一．选择题练习：
1、The Renaissance refers to between 14th-mid—17th century, which was under the reign of Queen ___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the “real mainstream” was ____.
A. Victoria/ poetry B. Elizabeth/ drama
C. Mary/ novel D. James/ drama
2、The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are _____and Walter Scott.
A. Washington Irving B. Jane Austen
C. Herman Melville D. Charles Dickens
3、Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.
A. Hamlet B. King Lear
C. Romeo and Juliet D. Othello
4、In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress B. The Faerie Queene
C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The School of Scandal
5、The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _______.
A. the Romantic Period B. the Realistic Period
C. the Naturalist Period D. the Modern Period
6、Moby Dick is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction D. Poetic fiction
7、In the Romantic period of British literature, ____is the most prosperous literary form.
A. prose B. poetry
C. fiction D. play
8、The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.
A. Geographical exploration B. Religious reformation
C. Publishing and translation D. Humanism.
9、Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following
is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?
A. Religion B. Life and death.
C. Love and marriage D. War and peace.
10、“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.”
This “iceberg” analogy is put forward by ______.
A．Mark Twain
C．William Faulkner
11、“It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good for-tune, must be in want of a wife.” The quoted part is taken from ______.
B．Ezra Pound D．Ernest Hemingway
A．Jane Eyre
C．Pride and Prejudice
literature .It is found in _____
A. John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress B．Wuthering Heights D．Sense and Sensibility 12、You may have meet the term "Yahoo" on internet, but you may also have met it in English
B. Samuel Johnson's The Vanity of Human Wishes
C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels
D. Henry Fielding's tom Jones
13、Stream-of-consciousness novels emphasize the depiction of:
A. man’s inner world of thought B. the narration of events
C. the utterance of speeches D. dramatic monologues
14、Which of the following works concerns most concentrated the Calvinistic view of original
sin?
A. The Wasteland. B. The Scarlet Letter.
C. Leaves of Grass. D. As I Lay Dying
15、_____ as a trend became dominant in America literature in the late 1860s and early 1870s.
A. Local colorism B. Romanticism
C. Stream of Consciousness D. Naturalism
16、The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are _____and Walter Scott.
A. Washington Irving B. Jane Austen
C. Herman Melville D. Charles Dickens
17、In terms of Pride and Prejudice, which is not true?
A. Pride and Prejudice is the most popular of Jane Austen’s novels.
B. Pride and Prejudice is originally drafted as “First Impressions.”
C. Pride and Prejudice is a tragic novel.
D. In this novel, the author explores the relationship between great love and realistic benefits.
18、_____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular
play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and
a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.
A. The Merchant of Venice B. Hamlet
C. King Lear D. The Winter’s Tale
19、In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress B. The Faerie Queene
C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The School of Scandal
20、______is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.
A. Elegant style B. Causal narration
C. Bitter satire D. Complicated sentence structure
21、The Romantic Movement expressed a more or less______ attitude toward the existing social
and political conditions.
A. positive B. negative
C. neutral D. indifferent
22、In the Romantic period, ____is the most prosperous literary form.
A. prose B. poetry
C. fiction D. play
23、Moby Dick is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction D. Poetic fiction
24、The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _______.
A. the Romantic Period B. the Realistic Period
C. the Naturalist Period D. the Modern Period
25、Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.
A. grand B. pompous
C. simple D. vernacular
26、In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.
A. saviors B. villains
C. commentators D. Observers
27、The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature D. evil of the world
28、Romantic Movement expressed a more or less______ attitude toward the existing social
and political conditions.
A. positive B. negative
C. neutral D. indifferent
29、Which of the following belong to the Revolutionary Romanticists?
A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Byron and Coleridge
C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Byron and Shelly
30、Who is the primary narrator of the novel Wuthering Heights?
A. Catherine B. Heathcliff
C. Nelly D. Lockwood
31、"There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole
life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors
does the mention belong to________.
A. Washington Irving B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman
32、____________ is considered as one of the two foremost American poets of the 19th century
and the precursor of the Imagist movement
A. Walt Whitman B. Edgar Ellen Poe
C. Emily Dickinson D. Emily Bronte
33、_________is a great writer of local colorist, the rich material of his boyhood experience on
the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction
C. Theodore Dreiser D. Charles Dickens
34、By far the largest portion of Dickinson’s poetry concerns _________ themes which lie at the
center of Dickinson’s world.
A. death and immortality B. Love and Nature
C. Friendship D. Revolutionary Spirit
35、The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe
B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature
D. evil of the world
二．作家作品练习：
1.
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea
Emily Brontë Wuthering Heights
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Emily Dickinson My Life Closed Twice Before it’s close
William Shakespeare Hamlet
William Wordsworth Lyrical Ballads
2.
William Shakespeare The Merchant of Venice
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
William Wordsworth “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea
Herman Melville Billy Budd
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Mark Twain Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Washington Irving “Rip Van Winkle”
Nathaniel Hawthorne Young Goodman Brown
The Emily Dickinson I Died for Beauty
3. Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Herman Melville Moby Dick
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Charlotte Brontë Jane Eyre
Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death
William Shakespeare Hamlet
Robert Burns A Red Red Rose
4.
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises
Emily Brontë Wuthering Heights
Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death
William Shakespeare Hamlet
William Wordsworth Lyrical Ballads
三. 文本翻译
1.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d
But thy eternal Summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal line to time thou grow’st.
--- Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare
2.
MY life closed twice before its close;
It yet remains to see
If Immortality unveil
A third event to me,
So huge, so hopeless to conceive,
As these that twice befell.
Parting is all we know of heaven,
And all we need of hell.
MY life Closed Twice before its Close;
3. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
… …
“ What is his name?”
“ Is he married or single?”
“ Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
“ How so? How can it affect them?”
“ My dear Mr. Bennet,” replied his wife, “ how can you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.”
“Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austin
4. “My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and HE remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else remained, and he were annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it. ( “ Wuthering Heights” by Emily Bronte)
5.
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dance with the daffodils."
(I Wandered Lonely as A Cloud)
6. We slowly drove－he knew no haste,
And I had put away
My labour, and my leisure too,
For his civility－
We passed the school where children played,
Their lessons scarcely done;
We passed the fields of gazing grain－
We passed the setting sun－
(Because I could not stop for Death)
7. Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
I will luve thee still. my dear,
While the sands o’life shall run.
And fare thee weel, my only love!
And fare thee weel awhile!
And I will come again my luve,
Though it were ten thousand mile.
---- A Red Red Rose
8.
I died for beauty, but was scarce
Adjusted in the tomb,
When one who died for truth was lain
In an adjoining room.
He questioned softly why I failed?
"For beauty," I replied.
"And I for truth, -the two are one;
We brethren are," he said.
(I Died for Beauty, but was Scarce)
9.
You loved me - then what RIGHT had you to leave me? What right - answer me - for the poor fancy you felt for Linton? Because misery and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, YOU, of your own will, did it. I have not broken your heart - YOU have broken it; and in breaking it, you have broken mine.
“ Wuthering Heights” by Emily Bronte
10.
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
11. “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?
—You think wrong!… And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I
should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you…—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal—as we are!” ---- Jane Eyer
12. She walks in beauty , like the night
Of cloudless clime and starry skies,
And all that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes;
13. If you were coming in the fall,
I brush the summer by
With half a smile and half a spurn,
As houswives do, a fly.
14. Catherine Earnshaw, may you not rest as long as I am living! You said I killed you--haunt me, then! The murdered do haunt their murderers. I believe--I know that ghosts have wandered on earth. Be with me always--take any form--drive me mad! only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you! Oh God! it is unutterable! I cannot live without my life! I cannot live without my soul! (Wuthering Heights)
1．我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过： 有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着， 如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。
2．我已经失去了两位亲人，可是，我依然不知道 上天是否还安排了第三次？如此痛苦，如此绝望，/那两次生离死别。逝者，因此看到天堂，生者，因此品尝地狱。
3.凡是有钱的单身汉,总想娶位太太,这已经成了一条举世公认的真理.
„„“这个人叫什么名字?”“宾格莱。”“有太太呢，还是单身汉？”“哦。是个单身汉，亲爱的，确确实实是个单身汉！一个有钱的单身汉；每年有四五千镑的收入。真是女儿们的福气！”“这怎么说？关女儿们什么事？”“我的好老爷，”太太回答道，“你怎么这样叫人讨厌！告诉你吧，我正在盘算，他要是挑中我们一个女儿做老婆，可多好！”
4. 在这个世界上，我的最大的悲痛就是希刺克厉夫的悲痛，而且我从一开始就注意并且互相感受到了。在我的生活中，他是我最强的思念。如果别的一切都毁灭了，而他还留下来，我就能继续活下去；如果别的一切都留下来，而他却给消灭了，这个世界对于我就将成为一个极陌生的地方。我不会像是它的一部分。我对林敦的爱像是树林中的叶子：我完全晓得，在冬天变化树木的时候，时光便会变化叶子。我对希刺克厉夫的爱恰似下面的恒久不变的岩石：虽然看起来它给你的愉快并不多，可是这点愉快却是必需的。
5 每当我躺在床上不眠， 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， 它们常在心灵中闪现，
那是孤独之中的福祉； 于是我的心便涨满幸福， 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。
6.我们慢慢驱车 他知道不急 而我也挥去了 我的工作和安逸，缘他彬彬有礼 我们经过学校，值课间休息 孩子们围成圆环 打逗游戏 我们经过农田凝望五谷 我们经过落日
7. 纵使大海干涸水流尽。 纵使大海千涸水流尽， 太阳将岩石烧作灰尘， 亲爱的，我永远爱你， 只要我一息犹存。 珍重吧，我唯一的爱人， 珍重吧，让我们暂时别离， 但我定要回来， 哪怕千里万里！
8. 我是为美而死——被人安置在这个坟冢,有人是为真理而亡的,也被葬在旁边的穴中. 他曾轻声问道“你为何而死”？ “为美，”我回答 “我，为真理——两者都一样;我们是兄弟，”他说。
9. 你爱过我——那么你有什么权利离开我呢？有什么权利——回答我——对林敦存那种可怜的幻想？因为悲惨、耻辱和死亡，以及上帝或撒旦①所能给的一切打击和痛苦都不能把我们分开，而你，却出于你自己的心意，这样作了。我没有弄碎你的心——是你弄碎了的；而在弄碎它的时候，你把我的心也弄碎了。
10. 一花一世界 ，一沙一天国， 君掌盛无边， 刹那含永劫。
11. “你以为，就因为我穷、低微、不美，我就没有心，没有灵魂吗？我也有一颗心，我们的精神是同等的。如果上帝赐于我美貌与财富的话，我也会让你难以离开我，就象我现在难以离开你一样。我不是根据习俗、常规，甚至也不是血肉之躯同你说话，而是我的灵魂同你的灵魂在对话，就仿佛我们两人穿过坟墓，站在上帝脚下，彼此平等---本来就如此！” 12. 她走在美的光彩中，象夜晚 皎洁无云而且繁星漫天； 明与暗的最美妙的色泽 在她的仪容和秋波里呈现：
13. 如果你能在秋季来到， 我会用掸子把夏季掸掉， 一半轻蔑，一半含笑，
象管家妇把苍蝇赶跑。
14.凯瑟琳.恩萧，只要在我还活着的时候；愿你也不得安息！你说我害了你—那么，缠着我吧！被害的人是缠着他的凶手的。我相信—我知道鬼魂是在人世间漫游的。那就永远跟着我—采取任何形式—把我逼疯吧！只要别把我撇在这个活渊里，这儿我找不到你！啊，上帝！真是没法说呀！没有我的生命，我不能活下去！没有我的灵魂，我不能活下去啊！
四．简述/简析
1. Jane Eyre is the greatest governess image in the literature history; can you analyze the
character of her?
(1)Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit & a longing to love & be loved, a poor, plain, little governess who dares to love her master, a man superior to her in many ways, & even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him, cuts a completely new woman image. In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive, kind-hearted, noble-minded
woman who pursues a genuine kind of love.
(2)Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for
recognition of their basic rights & equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings & her thought & inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience.
2. Analyze the themes of Herman Melville’s Moby Dick.
deep symbolic theme
(1)This book suggests the beauty, terror, and mystery of creation. It is a Shakespearean tragedy of man fighting against overwhelming odds in an indifferent and even hostile universe. Moby-Dick is not merely a whaling tale or sea adventure, considering that Melville is a great symbolist. It turns out to be a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe, a spiritual exploration into man‘s deep reality and psychology. This is shown in Captain Ahab's rebellious struggle against the overwhelming mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.
(2)In the perverted grandeur of Captain Ahab and in the beauties and terrors of the voyage of the "Pequod," however, Melville dramatized his bleak view of the world in which he lived. It is at once godless and purposeless. Man in this universe lives a meaningless and futile life, meaningless because futile.
3.Try to comment on Mark Twain’s writing style.
1.Twain as a local colorist
(1)Twain preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions.
(2)Unlike James and Howells, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people.
(3)Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to illustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.
2.his use of vernacular
(1)Another fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. (2)What's more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his local colorism.
(3)Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim.
(4)Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable literary medium in the literary history of the country.
3.his humor
(1)Mark Twain's humor is remarkable, his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall tales.
(2)A great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective.
4. Why Hardy give the subtitle of Tess of the D’urbervilles as A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayed. Tess was a pure woman.
a. pure here not refers to the physical meaning but the spiritual one.Throughout the novel, Tess was loyal to her true feelings. She remained her loyalty to Angel. Alec only claimed her body. She was spiritually with Angel all the time.
b. She is responsible and does her best for the family.
c. She is honest.
d. She could face her tragedy with great dignity.
5. We know that Herman Melville is a great symbolist, please analyze in detail the symbolic
meanings in Moby Dick.
symbolic meanings
Pequod: a miniature society by individualizing a train of characters. It is a symbol of the whole world with people of every land sailing across the waters of life in quest of its mystery. It is one of the American soul, a microcosm of American society.
The voyage itself is a metaphor for the search for the ultimate truth of experience.
Moby Dick: To the author, it symbols nature, it is complex, unfathomable and beautiful; To the captain Ahab, it is evilness, is a wall. So he will lead all his crew to cut through the wall to dig out all the unknown, mysterious things behind it. To the narrator, Ishmael, it is a mystery.
Its whiteness: also a paradoxical color, signifying as it does death and corruption as well as purity,
innocence, and youth.
6. Analyze "The Hemingway Code Hero"
(1) They are always exposed to and victimized by violence in various forms, Nick becomes the prototype of the wounded hero who, with all the dignity and courage he could muster, confronts situation.
(2) They are a group of wandering, amusing, but aimless people, who are caught in the war and removed
from the path of ordinary life.
(3) They are the men trapped both physically and mentally.
(4) God’s design or his beneficence and to suggest that man is doomed to be entrapped.
(5) They believe: life is worth living and there are causes worth dying for.
(6) In a tragic sense, the struggle of Hemingway’s heroes show: it is a representation of life as a struggle against unconquerable natural forces in which only a partial victory is possible. Nevertheless, there is a feeling of great respect for the struggle and mankind.
(7) Hemingway hero of athletic prowess and masculinity and unyielding heroism.
(8) To master the code with the honest, the discipline, and the restrains are Hemingway Code heroes. In the general situation of his novels, life is full of tension and battles; the world is in chaos; man is always fighting desperately a losing battle. However, though life is but a losing battle, it is a struggle man can dominate in such a way that loss becomes dignity; man can be physically destroyed but never defeated spiritually.
7. Say something about the features of Jane Austen’s novels.
Jane Eyre's character
(1)Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit & a longing to love & be loved, a poor, plain, little governess who dares to love her master, a man superior to her in many ways, & even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him, cuts a completely new woman image. In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive, kind-hearted, noble-minded woman who pursues a genuine kind of love.
(2)Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights & equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings & her thought & inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience.
8. Why do we say Tess’s tragedy is a personal as well as a social one?
(1)Tess’s fate is personal:
She happens to be so beautiful, so pure, so innocent, and so poor, and she happens to get involved with 2 men who, though apparent rivals, actually joint their forces in bringing about her destruction.
(2)Her fate is a social one:
It can be the fate of any country girl like her. It can be the fate of all the peasants who are driven out of their land and home and forced to seek somewhere else for sustenance.
9. Say something about the writing style of Thomas Hardy.
Writing Style
Most of his works have the gloomy, sullen landscape of Wessex in the background.
The underlying theme of his novels is the struggle of man against the mysterious force which rules the world, brings misfortune into man’s life and predetermines his fate. This fatalism is strongly reflected in his writings.
In his works the strong elements of naturalism is combined with a tendency towards symbolism, which somewhat spoil the main realistic effect of his art.
His novels move rapidly in a series of episodic descriptions with details which always result in leaving sufficient room for the readers’ imagination.
10. Try to make a comment on Mark Twain’s humor.
(1)Mark Twain's humor is remarkable, his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall tales.
(2)A great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax,
let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.
一．选择题练习：
1、The Renaissance refers to between 14th-mid—17th century, which was under the reign of Queen ___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the “real mainstream” was ____.
A. Victoria/ poetry B. Elizabeth/ drama
C. Mary/ novel D. James/ drama
2、The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are _____and Walter Scott.
A. Washington Irving B. Jane Austen
C. Herman Melville D. Charles Dickens
3、Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.
A. Hamlet B. King Lear
C. Romeo and Juliet D. Othello
4、In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress B. The Faerie Queene
C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The School of Scandal
5、The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _______.
A. the Romantic Period B. the Realistic Period
C. the Naturalist Period D. the Modern Period
6、Moby Dick is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction D. Poetic fiction
7、In the Romantic period of British literature, ____is the most prosperous literary form.
A. prose B. poetry
C. fiction D. play
8、The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.
A. Geographical exploration B. Religious reformation
C. Publishing and translation D. Humanism.
9、Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following
is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?
A. Religion B. Life and death.
C. Love and marriage D. War and peace.
10、“The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.”
This “iceberg” analogy is put forward by ______.
A．Mark Twain
C．William Faulkner
11、“It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good for-tune, must be in want of a wife.” The quoted part is taken from ______.
B．Ezra Pound D．Ernest Hemingway
A．Jane Eyre
C．Pride and Prejudice
literature .It is found in _____
A. John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress B．Wuthering Heights D．Sense and Sensibility 12、You may have meet the term "Yahoo" on internet, but you may also have met it in English
B. Samuel Johnson's The Vanity of Human Wishes
C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels
D. Henry Fielding's tom Jones
13、Stream-of-consciousness novels emphasize the depiction of:
A. man’s inner world of thought B. the narration of events
C. the utterance of speeches D. dramatic monologues
14、Which of the following works concerns most concentrated the Calvinistic view of original
sin?
A. The Wasteland. B. The Scarlet Letter.
C. Leaves of Grass. D. As I Lay Dying
15、_____ as a trend became dominant in America literature in the late 1860s and early 1870s.
A. Local colorism B. Romanticism
C. Stream of Consciousness D. Naturalism
16、The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are _____and Walter Scott.
A. Washington Irving B. Jane Austen
C. Herman Melville D. Charles Dickens
17、In terms of Pride and Prejudice, which is not true?
A. Pride and Prejudice is the most popular of Jane Austen’s novels.
B. Pride and Prejudice is originally drafted as “First Impressions.”
C. Pride and Prejudice is a tragic novel.
D. In this novel, the author explores the relationship between great love and realistic benefits.
18、_____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular
play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and
a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.
A. The Merchant of Venice B. Hamlet
C. King Lear D. The Winter’s Tale
19、In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress B. The Faerie Queene
C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The School of Scandal
20、______is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.
A. Elegant style B. Causal narration
C. Bitter satire D. Complicated sentence structure
21、The Romantic Movement expressed a more or less______ attitude toward the existing social
and political conditions.
A. positive B. negative
C. neutral D. indifferent
22、In the Romantic period, ____is the most prosperous literary form.
A. prose B. poetry
C. fiction D. play
23、Moby Dick is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction D. Poetic fiction
24、The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _______.
A. the Romantic Period B. the Realistic Period
C. the Naturalist Period D. the Modern Period
25、Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.
A. grand B. pompous
C. simple D. vernacular
26、In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.
A. saviors B. villains
C. commentators D. Observers
27、The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature D. evil of the world
28、Romantic Movement expressed a more or less______ attitude toward the existing social
and political conditions.
A. positive B. negative
C. neutral D. indifferent
29、Which of the following belong to the Revolutionary Romanticists?
A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Byron and Coleridge
C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Byron and Shelly
30、Who is the primary narrator of the novel Wuthering Heights?
A. Catherine B. Heathcliff
C. Nelly D. Lockwood
31、"There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole
life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors
does the mention belong to________.
A. Washington Irving B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman
32、____________ is considered as one of the two foremost American poets of the 19th century
and the precursor of the Imagist movement
A. Walt Whitman B. Edgar Ellen Poe
C. Emily Dickinson D. Emily Bronte
33、_________is a great writer of local colorist, the rich material of his boyhood experience on
the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction
C. Theodore Dreiser D. Charles Dickens
34、By far the largest portion of Dickinson’s poetry concerns _________ themes which lie at the
center of Dickinson’s world.
A. death and immortality B. Love and Nature
C. Friendship D. Revolutionary Spirit
35、The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe
B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature
D. evil of the world
二．作家作品练习：
1.
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea
Emily Brontë Wuthering Heights
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Emily Dickinson My Life Closed Twice Before it’s close
William Shakespeare Hamlet
William Wordsworth Lyrical Ballads
2.
William Shakespeare The Merchant of Venice
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
William Wordsworth “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea
Herman Melville Billy Budd
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Mark Twain Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Washington Irving “Rip Van Winkle”
Nathaniel Hawthorne Young Goodman Brown
The Emily Dickinson I Died for Beauty
3. Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Herman Melville Moby Dick
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Charlotte Brontë Jane Eyre
Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death
William Shakespeare Hamlet
Robert Burns A Red Red Rose
4.
Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter
Jonathan Swift Gulliver’s Travels
Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie
Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervilles
Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises
Emily Brontë Wuthering Heights
Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death
William Shakespeare Hamlet
William Wordsworth Lyrical Ballads
三. 文本翻译
1.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d
But thy eternal Summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal line to time thou grow’st.
--- Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare
2.
MY life closed twice before its close;
It yet remains to see
If Immortality unveil
A third event to me,
So huge, so hopeless to conceive,
As these that twice befell.
Parting is all we know of heaven,
And all we need of hell.
MY life Closed Twice before its Close;
3. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
… …
“ What is his name?”
“ Is he married or single?”
“ Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
“ How so? How can it affect them?”
“ My dear Mr. Bennet,” replied his wife, “ how can you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.”
“Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austin
4. “My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and HE remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else remained, and he were annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it. ( “ Wuthering Heights” by Emily Bronte)
5.
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dance with the daffodils."
(I Wandered Lonely as A Cloud)
6. We slowly drove－he knew no haste,
And I had put away
My labour, and my leisure too,
For his civility－
We passed the school where children played,
Their lessons scarcely done;
We passed the fields of gazing grain－
We passed the setting sun－
(Because I could not stop for Death)
7. Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
I will luve thee still. my dear,
While the sands o’life shall run.
And fare thee weel, my only love!
And fare thee weel awhile!
And I will come again my luve,
Though it were ten thousand mile.
---- A Red Red Rose
8.
I died for beauty, but was scarce
Adjusted in the tomb,
When one who died for truth was lain
In an adjoining room.
He questioned softly why I failed?
"For beauty," I replied.
"And I for truth, -the two are one;
We brethren are," he said.
(I Died for Beauty, but was Scarce)
9.
You loved me - then what RIGHT had you to leave me? What right - answer me - for the poor fancy you felt for Linton? Because misery and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, YOU, of your own will, did it. I have not broken your heart - YOU have broken it; and in breaking it, you have broken mine.
“ Wuthering Heights” by Emily Bronte
10.
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
11. “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?
—You think wrong!… And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I
should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you…—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal—as we are!” ---- Jane Eyer
12. She walks in beauty , like the night
Of cloudless clime and starry skies,
And all that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes;
13. If you were coming in the fall,
I brush the summer by
With half a smile and half a spurn,
As houswives do, a fly.
14. Catherine Earnshaw, may you not rest as long as I am living! You said I killed you--haunt me, then! The murdered do haunt their murderers. I believe--I know that ghosts have wandered on earth. Be with me always--take any form--drive me mad! only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you! Oh God! it is unutterable! I cannot live without my life! I cannot live without my soul! (Wuthering Heights)
1．我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过： 有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着， 如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。
2．我已经失去了两位亲人，可是，我依然不知道 上天是否还安排了第三次？如此痛苦，如此绝望，/那两次生离死别。逝者，因此看到天堂，生者，因此品尝地狱。
3.凡是有钱的单身汉,总想娶位太太,这已经成了一条举世公认的真理.
„„“这个人叫什么名字?”“宾格莱。”“有太太呢，还是单身汉？”“哦。是个单身汉，亲爱的，确确实实是个单身汉！一个有钱的单身汉；每年有四五千镑的收入。真是女儿们的福气！”“这怎么说？关女儿们什么事？”“我的好老爷，”太太回答道，“你怎么这样叫人讨厌！告诉你吧，我正在盘算，他要是挑中我们一个女儿做老婆，可多好！”
4. 在这个世界上，我的最大的悲痛就是希刺克厉夫的悲痛，而且我从一开始就注意并且互相感受到了。在我的生活中，他是我最强的思念。如果别的一切都毁灭了，而他还留下来，我就能继续活下去；如果别的一切都留下来，而他却给消灭了，这个世界对于我就将成为一个极陌生的地方。我不会像是它的一部分。我对林敦的爱像是树林中的叶子：我完全晓得，在冬天变化树木的时候，时光便会变化叶子。我对希刺克厉夫的爱恰似下面的恒久不变的岩石：虽然看起来它给你的愉快并不多，可是这点愉快却是必需的。
5 每当我躺在床上不眠， 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， 它们常在心灵中闪现，
那是孤独之中的福祉； 于是我的心便涨满幸福， 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。
6.我们慢慢驱车 他知道不急 而我也挥去了 我的工作和安逸，缘他彬彬有礼 我们经过学校，值课间休息 孩子们围成圆环 打逗游戏 我们经过农田凝望五谷 我们经过落日
7. 纵使大海干涸水流尽。 纵使大海千涸水流尽， 太阳将岩石烧作灰尘， 亲爱的，我永远爱你， 只要我一息犹存。 珍重吧，我唯一的爱人， 珍重吧，让我们暂时别离， 但我定要回来， 哪怕千里万里！
8. 我是为美而死——被人安置在这个坟冢,有人是为真理而亡的,也被葬在旁边的穴中. 他曾轻声问道“你为何而死”？ “为美，”我回答 “我，为真理——两者都一样;我们是兄弟，”他说。
9. 你爱过我——那么你有什么权利离开我呢？有什么权利——回答我——对林敦存那种可怜的幻想？因为悲惨、耻辱和死亡，以及上帝或撒旦①所能给的一切打击和痛苦都不能把我们分开，而你，却出于你自己的心意，这样作了。我没有弄碎你的心——是你弄碎了的；而在弄碎它的时候，你把我的心也弄碎了。
10. 一花一世界 ，一沙一天国， 君掌盛无边， 刹那含永劫。
11. “你以为，就因为我穷、低微、不美，我就没有心，没有灵魂吗？我也有一颗心，我们的精神是同等的。如果上帝赐于我美貌与财富的话，我也会让你难以离开我，就象我现在难以离开你一样。我不是根据习俗、常规，甚至也不是血肉之躯同你说话，而是我的灵魂同你的灵魂在对话，就仿佛我们两人穿过坟墓，站在上帝脚下，彼此平等---本来就如此！” 12. 她走在美的光彩中，象夜晚 皎洁无云而且繁星漫天； 明与暗的最美妙的色泽 在她的仪容和秋波里呈现：
13. 如果你能在秋季来到， 我会用掸子把夏季掸掉， 一半轻蔑，一半含笑，
象管家妇把苍蝇赶跑。
14.凯瑟琳.恩萧，只要在我还活着的时候；愿你也不得安息！你说我害了你—那么，缠着我吧！被害的人是缠着他的凶手的。我相信—我知道鬼魂是在人世间漫游的。那就永远跟着我—采取任何形式—把我逼疯吧！只要别把我撇在这个活渊里，这儿我找不到你！啊，上帝！真是没法说呀！没有我的生命，我不能活下去！没有我的灵魂，我不能活下去啊！
四．简述/简析
1. Jane Eyre is the greatest governess image in the literature history; can you analyze the
character of her?
(1)Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit & a longing to love & be loved, a poor, plain, little governess who dares to love her master, a man superior to her in many ways, & even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him, cuts a completely new woman image. In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive, kind-hearted, noble-minded
woman who pursues a genuine kind of love.
(2)Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for
recognition of their basic rights & equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings & her thought & inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience.
2. Analyze the themes of Herman Melville’s Moby Dick.
deep symbolic theme
(1)This book suggests the beauty, terror, and mystery of creation. It is a Shakespearean tragedy of man fighting against overwhelming odds in an indifferent and even hostile universe. Moby-Dick is not merely a whaling tale or sea adventure, considering that Melville is a great symbolist. It turns out to be a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe, a spiritual exploration into man‘s deep reality and psychology. This is shown in Captain Ahab's rebellious struggle against the overwhelming mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.
(2)In the perverted grandeur of Captain Ahab and in the beauties and terrors of the voyage of the "Pequod," however, Melville dramatized his bleak view of the world in which he lived. It is at once godless and purposeless. Man in this universe lives a meaningless and futile life, meaningless because futile.
3.Try to comment on Mark Twain’s writing style.
1.Twain as a local colorist
(1)Twain preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions.
(2)Unlike James and Howells, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people.
(3)Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to illustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.
2.his use of vernacular
(1)Another fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. (2)What's more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his local colorism.
(3)Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim.
(4)Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable literary medium in the literary history of the country.
3.his humor
(1)Mark Twain's humor is remarkable, his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall tales.
(2)A great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective.
4. Why Hardy give the subtitle of Tess of the D’urbervilles as A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayed. Tess was a pure woman.
a. pure here not refers to the physical meaning but the spiritual one.Throughout the novel, Tess was loyal to her true feelings. She remained her loyalty to Angel. Alec only claimed her body. She was spiritually with Angel all the time.
b. She is responsible and does her best for the family.
c. She is honest.
d. She could face her tragedy with great dignity.
5. We know that Herman Melville is a great symbolist, please analyze in detail the symbolic
meanings in Moby Dick.
symbolic meanings
Pequod: a miniature society by individualizing a train of characters. It is a symbol of the whole world with people of every land sailing across the waters of life in quest of its mystery. It is one of the American soul, a microcosm of American society.
The voyage itself is a metaphor for the search for the ultimate truth of experience.
Moby Dick: To the author, it symbols nature, it is complex, unfathomable and beautiful; To the captain Ahab, it is evilness, is a wall. So he will lead all his crew to cut through the wall to dig out all the unknown, mysterious things behind it. To the narrator, Ishmael, it is a mystery.
Its whiteness: also a paradoxical color, signifying as it does death and corruption as well as purity,
innocence, and youth.
6. Analyze "The Hemingway Code Hero"
(1) They are always exposed to and victimized by violence in various forms, Nick becomes the prototype of the wounded hero who, with all the dignity and courage he could muster, confronts situation.
(2) They are a group of wandering, amusing, but aimless people, who are caught in the war and removed
from the path of ordinary life.
(3) They are the men trapped both physically and mentally.
(4) God’s design or his beneficence and to suggest that man is doomed to be entrapped.
(5) They believe: life is worth living and there are causes worth dying for.
(6) In a tragic sense, the struggle of Hemingway’s heroes show: it is a representation of life as a struggle against unconquerable natural forces in which only a partial victory is possible. Nevertheless, there is a feeling of great respect for the struggle and mankind.
(7) Hemingway hero of athletic prowess and masculinity and unyielding heroism.
(8) To master the code with the honest, the discipline, and the restrains are Hemingway Code heroes. In the general situation of his novels, life is full of tension and battles; the world is in chaos; man is always fighting desperately a losing battle. However, though life is but a losing battle, it is a struggle man can dominate in such a way that loss becomes dignity; man can be physically destroyed but never defeated spiritually.
7. Say something about the features of Jane Austen’s novels.
Jane Eyre's character
(1)Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit & a longing to love & be loved, a poor, plain, little governess who dares to love her master, a man superior to her in many ways, & even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him, cuts a completely new woman image. In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive, kind-hearted, noble-minded woman who pursues a genuine kind of love.
(2)Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights & equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings & her thought & inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience.
8. Why do we say Tess’s tragedy is a personal as well as a social one?
(1)Tess’s fate is personal:
She happens to be so beautiful, so pure, so innocent, and so poor, and she happens to get involved with 2 men who, though apparent rivals, actually joint their forces in bringing about her destruction.
(2)Her fate is a social one:
It can be the fate of any country girl like her. It can be the fate of all the peasants who are driven out of their land and home and forced to seek somewhere else for sustenance.
9. Say something about the writing style of Thomas Hardy.
Writing Style
Most of his works have the gloomy, sullen landscape of Wessex in the background.
The underlying theme of his novels is the struggle of man against the mysterious force which rules the world, brings misfortune into man’s life and predetermines his fate. This fatalism is strongly reflected in his writings.
In his works the strong elements of naturalism is combined with a tendency towards symbolism, which somewhat spoil the main realistic effect of his art.
His novels move rapidly in a series of episodic descriptions with details which always result in leaving sufficient room for the readers’ imagination.
10. Try to make a comment on Mark Twain’s humor.
(1)Mark Twain's humor is remarkable, his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall tales.
(2)A great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax,
let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.