. agree with 赞同(某人意见)
agree to 同意
35. in agreement (with) 同意，
一致 36. ahead of 在…之前，超过…；ahead of time 提前。 37. in the air：1)不肯定，不具体；2)在谣传中。 38. above all (=especially，most important of all) 尤其是，最重要的。 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything， altogether) 总共，总计 40. after all 毕竟，到底；(not) at all一点也不；all at once(=suddenly)突然；once and for all 只此一次；above all 最重要的；first of all 首先；all in all 大体上说；be all in 累极了；all but 几乎。 41. allow for (=take into consideration， take into account) 考虑到， 估计到 . 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for， be liable for， take charge for) 对…负- 2 - 责。 44. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。 45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安； 或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁。 appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请；apply for申请； apply to 适用。 49. apply to 与…有关；适用 50. approve of (=consent to， be in favor of， favor， agree to， consider good， right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准 51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起。 52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做… 53. arrive on 到达； arrive at 到达某地(小地方)；得出，作出； arrive in 到达某地(大地方)； 54. be ashamed of (=feel
shame， guilt or sorrow
because of sth. done) 以… 为
羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to
cause to believe or trust in
sth.) 向…保证， 使…确信。
56. attach(to) (=to fix， fasten；
join) 缚， 系 ，结
57. make an attempt at doing
sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one's
attention， care and thought)
注意，照顾；attend
on(upon)(=wait upon， serve，
look after) 侍候，照料
59. attitude to toward …对…的
态度。看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe
sth. to be the result of…)
把……归因于……，认为…是…
的结果
61. on the average (=on
average， on an average) 平
均
62. (be) aware of (=be
conscious of ， having
knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。 63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面 64. in the back of 在…后部(里面)；on the back of 在…后部(外面)；be on one's back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。 65. at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护； have sb. at one 's back 有…支持， 有…作后台 66. turn one's back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃 67. behind one's back 背着某人(说坏话) 68. be based on upon 基于 69. on the basis of 根据…， 在…基础上 70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢 71. begin with 以…开始。 to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语) - 3 - 72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义 73. believe in(=have faith or trust in； consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。 74. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。 75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处) 76. for the better 好转 77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。 78. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时； give birth to 出生 79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上 80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 81. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机 82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘 83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words
as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地，不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事。
88. be busy with sth.于某事 .
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二。
90. but for (=without) 要不是。
表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多
少钱买
92. be capable of 能够， 有能
力 be capable of being +过去
分词是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or
money， at any rate， at any
price， at any cost ，
whatever happens； anyhow)
无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万
一；
95. in case of (=in the event of)
如果发生…万一 in the case of
至于…， 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都
不(放句首倒装句) 97. be cautious of 谨防 98. center one's attention on(=focus one's attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上 99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。 100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地 101. by chance(=accidentally， by accident)偶然 102. for a change换换环境(花样等) 103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… 104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管 105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾) 106. charge…for 因…索取(费用) ， charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有… 107. round the clock(=all day and all night， usually without - 4 - stopping) 昼夜不停地 108. comment on 评论 109. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱； commit one's idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来； commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论 110. in common (和…)有共同之处，共用。 be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的 111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好。 112. compare…with … 把…与…比较 113. compare…to… 把…比作… 114. by comparison 比较起来 115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来 116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿， 赔偿，弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿，弥补
117. complain of (or about)抱
怨；诉苦；控告；complain about
抱怨某人或事情； complain to
sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人
抱怨…； complain (抱怨)；
complement (补充)；
compliment (恭维)
118. comply with (=act in
accordance with a demand，
order， rule etc.) 遵守， 依从
119. conceive of (think of，
imagine， consider) 想象，设
想
120. concentrate on (or upon)
集中，专心
121. be concerned with
(=about) 与…有关
122. concern oneself about
with 关心
123. in conclusion(=as the
last thing)最后一点； at the
conclusion of 当…结束时；
124. condemn sb. to 判决
125. on condition that (=if)
以…为条件， 假如。 in that =
because因为； now that =
since既然 for all that = although 尽管 126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态 127. confess(to)(=admit a fault， crime， or sth. wrong)承认， 供认； confess to a crime 承认罪行。 128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret) 对…讲真心话， 依赖 129. in confidence 推心置腹地； with confidence 满怀信心地； have confidence in 对…有信心 130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…的信赖 131. be confident of 有信心； confidential 机密的 132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内 133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等) - 5 - 134. conform to (=be in agreement with， comply with) 符合，遵照，遵守；1)obey 服从； 2) observe； 3)comply with照…办； 4)keep to遵循； 5)abide by服从；6)stick to按……做 135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对， 面临 136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺 137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于， 138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道 139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意 140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果 141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果 142. under consideration 在考虑中 143. in consideration of (=in return for， on account of， because of )由于
144. on no consideration(in
no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration
(=take account of， take…into
account)考虑到， 把 …考虑进
去
146. considerate (=thoughtful
of the needs) 体贴的， 考虑他
人需要的， considerable相当
大的，值得考虑的
147. consist of(=be composed
of)由…组成的。 consist in主要
在于。 consist with符合，与…
一致
148. be consistent with(=be in
agreement with)与…一致。 be
consistent in一贯的 ，
149. consult sb. on about sth.
向…征求…方面的意见， 就…
向…请教
150. to one's heart's content
尽情地，痛痛快快
作者：dennear发表日期：
2007-01-30 19:04:16第 2 楼
151. be content with(=be
satisfied with) 满足于be
content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与…相反 153. on the contrary 相反 154. contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照) 155. in contrast towith 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下 156. contribute to 有助于。 157. under control (被)控制住 out of control无法控制 158. at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对…方便 159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain； to persuade sb.) 使某人确信，try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做… 160. cope with(=deal with， try to find a solution to)应付， 处理 161. in the corner(of)在角落里；on(at) the comer of a street- 6 - 在街道拐弯处；round the comer拐过弯； be in a tight corner陷入困境 162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信 163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合，一致 164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以…为代价 165. a matter of course 理所当然的事 166. as a matter of course 当然地， 自然地 167. in (during) the course 在…过程中 168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久， 到一定时候 169. on credit赊购； with credit以优异成绩； to one's credit使某人感到光荣； do sb. credit 使…感到光荣 170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的 171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治
好某人的疾病
172.a danger to对…的危险；
be in danger(of)处于…危险中；
be out of danger脱离危险
173. to date(=so far， until
now) 到目前为止
174. out of date过时的；up to
date新式的，时兴的； date
back to可追溯到； date from
从某时期开始(有)
175. deal with (=concern) 论
及
176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债
177. on the decline 在衰退中，
在减少中 in decline 下降； on
the increase 在增加
178. to one's delight 令某人感
到高兴 to one's regret 遗憾；
sorrow悲痛； relief 安心；
distress 苦恼； shame羞愧；
surprise 惊奇； astonishment
惊奇；
179. delight in(=take great
pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢，
取乐
180. take (a) delight in 喜欢
干…， 以…为乐 181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西。 demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西 182.in demand有需求；on demand受到要求时 183. be dependent on 依靠 184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…取得，由…来的。derive from(=come from)起源于 186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望 187. in despair 绝望 188. despite (=in spite of) 不管， 尽管 189. in detail 详细地 190. deviate from 偏离， 不按…办 191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食， 节食 192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于… - 7 - 193. in difficulties…有困难，处境困难 194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇， 开除 195. fall back (=retreat， turn back) 撤退； in disorder 慌乱地， 狼狈不堪 196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列 197. dispose of (=get rid of ，throw away)处理掉 198. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议 199. in dispute 在争议中 200. in the distance 在远处。 make out 辩认出
1. 形容词、副词
形容词和副词为每年三级考试必考题目，所考单词全部出自考纲所要求的3550个基础词汇，主要考查学生对单词意义的准确把握，以及单词的相关搭配。每年的考题中通常会有两道题目，一道考查形容词，另外一道考查副词。
真题演练：
1）The young officer was very ______with the new soldier in their training . （200406-15）
A. hard B. strict C. serious D. hostile
2）There are no tickets ______for Saturday’s concert. （200506-26）
A. preferable B. favorable C. available D. considerable
3) It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge.
A) intensive B) ineffective C) extensive D)expensive (200512-22)
4) We need someone really _____ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly. (200512-26)
A) effective B) efficient C) essential D) executive
5）Let's hang up some nice paintings on these _____ walls of the great hall. (200512-29)
A) blank B) bare C) empty D) vacant
6）She is one of the newest film stars from America and has many fans, _____ in Europe. (200312-13)
A) specially B) particularly C) partially D) specifically
7）They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping in the chemical plant.
A) fruitful B) beneficial C) effective D) influential (200312-16)
8）John and Edwards are, ______, the producer and director of the film that won the prize just now.
A. definitely B. relatively C. collectively D. respectively (200406-13）
9) It is ______ impossible to find a good educational computer program in this part of the country.
A. merely B. barely C. hardly D. nearly (200506-31)
10) Over ten people died and twenty people were _______ wounded in the train crash. (200606-20)
A. eventually B. urgently C. bitterly D. seriously
答案：1）B，2）C，3）C， 4）B，5）B，6）B，7）C，8）D，9）D，10）D
补充练习：
1) He is not really ill, but he has a ______ headache.
A. obvious B. delicate C. slight D. temporary
2) Some ______ friends helped John to get a good job.
A. capable B. effective C. efficient D. powerful
3) The winds today will be light and _____.
A. varied B. various C. variable D. valuable
4）She is very ______ about what she wears and eats.
A. popular B. specific C. special D. particular
5) He was quite ________ about his future in the company.
A. pessimistic B. optional C. ambitious D. confident
6) Noise is unpleasant, _______ when you are trying to sleep.
A. surely B. exclusively C. generally D. especially
7) Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ______ sicknesses.
A. normal B. regular C. average D. ordinary
8) Having heard so much about Mr. Smith, they were ______ to meet and have a chat with him.
A. eager B. desperate C. urgent D. earnest
9) The mild boiled over and there was a _____ smell of burning.
A. horrible B. beautiful C. hostile D. bitter
10) Johnny was very ______ and preferred not to talk about his achievement.
A. modest B. impatient C. indifferent D. mysterious
11) We had ______rain this summer.
A. considerate B. considerable C. conservative D. consistent
12) Although only of ______ intelligence, he speaks four foreign languages fluently.
A. average B. middle C. minor D. slow
13) ______, many workers who have been laid off are the victims of the bad management in the company.
A. Scarcely B. Undoubtedly C. Directly D. Largely
14) The hero in the story is an ______ character.
- 1 -
A. imagine B. imaginary C. imaginative D. imagination
15) The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was terrible, so I was ______.
A. confused B. nervous C. shameful D. embarrassed
16. The doctor found the patient’s blood pressure remained _______ at all time.
A. constant B. continuous C. continual D. available
17. Our public transportation is not _______ for the need of the people in our major cities.
A. excessive B. additional C. efficient D. adequate
18. –I’d like to have a table for four at 6 o’clock.
–I am sorry. There are no tables ______ this evening.
A. available B. favorable C. ready D. prepared
19. In teaching it is highly ______ to know exactly what one is hoping to achieve.
A. unable B. reliable C. unreasonable D. desirable
20. There were _________ 9,997 people at the opening ceremony of the games.
A. approximately B. nearly C. apparently D. exactly
答案：1-5: C D C D D 6-10: D D A A A
11-15: B A B D A 16-20: A D A D D
2．动词、动词短语
动词也是每年三级考试必考题目，所考单词全部出自考纲所要求的3550个基础词汇，即有单独考查单词意义的题目，也有考查动词意义及其搭配的题目，复习时应该注意动词的相关搭配和用法。每年的考题中通常会有2-3道题目，但从四川省2006年12月的考题来看，比例有所增加。值得注意的是，考题一般不会单纯考查词汇，通常会将语法知识点如被动语态结合在一起考查。
真题演练：
1）The investigation has _____some serious faults in the operation system of the assembly line.
A. revealed B. involved C. encountered D. recovered (200406-32)
2）Features such as height , weight and skin color _____from individual to individual and from face to face .
A. alter B. vary C. change D. convert (200506-19)
3) Some animals can _______ in the desert on very little water. (200306-27)
A. relax B. conquer C. survive D. recover
4) In this university, the best students are ______ special scholarships every year. (200306-29)
A. impressed B. exerted C. favored D. awarded
5) The solution to the problems ______ social and political reforms. (200306-31)
A. sticks to B. lies in C. stands for D. goes through
6) At such a time of crisis, we must try to ______ differences of party or class and stick together.
A. set forth B. set back C. set aside D. set down (200312-26)
7) A soldier should never _______ from the duty of defending his county even in the face of death.
A. shrink B. shield C. shelter D. avoid (200312-32)
8) Looking through my drawers I ______ the missing papers. (200406-26)
A. came over B. came across C. came through D. came to
9) Eating too much food can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. (200506-17)
A. contribute to B. refer to C. attend to D. devote to
10) We hoped to be able to complete the task at the end of the month, but things did not _____ as we had expected.
A. work over B. work on C. work at D. work out (200306-19) 答案：1）A，2）B, 3）C， 4）D，5）B，6）C，7）A，8）B，9）A，10）D
补充练习：
1) Their marriage ended with ______ at last because of the age ago.
A. divorce B. register C. panel D. restore
2) What do you _____ to do about the problem now that this solution has failed?
A. attempt B. think C. pretend D. intend
3) Is there anyone who ______ the plans put forward by the committee?
A. differs B. opposes C. disagrees D. refuses
4) The ability to use a language can be ______ only by the act of using the language.
A. acquired B. inquired C. required D. acquitted
5) The restaurant is busy on Sundays, so I will phone up today and _______ a table.
A. reserve B. preserve C. observe D. deserve
- 2 -
6) He has been ______ of murdering his wife.
A. blamed B. charged C. accused D. arrested
7) I’ve ______ for the job and I hope I could get it.
A. appointed B. applied C. presented D. succeeded
8) Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_______.
A. hurt B. damaged C. spoiled D. harmed
9) The Chinese Red Cross _______ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.
A. assigned B. contributed C. furnished D. administered
10) Our company decided to _______ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.
A. destroy B. resist C. assume D. cancel
11) The experiment he made last week ______ that theory.
A. committed B. confirmed C. considered D. concerned
12) We must ______ that the telegram arrives in time.
A. secure B. assure C. insure D. ensure
13) Marty’s music teacher ______ him for the school band.
A. recommended B. employed C. promoted D. specialized
14) We were tired of hearing him _______ about how strong he was.
A. exclaim B. speak C. remark D. boast
15) He _______ to hit me if I didn’t do as he said.
A. pretended B. thought C. threatened D. warned
16) She doesn’t ______ to speak her mind.
A. object B. hesitate C. pause D. prepare
17) It would be easier to _______ the outcome of the game, if the teams were not so evenly matched.
A. argue B. discuss C. predict D. influence
18) He couldn’t even _______ a cow from a horse.
A. tell B. contrast C. compare D. recognize
19) I was told that this cloth would not ______ in the wash, but it did.
A. decrease B. shorten C. reduce D. shrink
20) We asked high school student to _______ in an anti-drugs campaign.
A. remain B. resist C. participate D. attend
21) Science has _______ great changes in our daily life.
A. brought up B. brought forward C. brought out D. brought about
22) Her teacher has ______ her essay and found sit spelling mistakes.
A. looked through B. looked into C. looked up D. looked after
23) I could just see a car in the distance; but I could not _____ what color it was.
A. take in B. look over C. make out D. see through
24) The gas ______ an unpleasant smell.
A. set off B. went off C. put off D. gave off
25) Poor as he was, he was honest, and ______ every offer of help.
A. gave out B. turned down C. called off D. looked through
26) The old man has _______ two wars and three revolutions.
A. left for B. lived through C. fought against D. looked through
27) We have already______ too much of your valuable time.
A. taken away B. taken in C. taken over D. taken up
28) The factory will have to ______ workers if its orders keep on decreasing.
A. hand over B. lay off C. hand in D. turn down
29) It’s hard work but if you ______ you’ll succeed in the end.
A. hand in B. hang in C. hand on D. hang on
30) Mr. Brown lost his job last month so the family had to ________on expenses
A. cut off B. cut out C. cut back D. cut down
答案： 1-5: A D B A A 6-10: C A C B D 11-15: B D A D C
16-20: B C A D C 21-25: D A C D A 26-30: B D B D D
3．名词
三级考试对名词的考查每年不是很固定，但几乎都有一道题目。如2004年6月考查一道题目，2006年6月考
查一道题目，2006年12月考查了二道题目，名词的考查具有以下特征：一般不会和语法结合进行考查，如名词的数；所考查的名词一般是由动词转化而来的名词；比较容易考察意义相近的名词之间的区别; 可能会考查以名词为中心词的习惯用语，固定搭配。考生做这类题没有什么诀窍，只要具备较扎实的词汇知识，得分相对容易。 真题演练：
1）The doctor told Alice that too much ______ to the sun is bad for her skin.
A. exposure B. extension C. exhibition D. expansion （200306-25）
2）He gave his listeners a vivid ______ of what he had experienced in the country.
A. condition B. occupation C. description D. situation （200506-24）
3) A railway ticket should indicate the place of departure as well as the ______ of the trip.（200312-21）
A. advance B. arrival C. direction D. destination
4）George has prepared carefully for his driving test so that he might pass it on his first ______.
A. purpose B. attention C. attempt D. desire （200406-21）
答案：1）A，2）C, 3）D， 4）C，
补充练习：
1) What _______ should we adopt to find out thief?
A. principle B. measure C. recommendation D. procedure
2) It is a(an)_______ to call a man a liar if you know he is not.
A. mistake B. crime C. insult D. nonsense
3) You have a marvelous ______ of the whole island from the top of the tower.
A. view B. scenery C. vision D. scene
4) She loves traveling, and it is her ______ to travel round the world.
A. tendency B. opinion C. anxiety D. ambition
5) At the universities of Oxford and Cambridge the ______ of teachers to students is very high.
A. ratio B. number C. percentage D. proportion
6) A space shuttle(航天飞机) is a _____ that takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.
A. vehicle B. carriage C. transport D. compartment
7) The demonstrators demanded that foreign troops ______ from the country.
A. resign B. suspend C. deposit D. withdraw
8) The discovery of oil can bring great ______ to a country.
A. property B. wealth C. purchase D. belongings
9) Literature is a ______ of endless pleasure to many thousands.
A. religion B. source C. origin D. resource
10) This is the latest attempt to find a peaceful _____ to the troubles in the area.
A. method B. solution C. revolution D. pollution
11) They are working on a _______ to prevent trouble ate football grounds.
A. solution B. schedule C. measurement D. scheme
12) The ______ of the trees in the water was very clear.
A. sight B. reflection C. shadow D. picture
13) It’s my birthday, and we are going to celebrate the ______ by having a few friends in for the evening.
A. moment B. occasion C. period D. instance
14) They escaped to Paris with the _______ of becoming painters.
A. intention B. attention C. imagination D. consideration
15) Before John started to operate the new machine, he read the _______ carefully so that he made no mistakes.
A. informations B. indications C. instructions D. publications
16) That Shelley became a poet may have been due to his mother’s _______.
A. education B. effect C. literacy D. influence
17) From our conversation, I got the _______ that he was not satisfied with his present job.
A. impressions B. emotion C. expression D. reputation
18) The accidents happened because too little ______ was placed on the safety regulation.
A. emphasis B. importance C. weights D. seriousness
19) The _______ on international economic problems met in Geneva last Monday.
A. references B. inference C. conference D. difference
20) Rebuilding the canal has already brought many ______ to our national economy.
A. interests B. developments C. advances D. benefits
答案： 1-5: C C A D A 6-10: A D B B B 11-15: D B B A C 16-20: D A A C D
4．介词及介词短语:
介词及介词短语每年必考，考查的题目在1-2题之间，但考查的方式较多：
1) 与动词搭配，构成短语，但考查的核心在介词上，如以下一些短语： account for, benefit from/by, come across, contribute to, apply for, consist in, differ from, interfere in, result from, get through, insist on, lie in, live through, persist in, stick to, stand for, turn to, vary with, work on, vary from, stand by, keep to, rely on, run into, see through, take to等；
2）与动词、副词连用，构成动词+副词+介词的结构，如以下一些短语：come up with, face up to, live up to, look down upon, make up for, stand up for, come up to, cut down on, go in for, keep up with, put up with, stand up to, give in to等；
3）动词+（宾语）+介词+（宾语）的结构也常考，如以下一些短语：accuse„of„, accustom oneself to„, apply„ to, attribute„ to„, compare„ with„, convince„of„, tell„from„, charge„with„, devote oneself to„, prevent„from„, separate„from„, remind„of„ derive„from„, owe„to„, prefer„to„, warn„of„, think of„as„等；
4）形容词与介词的搭配， 如：capable of, adapted to, concerned about, absorbed in, accustomed to, anxious for„ conscious of, content with, exposed to, inclusive of, known for, favorable to, involved in, responsible for, similar to, subject to, superior to, strict with等；
5）名词和介词的搭配，如：access to, approach to, confidence in, desire for, impression on, interference in, comment on, dependence on, influence on, reply to, respect for, sympathy with/for, shelter from, tendency to/towards, comparison with, attitude to 等；
6）介词短语： apart from, according to, as a result of, as regards, at the cost of, at the sight of, by means of, for the sake of, in charge of, in favor of, in spite of, in the event of, on the ground of, thanks to, with respect to, as to, at the risk of, in virtue of, due to, in addition to, in case of, in honor of, in place of, with regard to, in view of, on the basis of, regardless of, within the reach of, at a loss, at any cost, at no time, at times, by all means, after all, as a matter of fact, at a time, at all events, at most, at least, by accident/chance, by no means, in case, in detail, in particular, on a large scale, on purpose, out of sight, to the point, without question, in a word, in brief, in effect, in no way, out of control, under repair, up to date, without exception, by the way, in sum, on duty, on the whole, out of place, under age, in sequence 等；
真题演练：
1) Many northerners find it difficult to get accustomed_____ the hot Sichuan food. （200406-23）
A. against B. for C. with D. to
2) There is not much time left; so I will tell you about it________. （200312-19）
A. in short B. in detail C. in brief D. in all
3) If the newcomer won’t cooperate on the mountain-climbing, leave him______. （200306-13）
A. behind B. over C. off D. out
4) What he said just now had little to do with the question________ discussion. （200506-28）
A. under B. at C. in D. on
5) They hold different opinions______ whether the giant panda belongings to the bear family or not.
A. as to B. as regards C. as far as D. as well as （200306-22） 答案： 1）D，2）B, 3）A， 4）A，5)A
补充练习：
1) It’s ________ to ask Mr. Blake for help. He is too busy.
A. out of question B. beyond question C. out of the question D. in question
2) The losses _______ leakage past the pistons can be ignored since they are negligible.
A. due to B. thanks to C. since D. as
3) ________ the higher capital expenditure(支出) involved, the machine may prove more economical in the long run.
A. in spite of B. Besides C. Except for D. Apart from
4) ________ the earth, none of the planets is inhabited.
A. apart from B. Besides C. Except that D. Except
5) ________ the high temperatures special alloys are used.
A. in account of B. On account of C. Thanks to D. Because
6) The mayor has told his friends that he is sick but will not admit it _______ public.
A. on B. to C. in D. by
7) I spoke to him _____ his low marks.
A. with regard B. with regards to C. with regard to D. with regards
8) A floating nuclear plant is planned for construction _______ the coast of New Jersey.
A. off B. of C. in D. out
9) John left school and went to work ______ his family.
A. for the sake of B. because C. since D. by reason of
10) If ______ you see Henry, tell him I want to see him.
A. on chance B. by chance C. on the chance D. by the chance
11) ________ the fog, we should have reached our destination.
A. Because of B. in spite of C. In case of D. But for
12) It’s on the top shelf, out of ______.
A. distance B. reach C. touch D. attempt
13) Thousands of people from other countries entered USA ______ New York.
A. By means of B. by the way C. by way of D. in the way of
14) _______ your poor record in school, we think you should study harder.
A. in spite of B. in charge of C. in view of D. in case of
15. We would contact your relatives _______ any accident occurring.
A. in the place of B. in spite of C. in the event of D. on account of
16. Whoever has skills and knowledge should be properly treated and rewarded _______ his educational background.
A. despite of B. let alone C. regardless of D. on account of
17. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.
A. all in all B. above all C. after all D. over all
18. Take an umbrella _______ of rain.
A. in any case B. in case C. owing to D. in the case
19. He got up to the roof ______ a ladder.
A. by all means B. by any means C. by means of D. by no means
20. _______ his bad conduct, he was dismissed from the position.
A. In the event of B. In consequence of C. in contrast to D. in excess of
答案：1-5: C A A D B 6-10: C C A A B 11-15: D B C C C 16-20: C B B C B
（二）语法部分考点
就历年真题分析，语法结构占20题中的60%，即12题。
1. 非谓语动词
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词）是词汇与结构考试中语法部分的重中之重，每次考查题目总在3-4个左右。考查点：
1）现在分词主要考查：
a. 现在分词作定语；b. 现在分词作状语（尤其是伴随状语和原因状语; c. 现在分词独立结构（表示原因、表示条件、表示方式或伴随）；d. 不仅要知道现在分词的一般形式，而且要知道现在分词时式和语态的变化；e. 现在分词的否定形式 f. 垂悬的现在分词(注意将其和分词作状语区分开来。
2）过去分词主要考查：过去分词作定语；
3) 动名词主要考查：a. 动名词的复合结构； b. 动名词作主语（it作形式主语的用法）；c. 动名词时态和语态的变化；d. 动名词作宾语是考查的重点，主要有以下几种情况：
a)英语中有些动词后面只能跟动名词作它的宾语 。这类动词常见的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practice，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。
b)动名词在demand, deserve, need, require, want等动词后面作宾语时，表示被动的意思。
c)动名词作介词宾语
动名词作介词宾语，并且和介词构成介词短语。
d)有些短语动词和结构后面也要求跟动名词作宾语 .这样的短语动词常见的有：feel like，give up，go on，object/objection to，put off，keep on，insist on，leave off，look forward to，think of, can't help, be/get used to, spend...in , have difficulty in, have trouble/a hard time in, there be no need, confess to等。
e)有些动词既可以加动名词，又可以加不定式，两者在意义上有差别。 这些动词有：forget, like, remember, regret, try等。
4）不定式主要考查：a. 不定式的时式和语态的变化，尤其是一般式的被动语态和完成式的被动语态；b. 不定式作宾语（动词不定式作宾语补足语）、定语的用法；c. 不定式作结果状语和目的状语；d. 不带to 的不定式的用法。（该部分涉及的语法知识点较多，本书不能一一列举，考生查阅语法书籍，弄清楚以上语法知识点，方能在考试中立于不败之地）
非谓语动词可以从以下几个方面应试：
A. 根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词；
B. 非谓语动同同主句谓语动词动作发生的先后关系。动作正在进行的用现在分词进行式，同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在分词一般式或过去分词；在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式、不定式完成式；发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式；
C. 表状态多用分词，表目的多用不定式。
真题演练：
1) When you make a public speech, try your best to make yourself clearly______.
A. understand B. understanding C. understood D. to understand （200212-26）
2) There____ nothing to say, the secretary got to her feet and left the room. (200306-18）
A. is B. being C. was D. having
3) I feel like ____to the landlord of the house to complain about the broken window.
A. writing B. write C. to write D. to have written （200212-24）
4) There seems something wrong with my camera. It needs_______. （200406-31）
A. being repaired B. repairing C. to repair D. repaired
5) We suggested sleeping in hotels but the children were anxious ___ out. （200306-26）
A. camped B. to camp C. camping D. to camping
6) Over thirty coal miners were reported ______ in that shocking accident. （200312-22）
A. to be killed B. to have been killed C. having been killed D. being killed
7) Many people lay face down on the beach, their backs ______ to the sun. （200406-16）
A. exposed B. exposing C. were exposed D. are exposed
8) I have no objection _____ the evening with them. （200506-16）
A. to spend B. to spending C. spending D. of spending
9) _____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of English is poor. （200512-15）
A) Were other things equal C) Other things being equal
B) To be equal to other things D) Other things to be equal
10) The student in glasses confessed to _____ the final English exam for another student. （200512-30）
A) take B) taking C) have taken D) having taken
答案：1）C，2）B, 3）A，4）B, 5）B，6）B, 7) A, 8) D, 9) C, 10) D
补充练习：
1) Is Mr. Smith a suitable person _______ over the job?
A. to take B. taking C. taken D. takes
2) Do you mean to risk ______ cold by going out now that it has started pouring with rain?
A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught
3) Suddenly we felt the atmosphere ______ tense.
A. grew B. to grow C. grown D. grow
4) You can have your tape record ______ in the shop over there.
A. repairing B. to repair C. repaired D. repair
5) You can't avoid ______ .
A. to make mistakes B. making mistakes C. in making mistakes D. from making mistakes
6) He is looking forward to ______ his holiday in Britain.
A. spend B. have spent C. spending D. having been spending
7) _______ a properly designed shape, the steam flow will be smooth.
A. Given B. Give C. Giving D. To have given
8) ________ there for many years, she knew the place quite well.
A. Living B. Lived C. To live D. Having lived
9) Returning to my apartment, _______.
A. my watch was missing B. I found my watch missed
C. I found my watch missing D. the watch was missed
10) The revolutionary fighter would rather die with his head high than ______ with his knees bent.
A. to live B. living C. live D. lived
11) An adequate amount of heat must be supplied for the metal ______.
A. to be melting B. to be melted C. to have melted D. to melted
12) _______ such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?
A Having given B Giving C Having been given D Give
13) Tim cannot but ______ his supervisor to help him solve the difficulty he has in doing his project.
A to ask B ask C asking D asked
14) Mr. Wilson said he did not want _______ any future responsibilities.
A. put up B. to take on C. getting on D. to look up
15) He wore dark glasses to avoid ________.
A. having been recognized B. recognized C. to be recognized D. being recognized
16) There is nothing to do but ______ till he comes back.
A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting
17) The teacher stood there, _______ by a group of students.
A. surrounded B. having been surrounded C. being surrounded D. to be surrounded
18) They found the size of the machine _______ greatly.
A. to have reduced B. to be being reduced C. reduced D. having reduced
19) Weather _______, we will start our journey tomorrow.
A. is permitting B. permitting C. is permitted D. being permitting
20) They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted ________.
A. to be not able to help B. being not able to helping
C. being unable to help D. not be able to help
21) ______ for more than twenty years, no one recognized him.
A. The man imprisoned B. the man imprisoning
C. The man being imprisoned D. The man having been imprisoned
22) ______ in her experiment, she forgot _______ lunch.
A. Absorbing; having B. Absorbed; to have C. Having absorbed; to have D. To be absorbed; having
23) The child pretended ______ to what his mother was saying.
A. to be not listening B. not listening C. not to be listening D. listening
24) All letters _______, Bethe took them to the post office.
A. had been writing B. having been written C. wrote D. had written
25) This is one of the foods that my doctor has forbidden me______.
A. eating B. eat C. to eat D. to be eaten
26) New ways have been found to prevent the river_______.
A. not to be polluted B. against polluting C. from polluting D. from being polluted
27) I hope that by posting the letter now at midday, I shall ensure ______ it before the weekend.
A. you receive B. you to receive C. your receiving D. your having received
28) It’s too early ______ in the office.
A. for anybody to be there B. for there to be anybody
C. there to be anybody D. there anybody to be
29) ______, she began to search some on TV.
A. There were no interesting radio programs
B. There was no interesting radio programs
C. Without being interesting radio programs
D. There being no interesting radio programs
30) After _______ him better, I regretted ______ him unfairly.
A. getting to know; to judge B. getting to know; to have judged
C. Getting to have known; judging D. getting to know; having judged
答案： 1-5: A C D C B 6-10: A A D C C 11-15: B C B B D
16-20: A C C B C 21-25: D B C B C 26-30: D C B D D
2. 从句 - 8 -
- 9 -
历年三级考试对从句考查不少2-3个。从近年的考题来看，考查的比例在增大，每次约1-3题。考查点在：
1）定语从句考查重点，其中非限制定语从句是重中之重。一般考非限制性定语从句中介词of + whom、which从句。限制性定语从句考查较少, 主要考查关系副词（when, where）和状语从句中的连接词在引导定语从句和状语从句的区别。
2）状语从句为选考项目。本部分的考试重点是：引导时间状语从句的名词词组：the instant, the moment, the minute, the time, each time, every time等。引导原因状语从句的连词：as, seeing that(由于), in that(因为), considering that, for the reason that(因为), now that, not that „ but that（不是因为，而是因为）等。引导目的状语从句的连词：in order that, lest , in case, for fear that等。引导条件状语从句的连词：as/so long as, unless, assuming(that) (假定), on condition(that)（条件是）, providing/provided(that) (假若), suppose/supposing that (假使), granting/granted that(假定)等。 “主补＋as(though)＋主语＋谓语动词”引导让步状语从句，表示倒装。
3）名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）也为选考项目，但他们常和虚拟语气结合考查。
4）从句的语序也是一个考点。
例如：
A. 定语从句：
a. 非限制定语从句
1) They have invited me to dinner, ___is very kind of them . （200212-30）
A. as B. which C. it D. that
2）The United States is composed of fifty states, ____ are separated from the others by land or water.
A. Two of which B. Two of whom C. two of them D. two of those （200312-23）
3) The students, ______, enjoyed the performance very much. （200506-15）
A. most of those were girl students B. most of them were girl students
C. most of them were girl students D. most of whom were girl students
答案：1）B，2）A，3）D
B. 限制性定语从句
I’ve never been to my parents’ hometown, but it’s the place______. （200506-13）
A. in which I’d like to visit B. where I’d like to visit
C. I want to visit most D. that I want to visit it most
答案：C
B. 状语从句:
1）_____its economy continues to grow ,the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-time and temporary workers. （200312-26）
A. Even though B. If only C. Now that D. Provided that
2）______you return the book by Saturday ,I will lend it to you with pleasure . （200506-14）
A. So long as B. As well as C. So far as D. As far as
答案：1）D，2）A
C. 名词性从句
1）A telephone recording at the cinema tells callers____. （200406-27）
A. what time starts the movie B. what time does the movie start
C. what time the movie starts D. the movie starts what time
2) ____there are several thousand languages and dialects spoken in the world. （200506-32）
A. When it is estimated B. It has been estimated that
C. To estimate that D. If it is estimated that
答案：1）C，2）B
补充练习：
1) _______ it is you have found, you must give it back to _______it belongs to.
A. Whatever, whomever B. What, no matter whom
C. No matter what, whoever D. Whatever, no matter who
2) _______ is none of your business.
A. She spends her time B. Where does she spend her time
C. Where she spends her time D. It is where she spends her time
3) The size of the people, _____ we had expected, was a thousand.
A. whom B. who C. as D. that
4) _____ this is an event of world historic significance is quite evident.
A. What B. That C. Because D. Since
5) We have tested three hundred types of boot, _______ is completely waterproof.
A. no of which B. none of which C. some of that D. neither of which
6) It is the third time ______.
A. that I have been here B. that I was there C. since I was there D. since I have been there
7) I remember the reason ______ he had given for not coming.
A. why B. that C. how D. what
8) He may be late, in ______ case we ought to wait for him.
A. whose B. its C. which D. what
9) Mr. Black ______ we have a sincere respect, is quite outstanding in the field of natural science.
A. of whom B. for whom C. on whom D. for that
10) July 13, 1913 is a day _____ he will never forget. His father was murdered on that day.
A. when B. that C. which D. for which
11) ______ I saw him I knew he had failed the examination.
A. The moment B. A moment C. In a moment D. For a moment
12) She accepted the invitation _______ she didn’t really want to.
A. in case B. although C. provided D. since
13) It is because she is too experienced ______ she does not know how to deal with the situation.
A. so B. that C. so that D. therefore
14) All _______ is a nice meal and a good rest.
A. what I want B. that I want C. the thing wanted D. which I want
15) A force can be shown by a straight line, ______ length represents the magnitude of the force.
A. which B. whose C. that D. as
16) I always wanted to have a stud (书房)______ I could do my work,.
A. that B. which C. where D. of which
17) You may borrow the book _______ you keep it clean.
A. such as B. so as to C. so long as D. as far
18) _______ she has opened a window, the smell of smoke is still very strong.
A. Till B. In order that C. Even though D. So that
19) _______ he retires, Professor Baker will have taught for almost forty years.
A. By this time B. By the time C. At the same time D. At the time
20) ______ we have satisfied you, you have no grounds for complaint.
A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. Because of
21) I wouldn’t read that novels, _______ recommends it.
A. no matter who B. no matter how C. no matter when D. no matter what
22) He took down the name _______ he should forget it.
A. in that B. for fear that C. except that D. as if
23) We can only do the job for you ________ the work is paid for in advance.
A. on condition that B. now that C. just as D. in that
24) ________ I have been able to discover, there is only one source of energy available.
A. In order that B. If C. So that D. So far as
25) Tom is in favor of going to the movies, _______ Jack insists on playing basketball.
A. while B. meanwhile C. in the meantime D. at the same time
26) Peter speaks to me _______ he were my brother.
A. even if B. although C. if D. as if
27) I had to visit a sick friend of mine; ______, I didn’t know you would come.
A beside B besides C except D for
28) My father has a large collection of books _______ are written in foreign languages.
A. many ones of which B. many of which C. whose many books D. many books of which
29) I had not even a vague idea ______ was going to happen.
A. in which B. of which C. of what D. in what
30) Criticism and self- criticism is necessary ________ it helps us to correct our mistakes
A. in that B. that C. so that D. such that
答案： 1-5: A C C B B 6-10: A B C B B 11-15: A B B B A
16-20: C C C B C 21-25: A B A D A 26-30: D B B C A - 10 -
- 11 -
3. 时态、语态和情态动词
时态主要围绕完成时，重点考查过去完成时、情态动词+完成时、将来完成时。语态主要是和时态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气结合，单独考查语态的试题较为少见。时态、语态、情态动词常三者结合考查。在历年的考试中大约有2-3题考查到时态、语态和情态动词
1）完成时
过去完成时：常和before, after, until, when等引导的时间状语从句连用, 其谓语动作一般表示过去。（by the time/the end of）+表示过去时间的短语或句子。 hardly/scarcely＋过去完成时＋when＋过去时；no sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋过去时。 现在完成时和现在完成进行时：状语词组：this day(week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year等。 将来完成时：常和before, until, when, after 等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动作一般表示将来。by(the time/the end of)＋表示将来时间的短语或句子。
2）情态动词
情态动词的测试重点：should(ought to)+have + p.p.表示 “过去该做而没有做的事情，常有责备或后悔的意味”。might/could/may + have + p.p.表示“过去发生的可能性或对过去情况的推测”。must + have + p.p.表示“对过去事件的断定，肯定的程度很大”。needn’t + have + p.p.表示“做了不必做的事，有责备之意”。
真题演练：
A．情态动词+完成时：
1）My wallet is nowhere to be found. I ___when I was on the bus. （200506-23）
A. must have dropped it B. must drop it C. should have dropped it D. have dropped it
2）Just as I was leaving the house , it occurred to me that I ____to take my keys . （200406-30）
A. should have forgotten B . have forgotten C. had forgotten D. must have forgotten
答案：1）A，2）D
B．过去完成时：
They bought their first house last year , previously they _____to get a loan. （200306-21）
A. were able B. weren’t able C. had been able D. hadn’t been able
答案：D
C．将来完成时：
By the time we arrive in London, we ___in Europe for two weeks. （200406-19）
A. shall stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying
答案：C
补充练习：
1) Marie is very wet. She ______ in the river.
A. can have fallen B. had to fall C. must have fallen D. needn’t to fall
2) With all this work on hand, he ______ to the cinema last night.
A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go C. ought to go D. shouldn’t have gone
3) –Did you blame him for his carelessness?
-Yes, but I _______ so.
A.‘d rather not do B. shouldn’t do C. ‘d better not have done D. shouldn’t have done
4) “Did Ken take the job in the bookstore?”
“No, but I think he ______.”
A. will have B. may have C. should have D. must have
5) He _______ more than thirty.
A. mustn’t be B. shouldn’t be C. won’t be D. can’t be
6) You’re right. I _______ of that.
A. should think B. should have thought C. must have thought D. needn’t think
7) As we can’t get there in time, they ______ about our safety.
A. should be worrying B. can be worrying C. must be worrying D. need be worrying
8) I have already know about you; you ______ yourself to me.
A. shouldn’t have introduced B. needn’t have introduced
C. wouldn’t introduce D. mustn’t introduce
9) Since my wife isn’t answering her telephone, she ________.
A. must have left B. should have left C. can have left D. need have left
10) Since the ditch is full of water, it ______ hard last night.
A. ought to rain B. must have rained C. might have rained D. could rain
11) Next month they_____ in the United States for thirty years.
A. are B. have been C. will be D. will have been
12) It _______ for a week and the street were flooded
A. has rained B. had been raining C. was raining D. rained
13) He was caught in a traffic jam and by the time he reached the airport his friend’s plane______.
A. has already taken off B. had already taken off C. has been taken off D. had been taken off
14) They told us that they _______ for more than two hours.
A. have waited B. were waiting C. have been waiting D. had been waiting
15) It’s been a long time since I _______. How are you?
A. had last seen you B. saw you last C. have last seen you D. last was seeing you
16) You needn’t hurry her. She ______ it by the time you are ready.
A. will have been finishing B. will finish C. will have finished D. will be finishing
17) -“I have our tickets.”
-“That’s good. I was afraid that you ______ them.” - 12 -
A. had forgotten B. forgot C. have forgotten D. are forgetting
18) She said that she ______ soon.
A. will go to college B. went to college C. would go to college D. won’t to go to college
19) Last night he went to bed early. When we got there, he ______ to bed already.
A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. go
20) I can’t give you an answer before I ______ carefully.
A. have been thinking it over B. have thought it over
C. think it over D. thought it over
答案：1-5: C D D C D 6-10: B C B A B 11-15: D B B D B 16-20: C A C C B
4. 虚拟语气
虚拟语气是必考项目，每次考查题数常在1-2题左右。
1）带if 的虚拟条件句主要考查 “条件状语从句与过去事实相反时，虚拟语气的表达方式，虚拟条件句用谓语had+过去分词，主句用谓语would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词；
2）省略if 的虚拟条件句：
a．一些书面表达的虚拟条件从句并没有使用连接词if，而是将谓语部分的were， had，should或could等移至主语之前，形成一个倒装语序结构。如：
Were you in my position（＝If you were in m y position），you would do the same．假如你处在我的位置上，也会这么干的。
Had I time，I would come．假如有时间，我会来的。
b．Were it not for ＋名词／Had it not been for ＋名词，译为“若不是”，“要不是”，“假设没有”。如：
Were it not for the debts（＝If it were not for the debts），we would be all right．假如没有债务，我们的生活会不成问题。
Had it not been for air（＝If it had not been for air），there would have been no living things．如果没有空气，也就没有生物。
3）用介词短语表达的虚拟条件句：条件从句的引导词除if以外，还可以是 when，once，unless，suppose，supposing（仅在问句中用），provided（that），providing（that），granted/given（that），so（as）long as，on condition（that），for fear（that），lest，in case，as if， but that ／only that等等，其中on condition，for fear，in case后面还可跟名词或词组，用of连接。如：
When I have gotten my evidence I will come to my conclusions．要是有了证据，我就可以得出结论。
Suppose ／Supposing it rains，what shall we do？（主句有时可以省略）假设下雨，我们怎么办呢？
Once you have promised you must do it．你既已答应，就一定要完成。
So（as）long as we don't lose heart，we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty．只要我们不灰心，就能找到克服困难的办法。
Given/Granted that this is true，what conclusion can you draw？就算这是实际情况，你又能得出什么结论呢？
He managed to finish the work on time for fear that he might be punished（＝for fear of being punished）．因为担心受到惩罚，他设法按时完成工作。
Send us a message in case you have any difficulty（＝in case of any difficulty）．万一有什么困难，请给我们一个信。 He rises early lest he should be late．他早起，以免迟到。
He would have started，but that ／only that it rained．（but that ＋从句可置于主句前或后， only that仅放于主句后）若不是下雨，他早就动身了。
Susan is walking slowly as if she were tired．苏珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。
4) 建议、主张、命令、紧要等概念的词语虚拟语气词在主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中用（should ）+动词原形。考点在：常用的动词有：suggest, propose, desire, request, advise, command, demand, insist, require, order, recommend, beg, prefer, pray(请求), move(提议), maintain(主张), stipulate(规定), direct(命令)等。常用的形容词有：necessary, important, essential, desirable, advisable, imperative(迫切的), urgent, preferable, vital, insistent(坚持的), crucial(紧要关头的)，strange(不可思议的)等。常用的分词有：suggested, proposed, demanded, required, requested, desired, ordered, recommended, insisted, asked, resolved等。常用的名词有：suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request, recommendation, requirement, insistence, stipulation, necessity, command等。
5）在would rather，wish，as if，it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望, 从句的谓语动词用一般过去式。 例如：
A．虚拟语气在规则条件句中的应用：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he _____in good health now. （200306-15）
A. would be B. would have been C. will have been D. will be
答案：B
B．虚拟语气混合条件句中的应用：
1) ________a little earlier this morning ! I missed the school bus by only one minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour. （200312-14）
A. If only I had got up B. If had got up C. If only I get up D. If I got up
2) He talks about Rome as though he ______there himself. （200406-14）
A. was B. were C. had been D. has been
答案：1）A，2）C
C．特殊的虚拟语气词（should ）+do
1）在主语从句中的应用：
It is requested that you ____a speech at the opening ceremony. （200306-14）
A. have given B. will give C. gave D. give
答案：D
D．在宾语从句中的应用：
The teacher recommended that each student _____a plan for the summer vacation. （200212-15）
A. would make B. made C. make D. makes
答案：C
E．在同位语从句中的应用：
His proposal that the money ____to build a nursery school was accepted. （200506-21）
A. was used B. should be used C. were used D. would be used
答案：B
补充练习：
1) I’d rather you _____ anything about it to anyone for the time being.
A. wouldn’t say B. hadn’t say C. didn’t say D. shouldn’t say
2) He offered to write it out for her, lest she ______ it.
A. should forget B. would get C. forgot D. forgets
3) It was proposed that this matter ______ at the next meeting.
A. would be considered B. would have been considered
C. should have been considered D. be considered
4) _______ no electronic computers, there would have been no artificial satellites or rockets.
A. Had there been B. if there were C. Should there be D. If there are
5) Without computer, we _____ such tremendous medical advances in the last few decades.
A. would no have made B. could not make
C. should not make D. must not have made
6) But for electricity, the whole world_______.
A. Had not developed so rapidly B. would not have developed so rapidly
C. did not develop so rapidly D. has not been developed so rapidly
7) The chairman requested that _______.
A. the members studied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with more carefulness the problem more carefully
D. the members study the problem more carefully
8) _______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied more B. If he were studying to a greater degree
C. Had he studied more D. Studying more
9) ______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
10) Look at the clock! It’s time ______ home.
A. we’ll go B. we went C. we’re going D. we would go
11) It was ordered that ______ put in order.
A. the classroom to be B. the classroom be C. the classroom to D. the classroom was
12) Jane appears as though she ______ the secret.
A. knows B. has known C. is knowing D. knew
13) ______ the fog, we should have reached our destinations.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for
14) We must stop now. It is time we ______ home.
A. have gone B. are going C. were going D. will go
15) ______ what you intended, I should not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you.
A. I realized B. Should I realized C. Had I realized D. I had realized
答案： 1-5: C A D A A 6-10: B D C C B 11-15: B D D C C
5. 倒装结构
倒装、省略、特殊句型（强调句型等）为轮考或选考，题数1-2题。一般只考部分倒装。
考点：
1）以否定词never, little, nowhere, rarely, seldom, scarcely, hardly, no sooner, in no case, at no time, on no account, under no circumstances, by no means等开头等引导的句子作部分倒装。如以下句子：
Never did I have that experience before.
At no time and in no circumstances should we place our personal interest first.
在任何时候、任何情况下我们都不应该把个人利益放在首位。
No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.
2）only+状语位于句首表示强调；如：
Only after you have received the telegram can you know the time of his arrival.
Only once did his father discuss his future with him.
3) 当句首为一些频度状语，如：often, many a time, long等。
Often did we warn them not to do so.
Many a time has Mike given me good advice.
真题演练：
1) We have been told that under no circumstances ___ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.
A. we could use B. may we use C. we may use D. did we use （200406-17）
2) On no account ______to anyone who works in the company. （200506-25）
A. must mention my name B. my name must mention
C. my name must be mentioned D. must my name be mentioned
3) Only after hundred of experiments ___in solving the problem. （200306-17）
A. had they succeeded B. they did succeed C. did they succeed D. they had succeeded
4) Never before that night _______ so great my responsibility was. (200312-17)
A. I had felt B. I felt C. did I felt D. had I felt
5) Only in a few countries _______ a reasonable standard of living. (200512-13)
A. does the whole population enjoy B. do the whole population enjoy
C. the whole population enjoys D. the whole population enjoy
答案：答案：1）B，2）D, 3) C, 4) D, 5) A
补充练习：
1) ______notebook and report that I promised you last week.
A. Here is the B. Here are the C. Is here the D. Are here the
2) _____ a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly.
A. If he took B. If he has taken C. Had he taken D. Should he take
3) Beneath our feet ____ that our life depends on for food and clothing.
A. the earth lay B. the earth lies C. lie the earth D. lies the earth 4) _____ the beginning of the 19th century did scientists know that all matter is made up of atoms.
A. At B. By C. Up to D. Not until
5) On no account _____ to anyone
A. my name must be mentioned B. must my name mention
C. must my name be mentioned D. my name must mention
6) Not until I shouted at the top of my voice _____ his head.
A. that he turned B. did he turn C. he didn't turn D. he had turned 7) Only in recent years _____ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.
A. people have B. since people have C. have people D. people who have
8) _____ that this region was so rich in natural resources.
A. Little he knew B. Little did he know C. Little he did know D. Little he had know
9) ______ received law degrees as today.
A. Never so women have B. The women aren't ever
C. Women who have never D. Never have so many women
10) Often _______ to a nearby park in the past.
A. did we take a walk B. we take a walk C. we took a walk D. we did take a walk
答案：1-5: B C D D A 6-10: B C B D A
6. 主谓一致:
该项考查较少, 但仍有所涉及。考生复习时要注意主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致、概念一致和就近原则。
语法一致可能考查
a. 当主语为单数时，即便是后续或插入由with, along with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, rather than, more than, like, besides, but, except, in addition to 引导的短语，谓语仍用单数。如：
An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.
Nobody but John and George was there.
b. 主语由 “a portion of, a series of, a kind of 等+名词”够成时，谓语动词用单数。
c. 主语由 “either/neither of +复数名词（或代词）”结构担任时，谓语用单数。
d. 由and 或both„and„连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
概念一致是指：集合名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要与主语的概念一致；all, most, some, half, none 后续“of +单数名词”，谓语动词用单数，若后续“of+复数名词”，谓语动词用复数形式。
就近原则是指在以下几种情况下，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于它毗邻的主语。
a. 并列连词or, either„or„, neither„nor„, not only„but also„连接的两个主语。
b. each„and each„, every „and every„, no„and no„后续单数形式的谓语动词
c. “many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词采取单数形式。
真题演练：
1) Every means ___tried, but we still cannot solve this problem. （200212-28）
A. is B. have been C. are D. has been
2) The package containing books and records______ last week. （200306-23）
A. was delivering B. was delivered C. were delivering D. were delivered
答案：1）D，2）B
补充练习：
1. _______is to attend our evening.
A. Both the singer and the dance B. Either the singer or dancers
C. The singer or dancers D. The singer and dancer
2. No one except two students _______the meeting.
A. has been late for B .have been late for C. was late for D. were later for
3. Interest, as well as prospects, _______important when one looks for a job.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
4. The president, accompanied by his assistants, _______.
A. have arrived B. are arriving C .had arrived D. has arrived
5. The majority of doctors _______ smoking is harmful to health.
A .are believed B. had believed C. has believe D. believe 6. Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe, indeed the whole human society _______ to alter its attitude
to racial problems.
A. need B needs C. has a need D. have a need
7. _______was wrong.
A. Not the teacher but the students B. Both the students and the teacher
C. Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher
8. “_______twenty dollars a big sum to her?”
“I suppose so.”
A. Will be B. Is C. Are D. Were.
9. Three hours _______ enough for us to finish the task.
A. are B. has C. is D. were
10. Most of his savings _______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
A. has been kept B. is being kept C. have kept D. have been kept
11. All that can be done_______.
A. has done B. has been done C. have done D. have been done
12. One or perhaps more pages_______.
A. is missing B. has been missed C. are missing D. was missing
13. More than one worker _______ dismissed.
A. have been B. are C. has been D. has
14. Many a student _______ the importance of learning a foreign language.
A. have realized B. has realize C. have been realized D. has been realized
15. The gas works _______ near the city.
A .is B. are C. were D. be
答案：1-5: D C C D D 6-10: B D B C D 11-15: B C C B A