第一章
1. How long have you worked on board?
(For 5 years.)
——在船上工作了多长时间
2. Which certificate [sə'tifikit]（证书）do you have now?
(2nd Engineer certificate.)
——你现在有哪个证书？
3. What is your marital status? How many departments [di'pɑ:tmənt]（部门）are there on board? (I am married.['mærid] 已婚的. There are three departments on board.)
——Marital [mæritl]status ['steitəs]婚姻状况
——你的婚姻状况如何？
——我结婚了。在我们船上由三个部门。
4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?
(Three. No, I’m not married.)
——家有几口人？你结婚了么？
5. How many countries have you ever been to?
(Four.)
——你曾去过几个国家？
6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?
(In 1999. Container .[kən'tein ə] 集装箱ship.)
——什么时候开始在船上工作的？你曾在什么样的船上工作过？
——1999年．集装箱船
7. How many important canals .[kə'næl] 运河are there all over the world?
(Two. the Panama .['pænə,m ɑ:, -,mɔ:] 巴拿马and Suez. [sju(:)iz] 苏伊士)
——全世界有几条重要的运河？
——两条。巴拿马运河和苏伊士运河
8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer [si: 'feər ə] 船员, 航海家? (Safety.)
——你能告诉我对海员来说什么是最重要的？
9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?
(Main engine: Sulzer 苏尔寿, Man B & W engines and so on. Generator engine: Yama['jɑ:mə], Wasilla Diesel and so on.)
——你们曾经用过什么样的主机和发电柴油机
10. Which classification .[,klæsifi'keiʃən] 分类society .[sə'sai əti] 社会is your ship registered
['redʒI st əd] 登记，注册with?
(CCS.)
——你们的船是在哪个船级社注册的
11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical .['kritikəl] 决定性的, 关键性的
equipment?
(Yes, I have worked on a bulk .[bʌlk] 散装货物carrier .['kæriə] that the main engine had been
damaged.)
12. How do you make your maintenance ['meintinəns] 维持; 维护; 保养; 维修schedules .['ʃedju:əl]
时间表, 日程安排表?
(It is based on ship’s planed maintenance system and the machinery .[mə' ʃi:nəri] 总称) 机器
running hours records.)
——你们是如何制定保养计划的
——根据船的计划保养体系和机械运行时数记录。
13. Could you list international .[,ɪnt ə'næʃən əl] 国际的, conventions [kən'ven ʃəns] 协议, 协定
concerning .[kən's ə:niŋ] 关于marine shipping?
(STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code and so on.)
——你能列举出关于船运方面的国际公约么？
——海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约，联合国IMCO) 海上人命安全公约，国际防止船舶造成污染
公约，国际安全管理规则等等。
14. Could you tell the usages .['ju:zidʒ] 使用, 用法of the STCW convention?
(To provide standards .['stændəds] 标准, 水准, 规范of training, certification [,s ɜ:təf ɪ`ke ɪʃə
n] 证书 and watchkeeping for seafarers.)
——你能说出STCW 公约的用途么？
15. What is the purpose ['pə:pəs] 目的; 意图of Classification Society? Could you list some of
them?
(To ensure .[in'ʃu ə] 确保, 担保safety of ship and human life, and prevent pollution of the
environment. [in'vaiər ənm ənt] 环境. CCS, ABS, NK, DNV and so on.)
——船级社的目的是什么？你能列举出一些船级社么？
——确保船舶和人命安全，防止环境污染。中国船级社，美国船级社，日本海事协会，挪
威船级社。
16. Could you list different kinds of ship's surveys .[sə'veiz] 调查?
(Annual .['ænjuəl] 年度的survey, docking survey, special .['speʃəl] survey, etc .[,et'setɵr ə] 等
等.)
——你能列举出不同的船舶检验类型么？
——年检，坞检，特别检验等等。
17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?
(Unattended Machinery Space. Yes.)
——UMS 代表什么？你用过UMS 吗？
18. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection? (Yes. Last year, in Hamburg.)
——你曾经历过PSC 检查么？上一次检查是什么时候，在哪里？
19. What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder?
(Every operation must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS.) ——在气缸检修中（吊缸），应该注意什么？
20. Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will you take? (Check the content of oxygen and ventilation.)
——在进入密闭空间前（比如压载舱）你要采取什么措施？
21. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.
(18%.)
——请告诉我在密闭舱室中对于工人的安全而言最低的安全氧的百分比
第二章
1. Please introduce one type of the main engine.
(The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system.) ——请介绍一种主机类型
——主机是大缸径的二冲程十字头类型带有涡轮增压系统
2. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine.
(The electronics’ control of fuel injection improves low- load operation engine speeding up, giving better engine balance and load control.)
——请介绍电控主机的喷油过程
3. Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine.
(This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.)
——请介绍主机的双燃料技术
4. Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?
(Because of its long life, lower cost and reliability.)
——为什么两冲程柴油机被广泛应用在船上？
5. Why is the air exchanging quality of tour-stroke engine more than that of two-stroke engine?
(Four-stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet v/v opening and exhaust v/v closing.)
——为什么四冲程柴油机的换气质量优于两冲程柴油机的换气质量？
——四冲程柴油机在进气阀打开，排气阀关闭期间，有足够的气阀重叠时间
6. Please introduce three moving parts of marine diesel engine.
(Piston, crankshaft, connecting rod.)
7. What's the sequence of the four strokes?
(Suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.)
8. Please introduce four fixing parts of marine diesel engine.
(Bedplate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame.)
9. What is called a working cycle of diesel engine?
(The operation between two injections.)
10. What is the foundation of diesel engine?
(Bedplate.)
——柴油机的基础是什么？
11. What are the function and feature of the tie rods?
(To hold the bedplate, frames and cylinder block together.)
——贯穿螺栓的作用和特点是什么
12. What is the function of the governor ?
(To control the engine speed.)
——调速器的作用和特点是什么
13. What is the feature of the governor ?
(Instantaneous因私谈拟而私 speed , reg ulating 瑞哥类停 speed fluctuation弗拉克为身, and so on.)
——调速器的特点是什么
14. What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?
(Crosshead.)
——什么被用来连接活塞和活塞杆？
15. What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?
(Piston rod stuffing 私大分box.)
——什么被用来密封曲轴箱和扫气箱？
16. What are the two types of the cooling system?
(The closed cooling system and the open cooling system.)
——冷却系统的两种类型是什么
17. What's the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?
(For expansion of water and water make-up.)
——在冷却系统中高置水柜的作用是什么
18. Please introduce the open cooling system.
(Open cooling system use similar elements奥了慢私 with closed system expect诶克私吧克特 that a drain 准tank is used instead 因私大of a head tank.)
——请介绍开式冷却系统
19. Please introduce the close cooling system.
(Closed cooling system has the engine jacke t hea t exchanger and circulating 赛可类听
pump to form a continuous 肯听牛爱私 circuit 色开特 with a head tank op e n to atmosphere. 啊特目标斯比叶)
请介绍闭式冷却系统
20. Please introduce the central cooling system.
(Central cooling system is based 被私的 on sameSEI 木 design 地RA 恩principles with convention sea water cooling system but with a central cooler and one additional额滴是脑 set of pump)
——请介绍中央冷却系统
21. What's the advantage of the central cooling water system?
(The corrosion克柔韧 problems 趴不LEN are greatly诡刺类 reduced. 瑞迪有私特) ——中央冷却系统的优点是什么？
——腐蚀问题大大降低
22. How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?
(By controlling the oil temperature谈破车.)
——如何控制主机燃油粘度
23. Please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system.
(They are fuel supply色普拉爱 and fuel injection systems.)
——请介绍燃油系统的两个分系统
24. Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.
(Controlling the oil temperature.)
——请说出燃油粘度调节器的作用
25. How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?
(By controlling and adjusting额扎私听 the fuel oil’s temperature.)
——燃油粘度调节器是如何工作的
26. Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.
(Sulphur,骚分 hydreogen, caibon.)
——请说出至少三种燃油组成成分
27. Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.
(Viscosity,为四靠私听 water content, flash 副啦时 point 炮恩特, setting 赛听 point, calorific 卡了瑞非克 value 瓦哦有 and so on.)
——请说出选择燃油的主要因素（至少三种）
28. What is the usual coolant in the marine diesel engine?
(Fresh water.)
——船用柴油机中常见的冷却剂是什么？
29. Why sea water is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine?
(Because it is corrosive.)
——作为柴油机的冷却剂，为什么海水不能被直接使用
30. What's the advantage of oil-cooling piston ?
(Leaking力肯 into crankcase will not cause problems.)
——油冷活塞的优点是什么
31. What's the disadvantage of water-cooling piston ?
(Cooling water leakage can pollute普楼特 the lube oil.)
——水冷活塞的缺点是什么
32. What's the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?
(To reduce friction, 非可身 remove 瑞某 heat, neutralize 牛戳拉爱私 acid 额赛的 conditions 肯得甚私, wash瓦身 away 外wear 为儿detritus 的CHUA 特私 and so on.) ——主机滑油的作用是什么
——减少摩擦，带走热量，中和酸性物质，带走磨屑
33. How do you clean the lube oil filters?
(By washing with diesel oil)
——如何清洗滑油滤器
34. When do you clean the fuel oil filters?
(When the filter佛偶特 is clogged克劳个的 by impurities恩PIOU 力私.)
——什么时候清洁燃油系滤器
35. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity ?
(To neutralize acid conditions.)
——为什么汽缸油必须含碱
——中和酸性物质
36. What’s the function of the cylinder oil?
(Lubrication, sealing and removing瑞木WENG heat.)
——汽缸油的作用是什么
37. How do you start the air compressor?
(Unload昂楼的 starting.)
——如何启动空压机
——卸载运动
38. What do you pay attention额谈身 to when you stand by engine?
(Check差可 various 外瑞叶私pressure and temperatures ,warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning谈宁 gear and so on.)
——备车时应注意什么
39. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?
(Too low starting air pressure, incorrect因可RUA 克特 timing of starting air valve, etc.) ——你知道主机为什么不能靠空气起动的原意吗？
40. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?
(Drain oily water.)
——对于空气瓶，你应该定期做什么？
41. What’s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?
(Supplying fresh air and removing exhaust gases.)
——柴油机中换气的作用是什么？
42. What’s the function of supercharging in diesel engine?
(To increase output power.)
——柴油机中增压机的作用是什么？
43. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?
(To warm up the main engine first.)
——在冷天里，如何操作主机？
44. How do you heat the main engine?
(By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature.)
——如何加热主机？
——通过循环冷却水加热到适当的温度
45. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?
(Diesel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oil v/v.)
——如何将柴油更换成燃油
46. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?
(Shut the steam v/v, decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil v/v.)
——如何将燃油更换成柴油
——关闭蒸汽阀，降低燃油温度，打开柴油阀。
47. What is the function of the turning gear?
(To turn the main engine.)
——盘车机的作用是什么
48. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?
(By means of lead wire.)
——如何测量主轴承间隙
49. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?
(By means of crank deflection gauge.)
——如何测量主机臂距差
50. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?
(Troubles in the fuel injection system, such as bad fuel oil quality, poor fuel atomization.) ——燃油喷射系统故障比如差的燃油质量，不良的燃油雾化
51. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?
(Lube oil leaks into the combustion chamber.)
——你知道柴油机为什么排蓝烟么？
52. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?
(Maybe the fuel oil contains excessive sulphur.)
——你知道柴油机为什么排黄烟么？
——燃油中还有过多的硫分
53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?
(Maybe fresh water leaks.)
——你知道柴油机为什么白蓝烟么？
54. What is the function of the steering gear?
(To control the ship’s course.)
——舵机的作用
——控制船舶航向
55. What does CPP stand for?
(Controllable pitch propeller.)
——CCP 代表什么
——可调螺距螺旋桨
56. What does VIT stand for?
(Variable injection timing)
——VIT 代表什么
——可变喷油定时
57. What’s the type of the freshwater generator?
(Multi-stage flash water generator.)
——淡水造水机的类型有什么
58. What’s the type of the fuel oil separator?
(centrifugal.)
——有什么类型的分油机
59. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?
(Remove water and impurities.)
——分油机的作用是什么
60. What’s the type of the oily water separator?
(Gravity filtration and absorption)
——有什么类型的油水分离器
61. What’s the function of the oily water separator?
(To prevent oil-pollution to the sea.)
——油水分离器的作用是什么
62. What’s the function of the incinerator ?
(Burning the oil sludge and solid waste.)
——焚化炉的作用是什么
63. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?
(15 ppm.)
——当泵送舱底水时，油含量的限制是多少
64. What is the hot work?
(Gas welding, electric welding and so on.)
——热工是什么
65. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?
(To avoid corrosion and scale.)
——为什么经常对锅炉进行水处理
——避免腐蚀，生垢
66. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?
(Exhaust gas boiler.)
——在海上航行时船上用什么锅炉
——辅锅炉
67. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?
(Donkey boiler.)
——在港口时船上用锅炉么
——辅锅炉
68. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?
(According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book.)
——如何决定检修主机
——根据具体的工作装抗及说明书要求
69. What is the function of the soot-blower ?
(To blow away soot and products of combustion from the tube surfaces.)
——吹灰器的作用是什么
70. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?
(Grind it in the path of “8” shape.)
——如何研磨空压机阀盘
——以8字形研磨
71. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?
(Coupling.)
——什么被用来连接柴油机和发电机
72. What type is the most common marine refrigeration ?
(Compression refrigeration.)
-最常见的船用制冷类型是什么
——压缩制冷
73. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system . (Compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve.)
——请介绍要求用于压缩制冷系统的四个组成部件
74. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?
(Through the special passage for Freon 22.)
——如何向制冷系统填充氟利昂22
75. Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?
(Because of leaking liquid line, lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator and so on.) ——为什么制冷压缩机启停频繁
76. What equipment is used to handle the anchors?
(Windlass.)
——什么设备被用来操纵锚
77. Please name at least three items of deck machinery.
(Mooring winches, cranes, windlass, etc.)
——请说出至少三种甲板机械
78. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?
(By using vent screw.)
——如何放残喷射泵中的空气
79. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?
(With disc cleaner.)
——如何清洗分油机的分离盘
——用分离盘清洗剂
80. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine / auxiliary engine? (Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water.)
——拆卸主机或辅机气缸前应准备什么
81. How do you manage sewage?
(Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, keep the blower in constant working.)
——如何让处理生活污水
——定期投放消毒药片，保证鼓风机连续工作
第一章
1. How long have you worked on board?
(For 5 years.)
——在船上工作了多长时间
2. Which certificate [sə'tifikit]（证书）do you have now?
(2nd Engineer certificate.)
——你现在有哪个证书？
3. What is your marital status? How many departments [di'pɑ:tmənt]（部门）are there on board? (I am married.['mærid] 已婚的. There are three departments on board.)
——Marital [mæritl]status ['steitəs]婚姻状况
——你的婚姻状况如何？
——我结婚了。在我们船上由三个部门。
4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?
(Three. No, I’m not married.)
——家有几口人？你结婚了么？
5. How many countries have you ever been to?
(Four.)
——你曾去过几个国家？
6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?
(In 1999. Container .[kən'tein ə] 集装箱ship.)
——什么时候开始在船上工作的？你曾在什么样的船上工作过？
——1999年．集装箱船
7. How many important canals .[kə'næl] 运河are there all over the world?
(Two. the Panama .['pænə,m ɑ:, -,mɔ:] 巴拿马and Suez. [sju(:)iz] 苏伊士)
——全世界有几条重要的运河？
——两条。巴拿马运河和苏伊士运河
8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer [si: 'feər ə] 船员, 航海家? (Safety.)
——你能告诉我对海员来说什么是最重要的？
9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?
(Main engine: Sulzer 苏尔寿, Man B & W engines and so on. Generator engine: Yama['jɑ:mə], Wasilla Diesel and so on.)
——你们曾经用过什么样的主机和发电柴油机
10. Which classification .[,klæsifi'keiʃən] 分类society .[sə'sai əti] 社会is your ship registered
['redʒI st əd] 登记，注册with?
(CCS.)
——你们的船是在哪个船级社注册的
11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical .['kritikəl] 决定性的, 关键性的
equipment?
(Yes, I have worked on a bulk .[bʌlk] 散装货物carrier .['kæriə] that the main engine had been
damaged.)
12. How do you make your maintenance ['meintinəns] 维持; 维护; 保养; 维修schedules .['ʃedju:əl]
时间表, 日程安排表?
(It is based on ship’s planed maintenance system and the machinery .[mə' ʃi:nəri] 总称) 机器
running hours records.)
——你们是如何制定保养计划的
——根据船的计划保养体系和机械运行时数记录。
13. Could you list international .[,ɪnt ə'næʃən əl] 国际的, conventions [kən'ven ʃəns] 协议, 协定
concerning .[kən's ə:niŋ] 关于marine shipping?
(STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code and so on.)
——你能列举出关于船运方面的国际公约么？
——海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约，联合国IMCO) 海上人命安全公约，国际防止船舶造成污染
公约，国际安全管理规则等等。
14. Could you tell the usages .['ju:zidʒ] 使用, 用法of the STCW convention?
(To provide standards .['stændəds] 标准, 水准, 规范of training, certification [,s ɜ:təf ɪ`ke ɪʃə
n] 证书 and watchkeeping for seafarers.)
——你能说出STCW 公约的用途么？
15. What is the purpose ['pə:pəs] 目的; 意图of Classification Society? Could you list some of
them?
(To ensure .[in'ʃu ə] 确保, 担保safety of ship and human life, and prevent pollution of the
environment. [in'vaiər ənm ənt] 环境. CCS, ABS, NK, DNV and so on.)
——船级社的目的是什么？你能列举出一些船级社么？
——确保船舶和人命安全，防止环境污染。中国船级社，美国船级社，日本海事协会，挪
威船级社。
16. Could you list different kinds of ship's surveys .[sə'veiz] 调查?
(Annual .['ænjuəl] 年度的survey, docking survey, special .['speʃəl] survey, etc .[,et'setɵr ə] 等
等.)
——你能列举出不同的船舶检验类型么？
——年检，坞检，特别检验等等。
17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?
(Unattended Machinery Space. Yes.)
——UMS 代表什么？你用过UMS 吗？
18. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection? (Yes. Last year, in Hamburg.)
——你曾经历过PSC 检查么？上一次检查是什么时候，在哪里？
19. What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder?
(Every operation must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS.) ——在气缸检修中（吊缸），应该注意什么？
20. Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will you take? (Check the content of oxygen and ventilation.)
——在进入密闭空间前（比如压载舱）你要采取什么措施？
21. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.
(18%.)
——请告诉我在密闭舱室中对于工人的安全而言最低的安全氧的百分比
第二章
1. Please introduce one type of the main engine.
(The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system.) ——请介绍一种主机类型
——主机是大缸径的二冲程十字头类型带有涡轮增压系统
2. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine.
(The electronics’ control of fuel injection improves low- load operation engine speeding up, giving better engine balance and load control.)
——请介绍电控主机的喷油过程
3. Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine.
(This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.)
——请介绍主机的双燃料技术
4. Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?
(Because of its long life, lower cost and reliability.)
——为什么两冲程柴油机被广泛应用在船上？
5. Why is the air exchanging quality of tour-stroke engine more than that of two-stroke engine?
(Four-stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet v/v opening and exhaust v/v closing.)
——为什么四冲程柴油机的换气质量优于两冲程柴油机的换气质量？
——四冲程柴油机在进气阀打开，排气阀关闭期间，有足够的气阀重叠时间
6. Please introduce three moving parts of marine diesel engine.
(Piston, crankshaft, connecting rod.)
7. What's the sequence of the four strokes?
(Suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.)
8. Please introduce four fixing parts of marine diesel engine.
(Bedplate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame.)
9. What is called a working cycle of diesel engine?
(The operation between two injections.)
10. What is the foundation of diesel engine?
(Bedplate.)
——柴油机的基础是什么？
11. What are the function and feature of the tie rods?
(To hold the bedplate, frames and cylinder block together.)
——贯穿螺栓的作用和特点是什么
12. What is the function of the governor ?
(To control the engine speed.)
——调速器的作用和特点是什么
13. What is the feature of the governor ?
(Instantaneous因私谈拟而私 speed , reg ulating 瑞哥类停 speed fluctuation弗拉克为身, and so on.)
——调速器的特点是什么
14. What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?
(Crosshead.)
——什么被用来连接活塞和活塞杆？
15. What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?
(Piston rod stuffing 私大分box.)
——什么被用来密封曲轴箱和扫气箱？
16. What are the two types of the cooling system?
(The closed cooling system and the open cooling system.)
——冷却系统的两种类型是什么
17. What's the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?
(For expansion of water and water make-up.)
——在冷却系统中高置水柜的作用是什么
18. Please introduce the open cooling system.
(Open cooling system use similar elements奥了慢私 with closed system expect诶克私吧克特 that a drain 准tank is used instead 因私大of a head tank.)
——请介绍开式冷却系统
19. Please introduce the close cooling system.
(Closed cooling system has the engine jacke t hea t exchanger and circulating 赛可类听
pump to form a continuous 肯听牛爱私 circuit 色开特 with a head tank op e n to atmosphere. 啊特目标斯比叶)
请介绍闭式冷却系统
20. Please introduce the central cooling system.
(Central cooling system is based 被私的 on sameSEI 木 design 地RA 恩principles with convention sea water cooling system but with a central cooler and one additional额滴是脑 set of pump)
——请介绍中央冷却系统
21. What's the advantage of the central cooling water system?
(The corrosion克柔韧 problems 趴不LEN are greatly诡刺类 reduced. 瑞迪有私特) ——中央冷却系统的优点是什么？
——腐蚀问题大大降低
22. How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?
(By controlling the oil temperature谈破车.)
——如何控制主机燃油粘度
23. Please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system.
(They are fuel supply色普拉爱 and fuel injection systems.)
——请介绍燃油系统的两个分系统
24. Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.
(Controlling the oil temperature.)
——请说出燃油粘度调节器的作用
25. How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?
(By controlling and adjusting额扎私听 the fuel oil’s temperature.)
——燃油粘度调节器是如何工作的
26. Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.
(Sulphur,骚分 hydreogen, caibon.)
——请说出至少三种燃油组成成分
27. Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.
(Viscosity,为四靠私听 water content, flash 副啦时 point 炮恩特, setting 赛听 point, calorific 卡了瑞非克 value 瓦哦有 and so on.)
——请说出选择燃油的主要因素（至少三种）
28. What is the usual coolant in the marine diesel engine?
(Fresh water.)
——船用柴油机中常见的冷却剂是什么？
29. Why sea water is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine?
(Because it is corrosive.)
——作为柴油机的冷却剂，为什么海水不能被直接使用
30. What's the advantage of oil-cooling piston ?
(Leaking力肯 into crankcase will not cause problems.)
——油冷活塞的优点是什么
31. What's the disadvantage of water-cooling piston ?
(Cooling water leakage can pollute普楼特 the lube oil.)
——水冷活塞的缺点是什么
32. What's the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?
(To reduce friction, 非可身 remove 瑞某 heat, neutralize 牛戳拉爱私 acid 额赛的 conditions 肯得甚私, wash瓦身 away 外wear 为儿detritus 的CHUA 特私 and so on.) ——主机滑油的作用是什么
——减少摩擦，带走热量，中和酸性物质，带走磨屑
33. How do you clean the lube oil filters?
(By washing with diesel oil)
——如何清洗滑油滤器
34. When do you clean the fuel oil filters?
(When the filter佛偶特 is clogged克劳个的 by impurities恩PIOU 力私.)
——什么时候清洁燃油系滤器
35. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity ?
(To neutralize acid conditions.)
——为什么汽缸油必须含碱
——中和酸性物质
36. What’s the function of the cylinder oil?
(Lubrication, sealing and removing瑞木WENG heat.)
——汽缸油的作用是什么
37. How do you start the air compressor?
(Unload昂楼的 starting.)
——如何启动空压机
——卸载运动
38. What do you pay attention额谈身 to when you stand by engine?
(Check差可 various 外瑞叶私pressure and temperatures ,warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning谈宁 gear and so on.)
——备车时应注意什么
39. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?
(Too low starting air pressure, incorrect因可RUA 克特 timing of starting air valve, etc.) ——你知道主机为什么不能靠空气起动的原意吗？
40. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?
(Drain oily water.)
——对于空气瓶，你应该定期做什么？
41. What’s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?
(Supplying fresh air and removing exhaust gases.)
——柴油机中换气的作用是什么？
42. What’s the function of supercharging in diesel engine?
(To increase output power.)
——柴油机中增压机的作用是什么？
43. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?
(To warm up the main engine first.)
——在冷天里，如何操作主机？
44. How do you heat the main engine?
(By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature.)
——如何加热主机？
——通过循环冷却水加热到适当的温度
45. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?
(Diesel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oil v/v.)
——如何将柴油更换成燃油
46. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?
(Shut the steam v/v, decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil v/v.)
——如何将燃油更换成柴油
——关闭蒸汽阀，降低燃油温度，打开柴油阀。
47. What is the function of the turning gear?
(To turn the main engine.)
——盘车机的作用是什么
48. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?
(By means of lead wire.)
——如何测量主轴承间隙
49. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?
(By means of crank deflection gauge.)
——如何测量主机臂距差
50. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?
(Troubles in the fuel injection system, such as bad fuel oil quality, poor fuel atomization.) ——燃油喷射系统故障比如差的燃油质量，不良的燃油雾化
51. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?
(Lube oil leaks into the combustion chamber.)
——你知道柴油机为什么排蓝烟么？
52. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?
(Maybe the fuel oil contains excessive sulphur.)
——你知道柴油机为什么排黄烟么？
——燃油中还有过多的硫分
53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?
(Maybe fresh water leaks.)
——你知道柴油机为什么白蓝烟么？
54. What is the function of the steering gear?
(To control the ship’s course.)
——舵机的作用
——控制船舶航向
55. What does CPP stand for?
(Controllable pitch propeller.)
——CCP 代表什么
——可调螺距螺旋桨
56. What does VIT stand for?
(Variable injection timing)
——VIT 代表什么
——可变喷油定时
57. What’s the type of the freshwater generator?
(Multi-stage flash water generator.)
——淡水造水机的类型有什么
58. What’s the type of the fuel oil separator?
(centrifugal.)
——有什么类型的分油机
59. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?
(Remove water and impurities.)
——分油机的作用是什么
60. What’s the type of the oily water separator?
(Gravity filtration and absorption)
——有什么类型的油水分离器
61. What’s the function of the oily water separator?
(To prevent oil-pollution to the sea.)
——油水分离器的作用是什么
62. What’s the function of the incinerator ?
(Burning the oil sludge and solid waste.)
——焚化炉的作用是什么
63. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?
(15 ppm.)
——当泵送舱底水时，油含量的限制是多少
64. What is the hot work?
(Gas welding, electric welding and so on.)
——热工是什么
65. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?
(To avoid corrosion and scale.)
——为什么经常对锅炉进行水处理
——避免腐蚀，生垢
66. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?
(Exhaust gas boiler.)
——在海上航行时船上用什么锅炉
——辅锅炉
67. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?
(Donkey boiler.)
——在港口时船上用锅炉么
——辅锅炉
68. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?
(According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book.)
——如何决定检修主机
——根据具体的工作装抗及说明书要求
69. What is the function of the soot-blower ?
(To blow away soot and products of combustion from the tube surfaces.)
——吹灰器的作用是什么
70. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?
(Grind it in the path of “8” shape.)
——如何研磨空压机阀盘
——以8字形研磨
71. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?
(Coupling.)
——什么被用来连接柴油机和发电机
72. What type is the most common marine refrigeration ?
(Compression refrigeration.)
-最常见的船用制冷类型是什么
——压缩制冷
73. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system . (Compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve.)
——请介绍要求用于压缩制冷系统的四个组成部件
74. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?
(Through the special passage for Freon 22.)
——如何向制冷系统填充氟利昂22
75. Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?
(Because of leaking liquid line, lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator and so on.) ——为什么制冷压缩机启停频繁
76. What equipment is used to handle the anchors?
(Windlass.)
——什么设备被用来操纵锚
77. Please name at least three items of deck machinery.
(Mooring winches, cranes, windlass, etc.)
——请说出至少三种甲板机械
78. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?
(By using vent screw.)
——如何放残喷射泵中的空气
79. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?
(With disc cleaner.)
——如何清洗分油机的分离盘
——用分离盘清洗剂
80. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine / auxiliary engine? (Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water.)
——拆卸主机或辅机气缸前应准备什么
81. How do you manage sewage?
(Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, keep the blower in constant working.)
——如何让处理生活污水
——定期投放消毒药片，保证鼓风机连续工作