初高中英语衔接(二)词类复习 一、了解英语词性知识
【学生活动】朗读下列短文并试着说出短文中每个单词的词性。
Dr. Bird has run the hospital for 12 years , and he has saved the lives of many pets. Dr. Bird says that there will soon be many more traveling hospitals to help sick or injured animals.
【学生归纳】英语中常见的词性有：_________________________________________________________ 二、了解词类（parts of speech）知识
【学生活动】从上文中找出相应的单词完成下列空格。
1. 名词（noun，缩写为n.）是人和事物的名称， _________________________________ 2. 代词（pronoun，缩写为pron.）是用来代替名词的词， _________________________ 3. 形容词（adjective，缩写为adj.）用来修饰名词， ______________________________ 4. 动词（verb，缩写为v.）表示动作和状态， ___________________________________ 5. 副词（adverb，缩写为adv.）是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词 ___________________ 6. 冠词（article，缩写为art.）___________________________________ 7. 介词（preposition，缩写为prep.）_____________________________
8. 连词（conjunction，缩写为conj.）是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词， __________________________ 【注意】前五类（名、代、形、动、副等词）的词都有实义，叫做实词（notional word）。后四类（冠、介、连词）的词没有实义，叫做虚词（form word）。
【配套练习一】请说出下文中各个单词的词性并且归类。 Mr. Brown,
I am Mike. I am sorry to tell you that I was/felt ill. This morning I went to see a doctor and he told me that I had a bad cold. I have to stay at home for two days. So I can not go to school today or tomorrow. I hope I will get well soon. I will ask you for your help when I meet you after two days. Thank you. Mike
名词___________________________________________________________________________ 动词___________________________________________________________________________ 代词___________________________________________________________________________ 形容词_________________________________________________________________________ 副词___________________________________________________________________________ 介词___________________________________________________________________________ 连词___________________________________________________________________________ 冠词___________________________________________________________________________
掌握名词的分类及基本用法
【学生活动】1、了解名词的分类知识并划出不懂的地方；2、做好相关笔记。 1、名词(Nouns)
名词表示人或事物的名称。例词：boy, pencil, book, backpack ① 总的说来，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如：Gina, China。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
② 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
可数名词(Countable Nouns)有复数形式，如：an apple a bag two apples some bags 不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)一般没有复数形式,如money, water, weather, time, space 还有一些词既可以充当可数名词，也可以充当不可数名词，如：ice cream, salad, chicken 2. 可数名词有单数(Singular Form)复数(Plural Form)两种形式。
【配套练习】找出下列短文中的专有名词和可数名词及不可数名词。
Last week some Chinese students had a discussion about happiness. Li Hua thinks young people need to experience different things.They will become self-confident if they have the chance to show their ability. What’s more, it’s easy to be famous and make more money.
专有名词________________________________________________________ 可数名词________________________________________________________ 不可数名词______________________________________________________ 3、可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下:
【学生活动】完成下列表格并背诵可数名词的复数形式的变化规则。
【配套练习】写出下列名词的复数形式。 1. pencil-box ___________ 2. wife ___________ 4. city_________________ 5. dress __________ 7. match ______________ 8. Chinese ________ 10. exam_________ 11. German _______
4、不可数名词―量‖的表示方法
3. Sunday_______________ 6. Englishman ___________ 9. zoo __________________
【学生活动】朗读下列句子并划出不可数名词―量‖的表示方法。
在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示―量‖的概念，用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如： The rich man has a lot of money． There is some milk in the bottle．
Is there any water in the glass?
I don’t like winter because there's too much snow and ice．
不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。 修饰可数名词用：_____________________________. 修饰不可数名词用：___________________________.
【配套练习】翻译下列短语。
1.许多水 ____________ 2.三本书 ______________ 3.许多牛奶______________ 4.两杯茶 ____________ 5.五张纸 _____________ 6.一些钱 ______________
5、名词的所有格
【学生活动】完成下列表格并朗读表格内容.
名词的所有格有两种形式：一是在名词后面加’s的形式，二是在介词of后加上名词的形式。
注：复合不定代词的属格为加’s的形式，如果复合不定代词之后有定语else，注：复合不定代词的属格为加’s的形式，如果复合不定代词之后有定语else，则属格应移到else上。
He must have taken somebody else’s umbrella by mistake. 他一定是错拿了别人的雨伞。 ② of 属格的用法
of 属格多用于无生命的东西。如： the name of the song (歌名) the title of the book （书的标题） 【配套练习一】翻译短语.
1. 吉姆的书 ___________ 2. 汤姆的朋友_________________ 3. 课桌的腿____________ 4. 马力和汤姆的房间___________ 【配套练习二】 单词拼写:
1. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day. 2. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.
3. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family. 4. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city? 5. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?
6. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year. 7. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v________. 8. I like a_______. It’s neither hot nor cold.
初高中英语衔接(二)词类复习 一、了解英语词性知识
【学生活动】朗读下列短文并试着说出短文中每个单词的词性。
Dr. Bird has run the hospital for 12 years , and he has saved the lives of many pets. Dr. Bird says that there will soon be many more traveling hospitals to help sick or injured animals.
【学生归纳】英语中常见的词性有：_________________________________________________________ 二、了解词类（parts of speech）知识
【学生活动】从上文中找出相应的单词完成下列空格。
1. 名词（noun，缩写为n.）是人和事物的名称， _________________________________ 2. 代词（pronoun，缩写为pron.）是用来代替名词的词， _________________________ 3. 形容词（adjective，缩写为adj.）用来修饰名词， ______________________________ 4. 动词（verb，缩写为v.）表示动作和状态， ___________________________________ 5. 副词（adverb，缩写为adv.）是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词 ___________________ 6. 冠词（article，缩写为art.）___________________________________ 7. 介词（preposition，缩写为prep.）_____________________________
8. 连词（conjunction，缩写为conj.）是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词， __________________________ 【注意】前五类（名、代、形、动、副等词）的词都有实义，叫做实词（notional word）。后四类（冠、介、连词）的词没有实义，叫做虚词（form word）。
【配套练习一】请说出下文中各个单词的词性并且归类。 Mr. Brown,
I am Mike. I am sorry to tell you that I was/felt ill. This morning I went to see a doctor and he told me that I had a bad cold. I have to stay at home for two days. So I can not go to school today or tomorrow. I hope I will get well soon. I will ask you for your help when I meet you after two days. Thank you. Mike
名词___________________________________________________________________________ 动词___________________________________________________________________________ 代词___________________________________________________________________________ 形容词_________________________________________________________________________ 副词___________________________________________________________________________ 介词___________________________________________________________________________ 连词___________________________________________________________________________ 冠词___________________________________________________________________________
掌握名词的分类及基本用法
【学生活动】1、了解名词的分类知识并划出不懂的地方；2、做好相关笔记。 1、名词(Nouns)
名词表示人或事物的名称。例词：boy, pencil, book, backpack ① 总的说来，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如：Gina, China。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
② 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
可数名词(Countable Nouns)有复数形式，如：an apple a bag two apples some bags 不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)一般没有复数形式,如money, water, weather, time, space 还有一些词既可以充当可数名词，也可以充当不可数名词，如：ice cream, salad, chicken 2. 可数名词有单数(Singular Form)复数(Plural Form)两种形式。
【配套练习】找出下列短文中的专有名词和可数名词及不可数名词。
Last week some Chinese students had a discussion about happiness. Li Hua thinks young people need to experience different things.They will become self-confident if they have the chance to show their ability. What’s more, it’s easy to be famous and make more money.
专有名词________________________________________________________ 可数名词________________________________________________________ 不可数名词______________________________________________________ 3、可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下:
【学生活动】完成下列表格并背诵可数名词的复数形式的变化规则。
【配套练习】写出下列名词的复数形式。 1. pencil-box ___________ 2. wife ___________ 4. city_________________ 5. dress __________ 7. match ______________ 8. Chinese ________ 10. exam_________ 11. German _______
4、不可数名词―量‖的表示方法
3. Sunday_______________ 6. Englishman ___________ 9. zoo __________________
【学生活动】朗读下列句子并划出不可数名词―量‖的表示方法。
在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示―量‖的概念，用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如： The rich man has a lot of money． There is some milk in the bottle．
Is there any water in the glass?
I don’t like winter because there's too much snow and ice．
不可数名词也可用a lot of, lots of, some, any, much等来修饰。 修饰可数名词用：_____________________________. 修饰不可数名词用：___________________________.
【配套练习】翻译下列短语。
1.许多水 ____________ 2.三本书 ______________ 3.许多牛奶______________ 4.两杯茶 ____________ 5.五张纸 _____________ 6.一些钱 ______________
5、名词的所有格
【学生活动】完成下列表格并朗读表格内容.
名词的所有格有两种形式：一是在名词后面加’s的形式，二是在介词of后加上名词的形式。
注：复合不定代词的属格为加’s的形式，如果复合不定代词之后有定语else，注：复合不定代词的属格为加’s的形式，如果复合不定代词之后有定语else，则属格应移到else上。
He must have taken somebody else’s umbrella by mistake. 他一定是错拿了别人的雨伞。 ② of 属格的用法
of 属格多用于无生命的东西。如： the name of the song (歌名) the title of the book （书的标题） 【配套练习一】翻译短语.
1. 吉姆的书 ___________ 2. 汤姆的朋友_________________ 3. 课桌的腿____________ 4. 马力和汤姆的房间___________ 【配套练习二】 单词拼写:
1. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day. 2. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.
3. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family. 4. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city? 5. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?
6. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year. 7. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v________. 8. I like a_______. It’s neither hot nor cold.