Unit 1
重点知识
1. Welcome to Beihai Park. 欢迎来到北海公园。（教材第64页）
“welcome to +地点”表示“欢迎到某地”，介词to 表示方向。welcome to 后跟
地点副词home, here, there 时，介词to 省略。
Welcome to Beijing.欢迎来到北京。
Welcome here. 欢迎来这里。
〔拓展〕welcome 的其他用法：
①作形容词，“受欢迎的；不必感谢的”。
He ’s a welcome teacher. 他是一位受欢迎的老师。
－ Thank you.谢谢你。
－You ’re welcome. 不用谢。
②作名词，“欢迎；迎接”，常用短语：give sb. a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人。
Let ’s give him a warm welcome.让我们对他表示热烈的欢迎。
③作动词，“欢迎”。
We ’re welcoming the new teacher. 我们正在欢迎这位新来的老师。
2. It’s so quiet here that I can even hear the birds singing!
这里安静得我甚至能听见鸟儿在歌唱。（教材第64页）
①so…that 引导结果状语从句, 意为“如此……, 以至于……”。
e.g. I was so tired that I slept in this chair.
我太累了, 在椅子上睡着了。
I got up early so that I could catch the earlly bus. 我早起床，以便能赶上早班车。
② hear sb. doing sth. 意为“听见某人正在做某事”，强调听见的动作正在进行。
I hear them singing in the classroom.我听见他们正在教师里唱歌。
〔拓展〕 hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做了某事”，强调听见整个事情、行为
的全过程。
I often hear her play the piano. 我经常听见她她弹钢琴。
3. I can hardly belive we ’re in the city centre. 我几乎不相信我们是在市中心。
（教材第64页）
hardly adv . 几乎不, 几乎没，含有否定的意味，与almost not同义。在句中常置于
连系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
e.g. I can hardly finish the work in a day.我不可能一天内完成这项工作。
I can hardly dance. 我几乎不会跳舞。
She always does very well in the English exams.But she can
understand
English radio programs.
A.always B.hardly C.already D.easily
答案：B
4. This park is famous for its lake, the bridge and the ancient buildings on the hill.
这个公园因为它的湖、桥和山上的古建筑而闻名。（教材第64页）
be famous for 意为“因...... 而闻名/著名”，相当于be known for.
He is famous for his works.他因其作品而闻名。
5. The lake takes up over half of the park area.湖占据了这个公园一半多的面积。
（教材第64页）
①take up 表示“占去(时间或空间)”。
e.g. This desk takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。
②over 副词，意为“多于；大于”。
Over ten people spoke at the meeting.十多个人在会上发了言。
She has remembered over 2,000 English words. 她已记住了两千多个英语单词。
〔拓展〕over 的其他用法：
①“在...... 之上”，有在垂直上方的意思，反义词为under.
There is a light over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。
②越过
He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。
6 Then I can point out the sights of Beijing for you.然后我可以为你们指出北京
的景点。（教材第64页）
①point out 表示“指出，指明”。
Please point out the mistakes. 请指出错误。
If you see that boy, please point him out for me.如果你看到那个男孩, 请把他指给
我看。
[拓展] 与point 相关的短语：
point to/at 意为“指向，指着”，to 强调远距离，at 距离近距离。
He pointed to the hill. 他指着那座山。
Don ’t point at people with a finger. 不要用手指指着人。
② sight 可数名词，意为“风景；名胜”，常用复数形式；see the sights浏览名胜
Do you know the sights of Henan? 你知道河南的名胜吗？
Why not see the sights together with us? 为什么不和我们一起游览名胜呢？
7. I don’t think they allow people to swim in the lake. 我想这里禁止游泳。（教材
第64页）
(1)当主句谓语动词是think, believe, feel, guess, expect, suppose等表示“观点、信念、
推测、臆测”等心理活动时，常常使用否定前置结构（即把宾语从句中的否定词
not 转移到主句中的表达方式）。例如：
I don’ t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
(2)allow作“允许”或“许可”讲，其常用搭配：
allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”；
allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。例如：
Please allow me to carry your bag.
请让我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.
他们只允许在这间屋子里抽烟。
8. I think it’s better to have our picnic at the top of the hill. 我认为在山顶上野餐
更好。（教材第64页）
at the top of 意为“在...... 的顶端”。
Children are planting trees at the top of the hill. 孩子们在山顶上植树。
Don ’t shout at the top of your voice. 不要高声叫喊。
〔拓展〕on the top of 意为“在...... 上”
There is a bird on the top of the house. 房顶上有一只鸟。
9. Come on! 快点儿！（教材第64页）
come on 此处意为“赶快”，一般置于祈使句中，用来催促、鼓励对方等。
Come on! We’ll get to the camp soon. 快点儿！ 我们很快就到达营地了。
〔拓展〕come on还有“打开”“进行”之意。
The red light doesn’t come on. 红色指示灯不亮了。
How are things coming on? 情况怎么样？
10. Let's not waste any more time. 我们不要再浪费时间了。（教材第64页）
waste 此处为及物动词，意为“浪费”
We shouldn’t waste water. 我们不应该浪费水。
〔拓展〕
(1)waste time/money on sth. “浪费时间/金钱于某物上”
Too many students waste time on TV. 太多学生把时间浪费在看电视上。
(2)waste time/money (in) doing sth. “浪费时间/金钱做某事”
Don ’t waste your time in playing computer games.别浪费你的时间玩电脑游戏了。
1. The box ____ too much room, please take it out of the room.
A. takes up B. take up
C. takes off D. take off
2. If there are mistakes, please ______ for me.
A. point it out B. point them out
C. point out it D. point out them
3. I can ____ believe the wind is so strong.
A. hard B. hardly
C. sometimes D. often
4. They hope to stand ____ the top of the mountains one day.
A. at B. on C. to D. In
Keys: ABBA
中考链接
1. He felt _____ curious that he asked ____ many questions about it.
【2013 山东盐城】
A. such, such B. so, so
C. such, so D. so, such
2. I don’t think fast food is good for our health, so I ____ eat it. 【2013 四川南充】
A. usually B. hardly C. always
3. Many children ____ in Britain to have their own bank cards these days. 【2013盐
城】
A. allow B. allowed
C. are allowed D. were allowed
4. --- How is Helen in the new school?
--- She is doing very well. There is ____ to worry about. 【2012安徽】
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
5. David was so excited at the good news that he could ______ say a word. 【2013山
东临沂】
A. nearly B. hard
C. ever D. hardly
6. — Excuse me, sir, smoking _______ in the gas station.
— Oh, I’m really sorry. 【2013福建福州】
A. doesn’t allow
B. isn’t allowed
C. aren’t allowed
Keys: 1-6 BBCCDB
Unit 2重点知识
1. I promised to write... 我答应过要写信...... (教材第66页)
promise to do sth. 意为“许诺/答应做某事”。
My father promised to buy a bike for me. 我父亲许诺过给我买一辆自行车。
[拓展]
① promise sb. sth. 意为“许诺某人某物”。
She promised me a new watch. 她答应过给我一块新手表。
promise+that 从句... 意为“答应...... ”.
He promises that he can return on time. 他保证他能按时回来。
② promise 还可用作名词，意为“允许，诺言”。
make a promise 许下诺言 keep a promise 遵守诺言 break a promise 不遵守诺言
2. Some of them look like humans while others look like wild animals.一些看起来像人，而另一些看起来像野生动物。(教材第66页)
① human 此处为可数名词，意为“人；人类”，与human being同义。
A human can think and talk, but an animal cannot. 人能思考和说话，但动物不能。 〔拓展〕human 还可用作形容词，意为“人的，人类；通人性的”。
she is really human when you know her 当你了解她时，她实际上是很有人情味的。
② while 此处为连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比。
He is a worker while I am a doctor. 他是工人而我是医生。
I like music, while he likes sports. 我喜欢音乐，然而他喜欢运动。
〔拓展〕
① while 作连词，还可意为“当...... 时候”，引导状语从句。
While I was watching TV, my father came back. 当我在看电视时，我父亲回来了。 ②while 还可用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。
You ’d better rest for a while. 你最好休息一会儿。
③some… others… 一些......, 另一些......
e.g. ：Some students are playing games, and others are playing chess. 一些同学在做游戏，其他的同学在下象棋。
3. It woke everybody up.每个人都被吵醒了。(教材第66页)
wake 的过去式为woke ，过去分词为 woken 。wake up 是固定短语，意为“叫醒……”。当wake up的宾语是名词时，宾语可放在wake 和up 的中间或up 的后面；当wake up的宾语是代词时，宾语只能放在wake 和up 的中间。例如：
Don’t wake up the baby.
= Don’t wake the baby up.
Let’s wake him up now.
[拓展]wake还可用作及物动词，意为“唤醒”。
Mum, wake me at five. 妈妈，在5点钟叫醒我。
4. We thought somebody was moving about. 我们认为有人正在四处走动。(教材
第66页)
①somebody 表示“某人，有人”，用在肯定句中，作单数，与someone 同义。 There ’s somebody in the room.房间里有人。
Somebody wants to see you，Mary. 玛丽，有人要见你。
在否定句和疑问句中要用anybody 。例如：
Is there anybody playing football on the playground?
② move about 意为“四处走动；到处旅行”。
Sit down, Tom. Don’t move about. 坐下，汤姆。不要四处走动。
She moved about a lot.她到过许多地方。
〔拓展〕与move 相关的短语：
move away 离开，搬走 move in 迁入
move on 继续向前移动 move out 迁出；搬出
5. We could only see the mountain tops above the clouds. 我们只能看到云雾缭
绕的山顶。(教材第66页)
above 介词，意为“在...... 之上”。
There is a picture above the bookshelf. 书架上方有一张图画。
in 在里面on 在上，by 和beside 在近旁；
above 表示在上方，below 恰好为反向。
若表示正上用over ，under 表示正下方。
6. Then we walked down the path... 然后我们顺路而下..... .(教材第66页) path 可数名词，意为“下路；路径”。
Mr Li is taking a walk along a path in the park.李先生在公园里沿着小路散步。
7. I pulled a leaf off a plant... 我从一株植物上扯下了一片叶子...... (教材第66页) pull 作动词时，可意为“拉，拖，拔”，表示把物体用力向自己的方向拉并使其移动。和pull 相对应的词是push ，意为“推”。如：
Don’t push the door. Pull it, please.
pull sth. off …表示“从…...拉下...…”。例如：
The child pulled a flower off the plant.
12. We came out without making any noise, ... 我们悄悄地走出去...... (教材第66页)
without doing sth. 表示“没有做某事”。
make noise 表示“产生噪音，发出声响。
例如：
He walked past me without making any noise.
13. But it was a pity that it was cloudy. 但遗憾的是天气阴沉。(教材第66页) “It’s a pity that + 从句”，表示“很遗憾 ...…”。例如：
It’s a pity that he failed the exam.
14. Last night we camped by a small lake.昨晚我们在一个小湖边宿营。(教材第
66页)
by a small lake “by…” 在一边／旁
e.g : I’m standing by the desk.我站在课桌旁。
15. Tomorrow we’re going to Dongting Lake,the second largest freshwater lake in China. 明天我们将去洞庭湖—— 中国的第二大淡水湖。(教材第66页) the second largest 第二大的
“the+序数词＋最高级...... ” 表示“第几(最)...... 的”
e.g : Yellow River is the second largest river in China.黄河是中国第二大河。
16. Wish you were here! 如果你们能在这里该多好！(教材第66页)
wish 此处为及物动词，意为“希望”，后跟宾语从句，用了虚拟语气，表示对与现在的情况相反的希望，宾语从句中谓语动词用过去式，be 动词则用were. I wish I were you. 我希望我是你。
My parents wish me to be healthy. 我父母希望我健康。
Unit 3
1. He wants to go to a big city and do sightseeing. 他想去大城市观光。（教材第68页）
do sightseeing 意为“观光”
We are going to do sightseeing this summer.我们打算这个夏天去观光。
〔拓展〕
① do some sightseeing 意为“观光”，与 do sightseeing同义。
Did you do any sightseeing last weekend? 上周末你们去观光旅游了吗？ ② go sightseeing 意为“去观光”
How about going sightseeing? 去观光怎么样？
2. ... talk about them in the end... ......最后谈论它们吧...... （教材第70页） in the end 意为“最后；终于”。
Everything will be all right in the end. 最终一切都会好的。
He bought the house in the end. 他终于买下了这栋房子。
He spoke at the meeting finally. 他在会上最后发言。
At last we arrived home! 我们终于到家了！
3. Walkers have to be careful because the weather can change suddenly... 步行者需要很小心，因为天气可能瞬间变化...... （教材第71页）
be careful 意为“小心”
You should be careful; the ground is wet. 你应该小心，地面很湿。
〔拓展〕be careful的其他用法：
①be careful 表“当心”时可单独使用，目的是为了引起他人的注意。 Be careful! It’s wet on the ground. 当心！地面很湿。
② be careful of/about sth. 意为“小心某物”。
We must be careful of the snakes.我们必须小心蛇。
③ be careful to do sth. 意为“小心地做某事”
He was careful to keep out of sight. 他小心地避开别人的视线。
4. The Lake District is popular with artists who like to paint the beautiful countryside. 湖区深受热爱画美丽乡村景色的艺术家的欢迎。（教材第71页） be popular with 意为“受...... 欢迎”，后接表示人的名词或代词。
This song is the most popular with old people. 这首歌最受老年人的欢迎。
模块大归纳
重点短语
1.time off 休假
2.in the city centre 在市中心
3.be famous for 因...... 而著名
4.take up 占据
5.point out指出
6.at the top of 在...... 的顶端
7.look like 看起来像
8.wake sb. up 唤醒某人
9.move about 四处走动
10.not... any more 不再
11.in the end 最后
12.be careful 小心
13.be popular with 受...... 欢迎
用法集萃
1. so...that+从句 如此...... 以致......
2. welcome to +地点 欢迎来到......
3. hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
4. allow sb. to so sth. 允许某人做某事
5. promise to do sth. 答应/许诺做某事
6. without doing sth. 没做某事
7. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
8. the + 序数词＋形容词最高级 第几...... 的
9. would like sb. to do sth. 想让某人去做某事
Module 8语法－宾语从句
一、定义
我们在第六模块复习了简单句的几种基本句型, 其中有一种是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。其中, 名词、代词、动词的-ing 形式或to do形式都可以作宾语，例如buy a book, beat him, stop doing sth., want to do sth.等。这些例子中的宾语是用一个单词或短语来表达的。但是, 当要用英语表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”时，我们就无法在know 后用一个单词表达出“你昨天去看电影了”这个意思。“你昨天去看电影了”这个结构中包含行为本身，行为的发出者和行为的承受者，是一个完整的句子，因此只能用句子表达。这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子, 我们称为“宾语从句”。
二、类型
宾语从句分为三类：
1. that 引导的宾语从句
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
2. whether/if 引导的宾语从句
I’m not sure if he will come.
3. 疑问词引导的宾语从句
I want to know what he will do next.
三、详解
1. that引导的宾语从句
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，其后面的句子一般用that 引导。that 没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下 that 可以省略。
例如：
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air.
常接 that 宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope,
imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, under, stand, warn, wish等。 找出下列句子中所含的宾语从句
1. We thought somebody was moving about.
2. Lingling’s uncle said it was an animal.
3. We came out without making any noise, and found it was just a hungry monkey
looking for food.
4. ..., but Lingling’s uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants and that we
should protect everything here.
2. 宾语从句的时态
主句中谓语动词是现在的某种时态，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况判断时态；
主句中谓语动词是过去的某种时态，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应；
注意当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible．
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible．
他说他想尽快见到他。
He says that he is mending his bike．
He said that he was mending his bike．
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun．
3. 宾语从句的否定转移
主句是 I/We think/suppose/guess/ believe 等，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中，这就是否定转移。
e.g. 我认为鸡不会游泳。
误：I think chickens can not swim．
正：I don't think chickens can swim.
中考链接
1. The official said they a new law to protect the tourists the next year.
A.makes B.would make C.made D.have made
2. I know I promised to take you to dinner, but I won’t finish working until ten o’clock.
A.that B.if C.what D.why
Key: B A
语法专练
1. He said ____ he wouldn’t be free until tomorrow afternoon.
A. which B. that C. where D. if
2. I usually spend half an hour ____ TV at home.
A. watch B. see
C. watching D. seeing
3. Mr Read said that he ____ English at a middle school in Beijing.
A. teach B. teaches
C. teaching D. taught
4. The teacher told us that the earth ____ around the sun.
A. go B. goes
C. went D. Going
5. He said he three English songs since he came here.
A.learned B.had learned C.would learn D.has learned
6. Mr White hoped he China the next year.
A.would visit B.will visit C.visit D.visited
7. Her brother said that he the club in 2010.
A.has joined B.joined C.join D.joins
8. They told the children that summer after spring.
A.comes B.come C.came D.has come
答案：1-5BCDBA 6-8 A BA
Unit 1
重点知识
1. Welcome to Beihai Park. 欢迎来到北海公园。（教材第64页）
“welcome to +地点”表示“欢迎到某地”，介词to 表示方向。welcome to 后跟
地点副词home, here, there 时，介词to 省略。
Welcome to Beijing.欢迎来到北京。
Welcome here. 欢迎来这里。
〔拓展〕welcome 的其他用法：
①作形容词，“受欢迎的；不必感谢的”。
He ’s a welcome teacher. 他是一位受欢迎的老师。
－ Thank you.谢谢你。
－You ’re welcome. 不用谢。
②作名词，“欢迎；迎接”，常用短语：give sb. a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人。
Let ’s give him a warm welcome.让我们对他表示热烈的欢迎。
③作动词，“欢迎”。
We ’re welcoming the new teacher. 我们正在欢迎这位新来的老师。
2. It’s so quiet here that I can even hear the birds singing!
这里安静得我甚至能听见鸟儿在歌唱。（教材第64页）
①so…that 引导结果状语从句, 意为“如此……, 以至于……”。
e.g. I was so tired that I slept in this chair.
我太累了, 在椅子上睡着了。
I got up early so that I could catch the earlly bus. 我早起床，以便能赶上早班车。
② hear sb. doing sth. 意为“听见某人正在做某事”，强调听见的动作正在进行。
I hear them singing in the classroom.我听见他们正在教师里唱歌。
〔拓展〕 hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做了某事”，强调听见整个事情、行为
的全过程。
I often hear her play the piano. 我经常听见她她弹钢琴。
3. I can hardly belive we ’re in the city centre. 我几乎不相信我们是在市中心。
（教材第64页）
hardly adv . 几乎不, 几乎没，含有否定的意味，与almost not同义。在句中常置于
连系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
e.g. I can hardly finish the work in a day.我不可能一天内完成这项工作。
I can hardly dance. 我几乎不会跳舞。
She always does very well in the English exams.But she can
understand
English radio programs.
A.always B.hardly C.already D.easily
答案：B
4. This park is famous for its lake, the bridge and the ancient buildings on the hill.
这个公园因为它的湖、桥和山上的古建筑而闻名。（教材第64页）
be famous for 意为“因...... 而闻名/著名”，相当于be known for.
He is famous for his works.他因其作品而闻名。
5. The lake takes up over half of the park area.湖占据了这个公园一半多的面积。
（教材第64页）
①take up 表示“占去(时间或空间)”。
e.g. This desk takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。
②over 副词，意为“多于；大于”。
Over ten people spoke at the meeting.十多个人在会上发了言。
She has remembered over 2,000 English words. 她已记住了两千多个英语单词。
〔拓展〕over 的其他用法：
①“在...... 之上”，有在垂直上方的意思，反义词为under.
There is a light over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。
②越过
He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。
6 Then I can point out the sights of Beijing for you.然后我可以为你们指出北京
的景点。（教材第64页）
①point out 表示“指出，指明”。
Please point out the mistakes. 请指出错误。
If you see that boy, please point him out for me.如果你看到那个男孩, 请把他指给
我看。
[拓展] 与point 相关的短语：
point to/at 意为“指向，指着”，to 强调远距离，at 距离近距离。
He pointed to the hill. 他指着那座山。
Don ’t point at people with a finger. 不要用手指指着人。
② sight 可数名词，意为“风景；名胜”，常用复数形式；see the sights浏览名胜
Do you know the sights of Henan? 你知道河南的名胜吗？
Why not see the sights together with us? 为什么不和我们一起游览名胜呢？
7. I don’t think they allow people to swim in the lake. 我想这里禁止游泳。（教材
第64页）
(1)当主句谓语动词是think, believe, feel, guess, expect, suppose等表示“观点、信念、
推测、臆测”等心理活动时，常常使用否定前置结构（即把宾语从句中的否定词
not 转移到主句中的表达方式）。例如：
I don’ t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
(2)allow作“允许”或“许可”讲，其常用搭配：
allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”；
allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。例如：
Please allow me to carry your bag.
请让我替你拿包。
They allowed smoking in this room only.
他们只允许在这间屋子里抽烟。
8. I think it’s better to have our picnic at the top of the hill. 我认为在山顶上野餐
更好。（教材第64页）
at the top of 意为“在...... 的顶端”。
Children are planting trees at the top of the hill. 孩子们在山顶上植树。
Don ’t shout at the top of your voice. 不要高声叫喊。
〔拓展〕on the top of 意为“在...... 上”
There is a bird on the top of the house. 房顶上有一只鸟。
9. Come on! 快点儿！（教材第64页）
come on 此处意为“赶快”，一般置于祈使句中，用来催促、鼓励对方等。
Come on! We’ll get to the camp soon. 快点儿！ 我们很快就到达营地了。
〔拓展〕come on还有“打开”“进行”之意。
The red light doesn’t come on. 红色指示灯不亮了。
How are things coming on? 情况怎么样？
10. Let's not waste any more time. 我们不要再浪费时间了。（教材第64页）
waste 此处为及物动词，意为“浪费”
We shouldn’t waste water. 我们不应该浪费水。
〔拓展〕
(1)waste time/money on sth. “浪费时间/金钱于某物上”
Too many students waste time on TV. 太多学生把时间浪费在看电视上。
(2)waste time/money (in) doing sth. “浪费时间/金钱做某事”
Don ’t waste your time in playing computer games.别浪费你的时间玩电脑游戏了。
1. The box ____ too much room, please take it out of the room.
A. takes up B. take up
C. takes off D. take off
2. If there are mistakes, please ______ for me.
A. point it out B. point them out
C. point out it D. point out them
3. I can ____ believe the wind is so strong.
A. hard B. hardly
C. sometimes D. often
4. They hope to stand ____ the top of the mountains one day.
A. at B. on C. to D. In
Keys: ABBA
中考链接
1. He felt _____ curious that he asked ____ many questions about it.
【2013 山东盐城】
A. such, such B. so, so
C. such, so D. so, such
2. I don’t think fast food is good for our health, so I ____ eat it. 【2013 四川南充】
A. usually B. hardly C. always
3. Many children ____ in Britain to have their own bank cards these days. 【2013盐
城】
A. allow B. allowed
C. are allowed D. were allowed
4. --- How is Helen in the new school?
--- She is doing very well. There is ____ to worry about. 【2012安徽】
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
5. David was so excited at the good news that he could ______ say a word. 【2013山
东临沂】
A. nearly B. hard
C. ever D. hardly
6. — Excuse me, sir, smoking _______ in the gas station.
— Oh, I’m really sorry. 【2013福建福州】
A. doesn’t allow
B. isn’t allowed
C. aren’t allowed
Keys: 1-6 BBCCDB
Unit 2重点知识
1. I promised to write... 我答应过要写信...... (教材第66页)
promise to do sth. 意为“许诺/答应做某事”。
My father promised to buy a bike for me. 我父亲许诺过给我买一辆自行车。
[拓展]
① promise sb. sth. 意为“许诺某人某物”。
She promised me a new watch. 她答应过给我一块新手表。
promise+that 从句... 意为“答应...... ”.
He promises that he can return on time. 他保证他能按时回来。
② promise 还可用作名词，意为“允许，诺言”。
make a promise 许下诺言 keep a promise 遵守诺言 break a promise 不遵守诺言
2. Some of them look like humans while others look like wild animals.一些看起来像人，而另一些看起来像野生动物。(教材第66页)
① human 此处为可数名词，意为“人；人类”，与human being同义。
A human can think and talk, but an animal cannot. 人能思考和说话，但动物不能。 〔拓展〕human 还可用作形容词，意为“人的，人类；通人性的”。
she is really human when you know her 当你了解她时，她实际上是很有人情味的。
② while 此处为连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比。
He is a worker while I am a doctor. 他是工人而我是医生。
I like music, while he likes sports. 我喜欢音乐，然而他喜欢运动。
〔拓展〕
① while 作连词，还可意为“当...... 时候”，引导状语从句。
While I was watching TV, my father came back. 当我在看电视时，我父亲回来了。 ②while 还可用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。
You ’d better rest for a while. 你最好休息一会儿。
③some… others… 一些......, 另一些......
e.g. ：Some students are playing games, and others are playing chess. 一些同学在做游戏，其他的同学在下象棋。
3. It woke everybody up.每个人都被吵醒了。(教材第66页)
wake 的过去式为woke ，过去分词为 woken 。wake up 是固定短语，意为“叫醒……”。当wake up的宾语是名词时，宾语可放在wake 和up 的中间或up 的后面；当wake up的宾语是代词时，宾语只能放在wake 和up 的中间。例如：
Don’t wake up the baby.
= Don’t wake the baby up.
Let’s wake him up now.
[拓展]wake还可用作及物动词，意为“唤醒”。
Mum, wake me at five. 妈妈，在5点钟叫醒我。
4. We thought somebody was moving about. 我们认为有人正在四处走动。(教材
第66页)
①somebody 表示“某人，有人”，用在肯定句中，作单数，与someone 同义。 There ’s somebody in the room.房间里有人。
Somebody wants to see you，Mary. 玛丽，有人要见你。
在否定句和疑问句中要用anybody 。例如：
Is there anybody playing football on the playground?
② move about 意为“四处走动；到处旅行”。
Sit down, Tom. Don’t move about. 坐下，汤姆。不要四处走动。
She moved about a lot.她到过许多地方。
〔拓展〕与move 相关的短语：
move away 离开，搬走 move in 迁入
move on 继续向前移动 move out 迁出；搬出
5. We could only see the mountain tops above the clouds. 我们只能看到云雾缭
绕的山顶。(教材第66页)
above 介词，意为“在...... 之上”。
There is a picture above the bookshelf. 书架上方有一张图画。
in 在里面on 在上，by 和beside 在近旁；
above 表示在上方，below 恰好为反向。
若表示正上用over ，under 表示正下方。
6. Then we walked down the path... 然后我们顺路而下..... .(教材第66页) path 可数名词，意为“下路；路径”。
Mr Li is taking a walk along a path in the park.李先生在公园里沿着小路散步。
7. I pulled a leaf off a plant... 我从一株植物上扯下了一片叶子...... (教材第66页) pull 作动词时，可意为“拉，拖，拔”，表示把物体用力向自己的方向拉并使其移动。和pull 相对应的词是push ，意为“推”。如：
Don’t push the door. Pull it, please.
pull sth. off …表示“从…...拉下...…”。例如：
The child pulled a flower off the plant.
12. We came out without making any noise, ... 我们悄悄地走出去...... (教材第66页)
without doing sth. 表示“没有做某事”。
make noise 表示“产生噪音，发出声响。
例如：
He walked past me without making any noise.
13. But it was a pity that it was cloudy. 但遗憾的是天气阴沉。(教材第66页) “It’s a pity that + 从句”，表示“很遗憾 ...…”。例如：
It’s a pity that he failed the exam.
14. Last night we camped by a small lake.昨晚我们在一个小湖边宿营。(教材第
66页)
by a small lake “by…” 在一边／旁
e.g : I’m standing by the desk.我站在课桌旁。
15. Tomorrow we’re going to Dongting Lake,the second largest freshwater lake in China. 明天我们将去洞庭湖—— 中国的第二大淡水湖。(教材第66页) the second largest 第二大的
“the+序数词＋最高级...... ” 表示“第几(最)...... 的”
e.g : Yellow River is the second largest river in China.黄河是中国第二大河。
16. Wish you were here! 如果你们能在这里该多好！(教材第66页)
wish 此处为及物动词，意为“希望”，后跟宾语从句，用了虚拟语气，表示对与现在的情况相反的希望，宾语从句中谓语动词用过去式，be 动词则用were. I wish I were you. 我希望我是你。
My parents wish me to be healthy. 我父母希望我健康。
Unit 3
1. He wants to go to a big city and do sightseeing. 他想去大城市观光。（教材第68页）
do sightseeing 意为“观光”
We are going to do sightseeing this summer.我们打算这个夏天去观光。
〔拓展〕
① do some sightseeing 意为“观光”，与 do sightseeing同义。
Did you do any sightseeing last weekend? 上周末你们去观光旅游了吗？ ② go sightseeing 意为“去观光”
How about going sightseeing? 去观光怎么样？
2. ... talk about them in the end... ......最后谈论它们吧...... （教材第70页） in the end 意为“最后；终于”。
Everything will be all right in the end. 最终一切都会好的。
He bought the house in the end. 他终于买下了这栋房子。
He spoke at the meeting finally. 他在会上最后发言。
At last we arrived home! 我们终于到家了！
3. Walkers have to be careful because the weather can change suddenly... 步行者需要很小心，因为天气可能瞬间变化...... （教材第71页）
be careful 意为“小心”
You should be careful; the ground is wet. 你应该小心，地面很湿。
〔拓展〕be careful的其他用法：
①be careful 表“当心”时可单独使用，目的是为了引起他人的注意。 Be careful! It’s wet on the ground. 当心！地面很湿。
② be careful of/about sth. 意为“小心某物”。
We must be careful of the snakes.我们必须小心蛇。
③ be careful to do sth. 意为“小心地做某事”
He was careful to keep out of sight. 他小心地避开别人的视线。
4. The Lake District is popular with artists who like to paint the beautiful countryside. 湖区深受热爱画美丽乡村景色的艺术家的欢迎。（教材第71页） be popular with 意为“受...... 欢迎”，后接表示人的名词或代词。
This song is the most popular with old people. 这首歌最受老年人的欢迎。
模块大归纳
重点短语
1.time off 休假
2.in the city centre 在市中心
3.be famous for 因...... 而著名
4.take up 占据
5.point out指出
6.at the top of 在...... 的顶端
7.look like 看起来像
8.wake sb. up 唤醒某人
9.move about 四处走动
10.not... any more 不再
11.in the end 最后
12.be careful 小心
13.be popular with 受...... 欢迎
用法集萃
1. so...that+从句 如此...... 以致......
2. welcome to +地点 欢迎来到......
3. hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
4. allow sb. to so sth. 允许某人做某事
5. promise to do sth. 答应/许诺做某事
6. without doing sth. 没做某事
7. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
8. the + 序数词＋形容词最高级 第几...... 的
9. would like sb. to do sth. 想让某人去做某事
Module 8语法－宾语从句
一、定义
我们在第六模块复习了简单句的几种基本句型, 其中有一种是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。其中, 名词、代词、动词的-ing 形式或to do形式都可以作宾语，例如buy a book, beat him, stop doing sth., want to do sth.等。这些例子中的宾语是用一个单词或短语来表达的。但是, 当要用英语表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”时，我们就无法在know 后用一个单词表达出“你昨天去看电影了”这个意思。“你昨天去看电影了”这个结构中包含行为本身，行为的发出者和行为的承受者，是一个完整的句子，因此只能用句子表达。这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子, 我们称为“宾语从句”。
二、类型
宾语从句分为三类：
1. that 引导的宾语从句
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
2. whether/if 引导的宾语从句
I’m not sure if he will come.
3. 疑问词引导的宾语从句
I want to know what he will do next.
三、详解
1. that引导的宾语从句
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望、相信、知道、说”时，其后面的句子一般用that 引导。that 没有任何词汇含义，只有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句。多数情况下 that 可以省略。
例如：
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air.
常接 that 宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope,
imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, under, stand, warn, wish等。 找出下列句子中所含的宾语从句
1. We thought somebody was moving about.
2. Lingling’s uncle said it was an animal.
3. We came out without making any noise, and found it was just a hungry monkey
looking for food.
4. ..., but Lingling’s uncle said that it was wrong to pull leaves off plants and that we
should protect everything here.
2. 宾语从句的时态
主句中谓语动词是现在的某种时态，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况判断时态；
主句中谓语动词是过去的某种时态，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应；
注意当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible．
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible．
他说他想尽快见到他。
He says that he is mending his bike．
He said that he was mending his bike．
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun．
3. 宾语从句的否定转移
主句是 I/We think/suppose/guess/ believe 等，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中，这就是否定转移。
e.g. 我认为鸡不会游泳。
误：I think chickens can not swim．
正：I don't think chickens can swim.
中考链接
1. The official said they a new law to protect the tourists the next year.
A.makes B.would make C.made D.have made
2. I know I promised to take you to dinner, but I won’t finish working until ten o’clock.
A.that B.if C.what D.why
Key: B A
语法专练
1. He said ____ he wouldn’t be free until tomorrow afternoon.
A. which B. that C. where D. if
2. I usually spend half an hour ____ TV at home.
A. watch B. see
C. watching D. seeing
3. Mr Read said that he ____ English at a middle school in Beijing.
A. teach B. teaches
C. teaching D. taught
4. The teacher told us that the earth ____ around the sun.
A. go B. goes
C. went D. Going
5. He said he three English songs since he came here.
A.learned B.had learned C.would learn D.has learned
6. Mr White hoped he China the next year.
A.would visit B.will visit C.visit D.visited
7. Her brother said that he the club in 2010.
A.has joined B.joined C.join D.joins
8. They told the children that summer after spring.
A.comes B.come C.came D.has come
答案：1-5BCDBA 6-8 A BA