Microcrystalline Cellulose
Cellulose [9004-34-6].
DEFINITION
Microcrystalline Cellulose is purified, partially depolymerized cellulose prepared by treating alpha cellulose, obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids.
IDENTIFICATION
• A. Procedure
Iodinated zinc chloride solution: Dissolve 20 g of zinc chloride and 6.5 g of potassium iodide in 10.5 mL of water. Add 0.5 g of iodine, and shake for 15 min.
Sample: 10 mg
Analysis: Place the Sample on a watch glass, and disperse in 2 mL of Iodinated zinc chloride solution.
Acceptance criteria: The substance takes on a violet-blue color.
氯化锌碘试液：取氯化锌20g 、碘化钾6.5g ，加水10.5ml 。再加碘0.5g ，振摇15min 。 测定：取本品10mg ，置表面皿上，加氯化锌碘试液2ml 。
标准规定：应变为蓝紫色。
Change to read:
• B. Procedure
Sample: 1.3 g of Microcrystalline Cellulose, accurately weighed to 0.1 mg
Analysis: Transfer the Sample to a 125-mL conical flask. Add 25.0 mL of water and 25.0 mL of 1.0 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solution. Immediately purge the solution with nitrogen, insert the stopper, and shake on a wrist-action shaker, or other suitable mechanical shaker, until completely dissolved. Transfer an appropriate volume of the Sample solution to a calibrated number 150 Cannon-Fenske, or equivalent, viscometer. Allow the solution to equilibrate at 25 ± 0.1 for NLT 5 min. Time the flow between the two marks on the viscometer, and record the flow time, t1, in s.
取本品1.3g ，精密称定，置125mL 具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入水25ml ，再精密加入1mol/L双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液25ml ，立即通入氮气以排除瓶中空气，密塞，强力振摇，使微晶纤维素溶解；取适量，置25±0.1℃水浴中，约5min 后，移至刻度为150的坎农-芬斯克毛细管粘度计或同等的黏度计内（毛细管内径为0.7 ~1.0mm，选用适宜粘度计常数K1 ），照黏度测定法，于25±0.1℃水浴中测定。记录供试品溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间t 1，按下式计算供试品溶液的运动黏度。
Calculate the kinematic viscosity, (KV)1, of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken:
微晶纤维素的运动黏度(KV)1按下式计算：
Result = t1 × k1
t1 = flow time (s)
k1 = viscometer constant (see Viscosity —Capillary Methods 911 (CN 1-May-2015) )
Obtain the flow time, t2, for 0.5 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solutions using a number 100 Cannon-Fenske, or equivalent, viscometer.
用刻度为100的坎农-芬斯克毛细管粘度计或同等的黏度计测定0.5M 双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间t 2，按下式计算空白溶液的运动黏度。
Calculate the kinematic viscosity, (KV)2, of the solvent:
空白溶液的运动黏度(KV)2按下式计算：
Result = t2 × k2
t2 = flow time for 0.5 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solutions (s)
t2 =0.5M双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间(s)
k2 = viscometer constant
k2 =黏度计常数
Determine the relative viscosity,ηrel, of the Microcrystalline Cellulose specimen taken: 按下式计算微晶纤维素的相对黏度ηrel ：
Result = (KV)1/(KV)2
(KV)1 = = kinematic viscosity of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken
(KV)1 =微晶纤维素的运动黏度
(KV)2 = = kinematic viscosity of the solvent
(KV)1 =空白溶液的运动黏度
Determine the intrinsic viscosity, [η]c, by interpolation, using the Intrinsic Viscosity Table in the Reference Tables section.
在附表中查找特性黏数[η]c
Calculate the degree of polymerization, P:
按下式计算聚合度P ：
Result = [(95) × [η]c]/{WS × [(100 - %LOD)/100]}
[η]c = intrinsic viscosity
[η]c =特性黏数
WS = weight of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken (g)
WS =微晶纤维素质量(g)
%LOD = value obtained from the test for Loss on Drying
%LOD =干燥失重值
Acceptance criteria: The degree of polymerization is not greater than 350.
标准规定：聚合度应不超过350。
IMPURITIES
Inorganic Impurities
• Residue on Ignition 281: NMT 0.1%
本实验依照美国药典炽灼残渣项下方法测定；
标准规定：不得过0.1%。
Delete the following:
• Heavy Metals, Method II 231: NMT 10 ppm(Official 1-Dec-2015)
本实验依照美国药典重金属项下方法II 测定；(Official 1-Dec-2015)
标准规定：不得过10 ppm
SPECIFIC TESTS
• Microbial Enumeration Tests 61 and Tests for Specified Microorganisms 62: The total aerobic microbial count does not exceed 1000 cfu/g, and the total combined molds and yeasts count does not exceed 100 cfu/g. It meets the requirements of the tests for absence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and for the absence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species. 本试验依照美国药典微生物限度检查和指定微生物限度项下方法测定，
微生物限度：需氧菌总数不得过1000cfu/g，霉菌和酵母菌总数不得过100cfu/g。不得检出金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和沙门菌。
• Conductivity /电导率
Sample: 5 g
样品：5g
Analysis: Shake the Sample with 40 mL of water for 20 min, and centrifuge. Retain the supernatant for use in the pH test. Using an appropriate conductivity meter that has been standardized with a potassium chloride conductivity calibration standard having a conductivity of 100 µS/cm, measure the conductivity of the supernatant after a stable reading is obtained, and measure the conductivity of the water used to prepare the test specimen.
Acceptance criteria: The conductivity of the supernatant does not exceed the conductivity of the water by more than 75 µS/cm.
取本品5.0g ，加水40ml ，振摇20min ，离心，取一部分上清液测定PH 用。取合适的电导率仪，用氯化钾溶液标化电导率校正曲线，使电导率为100μS/cm，取上清液，测定电导率，同法测定制备供试品溶液所用水的电导率，两者之差不得过75 µS/cm。
• pH 791: 5.0–7.5 in the supernatant obtained in the Conductivity test
本实验依照美国药典PH项下方法测定；
供试品溶液：取电导率测定项下离心上清液作为供试品溶液；
标准规定：PH 应为 5.0–7.5
• Loss on Drying 731: Dry a sample at 105 for 3 h: it loses NMT 7.0% of its weight, or some other lower percentage, or is within a percentage range, as specified in the labeling.
Loss on Drying/干燥失重
本实验依照美国药典干燥失重项下方法测定；
测定: 取本品于105℃下干燥3h ；
标准规定：不得过7.0%。
• Bulk Density
堆密度
Analysis: Use a volumeter that has been fitted with a 10-mesh screen. The volumeter is freestanding of the brass or stainless steel cup, which is calibrated to a capacity of 25.0 ± 0.05 mL and has an inside diameter of 30.0 ± 2.0 mm. Weigh the empty cup, position it under the chute, and slowly pour the powder from a height of 5.1 cm (2 in) above the funnel through the volumeter, at a rate suitable to prevent clogging, until the cup overflows. [Note—If excessive clogging of the screen occurs, remove the screen. ] Level the excess powder, and weigh the filled cup. Calculate the bulk density by dividing the weight of the powder in the cup by the volume of the cup. Acceptance criteria: The bulk density is within the labeled specification.
10号筛板的容积计，经校准容积为25.0 ± 0.05 mL ，内径为30.0 ± 2.0 mm黄铜或不锈钢制圆柱杯。称量圆柱杯质量，放在漏斗下方，在容积计的漏斗上方5.1 cm 处小心倒入本品，
控制速度以免堵塞，直至本品溢出圆柱杯。除去溢出部分，称量装满的圆柱杯重量，计算溶积密度。
标准规定：
• Particle Size Distribution
粒度分布
[Note—In cases where there are no functionality-related concerns regarding the particle size distribution of the article, this test may be omitted. ]
Where the labeling states the particle size distribution, determine the particle size distribution as directed in Particle Size Distribution Estimation by Analytical Sieving 786, or by a suitable validated procedure.
• Water -Soluble Substances
水中溶解物
Sample: 5.0 g
Analysis: Shake the Sample with 80 mL of water for 10 min, and pass with the aid of a vacuum through filter paper (Whatman No. 42 or equivalent) into a vacuum flask. Transfer the filtrate to a tared beaker, evaporate to dryness without charring, dry at 105 for 1 h, cool in a desiccator, and weigh.
测定：去本品5g ，加入80 mL 水，振摇10 min ，减压过滤，滤纸为Whatman No. 42 或同等规格滤纸，转移滤液至去皮烧杯中，蒸干，105℃干燥1h ，干燥器中降至室温，称重。 Acceptance criteria: The difference between the weight of the residue and the weight obtained from a blank determination does not exceed 12.5 mg (0.25%).
标准规定：残渣重量不得过12.5 mg (0.25%).
• Ether -Soluble Substances
乙醚中溶解物
Sample: 10.0 g
Analysis: Place the Sample in a chromatographic column having an internal diameter of about 20 mm, and pass 50 mL of peroxide-free ether through the column. Evaporate the eluate to dryness in a previously dried and tared evaporating dish with the aid of a current of air in a fume hood. After all the ether has evaporated, dry the residue at 105 for 30 min, cool in a desiccator, and weigh.
样品：10g
测定：取样品10g ，置内径为20 mm色谱柱中， 50ml 无过氧化物的乙醚洗脱。用预先经过干燥并称重的表面皿收集洗脱液，空气吹干，乙醚全部蒸发后，于105℃干燥30 min，干燥器中降至室温，称重。
Acceptance criteria: The difference between the weight of the residue and the weight obtained from a blank determination does not exceed 5.0 mg (0.05%).
标准规定：残渣重量不得过5 mg (0.05%).
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
• Packaging and Storage: Preserve in tight containers.
密封保存。
• Labeling: The labeling indicates the nominal loss on drying, bulk density, and degree of polymerization values. Degree of polymerization compliance is determined using Identification test B. Where the particle size distribution is stated in the labeling, proceed as directed in the test for Particle Size Distribution. The labeling indicates with which technique the particle size
distribution was determined if a technique other than analytical sieving was used; and the labeling indicates the d10, d50, and d90 values and the range for each.
Auxiliary Information— Please check for your question in the FAQs before contacting USP. Topic/Question Contact Expert Committee
Monograph Kevin T. Moore, Ph.D.
Manager, Pharmacopeial Harmonization
(301) 816-8369 (EXC2010) Monographs - Excipients
61 Radhakrishna S Tirumalai, Ph.D.
Principal Scientific Liaison
(301) 816-8339 (GCM2010) General Chapters - Microbiology
62 Radhakrishna S Tirumalai, Ph.D.
Principal Scientific Liaison
(301) 816-8339 (GCM2010) General Chapters - Microbiology
USP38–NF33 Page 6596
Pharmacopeial Forum: Volume No. 31(5) Page 1421
Chromatographic Column—
MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE
Chromatographic columns text is not derived from, and not part of, USP 38 or NF 33.
Microcrystalline Cellulose
Cellulose [9004-34-6].
DEFINITION
Microcrystalline Cellulose is purified, partially depolymerized cellulose prepared by treating alpha cellulose, obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids.
IDENTIFICATION
• A. Procedure
Iodinated zinc chloride solution: Dissolve 20 g of zinc chloride and 6.5 g of potassium iodide in 10.5 mL of water. Add 0.5 g of iodine, and shake for 15 min.
Sample: 10 mg
Analysis: Place the Sample on a watch glass, and disperse in 2 mL of Iodinated zinc chloride solution.
Acceptance criteria: The substance takes on a violet-blue color.
氯化锌碘试液：取氯化锌20g 、碘化钾6.5g ，加水10.5ml 。再加碘0.5g ，振摇15min 。 测定：取本品10mg ，置表面皿上，加氯化锌碘试液2ml 。
标准规定：应变为蓝紫色。
Change to read:
• B. Procedure
Sample: 1.3 g of Microcrystalline Cellulose, accurately weighed to 0.1 mg
Analysis: Transfer the Sample to a 125-mL conical flask. Add 25.0 mL of water and 25.0 mL of 1.0 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solution. Immediately purge the solution with nitrogen, insert the stopper, and shake on a wrist-action shaker, or other suitable mechanical shaker, until completely dissolved. Transfer an appropriate volume of the Sample solution to a calibrated number 150 Cannon-Fenske, or equivalent, viscometer. Allow the solution to equilibrate at 25 ± 0.1 for NLT 5 min. Time the flow between the two marks on the viscometer, and record the flow time, t1, in s.
取本品1.3g ，精密称定，置125mL 具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入水25ml ，再精密加入1mol/L双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液25ml ，立即通入氮气以排除瓶中空气，密塞，强力振摇，使微晶纤维素溶解；取适量，置25±0.1℃水浴中，约5min 后，移至刻度为150的坎农-芬斯克毛细管粘度计或同等的黏度计内（毛细管内径为0.7 ~1.0mm，选用适宜粘度计常数K1 ），照黏度测定法，于25±0.1℃水浴中测定。记录供试品溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间t 1，按下式计算供试品溶液的运动黏度。
Calculate the kinematic viscosity, (KV)1, of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken:
微晶纤维素的运动黏度(KV)1按下式计算：
Result = t1 × k1
t1 = flow time (s)
k1 = viscometer constant (see Viscosity —Capillary Methods 911 (CN 1-May-2015) )
Obtain the flow time, t2, for 0.5 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solutions using a number 100 Cannon-Fenske, or equivalent, viscometer.
用刻度为100的坎农-芬斯克毛细管粘度计或同等的黏度计测定0.5M 双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间t 2，按下式计算空白溶液的运动黏度。
Calculate the kinematic viscosity, (KV)2, of the solvent:
空白溶液的运动黏度(KV)2按下式计算：
Result = t2 × k2
t2 = flow time for 0.5 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide solutions (s)
t2 =0.5M双氢氧化乙二胺铜溶液流经黏度计上下两刻度时的时间(s)
k2 = viscometer constant
k2 =黏度计常数
Determine the relative viscosity,ηrel, of the Microcrystalline Cellulose specimen taken: 按下式计算微晶纤维素的相对黏度ηrel ：
Result = (KV)1/(KV)2
(KV)1 = = kinematic viscosity of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken
(KV)1 =微晶纤维素的运动黏度
(KV)2 = = kinematic viscosity of the solvent
(KV)1 =空白溶液的运动黏度
Determine the intrinsic viscosity, [η]c, by interpolation, using the Intrinsic Viscosity Table in the Reference Tables section.
在附表中查找特性黏数[η]c
Calculate the degree of polymerization, P:
按下式计算聚合度P ：
Result = [(95) × [η]c]/{WS × [(100 - %LOD)/100]}
[η]c = intrinsic viscosity
[η]c =特性黏数
WS = weight of the Microcrystalline Cellulose taken (g)
WS =微晶纤维素质量(g)
%LOD = value obtained from the test for Loss on Drying
%LOD =干燥失重值
Acceptance criteria: The degree of polymerization is not greater than 350.
标准规定：聚合度应不超过350。
IMPURITIES
Inorganic Impurities
• Residue on Ignition 281: NMT 0.1%
本实验依照美国药典炽灼残渣项下方法测定；
标准规定：不得过0.1%。
Delete the following:
• Heavy Metals, Method II 231: NMT 10 ppm(Official 1-Dec-2015)
本实验依照美国药典重金属项下方法II 测定；(Official 1-Dec-2015)
标准规定：不得过10 ppm
SPECIFIC TESTS
• Microbial Enumeration Tests 61 and Tests for Specified Microorganisms 62: The total aerobic microbial count does not exceed 1000 cfu/g, and the total combined molds and yeasts count does not exceed 100 cfu/g. It meets the requirements of the tests for absence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and for the absence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species. 本试验依照美国药典微生物限度检查和指定微生物限度项下方法测定，
微生物限度：需氧菌总数不得过1000cfu/g，霉菌和酵母菌总数不得过100cfu/g。不得检出金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和沙门菌。
• Conductivity /电导率
Sample: 5 g
样品：5g
Analysis: Shake the Sample with 40 mL of water for 20 min, and centrifuge. Retain the supernatant for use in the pH test. Using an appropriate conductivity meter that has been standardized with a potassium chloride conductivity calibration standard having a conductivity of 100 µS/cm, measure the conductivity of the supernatant after a stable reading is obtained, and measure the conductivity of the water used to prepare the test specimen.
Acceptance criteria: The conductivity of the supernatant does not exceed the conductivity of the water by more than 75 µS/cm.
取本品5.0g ，加水40ml ，振摇20min ，离心，取一部分上清液测定PH 用。取合适的电导率仪，用氯化钾溶液标化电导率校正曲线，使电导率为100μS/cm，取上清液，测定电导率，同法测定制备供试品溶液所用水的电导率，两者之差不得过75 µS/cm。
• pH 791: 5.0–7.5 in the supernatant obtained in the Conductivity test
本实验依照美国药典PH项下方法测定；
供试品溶液：取电导率测定项下离心上清液作为供试品溶液；
标准规定：PH 应为 5.0–7.5
• Loss on Drying 731: Dry a sample at 105 for 3 h: it loses NMT 7.0% of its weight, or some other lower percentage, or is within a percentage range, as specified in the labeling.
Loss on Drying/干燥失重
本实验依照美国药典干燥失重项下方法测定；
测定: 取本品于105℃下干燥3h ；
标准规定：不得过7.0%。
• Bulk Density
堆密度
Analysis: Use a volumeter that has been fitted with a 10-mesh screen. The volumeter is freestanding of the brass or stainless steel cup, which is calibrated to a capacity of 25.0 ± 0.05 mL and has an inside diameter of 30.0 ± 2.0 mm. Weigh the empty cup, position it under the chute, and slowly pour the powder from a height of 5.1 cm (2 in) above the funnel through the volumeter, at a rate suitable to prevent clogging, until the cup overflows. [Note—If excessive clogging of the screen occurs, remove the screen. ] Level the excess powder, and weigh the filled cup. Calculate the bulk density by dividing the weight of the powder in the cup by the volume of the cup. Acceptance criteria: The bulk density is within the labeled specification.
10号筛板的容积计，经校准容积为25.0 ± 0.05 mL ，内径为30.0 ± 2.0 mm黄铜或不锈钢制圆柱杯。称量圆柱杯质量，放在漏斗下方，在容积计的漏斗上方5.1 cm 处小心倒入本品，
控制速度以免堵塞，直至本品溢出圆柱杯。除去溢出部分，称量装满的圆柱杯重量，计算溶积密度。
标准规定：
• Particle Size Distribution
粒度分布
[Note—In cases where there are no functionality-related concerns regarding the particle size distribution of the article, this test may be omitted. ]
Where the labeling states the particle size distribution, determine the particle size distribution as directed in Particle Size Distribution Estimation by Analytical Sieving 786, or by a suitable validated procedure.
• Water -Soluble Substances
水中溶解物
Sample: 5.0 g
Analysis: Shake the Sample with 80 mL of water for 10 min, and pass with the aid of a vacuum through filter paper (Whatman No. 42 or equivalent) into a vacuum flask. Transfer the filtrate to a tared beaker, evaporate to dryness without charring, dry at 105 for 1 h, cool in a desiccator, and weigh.
测定：去本品5g ，加入80 mL 水，振摇10 min ，减压过滤，滤纸为Whatman No. 42 或同等规格滤纸，转移滤液至去皮烧杯中，蒸干，105℃干燥1h ，干燥器中降至室温，称重。 Acceptance criteria: The difference between the weight of the residue and the weight obtained from a blank determination does not exceed 12.5 mg (0.25%).
标准规定：残渣重量不得过12.5 mg (0.25%).
• Ether -Soluble Substances
乙醚中溶解物
Sample: 10.0 g
Analysis: Place the Sample in a chromatographic column having an internal diameter of about 20 mm, and pass 50 mL of peroxide-free ether through the column. Evaporate the eluate to dryness in a previously dried and tared evaporating dish with the aid of a current of air in a fume hood. After all the ether has evaporated, dry the residue at 105 for 30 min, cool in a desiccator, and weigh.
样品：10g
测定：取样品10g ，置内径为20 mm色谱柱中， 50ml 无过氧化物的乙醚洗脱。用预先经过干燥并称重的表面皿收集洗脱液，空气吹干，乙醚全部蒸发后，于105℃干燥30 min，干燥器中降至室温，称重。
Acceptance criteria: The difference between the weight of the residue and the weight obtained from a blank determination does not exceed 5.0 mg (0.05%).
标准规定：残渣重量不得过5 mg (0.05%).
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
• Packaging and Storage: Preserve in tight containers.
密封保存。
• Labeling: The labeling indicates the nominal loss on drying, bulk density, and degree of polymerization values. Degree of polymerization compliance is determined using Identification test B. Where the particle size distribution is stated in the labeling, proceed as directed in the test for Particle Size Distribution. The labeling indicates with which technique the particle size
distribution was determined if a technique other than analytical sieving was used; and the labeling indicates the d10, d50, and d90 values and the range for each.
Auxiliary Information— Please check for your question in the FAQs before contacting USP. Topic/Question Contact Expert Committee
Monograph Kevin T. Moore, Ph.D.
Manager, Pharmacopeial Harmonization
(301) 816-8369 (EXC2010) Monographs - Excipients
61 Radhakrishna S Tirumalai, Ph.D.
Principal Scientific Liaison
(301) 816-8339 (GCM2010) General Chapters - Microbiology
62 Radhakrishna S Tirumalai, Ph.D.
Principal Scientific Liaison
(301) 816-8339 (GCM2010) General Chapters - Microbiology
USP38–NF33 Page 6596
Pharmacopeial Forum: Volume No. 31(5) Page 1421
Chromatographic Column—
MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE
Chromatographic columns text is not derived from, and not part of, USP 38 or NF 33.