美国餐桌礼仪

文化点滴 Culture

American Table Manners 美 国 餐 桌 礼 仪 Author Unknown 译 /  空竹

Tableware1)

Always put the  napkin  on your lap first. As the meal is served, use the one farthest from the plate first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.

2)

餐具

就餐时永远应先把餐巾放在大腿上。 在用餐过程中应首先使用离餐盘最远的餐 具。 餐毕离席时, 应叠好餐巾, 放在餐盘旁。

如何就餐

需耐心等待他人的饭菜都上齐后方 可就餐。 男主人或女主人可能会邀请你在 其他人就绪前开始进餐, 因为如果你等所 有人的饭菜都上齐后再用餐, 一些菜可能 会凉了。 但此时, 你也应该等三四个人的 饭菜上齐后再开始用餐。 用餐时,男主人或女主人往往会再 为你添菜。而当他们询问时,要直接回 答。 假如你第一次谢绝了, 他们一般就不 会再问你了。 在进餐时, 切忌含着满嘴东西说话。 当你用餐完毕, 应把刀叉并排放在盘中。 这表示你已经吃完了。

How to eat

Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served, since some foods may be cold if you wait until everyone is served. At this time, you should wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat. During the meal, the host or hostess will offer you a second helping of food. When they ask, give a direct answer. If you refuse the first time, they might not ask you again. While eating, remember not to talk with your mouth full. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.

切记与切忌

用餐时,可以请他人帮你传递你够 不到的菜。较好的说法是: “请帮我递一 下……” ,或“劳驾您能把……递给我 吗?” 如果别人请你递盐瓶, 你应当将放 在一起的盐瓶与胡椒一并递出。 把盐瓶和 胡椒递给你旁边的人即可, 千万不要越过

Dos and Don'ts

At the table, ask others to pass you dishes that are out of your reach. Good phrases to know are: "Please pass the...." or "Could you hand me the..., please?" If asked to pass the salt to someone, you 122

文化点滴 Culture

should pass both the salt and pepper which are placed on the table together. Hand the salt and pep- per to the person seated next to you. Do not reach over the person next to you to pass anything to others. Do not lean on your arm or elbow while eating. You may rest your hand and wrist on the edge of the table. Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and veg- etables into small pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time. Some foods may be eaten with your fingers. If you are not sure if it is proper to eat something by picking it up with your fingers, watch what others do before doing so yourself. Examples of foods which can be eaten with your fingers include: bacon   which

3)

你身旁的人给别人递东西。 用餐时, 不要靠在肘部或手臂上。 你 可以把手和手腕放在餐桌的边沿上。 应当把大片的肉、 马铃薯或蔬菜切成 小片,而且一次只吃一片。 有些食品可以用手拿着吃。 如果你不 确定拿在手里吃究竟合适与否, 注意观察 他人是怎么做的,然后依样处理即可。一 些可以拿在手里吃的食物包括: 烤得卷曲 的熏肉、饼干、三明治、较小的水果和带 茎的浆果, 吃面包时应当用手撕开而不是 用刀切开。 大多数快餐都可以拿在手里吃。 此外,还有两件事需要注意:

面条的吃法

吃意大利面时, 要将面条缠绕在叉子 上。 勺子也可用来帮忙。 已经缠在叉子上的 面条应一口吃完,如果只吃一半而让另一 半掉回盘里,是非常不礼貌的。

has been cooked until it is very crisp ; bread should

4)

be broken rather than cut with a knife; cookies; sandwiches; and small fruits and berries on the stem. Most fast foods can be eaten with your fingers. Besides, there are two things that need mention: Noodles When eating spaghetti , wind  the noodles up on

5) 6)

汤的喝法 

喝汤时, 应把汤勺放在汤碗下面的盘 中。 喝汤时也不要发出啧啧的吮吸声。 不 要把勺子盛得太满, 也不要把汤碗端到嘴 边。 你可以稍稍倾斜汤碗以便让最后一点 儿汤流入勺中。 舀汤时, 应从里向外使用 汤勺。 当然, 在非正式场合, 上面提到的一些 规则是不十分严格的。 避免犯错的最好办法 就是注意观察你的西方朋友进餐的方式。 Vocabulary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. tableware [ 5teIbElweEr]  餐具 n.  napkin [5nApkIn] n.  餐巾, 餐巾纸 bacon [ 5beIkEn]  熏肉 n.  crisp [ krIsp]  adj.  脆的, 易碎的 spaghetti [spE5^etI]  意大利式细 n.  面条 wind [waInd] v.  缠 绕, slurp [ slE:p]  啧啧吃, v.  啜食 tip [tIp]  倾斜 v.  relaxed [rI5lAkst]  adj.  严格的 不

your fork. Spoon can be used to help. The spaghetti on your fork should be eaten in one bite. It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate. Soup When eating soup, put the spoon on the plate beneath the bowl. And do not slurp  the soup. Do not

7)

overfill the spoon and do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. You may tip8) away your bowl slightly to collect the last bit of soup to the spoon. The soup spoon is used by moving the spoon away from you.  Anyway, some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat  relaxed9)  in informal situations. And the best way to avoid making mistakes is to observe the way your western friends eat.

 123

文化点滴 Culture

American Table Manners 美 国 餐 桌 礼 仪 Author Unknown 译 /  空竹

Tableware1)

Always put the  napkin  on your lap first. As the meal is served, use the one farthest from the plate first. Before you leave the table, fold your napkin and put it beside your plate.

2)

餐具

就餐时永远应先把餐巾放在大腿上。 在用餐过程中应首先使用离餐盘最远的餐 具。 餐毕离席时, 应叠好餐巾, 放在餐盘旁。

如何就餐

需耐心等待他人的饭菜都上齐后方 可就餐。 男主人或女主人可能会邀请你在 其他人就绪前开始进餐, 因为如果你等所 有人的饭菜都上齐后再用餐, 一些菜可能 会凉了。 但此时, 你也应该等三四个人的 饭菜上齐后再开始用餐。 用餐时,男主人或女主人往往会再 为你添菜。而当他们询问时,要直接回 答。 假如你第一次谢绝了, 他们一般就不 会再问你了。 在进餐时, 切忌含着满嘴东西说话。 当你用餐完毕, 应把刀叉并排放在盘中。 这表示你已经吃完了。

How to eat

Wait until everyone has been served to begin eating. The host or hostess may invite you to start eating before everyone is served, since some foods may be cold if you wait until everyone is served. At this time, you should wait until three or four people have been served before starting to eat. During the meal, the host or hostess will offer you a second helping of food. When they ask, give a direct answer. If you refuse the first time, they might not ask you again. While eating, remember not to talk with your mouth full. When you have finished your meal, place your knife and fork side by side on the plate. This signals that you have finished eating.

切记与切忌

用餐时,可以请他人帮你传递你够 不到的菜。较好的说法是: “请帮我递一 下……” ,或“劳驾您能把……递给我 吗?” 如果别人请你递盐瓶, 你应当将放 在一起的盐瓶与胡椒一并递出。 把盐瓶和 胡椒递给你旁边的人即可, 千万不要越过

Dos and Don'ts

At the table, ask others to pass you dishes that are out of your reach. Good phrases to know are: "Please pass the...." or "Could you hand me the..., please?" If asked to pass the salt to someone, you 122

文化点滴 Culture

should pass both the salt and pepper which are placed on the table together. Hand the salt and pep- per to the person seated next to you. Do not reach over the person next to you to pass anything to others. Do not lean on your arm or elbow while eating. You may rest your hand and wrist on the edge of the table. Cut large pieces of meat, potatoes and veg- etables into small pieces. Eat the pieces one at a time. Some foods may be eaten with your fingers. If you are not sure if it is proper to eat something by picking it up with your fingers, watch what others do before doing so yourself. Examples of foods which can be eaten with your fingers include: bacon   which

3)

你身旁的人给别人递东西。 用餐时, 不要靠在肘部或手臂上。 你 可以把手和手腕放在餐桌的边沿上。 应当把大片的肉、 马铃薯或蔬菜切成 小片,而且一次只吃一片。 有些食品可以用手拿着吃。 如果你不 确定拿在手里吃究竟合适与否, 注意观察 他人是怎么做的,然后依样处理即可。一 些可以拿在手里吃的食物包括: 烤得卷曲 的熏肉、饼干、三明治、较小的水果和带 茎的浆果, 吃面包时应当用手撕开而不是 用刀切开。 大多数快餐都可以拿在手里吃。 此外,还有两件事需要注意:

面条的吃法

吃意大利面时, 要将面条缠绕在叉子 上。 勺子也可用来帮忙。 已经缠在叉子上的 面条应一口吃完,如果只吃一半而让另一 半掉回盘里,是非常不礼貌的。

has been cooked until it is very crisp ; bread should

4)

be broken rather than cut with a knife; cookies; sandwiches; and small fruits and berries on the stem. Most fast foods can be eaten with your fingers. Besides, there are two things that need mention: Noodles When eating spaghetti , wind  the noodles up on

5) 6)

汤的喝法 

喝汤时, 应把汤勺放在汤碗下面的盘 中。 喝汤时也不要发出啧啧的吮吸声。 不 要把勺子盛得太满, 也不要把汤碗端到嘴 边。 你可以稍稍倾斜汤碗以便让最后一点 儿汤流入勺中。 舀汤时, 应从里向外使用 汤勺。 当然, 在非正式场合, 上面提到的一些 规则是不十分严格的。 避免犯错的最好办法 就是注意观察你的西方朋友进餐的方式。 Vocabulary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. tableware [ 5teIbElweEr]  餐具 n.  napkin [5nApkIn] n.  餐巾, 餐巾纸 bacon [ 5beIkEn]  熏肉 n.  crisp [ krIsp]  adj.  脆的, 易碎的 spaghetti [spE5^etI]  意大利式细 n.  面条 wind [waInd] v.  缠 绕, slurp [ slE:p]  啧啧吃, v.  啜食 tip [tIp]  倾斜 v.  relaxed [rI5lAkst]  adj.  严格的 不

your fork. Spoon can be used to help. The spaghetti on your fork should be eaten in one bite. It is very impolite to eat half your noodles and allow the other half to fall back on your plate. Soup When eating soup, put the spoon on the plate beneath the bowl. And do not slurp  the soup. Do not

7)

overfill the spoon and do not pick the bowl up to hold it closer to your mouth. You may tip8) away your bowl slightly to collect the last bit of soup to the spoon. The soup spoon is used by moving the spoon away from you.  Anyway, some of the rules mentioned here may be somewhat  relaxed9)  in informal situations. And the best way to avoid making mistakes is to observe the way your western friends eat.

 123


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