2014秋季高一英语14 Clint Liu
非谓语动词专项练习
7. (09福建34)
founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked
8．(09湖南23)
When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
9．(09湖南25)
At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
10. (09湖南29)
Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused
11. (09湖南31)
Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D . invited
12. (09江西22)
_______ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
13. (09江西34)
The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
14 (09海南30)
A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at
15. (09海南35)
Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
16. (09山东22)
We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday. (hold )
17. (09陕西12)
I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (take )
18. (09上海31)
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board. (kill )
19. (09上海33)
With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (affect )
20. (09上海35)
Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (hold )
名词性从句专项练习
6．（10浙江9）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
7. （10上海36）One reason for her preference for city life is places like shops and restaurants.
9. （10山东26） Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
12. （10全国Ⅰ33） We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
14. （10全国Ⅱ10）
—Have you finished the book?
—No, I’ve read up to _________ the children discover the secret cave.
15. （10江苏35）
—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s _______ I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
1. (09安徽32) a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains
2．(09湖南28) She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
3. (09江西33)
The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
定语从句专项练习
1.(07全国Ⅰ22)
Some pre-school children go to a day care center, learn simple games and songs. 2.(07
北京23)
We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people
3.(07上海37)
His movie won several awards at the film festival,
4.(07天津11)
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight matters more
5.(07安徽34) Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.
A.none of them
C.none of whom D.neither of whom
6.(07江西32)
7.(07湖南32) By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, can be very eye-
8.(07陕西20)
Today, we’ll discubeginners of English fail to use the
language
9.(07四川27)
It is reported that two schools, being built in my hometown ，will open next
A.they both
C.both of them D.both of which
10.(07北京23)
drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having
A
Domestic horses now pull ploughs (a kind of farm tool), race in the Kentucky Derby, and
carry police. But early horses weren’t tame enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions (相互影响) humans had with horses were far different from those today.
Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over
time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.
As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of horses would show more of these chosen characteristics.
Modern-day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist
in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds —typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.
The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were
important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.
65. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.
A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse
B. horses used to have gentle personalities
C. some horses have better shapes than others
D. horses were of less variety before domestication
66. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.
A. carrying heavy loads B. changing farming methods
C. serving as a means of transport D. advancing agriculture in different areas
67. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. why humans domesticated horses
B. how humans and horses needed each other
C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes
D. how human societies and horses influenced each other
B
Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier---the
shark(鲨鱼).
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.
Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure.
If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to
predict bad weather.
Miss Smith had previously studied the behavior of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.
She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen
University.
Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the
observation that juvenile (幼年的) blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.
Miss Smith said: ―I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an
interest in sharks.‖
―I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so
much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research.‖
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.
At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to
record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tide and temperature changes on
dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for
a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.
68. The passage is most probably taken from _____.
A. a short-story collection B. a popular science magazine
C. a research paper D. a personal diary
69. What do we learn from the first four paragraphs of the passage?
A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.
B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled.
C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.
D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.
70. Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______.
A. removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system
B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts
C. recording sharks’ body temperature
D. monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes
71. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A popular way of forecasting weather.
B. A new research effort in predicting storms.
C. Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks.
D. Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research.
(C)
Some nations think they must have more and more babies, more and more people, if they are
to remain strong and free.
Actually, this is not so. Very often in history, small nations have conquered large ones. It’s not
so much the size of the army as its organization and the technical level of its weapons. Thus, Greece took over Persia in the 300s B.C., Great Britain took over India in the 1700s, even though Persia and India had far bigger population than Greece and Great Britain.
If a nation wishes to avoid being dominated by its neighbors, its best chance is to raise its
standard of living and its level of technology. can be done best by not allowing its population to grow to such a point that it is sunk in misery and poverty. In fact, the worst way in which a nation can try to avoid being dominated by its neighbor is to increase its population to the point of misery and poverty.
If every nation tries to compete with its neighbors by raising its population, then the whole
world will be sunk in misery and poverty. The nations will become weak in a disaster that will leave nothing behind that is worth dominating. No one will have gained anything. Everyone will have lost everything.
Once all this is understood, and people generally agree that population growth must not be
allowed to continue, they must also come to understand how that growth can be stopped. Population grows because more people are being born than are dying. There are two ways, then, in which the growth can be stopped. You can increase the number of people who die until it matches the number of people who are being born. Or else you can decrease the number of people who are born until it matches the number of people who are dying.
The first method —increasing the death rate —is the usual way in which population is
controlled in all species of living things other than ourselves, but we don’t want that, for disaster lies that way. The intelligent way is to reduce the birth rate. But how can the birth rate be reduced?
72. In paragraph 3, the word ―This ‖ refers to ______.
A. avoidance of poverty
B. growth of population
C. improvement of life and technology
D. enhancement of living standard and competition
73. It can be inferred from the passage that if a country had fewer people, ______.
A. it could still remain strong B. it would be defeated by a strong neighbour
C. its standard of living could be high D. its people would live misery
74. What might the author be further discussing after the passage?
A. Needs to balance population. B. Problems involved in birth control.
C. Methods of decreasing population. D. Opposition from some nations.
75. The passage mainly focuses on ______.
A. why we must control population B. where we can find a solution
C. how to stop population growth
D. how to become a strong nation
Directions : Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because
shopping today seems to lack that personal contact which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing-powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social meeting place.
A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff were concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.
Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise, and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
81. The shopkeeper was often the most well-informed person in the neighborhood because _____________.
82. The words ―… a flood, a fire, a birth and a death …‖ in the last sentence refer to __________________.
83. Why is it a pity that there are fewer old-fashioned general stores now? ___________.
84. What must the manager do every morning? ___________________________.
Section B
Drunken driving ——sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of has
become a national infectious disease．Every hour of every day about three Americans on average beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours．Heavy drinking used to be an the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies,
it to 18．After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect educational programs to help young people to develop ―responsible attitudes‖ about drinking and strong pressure to drink.
Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a
marked decrease in fatalities （死亡事故）．Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他非常喜欢玩电脑游戏。(keen)
2．说实话，我发现有时候很难满足所有顾客的要求。 (meet)
3．只要不断努力，你们所有的梦想都会实现的。(as long as)
4．虽然困难重重，但他父母还是设法及时赶到了上海。( despite )
5．我们从不怀疑现在学的东西越多，将来就能工作得越好。(the more…, the more… )
25. A terrible earthquake hit the Pacific Ocean near Northeastern Japan _________ the afternoon of March 11, 2011.
26. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between the twins without hurting the feeling of _________, but failed．
A. none B. either C. all D. neither
27. Don’t trust such an advertisement on TV. That kind of electronic dictionary is _________ it says.
A. as good as B. not as good as
C. as well as D. not as well as
28. We didn’t dare to go out of the hotel _________ we ran into anything dangerous.
A. in case B. where C. so that D.
because
29. Peter, a fan of tennis, told me that the Chinese player Li Na _________ the second gold medal in the Australian Open Tennis Championship in the coffee bar the day before. (win )
30. I _________ the poor little rabbit, but I didn’t have any right drugs with me at that moment.
A. could have saved B. had saved
C. could save D. saved
31. Each means _________ to solve the problem, but none is effective. (try out)
32. You can never imagine what great trouble I have _________ this marble in my house. (find )
33. He is a student at Oxford University, _________ for a degree in computer science. (study )
34. _________ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
35. _________ gets home first is to cook supper for our big family.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Whom D. Those who
36. It was the way he said it rather than what he actually said _________ made me angry.
37. At the end of the program, the students are paid $600 – a way this program differs from others, _________ often charge a fee.
38. The first black president of the United States of America, Barack Obama, won the election in the end, but it remains, of course, _________ whether he can overcome the present difficulties. (see )
39. Carbon dioxide ______ from burning fuels is the most common of the ―greenhouse gases‖. (produce )
40. Only when _________ possible to settle the problem among the boy students.
A. does the class teacher come will it be
B. the class teacher comes will it be
C. has the class teacher come it will be
D. the class teacher comes it will be
新题型1
There is considerable variety in university classroom in the United States. Because of diverse
teaching methods and non-standardized curricula, no two courses are the same. Undergraduate courses are considerably different from graduate courses. The classroom atmosphere in expensive, private universities may differ from 1 in community colleges which are free and open to everyone.
Participation in the classroom is not only (accept) but also expected of the
student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade 3 the student’s oral participation.
4 there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e., listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures.
Many teachers believe that the responsibility for learning If a long reading assignment is given, instructor expects students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss 6 in class or give an examination. (Courses are not designed merely for students (pass ) exams.) The ideal student is considered to be one
8 is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one getting high grades.
Ideally, the teacher-student relationship at universities is characterized by trust. The honor
system,
10 (put) forward by the teacher and the university, demands that the student
11 (honest) in all areas of school work. Thus , cheating on tests, plagiarizing (抄袭) in written work, presenting others’ ideas as original, and turning in homework 12 (complete) by someone else are all prohibited.
Relationships between students in the classroom can be cooperative competitive. International students should not hesitate 14 (ask) for help if it is needed. There are courses, however, 15 grades are calculated in relation to other student’s
scores. Therefore, in classes where such a grading curve is used, students may be reluctant 16 (share) lecture notes or information for fear that their own grades will suffer.
新题型2
Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain change 1 (depend) on how we focus on a task. Concentrating on time passing, as we do when 2 (bore), will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.
In the study, 12 volunteers watched an image while researchers monitored their brain activity 3 (use) MRI scans. V olunteers were given a variety of tasks. In one they were told to concentrate simply on the duration of an image, in another they were asked to focus on the color, and in a third they were asked to concentrate on 4 duration and color.
The results showed that a network of brain regions was activated when more subjects were paid attention to duration. It 5 (think) that if the brain is busy focusing on many aspects of a task, then it has to spread 6 resources thinly, and pays less heed （注意）to time passing. Therefore, time passes without us really However, if the brain is not stimulated in this way, it concentrates its full energies on monitoring the passing of time. This may make time seem to drag, but in fact the researchers found that the more volunteers concentrated on the duration of the images, 8 (accurate) were their estimates of its duration.
Lead researcher Dr Jennifer Coull said many of the areas of the brain estimating time were the same that played a key role in controlling movement, and preparing for action. She said this overlap suggests that the brain may make sense of time as intervals between movements, in much the same way 10 a musician marks time with his foot, or an athlete anticipates the sound of a starter’s pistol（手枪）.
Vocabulary 2
1. ashamed adj. 惭愧的, 羞耻的; 难为情的 be ~ of sth / sb / oneself / be ~ to do sth / be ~ that…
He felt ashamed of having done so little work./ I’m ashamed to ask for help.
2. ask v. ask for / ask about = inquire about / ask after sb
3. asleep adj. fall ~ / go to sleep / feel sleepy / be fast, sound ~ ant. be wide awake
4. aspect n. look at every ~ of the problem / positive and negetive ~s of city life
5. associate vt 结合在一起 ~A with B Red is ~d with danger. vi. ~ with sb 与…交往 n. association a. 联合, 联盟association football 英式足球 ~ football b. 协会 a women’s ~
6. assemble v. All the students (were) ~d in the hall.
7. assess vt. 估价, 对…进行评估 / 评价 ~ the value of the house at $60,000 / ~ a school
8. assign vt. a. 布置/分配 ~ homework / a task to sb b. 指派/指定 ~ sb to do n. assignment
9. assist v. ~ sb in (doing) sth / ~ sb with sth / ~ sb to do sth n. assistance request ~
assistant
10. assume vt 假定 a. ~ a statement to be correct / It’s ~d that b. 承担 ~ office / a responsibility
11. assure vt 使(某人) 相信 ~ sb of sth / ~ sb that I ~ you of his honesty / that he’s honest. cf: ensure
12. astonish vt. be ~ed at sth / to do sth / that cf: surprise / amaze / shock n. astonishment to one’s ~
13. attach vt 连接; 使依附 ~ A to B ~ the wire to the radio / The school is ~ed to the Normal College.
这所学校附属于该师范学院。 ~ importance to sth 重视, 认为….重要 vi 附属
14. attack vt. a. ~ the enemy / a city vi. ~ at dawn b. 抨击 ~ government policy c. be ~ed with a disease
d. 腐蚀 Acid ~s metal. n. make / launch an ~ on / upon 向发动进攻, heart ~ 心脏病突发
15. attempt vt 企图; 试图; 试图做 ~ an escape / to escape n. make an attempt to escape / at escaping
Don ’t ~ the impossible. 不要试图做不可能的事。
16. attend vi 专心; 照顾 ~ to sb /sth ~ to one’s work / ~ (to) the wounded vt 照看; 出席 ~ a ceremony
17. attention [U] 注意; 注意力 call sb’s ~ to sth引起某人注意 / pay ~ to sth / catch sb’s ~, eye
draw, attract one’s ~ / bring sth to sb’s ~ / give one’s ~ to / devote one’s ~ to /stand at ~
18. attitude n. 态度; 看法 ~to / towards sth
19. attract vt. 吸引; 引起 ~ one’s attention, interest n. attraction tourist ~s adj. attractive
20. a large, small audience / an audience of 5 hundred
21. available adj. a. use all ~ means b. The book is ~ in any bookstore. c.The ticket is ~ for a week.
d. if I am not ~ e. be ~ to sb This kind of imformation is ~ to you on the Internet.
22. avenge vt. 为…报仇 ~ one ’s friend / oneself on sb 为自己向…报仇 She ~d herself on her father’s killers.
23. average adj. 中等的; 平等的; 平均的 n 平均; 平均数 an ~ student with an ~ intellect / of ~ height /
(well) above / below average / on (the) average
24. avoid vt. ~ doing sth try to ~ making mistakes
25. await vt. = wait for ~ sb / one’s answer
26. awake adj. 醒着的be wide, fully ~ / stay ~ / keep sb ~ / Are you fully awake to the danger you’re in?
v. (awoke, awoken) 醒; 弄醒; 引起 ~ to sth 领悟到; 意识到 ~ to the dangers / the opportunities
27. awaken vt 唤醒 a. be ~ed by the frightening noise b. 使意识到 ~ sb to a sense of responsibility
醒来, 叫/吵醒wake (up) / waken / awake / awaken，但awake / awaken多用比喻，
waken / awaken多用被动, awake主要用作形容词
28. award n. win /get the first ~ (= prize) vt. ~ sb sth (for sth) ~ sb a prize / a medal / a
scholarship
cf: reward sb with sth (for sth)
29. aware adj. be ~ of sth / that be ~ of the danger syn. be conscious of sth / that
30. awful adj. 非常的; 糟透了的 ~ weather / an ~ accident, experience adj. awfully ~ hot / sorry
31. awkward adj. an ~ boy / an ~ question / find oneself in an ~ situation 发现自己处于尴尬的局面
B
1. badly adv. 严重地; 厉害地 need, want ~ / ~ in need of repair/ badly off潦倒 ant. be well off
2. balance n. keep, upset , destroy, disturb the ~ of nature / a well - ~d diet / keep one’s ~ / provide a ~ between work and play
3. barber n. at the ~’s / the tailor’s / the doctor’s / the butcher’s / the chemist’s / the dentist’s / my uncle’s
4. ban vt 禁止 ~ sth / ~ doing / ~ sb from (doing) sth ~ (= prohibit) sb from smoking = forbid sb to smoke
n. ~ on sth / sb put a ban on the import of alcohol
5. bare adj. ~ hands / ~ feet / a ~ wall , hill 光秃秃山/ go out with one’s head ~ 不带帽 / a room ~ of furniture
6. bargain n. 特价商品; 交易 pick up good ~s / a bad, good bargain吃亏的交易/上算的交易
vi 讨价还价 (with sb)(about /over /for sth) ~ about prices
7. barrier n. language ~ / a ~ (= obstacle) to success
8. basis n. (pl. bases) 基础; 前提 the economic ~ / on the basis of … 以…为基础, 在…前提下
vt. base ~ sth on
9. bear vt. a. 忍受 ~ sth / to do / doing I can’t ~ the pain / to be laughed at / b eing laughed at.
b. 承担 ~ a heavy burden / the cost / the expense / the responsibility
c. 承受 The ice is too thin to ~ your weight. d. 标有What ~s the Red Cross must never be attacked.
e. 生育 His wife has borne (him) two children. f. bear / keep sth in mind
10. beat v & n. ~ sb in the face, on the nose / ~ sb at chess 在棋上打败 / ~ about the bush 旁敲侧击
/ feel my heart ~ fast / ~ the drum 打鼓 / No difficulty can ~ him. / ~ the record / ~ times 打拍子
11. before prep ~ long / long ~ / It will be, was + time befor e… cf: It …when / that / since
12. beg v. 乞求; 恳求 ~ from sb; ~for sth (from /of sb); beg sth of sb; ~ sb to do sth beg for money from passers-by / beg a favour of sb / beg sb not to take any risks /
I beg your pardon / go ~ging / reduce sb to ~ging n. beggar
13. behave vi. ~ well, strangely, badly / ~ oneself / a well -~d child
begin v. ~ with Knowledge ~s with practice./ to ~ with 首先 / Well began is half done.
2014秋季高一英语14 Clint Liu
非谓语动词专项练习
7. (09福建34)
founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked
8．(09湖南23)
When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
9．(09湖南25)
At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
10. (09湖南29)
Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused
11. (09湖南31)
Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D . invited
12. (09江西22)
_______ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
13. (09江西34)
The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
14 (09海南30)
A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at
15. (09海南35)
Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
16. (09山东22)
We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday. (hold )
17. (09陕西12)
I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (take )
18. (09上海31)
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board. (kill )
19. (09上海33)
With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (affect )
20. (09上海35)
Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (hold )
名词性从句专项练习
6．（10浙江9）It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
7. （10上海36）One reason for her preference for city life is places like shops and restaurants.
9. （10山东26） Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
12. （10全国Ⅰ33） We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
14. （10全国Ⅱ10）
—Have you finished the book?
—No, I’ve read up to _________ the children discover the secret cave.
15. （10江苏35）
—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s _______ I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.
1. (09安徽32) a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains
2．(09湖南28) She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
3. (09江西33)
The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
定语从句专项练习
1.(07全国Ⅰ22)
Some pre-school children go to a day care center, learn simple games and songs. 2.(07
北京23)
We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people
3.(07上海37)
His movie won several awards at the film festival,
4.(07天津11)
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight matters more
5.(07安徽34) Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.
A.none of them
C.none of whom D.neither of whom
6.(07江西32)
7.(07湖南32) By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, can be very eye-
8.(07陕西20)
Today, we’ll discubeginners of English fail to use the
language
9.(07四川27)
It is reported that two schools, being built in my hometown ，will open next
A.they both
C.both of them D.both of which
10.(07北京23)
drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having
A
Domestic horses now pull ploughs (a kind of farm tool), race in the Kentucky Derby, and
carry police. But early horses weren’t tame enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions (相互影响) humans had with horses were far different from those today.
Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over
time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.
As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of horses would show more of these chosen characteristics.
Modern-day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist
in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds —typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.
The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were
important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.
65. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.
A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse
B. horses used to have gentle personalities
C. some horses have better shapes than others
D. horses were of less variety before domestication
66. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.
A. carrying heavy loads B. changing farming methods
C. serving as a means of transport D. advancing agriculture in different areas
67. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. why humans domesticated horses
B. how humans and horses needed each other
C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes
D. how human societies and horses influenced each other
B
Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishier---the
shark(鲨鱼).
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms.
Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure.
If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to
predict bad weather.
Miss Smith had previously studied the behavior of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.
She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen
University.
Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the
observation that juvenile (幼年的) blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.
Miss Smith said: ―I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an
interest in sharks.‖
―I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so
much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research.‖
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.
At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to
record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tide and temperature changes on
dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic(模拟) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for
a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.
68. The passage is most probably taken from _____.
A. a short-story collection B. a popular science magazine
C. a research paper D. a personal diary
69. What do we learn from the first four paragraphs of the passage?
A. Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.
B. Sharks’ behaviour can be controlled.
C. Michael Fish is not qualified for his job.
D. Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.
70. Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______.
A. removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system
B. measuring the air pressure of weather fronts
C. recording sharks’ body temperature
D. monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes
71. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A popular way of forecasting weather.
B. A new research effort in predicting storms.
C. Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks.
D. Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research.
(C)
Some nations think they must have more and more babies, more and more people, if they are
to remain strong and free.
Actually, this is not so. Very often in history, small nations have conquered large ones. It’s not
so much the size of the army as its organization and the technical level of its weapons. Thus, Greece took over Persia in the 300s B.C., Great Britain took over India in the 1700s, even though Persia and India had far bigger population than Greece and Great Britain.
If a nation wishes to avoid being dominated by its neighbors, its best chance is to raise its
standard of living and its level of technology. can be done best by not allowing its population to grow to such a point that it is sunk in misery and poverty. In fact, the worst way in which a nation can try to avoid being dominated by its neighbor is to increase its population to the point of misery and poverty.
If every nation tries to compete with its neighbors by raising its population, then the whole
world will be sunk in misery and poverty. The nations will become weak in a disaster that will leave nothing behind that is worth dominating. No one will have gained anything. Everyone will have lost everything.
Once all this is understood, and people generally agree that population growth must not be
allowed to continue, they must also come to understand how that growth can be stopped. Population grows because more people are being born than are dying. There are two ways, then, in which the growth can be stopped. You can increase the number of people who die until it matches the number of people who are being born. Or else you can decrease the number of people who are born until it matches the number of people who are dying.
The first method —increasing the death rate —is the usual way in which population is
controlled in all species of living things other than ourselves, but we don’t want that, for disaster lies that way. The intelligent way is to reduce the birth rate. But how can the birth rate be reduced?
72. In paragraph 3, the word ―This ‖ refers to ______.
A. avoidance of poverty
B. growth of population
C. improvement of life and technology
D. enhancement of living standard and competition
73. It can be inferred from the passage that if a country had fewer people, ______.
A. it could still remain strong B. it would be defeated by a strong neighbour
C. its standard of living could be high D. its people would live misery
74. What might the author be further discussing after the passage?
A. Needs to balance population. B. Problems involved in birth control.
C. Methods of decreasing population. D. Opposition from some nations.
75. The passage mainly focuses on ______.
A. why we must control population B. where we can find a solution
C. how to stop population growth
D. how to become a strong nation
Directions : Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because
shopping today seems to lack that personal contact which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing-powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social meeting place.
A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff were concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.
Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise, and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
81. The shopkeeper was often the most well-informed person in the neighborhood because _____________.
82. The words ―… a flood, a fire, a birth and a death …‖ in the last sentence refer to __________________.
83. Why is it a pity that there are fewer old-fashioned general stores now? ___________.
84. What must the manager do every morning? ___________________________.
Section B
Drunken driving ——sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of has
become a national infectious disease．Every hour of every day about three Americans on average beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours．Heavy drinking used to be an the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies,
it to 18．After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect educational programs to help young people to develop ―responsible attitudes‖ about drinking and strong pressure to drink.
Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a
marked decrease in fatalities （死亡事故）．Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他非常喜欢玩电脑游戏。(keen)
2．说实话，我发现有时候很难满足所有顾客的要求。 (meet)
3．只要不断努力，你们所有的梦想都会实现的。(as long as)
4．虽然困难重重，但他父母还是设法及时赶到了上海。( despite )
5．我们从不怀疑现在学的东西越多，将来就能工作得越好。(the more…, the more… )
25. A terrible earthquake hit the Pacific Ocean near Northeastern Japan _________ the afternoon of March 11, 2011.
26. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between the twins without hurting the feeling of _________, but failed．
A. none B. either C. all D. neither
27. Don’t trust such an advertisement on TV. That kind of electronic dictionary is _________ it says.
A. as good as B. not as good as
C. as well as D. not as well as
28. We didn’t dare to go out of the hotel _________ we ran into anything dangerous.
A. in case B. where C. so that D.
because
29. Peter, a fan of tennis, told me that the Chinese player Li Na _________ the second gold medal in the Australian Open Tennis Championship in the coffee bar the day before. (win )
30. I _________ the poor little rabbit, but I didn’t have any right drugs with me at that moment.
A. could have saved B. had saved
C. could save D. saved
31. Each means _________ to solve the problem, but none is effective. (try out)
32. You can never imagine what great trouble I have _________ this marble in my house. (find )
33. He is a student at Oxford University, _________ for a degree in computer science. (study )
34. _________ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
35. _________ gets home first is to cook supper for our big family.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Whom D. Those who
36. It was the way he said it rather than what he actually said _________ made me angry.
37. At the end of the program, the students are paid $600 – a way this program differs from others, _________ often charge a fee.
38. The first black president of the United States of America, Barack Obama, won the election in the end, but it remains, of course, _________ whether he can overcome the present difficulties. (see )
39. Carbon dioxide ______ from burning fuels is the most common of the ―greenhouse gases‖. (produce )
40. Only when _________ possible to settle the problem among the boy students.
A. does the class teacher come will it be
B. the class teacher comes will it be
C. has the class teacher come it will be
D. the class teacher comes it will be
新题型1
There is considerable variety in university classroom in the United States. Because of diverse
teaching methods and non-standardized curricula, no two courses are the same. Undergraduate courses are considerably different from graduate courses. The classroom atmosphere in expensive, private universities may differ from 1 in community colleges which are free and open to everyone.
Participation in the classroom is not only (accept) but also expected of the
student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade 3 the student’s oral participation.
4 there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e., listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures.
Many teachers believe that the responsibility for learning If a long reading assignment is given, instructor expects students to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss 6 in class or give an examination. (Courses are not designed merely for students (pass ) exams.) The ideal student is considered to be one
8 is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one getting high grades.
Ideally, the teacher-student relationship at universities is characterized by trust. The honor
system,
10 (put) forward by the teacher and the university, demands that the student
11 (honest) in all areas of school work. Thus , cheating on tests, plagiarizing (抄袭) in written work, presenting others’ ideas as original, and turning in homework 12 (complete) by someone else are all prohibited.
Relationships between students in the classroom can be cooperative competitive. International students should not hesitate 14 (ask) for help if it is needed. There are courses, however, 15 grades are calculated in relation to other student’s
scores. Therefore, in classes where such a grading curve is used, students may be reluctant 16 (share) lecture notes or information for fear that their own grades will suffer.
新题型2
Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain change 1 (depend) on how we focus on a task. Concentrating on time passing, as we do when 2 (bore), will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.
In the study, 12 volunteers watched an image while researchers monitored their brain activity 3 (use) MRI scans. V olunteers were given a variety of tasks. In one they were told to concentrate simply on the duration of an image, in another they were asked to focus on the color, and in a third they were asked to concentrate on 4 duration and color.
The results showed that a network of brain regions was activated when more subjects were paid attention to duration. It 5 (think) that if the brain is busy focusing on many aspects of a task, then it has to spread 6 resources thinly, and pays less heed （注意）to time passing. Therefore, time passes without us really However, if the brain is not stimulated in this way, it concentrates its full energies on monitoring the passing of time. This may make time seem to drag, but in fact the researchers found that the more volunteers concentrated on the duration of the images, 8 (accurate) were their estimates of its duration.
Lead researcher Dr Jennifer Coull said many of the areas of the brain estimating time were the same that played a key role in controlling movement, and preparing for action. She said this overlap suggests that the brain may make sense of time as intervals between movements, in much the same way 10 a musician marks time with his foot, or an athlete anticipates the sound of a starter’s pistol（手枪）.
Vocabulary 2
1. ashamed adj. 惭愧的, 羞耻的; 难为情的 be ~ of sth / sb / oneself / be ~ to do sth / be ~ that…
He felt ashamed of having done so little work./ I’m ashamed to ask for help.
2. ask v. ask for / ask about = inquire about / ask after sb
3. asleep adj. fall ~ / go to sleep / feel sleepy / be fast, sound ~ ant. be wide awake
4. aspect n. look at every ~ of the problem / positive and negetive ~s of city life
5. associate vt 结合在一起 ~A with B Red is ~d with danger. vi. ~ with sb 与…交往 n. association a. 联合, 联盟association football 英式足球 ~ football b. 协会 a women’s ~
6. assemble v. All the students (were) ~d in the hall.
7. assess vt. 估价, 对…进行评估 / 评价 ~ the value of the house at $60,000 / ~ a school
8. assign vt. a. 布置/分配 ~ homework / a task to sb b. 指派/指定 ~ sb to do n. assignment
9. assist v. ~ sb in (doing) sth / ~ sb with sth / ~ sb to do sth n. assistance request ~
assistant
10. assume vt 假定 a. ~ a statement to be correct / It’s ~d that b. 承担 ~ office / a responsibility
11. assure vt 使(某人) 相信 ~ sb of sth / ~ sb that I ~ you of his honesty / that he’s honest. cf: ensure
12. astonish vt. be ~ed at sth / to do sth / that cf: surprise / amaze / shock n. astonishment to one’s ~
13. attach vt 连接; 使依附 ~ A to B ~ the wire to the radio / The school is ~ed to the Normal College.
这所学校附属于该师范学院。 ~ importance to sth 重视, 认为….重要 vi 附属
14. attack vt. a. ~ the enemy / a city vi. ~ at dawn b. 抨击 ~ government policy c. be ~ed with a disease
d. 腐蚀 Acid ~s metal. n. make / launch an ~ on / upon 向发动进攻, heart ~ 心脏病突发
15. attempt vt 企图; 试图; 试图做 ~ an escape / to escape n. make an attempt to escape / at escaping
Don ’t ~ the impossible. 不要试图做不可能的事。
16. attend vi 专心; 照顾 ~ to sb /sth ~ to one’s work / ~ (to) the wounded vt 照看; 出席 ~ a ceremony
17. attention [U] 注意; 注意力 call sb’s ~ to sth引起某人注意 / pay ~ to sth / catch sb’s ~, eye
draw, attract one’s ~ / bring sth to sb’s ~ / give one’s ~ to / devote one’s ~ to /stand at ~
18. attitude n. 态度; 看法 ~to / towards sth
19. attract vt. 吸引; 引起 ~ one’s attention, interest n. attraction tourist ~s adj. attractive
20. a large, small audience / an audience of 5 hundred
21. available adj. a. use all ~ means b. The book is ~ in any bookstore. c.The ticket is ~ for a week.
d. if I am not ~ e. be ~ to sb This kind of imformation is ~ to you on the Internet.
22. avenge vt. 为…报仇 ~ one ’s friend / oneself on sb 为自己向…报仇 She ~d herself on her father’s killers.
23. average adj. 中等的; 平等的; 平均的 n 平均; 平均数 an ~ student with an ~ intellect / of ~ height /
(well) above / below average / on (the) average
24. avoid vt. ~ doing sth try to ~ making mistakes
25. await vt. = wait for ~ sb / one’s answer
26. awake adj. 醒着的be wide, fully ~ / stay ~ / keep sb ~ / Are you fully awake to the danger you’re in?
v. (awoke, awoken) 醒; 弄醒; 引起 ~ to sth 领悟到; 意识到 ~ to the dangers / the opportunities
27. awaken vt 唤醒 a. be ~ed by the frightening noise b. 使意识到 ~ sb to a sense of responsibility
醒来, 叫/吵醒wake (up) / waken / awake / awaken，但awake / awaken多用比喻，
waken / awaken多用被动, awake主要用作形容词
28. award n. win /get the first ~ (= prize) vt. ~ sb sth (for sth) ~ sb a prize / a medal / a
scholarship
cf: reward sb with sth (for sth)
29. aware adj. be ~ of sth / that be ~ of the danger syn. be conscious of sth / that
30. awful adj. 非常的; 糟透了的 ~ weather / an ~ accident, experience adj. awfully ~ hot / sorry
31. awkward adj. an ~ boy / an ~ question / find oneself in an ~ situation 发现自己处于尴尬的局面
B
1. badly adv. 严重地; 厉害地 need, want ~ / ~ in need of repair/ badly off潦倒 ant. be well off
2. balance n. keep, upset , destroy, disturb the ~ of nature / a well - ~d diet / keep one’s ~ / provide a ~ between work and play
3. barber n. at the ~’s / the tailor’s / the doctor’s / the butcher’s / the chemist’s / the dentist’s / my uncle’s
4. ban vt 禁止 ~ sth / ~ doing / ~ sb from (doing) sth ~ (= prohibit) sb from smoking = forbid sb to smoke
n. ~ on sth / sb put a ban on the import of alcohol
5. bare adj. ~ hands / ~ feet / a ~ wall , hill 光秃秃山/ go out with one’s head ~ 不带帽 / a room ~ of furniture
6. bargain n. 特价商品; 交易 pick up good ~s / a bad, good bargain吃亏的交易/上算的交易
vi 讨价还价 (with sb)(about /over /for sth) ~ about prices
7. barrier n. language ~ / a ~ (= obstacle) to success
8. basis n. (pl. bases) 基础; 前提 the economic ~ / on the basis of … 以…为基础, 在…前提下
vt. base ~ sth on
9. bear vt. a. 忍受 ~ sth / to do / doing I can’t ~ the pain / to be laughed at / b eing laughed at.
b. 承担 ~ a heavy burden / the cost / the expense / the responsibility
c. 承受 The ice is too thin to ~ your weight. d. 标有What ~s the Red Cross must never be attacked.
e. 生育 His wife has borne (him) two children. f. bear / keep sth in mind
10. beat v & n. ~ sb in the face, on the nose / ~ sb at chess 在棋上打败 / ~ about the bush 旁敲侧击
/ feel my heart ~ fast / ~ the drum 打鼓 / No difficulty can ~ him. / ~ the record / ~ times 打拍子
11. before prep ~ long / long ~ / It will be, was + time befor e… cf: It …when / that / since
12. beg v. 乞求; 恳求 ~ from sb; ~for sth (from /of sb); beg sth of sb; ~ sb to do sth beg for money from passers-by / beg a favour of sb / beg sb not to take any risks /
I beg your pardon / go ~ging / reduce sb to ~ging n. beggar
13. behave vi. ~ well, strangely, badly / ~ oneself / a well -~d child
begin v. ~ with Knowledge ~s with practice./ to ~ with 首先 / Well began is half done.