英语自编校本课程教材
目 录
第一讲 认识高考完形填空
..............................（2） 第二讲 高考英语完形填空的考点设置类型 .....................（3） 巧
做 美 做 完 形 填 空
——2013学年第一学期
刘淑娟 编著
第三讲 第四讲 第五讲 第六讲 第七讲 第八讲 第九讲 第十讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略 ............................（5） 方法与演练（一） ......................................（9） 方法与演练（二） ...................................（12） 方法与演练（三） ......................................（14） 强化训练 (一) ........................................（16）强化训练 (二) ........................................（17）强化训练 (三) ........................................（18）结束语 .................................................（19）
2012
第一讲 认识高考完形填空
悉一些英语国家的生活习惯、文化背景、风土人情与生活方式等。然而，现阶段的学生普遍缺乏对这方面知识的了解，对莎士比亚、惠特曼感到陌生的大有人在，对
二、 问题的解决
原因。那么，怎样才能找到有效的解决方法来减少失分状况呢？笔者根据自己平时的教学情况，提出以下几种方法以供参考。
首先，对完形填空的篇章可采用下面的解题步骤： （1）总则：先完意，再完形。
（2）跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意（注意首尾句）。 （3）细读课文，综合考虑，初定答案。 （4）再读全文，反复检查。
其次，在掌握基本语法知识的前提下突破英语词汇关。英语词汇非常丰富，单词量大，包括大量的短语和科普词汇。要让学生在中学阶段掌握过多的词汇是不切实际的，我们要运用在语境中学习词汇的策略，帮助学生理解词义、掌握结构、选用词形、拓展词块。请看下例：在句子“He is usually shown as a tall, clear-shaven man without the beard and mustache that Father Christmas is pictured with”中学习“picture”的词义及用法，自然比在词汇表中孤立地学习它要容易理解，便于记忆。分析从句可知，“picture”在此是动词用法，表达“描绘、想象”的意思。这个句子中的动词“picture”的用法结构是Sb.+be pictured+with sth.，或者Sb.+picture+sb. else+with sth.。除了关注应用在语境中学习词汇的策略外，我们还要指导学生积极应用构词法、音形结合法、联想法、归纳法、词块记忆法等学习策略进行即时学习，应用循环记忆法等学习策略进行长时学习。
最后，加大阅读量，做到精读与泛读统一运用，增加文化背景知识的输入。阅读理解能力的提高是减少完形填空失分的关键，所以我们一定要加大阅读量。但提高学生阅读英语的能力单纯通过教材是远远不够的，要有计划指导学生阅读一定数量的读物。我们来看下面一段话：
Not only do older guys and men sound different from boys, but you can also see the difference in their necks. When the larynx grows bigger, part of it sticks out inside the neck.
调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。完形填空测试短文的空格设计与测试考生的重点及考查目标密切相关。如果空格要求考生填入虚词，则为功能性空格；如果填空要求填入实词，则为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，它遵循的是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，它要求学生不但具有阅读理解的能力，驾驭语法结构的能力，辨析词义的能力，而且还要具有较强的逻辑思维、分析和判断能力，同时对各类词法、句法、上下文逻辑关系、语义搭配以及写作技巧等还需具有较强的运用能力。一篇内容充实、结构合理、行文流畅的短文所依赖的不只是词汇和语法，更多的是篇章技巧。从近年来高考考生完形填空题的答题分析看，此题失误偏多，得分偏低。考生失误的原因是什么？又是如何造成的呢？笔者在此结合高中英语完形填空题做些分析，并提出相应的答题对策。 一、 失分原因及分析
1.阅读量逐年提高，题中信息深藏不露
以前的高考完形填空题文章一段约200～250个单词，但随着时间的推移，高考完形填空的词数在不断增加，我们来对比2005年及2010年高考完形考点分析表就可得出上述结论。 五年的时间，完形填空的单词量增加了近100个。从上表我们也可以看出完形填空的命题原则——以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化。实词中偏重于名词和动词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其他词类的考查。试题考查以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近几年已趋近于零，充分突出了“词汇语境化”的特点，其侧重点在语篇理解。考题的主旨要义不在表层，而在每个句子的字里行间，并根据考生可能的思维误区来设计选项。 2.考生缺乏语法结构分析能力
主要表现为长句、复合句增多、句子结构复杂（定语从句、状语从句、插入语等）、句式丰富多样（陈述句、祈使句、省略句、疑问句、感叹句等），极大增加了阅读难度，限制了学生的理解程度。 3.贫乏的英语文化背景知识
近几年高考试卷中完形填空题越来越多地选自以英语为母语的作者写的文章，并根据文中所反映的一些文化背景、生活常识来设计问题。一般来说，依据生活常识设计的题目难度并不大，失分原因主要是没掌握好与文化背景相关的知识。从某种意义上讲，
You can see it at the front of the throat. This is known as the Adam’s apple.
这里的“Adam’s apple”就有一个典故：根据《圣经》记载，上帝造人之初，亚当和夏娃无忧无虑地生活在伊甸园里。园里有一棵树，结着许多令人垂涎欲滴的果实——苹果。上帝告诫两人不要偷吃果实，可是他们听信了蛇的谗言而抵挡不住诱惑，偷吃了禁果。据说上帝来到伊甸园，亚当在惊慌失措中将一个苹果核卡在喉咙里，留下一个疙瘩。作为惩罚，上帝就让这个苹果核永远留在他的喉咙里，成为男性的喉结。这个故事伴随《圣经》代代相传，家喻户晓。后来人们就用“Adam’s apple”表示“男人的
现象，就不可能透彻理解上述文章的思想内容。我们应积极鼓励和指导学生大量阅读各种文体的英语读物，不断促进学生学习英语知识与文化背景知识的融合贯通。 三、结束语
完形填空测试就其考查的知识点、综合知识能力的运用方面仍是我国目前基础外语方面的测试。在做完形填空过程中，由于猜词的需要，运用上下文信息的习惯与能力得到了强化，这是培养学生根据上下文理解生词的能力与习惯的有效方式。完形填空是综合的测试手段，
也是综合的学生能力训练渠道。经常性地进行完形填空训练会有助于提他单项成绩的提高。从这个意义上讲，尽管完形填空在测试卷面上只占20分，但是它对于提高阅读理解能力、词汇能力、运用语法知识的能力甚至是写作能力的提高及扩展意义远远大于这个20分。
四、翻译: 一、语法
第二讲 高考英语完形填空的考点设置类型
This autumn was the wettest since records began in the U.K. Floods _______ large
parts of the country.
A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed away
二、语法 + 常识
More and more factories pump CD2 into the air , and atmosphere across the world _______.
A. burns B. hot C. warm D. heats up
三、四个答案对比
In Australia folds have covered an area the _______ of the whole of the Britain . A. width B. large C. length D. size
◆The village of Yaluma __1__ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexica, __2__ people are many Indians.
1. A. lies B, place C. lays D. soon 2. A. Their B. It‘s C, Its D. Its‘
★Rock stars‘ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music ____1____ about billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to ____2___ rock stars in person (亲自). 1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend 2. A. meet B, interview C. call D, see
五、连接词
★They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. ____ now they have an extra source of income (收入).
A. But B. And C. However D. Therefore
★Rock stars‘ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , ___1___ wrote and sang ―American Pie‖ , ___2___ he earns
an additional two cents on every single ___3___ of the song. 1. A. who B, he C. that D. as 2. A. and B, but C. so D. yet 3. A, copy B, record C. singing D. performance
★Many rock stars __1__ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. __2__ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save __3__ money and live from hand to mouth.
1. A. play B. live C. perform D. behave 2. A. But B. Then C. And D, So 3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty ★English people seem very quiet ______ reserved (缄默的), usually. A. though B, and C, even D. but
★It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _____ I was going along cheerfully.
A. But B, And C, Otherwise D, Yet
One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a ___1____ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought ___2____ was coming near. He began to walk ____3___. The footsteps became faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also ____4____ down.
1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way 2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone 3. A. slowly B, more slowly C, fast D, faster 4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned
六、词组与翻译
★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce ___1____ CD2 they put into the atmosphere. Ten years ____2____, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation and decided what to do next.
1, A. many B. a number of C. the amount of D. a good many 2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon
★……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I
___36___ to Salisbury.
36. A. reached B. arrived C. got D. led
七、比较四个答案,翻译文章
Projects (工程)____1___ this go over under the name of ― Carbon Trading‖. The basic ___2___ is that governments and companies can buy the _____3___ to pump CD2 into the air by investing ( 投资 ) in green _____4____ that6 takes it out again. 1. A. as B. like C. the same as D. except 2. A. fact B. meanings C. idea D. things 3. A. forests B. projects C. right D. debt 4, A, projects B. plants C. materials D. trees
八、前提示
★Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _______ stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year. A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movie
★Neil Young who performs ____1___ torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. ____2____ paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue ____3____ at the end of an evening. 1. A. in B. with C. for D. on 2. A. Before B. Beside C. After D. Except 3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. jeans
九、抓住主要信息词(本文的主体---核心) ,比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项. ―It doesn‘t _____1____,‖ said one of the older music millionaires, who made a million dollars a year when he was popular , in the 1950s. ―performers aren‘t worth this kind of money. In fact, ___2___is.‖
A. make efforts B. make progress C. make sense D. make money A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody
十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）
★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable . A. untouched B. worried C, moved D. excited ★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively 十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.
A. classroom B. means C. university D. hall A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences
He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didn‘t know _7_ to save himself
6. A. Still B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom 7. A. when B. where C. why D. how
第三讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略
那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维
山洞‖的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废；再往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗"之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个―窗口‖。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。
另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。
二、细读全文，透析文意
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致―定势思维‖错误。
事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与―语法结构‖错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：
1. 注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：
Eating spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien‘ s in Belleville (when) _37_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (served) _38_ spaghetti for supper.（2004全国卷I）
36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience 本题的信息提示出现在前面。做题的关键在于把握brought back与后面名词的搭配关系，即动词短语决定了名词的选择。bring back"把……带回来"，因此此处只能是"把过去的记忆带回来"，即"使人回忆起……"，因此答案只能是A。
With these words I began to (face) _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone
能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。
一、通览全文，抓准主旨
有的同学或是急于求成，总想"一步到位"，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或―见木不见林‖，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。
大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似―钻
十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）
★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable . A. untouched B. worried C, moved D. excited ★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively 十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.
A. classroom B. means C. university D. hall A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences
He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didn‘t know _7_ to save himself
6. A. Still B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom 7. A. when B. where C. why D. how
第三讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略
那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维
山洞‖的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废；再往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗"之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个―窗口‖。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。
另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。
二、细读全文，透析文意
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致―定势思维‖错误。
事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与―语法结构‖错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：
1. 注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：
Eating spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien‘ s in Belleville (when) _37_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (served) _38_ spaghetti for supper.（2004全国卷I）
36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience 本题的信息提示出现在前面。做题的关键在于把握brought back与后面名词的搭配关系，即动词短语决定了名词的选择。bring back"把……带回来"，因此此处只能是"把过去的记忆带回来"，即"使人回忆起……"，因此答案只能是A。
With these words I began to (face) _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone
能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。
一、通览全文，抓准主旨
有的同学或是急于求成，总想"一步到位"，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或―见木不见林‖，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。
大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似―钻
addiction. I used to call people _37_ , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I (waited) _38_ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.（2004全国卷Ⅱ）
37. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 本题的信息提示出现在后面。空后的―从早晨醒来到上床睡觉‖说明前面的动作是―经常、不断的‖，因此答案只能是B。
2. 注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译
出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的"语感"，不要受母语的影响。
It started socially —a few calls each day. It seemed (fine) _39_ , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the (situation) _40_ got worse. Soon it was _41_ use, until, finally, addiction. （2004全国卷Ⅱ）
41. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 本题如果仅凭汉语思维"经常用"电话，很容易误选B, regular虽然也有"经常的"的意思，但侧重指"固定的，有规律的"，不是一个贬义词。因此此处表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前，打电话是一种"频繁的"行为，含有贬义，因此用"频繁的"，表示行为"过火"，答案为A。
3. 研读细节，准确认定语境
用学生平日常见的固定搭配来干扰学生对具体语境的认定，利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性。如：
I was phoning people and (leaving) _46_ messages to make sure _47_ calls would see me through the day. （2004全国卷Ⅱ）
47. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 本题仅看前面和后面介词短语的搭配，很容易误选A。但仔细推敲语境，此处并不表示电话的"长度"，而表示电话的"数量"，因此应选C。
4. 发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意
近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种"假象"，产生―轻敌‖心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要
挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到―表里一致‖。如：
_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open?hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_ , but what I was feeling was pure happiness. 52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C，此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是―有人‖发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。
5. 结合生活常识判断
At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one?on?one training, got angry when she didn‘t give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. （2004北京高考）
38. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 39. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure 40. A. free B. private C. good D. basic 41. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs 本文介绍作者（一个少年女子足球队员）踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到―平等的（38）‖踢球时间；然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢？结合生活常识判断，应是有了"压力（39）"。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢？根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到―开小灶‖的机会，因此40应选B, private―私人的‖。41，父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的―比赛‖中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。
三、全面验证，理清逻辑
NMET完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是自然有序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，大家对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等心里也应该有一种很"明朗"的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如"雾里看花"，那就证明你对文章的把握还有问题，还要复读全文，验证答案。大家可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，回味一下，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。有的同学做完完形填空以后，不加核查便草草"收场"，结果让很明显的错误从眼前跳过，造成考(论坛)场上不应有的"遗憾"。
第四讲
分析北京高考题：
方法与演练（一） (give)，意识到(realize)，而是回答(answer)你询问的问题。 2 A 常识运用 逻辑推理 词义比较
先看语境：前一句的意思是―但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?(意思是：这是男孩子的事情。)‖；后一句的意思是―大多数人当然不……‖，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人(不太多)对此问题(前一句)不理解(understand)，不相信(believe)，不能作出回答(reply)，而纳闷、惊奇(wonder)，持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。 3 D 固定搭配
fall／be in love with…爱上……，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。 4 A 常识运用
因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪(wave)去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨 (storm)、航海(sail)或船(boat)。 5 C 固定搭配 词义比较
作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较(compare)。connect with连接, 联络，将...连起来；compare with与…比较；tie up with和…联系一起；bring带来，引起，通常不与with连用。
6 D 逻辑推理 常识运用
作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活(life)的组成部分，她不仅仅只是在假期(holiday)里冲浪，当然工作(work)和学习(study)也不能耽误。in my life是―在我的生活中‖。 7 A 常识运用 词义比较
冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧(mind)和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。 8 C 常识运用 逻辑推理
在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线(along)，上面(above)，旁边(by)，而是身体的四周(around)都是凉爽的咸水。 9 B 常识运用 逻辑推理
冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩(beach)，有可能是在湖(lake)里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板(board)在水(water)面上进行。 10 D 常识运用 逻辑推理
冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋(ocean)融为一体的感觉。
文章的题目Surfing：It's Not Just for Boys Any more明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。
Surfing: It‘s Not Just for Boys Anymore
If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would __1__: surfing (冲浪运动). But isn‘t that a boy thing? Some people __2__. Most certainly not.
I started surfing about five years ago and__3__in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first __4__ was the best feeling I had ever experienced.
When I try to __5__ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my __6__, there‘s nothing like it. It involves (牵涉到) body, __7__, and soul. There‘s sand between my toes and cool, salt water all __8__ us. The feeling I get when I‘m surfing across that __9__, becoming one with the__10__, is like I‘m weightless. 1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize 2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe 3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell 4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat 5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie 6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life 7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time 8. A. along B. above C. around D. by 9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake 10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean 答案 1 B 前后照应 逻辑推理 词义比较
如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉(tell)，给予
The one thing I can __11__ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge(挑战). You can never be the ―best suffer‖ because the ocean __12__ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的) and __13__. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it __14__ from any other sport. I‘ve __15__ to tell every girl I know to do something that people don‘t think girls can do. It‘s part of being human to advance to new __16__, so shouldn‘t it be expected that girls should step up and start __17__ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?
There‘re women __18__ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys __19__ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to __20__, and they will.
11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep 12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects 13. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm 14. A. known B. right C. far D. different 15. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised 16. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts 17. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting 18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working 19. A. of B. from C. on D. with 20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 答案 11 B
作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得(get)了无止境的挑战的体会‖。再则，前文The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that water，becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。take from减少, 降低；get from从……得到；make from由...制造； keep from阻止, 隐瞒, 抑制。 12 C
你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、提供(offer)的是任何人都控制不了
的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch抓住，捕获；include包括，包含；offer提供；collect收集，聚集。 13 A
有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing之间词义的顺承和协调―自由而流畅‖，后句的aggressive and__13__也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A，sharp可以表示―精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为‖的意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。 14 D
所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于(different)其他运动。注意此段第一句The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。(be) different from和……不同。(be)far from远离, 远非；known和right通常不与from搭配。 15 B
我尽力(try)地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose选择、挑选；try试图、努力；learn学习；promise答应、许诺。 16 A
朝着新的水平(level)不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level水平，水准, 标准, 级别；point 点, 尖端；step步调, 步伐, 步骤, 措施；part 部分, 局部。 17 C
所以女孩子们难道不应当应拾级而上，开始冲破(push)男人过去主宰的事物极限吗？reach到达，伸出；accept 接受, 认可；push突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。 18 D
在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐(sit)，步行(walk)，战斗(fight)，而且并肩工作(work)着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。 19 C
所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on表示―在……供职‖、―(是)…的成员‖，on the football team的意思是―是/成为足球队队员‖。 20 B
给女孩子一个获得成功(succeed)的机会，让她们思考(think) ，感觉(feel)表演(perform)，
她们就都会有所成就。
1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success 2. A. far B. long C. way D. direction 3. A. got B, found C. taught D. practiced 4. A. self—educated B. self –service C. first ---hand D. up –to ---date KEY：BACC
3、抓住中心意思-----围绕什么话题 (在文章中出现频率最多的词)
Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall ( 演讲厅 ) but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ___1___, many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class. The professor begins by selecting one ___2___ of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will open up for class ___3___. Everyone is encouraged to give ____4___ on he work. Not every piece we study is ___5___ famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations(评论). 1. A. subjects B. paintings C. speeches D. lectures 2. A. book B. passage C. text D. work 3. A. discussion B. activity C. argument D. consideration 4. A. questions B. ideas C. comments D. thoughts 5. A. necessarily B. rather C. nearly D. too
第五讲
分析卷高考题(04广西)：
Jim Shelley是一个有瘾的人。他打电话有瘾，且不能自拔。真是大千世界，无奇不有。 ―My name‘s Jim Shelley and I‘m an addict(有瘾的人)…‖
With these words I began to __1__ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people __2__, from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I __3__ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.
It started socially — a few calls each day. It seemed __4__, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the __5__ got worse. Soon it was __6__ use, until, finally, addiction.
And it began to affect(影响) my __7__. During the day I would disappear for __8__ call. If I
方法指导与演练 1、逻辑推理.
A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology ( 心理学 ) course spends every Saturday working with mentally ( 智力上 )_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable ( 有价值的 ). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations ( 观察 ).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited 47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments 48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying 49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note KEY：CBDC
Students generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these special _____50_____ opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover KEY：DB
The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates. A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water KEY：A
2、关连词的重要性(特别是转折、并列….. )
No one denies (否认) the ____1____ of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this ____2_____. Slices (幻灯片 ) and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details(细节) , but creativity ( 创造力 ) of thought cannot be ____3____. They can only be developed through _____4____ experience.
方法与演练（二）
couldn‘t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more __9__, in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, __10__ myself just one more call.
1. A. face B. find C. accept D. notice
2. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 3. A. tried B. asked C. waited D. invited 4. A. polite B. important C. fine D. special 5. A. condition B. situation C. result D. effect 6. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 7. A. friends B. study C. family D. work 8. A. a quick B. a secret C. an expected D. an extra 9. A. hopeful B. delighted C. frightened D. anxious 10.A. forcing B. telling C. giving D. limiting 答案 1 A
说完这些话，作者就开始面对/承认(face)了问题。face面对，面临, 承认；find找到, 发现, 感到；accept接受, 认可，承认；notice注意到。 2 B
作者过去从醒来到睡觉总是不停(all the time)地给人家打电话。now and then偶尔，有时；at home在家；at work在工作中；all the time始终。 3 C
我等候着(wait)，而不是要(ask)，试着(try)，邀请(invite)人家打电话过来，又想打电话出去，又多打一个电话出去 4 C
开始是为了社交，每天几个电话，仅仅快速的聊聊天，似乎没什么事(fine)，而没有什么特别(special)，客气(polite)，重要(important)的地方。注意与后句的though和got worse联系起来理解。 5 B
可后来，慢慢地，情况(situation)却越来越遭。condition 条件，环境；situation情形, 境遇；result结果, 成效；effect作用, 影响。
6 A
不久，就总是不停，频繁(frequent)地打电话来了，最后竟然上瘾了. frequent时常发生的, 频繁的，通常强调动作的多次反复出现；B. regular有规则的，经常的，强调动作有规律的经常出现；unusual不平常的，不寻常的，强调非常的情况；particular特别的, 独特的，强调个性特征。 7 D
这不仅仅影响朋友(friends)，家人(family)，学习(study)，还影响了我的工作(work)。后文谈论的是作者的工作情况。 8 A
大白天，不是为了一个秘密的(secret)，预料到了的(expected)，额外的(extra)电话，而是为了一个急迫的(quick)电话作者会突然出去。 9 D
没有电话打时，就等候人家打电话来，等得作者不是充满希望(hopeful)，欣喜快乐(delighted)，而是越来越迫切、焦虑不安(anxious)，但不至于担惊受怕(frightened)。 10 B
作者就会跟这个人打，跟那个人打，心里总是告诫(tell)就再打一个，而不是强迫(force)，给予(give)和限制(limit)自己。这句话是对作者的当时的心情的描述。
I was phoning people and __11__ messages to make sure __12__ calls would see me
through the day. I used to arrive at friends‘ homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the __13__ ―Is it OK if I just use the phone…?‖ At work, I became __14__ when my fellow workers tried to __15__ me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss (with the phone). Finally, the police caught me __16__ a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was __17__ to see a psychiatrist (心理医生).
I haven‘t __18__ a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it‘s several days __19__ I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are __20__ people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict. 11. A. leaving B. taking C. passing D. recording 12. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 13. A. saying B. demands C. wish D. words 14. A. careful B. mad C. determined D. helpless
15. A. save B. reduce C. protect D. stop 16. A. destroying B. using C. stealing D. emptying 17. A. offered B. guided C. ordered D. reminded 18. A. missed B. had C. received D. fixed 19. A. as B. when C. if D. since 20. A. always B. just C. more D. different
1-5ABCCB 6-10ADADB 11-15ACDBD 16-20ACBDA 答案 11 A
作者总是给人家打电话，并留下(leave)讯息，而不是接受(take)，传递(pass)，记录(record)讯息。take /pass/record /leave messages接受/传递记录/留下讯息。 12 C
作者不管这电话是长时间的(long)，还是紧接着来的(immediate)，还是令人吃惊的(surprising)电话，而是要确保明天我能有足够多(enough)的电话来度过这一天。 13 D
作者就会直接走到电话机前说―我可以用这电话吗？‖这些话(words)来表达要求(demands)或希望(wish)。saying谚语，警句，指人们经常重复耳熟能详的语句；demands要求，需要；wish希望，请求；words话语。 14 B
上班工作的时候，同伴阻止作者去打电话，作者就会感到无助(helpless)而情绪败坏狂怒发疯(mad)，而不会小心从事(careful)，意志坚定(determined)点而不去打电话。 15 D
同伴们会阻止(stop)作者去打电话。save sb. from救助/拯救某人脱离；protect sb. from保护某人免遭；stop sb. From阻止某人，使某人不做某事。reduce 通常不与表示―避免‖意义的from搭配。 16 A
作者花掉了最后一英镑，没有了钱，他没法再使用(use)，也偷(steal)不着钱，倒不空(empty)电话亭，便气急败坏地毁坏(destroy)电话亭，结果给警察逮个正着。 17 C
作者被命令/安排(order)去看心理医生。Offer(主动提供)，guide(指导，引导)，remind(提醒)的用词都太客气委婉，order通常指上级对下属等强硬的―指使，命令，安排‖，意义较为强烈，其语气更符合文意。 18 B
三天里作者包括接(receive)和打，没有(have)一个电话，也就无从错过(miss)一个电话，更无法安装(fix)电话机了。 19 D
自作者使用电话亭以来，已经好几天了=作者好几天没有使用过电话亭了。since表示―自……以来‖的意思。 20 A
作者努力不去看电视，不是因为电视上有各类不同(different)或更多的(more)人，也不是有人正好在打电话，而是因为屏幕上总是、时常(always)出现人们打电话的镜头。 理论完形填空
我们让同学们了解了高考题的特点和基本方法后，应该循序渐进的进行―完形填空方法‖的单句或某一段的挖空训练：
一定要帮助同学们过语言推理这一关，同时注意语气副词在高考中的位置，几乎每年都考，以下是几个巩固训练题。 (一) 完形填空中的语气副词的情景设置
①….I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the _______ smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. A. still B. yet C. even D. already
②He certainly looked the part all right, he thought as he admired himself in the mirror. He _______ thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there…..
A. just B, even C. still D. already
③The shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can ________ damage a perfect diamond.
A. almost B. even C. just D. ever
④….At times, he would turn, sit down, and _______ go on his knees. A. almost B. even C. often D. rather
⑤….After a hard day in the laboratory, she goes home. There she pays with her toys. She
______ enjoys watching television before going to bed. A. quite B. already C. even D. still
⑥……..Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay‘s words, they ______ seem tome the best yardstick, because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than other. A. even B. still C. always D. almost
⑦…….First of all he was a window –cleaner and in his first week he managed to break at least six windows. He ______ lost his job as a postman because he sent off all the letters when he should have taken them to people‘s houses….. A. thus B. even C. once D. only
⑧…….Finally I turned the key in the lock and pushed the door open, with Dad _______complaining about a hurting knee or something…. A. yet B. only C. even D. still
⑨The native people said they knew of this animal and called it the ― Yeti‖ , and they said that they had _____ caught Yeti on two occasions (场面 )though none has ever been produced as evidence (证据 )
A. even B. hardly C. certainly D. probably 逻辑推理.
★A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology (心理学) course spends every Saturday working with mentally (智力上)_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable (有价值的). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations (观察).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited
47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments 48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying 49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note
★Students generally appreciate (认可) these special _____50_____ opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
★The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates. A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water
第六讲 方法与演练（三）
2010年广东卷 复习：第二节 1. 猜测词意：
come across __________ present the water to the old man _______________ take a deep drink __________ with a happy heart ______________ spit out ____________ 2. 翻译语句：
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _________________________________________________________________________
3. present 的用法
_________________________________________________________________________
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） Every country has its own culture. 改错题：将短文中的错误改正。
Every country has itself culture. Because each country uses doors, doors may have practical functions and purposes which lead to practical difference.
When I fist came America, I noticed that a public building had two different sign and they had distinction functions. You have to push the door with the word ―PUSH‖ to go into the building and to pull the door with the word ―PULL‖ to enter the building. This is new to me, because we use the same door in South Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassing.
The way of using school bus doors was also strange to us. I used to taking the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, parents who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get off faster. In South Korean, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning I hurried to the bus, and when the bus doors opened, I slowly tried to get on the
school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me. I was totally unsatisfied, and my face went red.
选择填空以复查。
Even though each country uses doors. .Doors many have__21___functions and purposes which lead to ___22__differences.
When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different__23___ and they had distinct functions. You have to push the door with the word ―PUSH‖ to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word ―PULL‖ to_24_____the building. This was new to me, because we use the ____25__door in south Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.
The way of using school bus doors was also ____26__to me .I used to take the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27_____who were getting off the bus should get off first , and students who were getting on should get on __28__. In south Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the bus ,and when the bus doors opened, I___29____tried to get on the school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally__30____,and my face went red.
* 原文选项：
21. A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual 22. 23. 25.
A.national
B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing
A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors A.main B.same C.front D.back
解题方法和步骤
第七讲 方法与演练（四）
1.通读全文,了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索答。 尽管完形填空给学生提供的是一篇残缺不全的文章，但作答前花上两、三分钟，忽略残缺部分，对整个篇章作出判断，是完全必要,也是很值得的。只有这样,才能掌握文章大意, 找到文章基调，弄清作者思路,情节发展过程,建立起必要的背景知识,也才有保证抓住中心议题,做到心中有底,其后才能不断根据文中提供的信息,将被删除的细节补全,使文章的情节得到正常发展，最后获得完整语篇。
在通读时,文章的第一句是很重要的,它常为全文提供大意,主题,体裁,人物,时间,地点,气氛等多方面信息,有了这些信息,再往下读,就是跳过一些空格,也不会太紧张。在通读文章之后，要充分利用文章本身提供的信息（也就是我们常说的语境），找出正确答案。对文章领会越深刻，越能体会到上下文之间的关系，答案才能找得越准确。在读其他句子时,也不要忽视小词,有些信息往往来自于这些小词,它们的色彩能决定我们的选择。下面以2000年高考完形填空为例，进行分析。
I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and at the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcases 3 down the stairs. ―Damn!‖ he screamed, his face turning red. I knew 4 was ahead. Whenever Dad‘s face turns red, 5 !
How could I ever 6 him to finish unloading the car 7 screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, girls I would have to spend the 8 of the year with? Doors were opening and faces peering out (探出), as Dad walked 9 close behind. I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a(n) 10 start.
― 11 the room quickly,‖ I thought. ―Get him into a chair and calmed down.‖ But 12 , would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be a(n) 13 room?
14 I turned the key in the lock and 15 the door open, with Dad 16 complaining(抱怨) about a hurting knee or something. I put my head in, expecting the 17 . But to my 18 , the room wasn‘t empty at all! It had furniture, curtain, a TV, and even paintings on the walls. And there on a well-made bed sat Amy, my new 19 , dressed neatly. Greeting me with a nod, she said in a soft voice, ―Hi, you must be Cori.‖ Then, she 20 the music and looked over at 21 . ―And of course, you‘re Mr. Faber,‖ she said, 21 . ―Would you like a glass of iced tea?‖ Dad‘s face turned decidedly 23 before he could bring out a ―yes.‖
24. A.enter B.leave C.open D.close 26. A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange 27. A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers 28. A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier 29. A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly 30. A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited
I knew 24 that Amy and I would be 25 and my first year of college would be a success.
1.A.helpless B.lazy C.anxious D.tired 2.A.took B.minded C.missed D.picked 3.A.rolling B.passing C.dropping D.turning 4.A.suffering B.difficulty C.trouble D.danger 5.A.go ahead B.look out C.hold on D.give up 6.A.lead B.help C.encourage D.get 7.A.after B.without C.while D.besides 8.A.best B.beginning C.end D.rest
9.A.with difficulty B.in a hurry C.with firm steps D.in wonder 10.A.fresh B.late C.bad D.unfair 11.A.Search B.Find C.Enter D.Book
12.A.in fact B.by chance C.once more D.then again 13.A.small B.empty C.new D.neat
14.A.Finally B.Meanwhile C.Sooner or later D.At the moment 15.A.knocked B.forced C.pushed D.tried 16.A.yet B.only C.even D.still 17.A.worst B.chair C.best D.tea
18.A.regret B.disappointment C.surprise D.knowledge 19.A.roommate B.classmate C.neighbour D.companion 20.A.turned on B.turned down C.played D.enjoyed 21.A.Dad B.me C.the door D.the floor
22.A.questioning B.wondering C.smiling D.guessing 23.A.red B.less pale C.less red D.pale 24.A.soon B.there C.later D.then
25.A.sisters B.friends C.students D.fellows
Key: 1-5 DCACB 6-10 DBDAC 11-15 BDBAC 16-20 DACAB 21-25 ACCDB 2.明确词意,词型,词的搭配,并按上下文需要作答。
做完形填空中遇到的一个最大的问题就是拿不准该选哪个词,有时就是在语境清楚
明确的情况下,也不容易选出正确答案,这就需要我们掌握词意的细微区别,词意程度的深浅,所表示范围的大小,或感情色彩的不同等词意方面的知识;掌握词型知识,如动词的不同动词型,或其他词类的词型等;及词的搭配,如动词与名词的固定搭配,动词与介词的搭配,名词与介词的搭配,形容词与介词的搭配等等。同时上下文是一环套一环的, 不同的词汇说明事物发展的不同程度,不同场合;人物的不同动作,不同心理;结果的不同方面,不同色彩等等。只有把对上下文语境的明了及对词的用法的清楚结合起来作答,完形填空的正确性才能有充分的证。
根据历年高考完形填空试题中所考的各种词类的比例来看,动词,名词所占的比例最大，其次是形容词,副词,连词,介词,代词等。所以在词的学习方面,我们应该对动词,名词给予特别的留心与关照。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bell. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议) against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
―They not only make it 4 to sleep at night, but they are 5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 ,‖ said John Norris, one of the protesters.
― 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,‖ said Jean Lacey, a biology student, ―why don‘t they build a new road that goes 8 the town? Burlington isn‘t much more than a 9 village. Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic.‖
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 . ―Most of them don‘t 15 here anyway,‖ he said, ―they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音), 16 they probably don‘t 17 the noise all that much. It‘s high time they realized the 18 .‖
The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were 19 on their side, and even if they weren‘t they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
―Not really,‖ she said, ―actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practising.‖ I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1.A. college B. village C. town D. church
2.A. change B. repair C. ring D. shake
3.A. now and then B. day and night C. up and down D. over and over 4.A. terrible B. difficult C. uncomfortable D. unpleasant 5.A. doing B. raising C. putting D. producing 6.A. scene B. period C. interest D. sense 7.A. If B. Although C. When D. Unless 8.A. to B. through C. over D. round 9.A. pretty B. quiet C. large D. modern 10.A. tested B. meant C. kept D. used 11.A. well B. hard C. biology D. education 12.A. effort B. time C. trouble D. noise
13.A. townspeople B. other students C. government officials D. truck drivers 14.A. stand B. accept C. know D. share 15.A. shop B. live C. come D. study 16.A. but B. so C. or D. for
17.A. notice B. mention C. fear D. control 18.A. event B. loss C. action D. problem 19.A. hardly B. unwillingly C. mostly D. usually 20.A. I B. We C. She D. They
21.A. surprised B. afraid C. pleased D. determined 22.A. seize B. fight C. search D. stop
23.A. proper B. experienced C. hopeful D. serious 24.A. point B. cause C. need D. law 25.A. left B. found C. reached D. passed
Key: 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 CDCAB 16-20 BADCA 21-25 BDADA
3.根据语法知识,典型句型及句型之间的关系来作答。
高考完形填空中根据语法知识设的空并不多, 但掌握一定的语法知识，根据上下文学会分析句子类型、或句子与句子之间的逻辑关系，也是非常有用的。我们要看清句子是时间状语从句,定语从句还是并列句等等,另外我们还需要进行分析，看句与句之间
是原因与结果的关系,还是现象与结论的关系,或是前后顺序关系,或是后对前的进一步解释关系,还是并列的,同位的,对比的,选择的,转折的关系等等。 下面例题节自92年高考完形填空试题。
The lecture on smoking was over at last. As we boys were rushing towards the playground, Jim slipped by the table. The watch, which Mrs. Smith had 1 on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.
We were 2 to go back for class again when the headmaster called us 3 and said, "I've got a little 4 for you boys. Mrs. Smith has just lost her watch on the playground. This kind of thing has happened 5 , she says----it just
6 off her wrist(手腕). So, look around for it, will you? 7 if you're clever enough to find it. Let's 8 it clear the boy who does 9 will get a useful reward."
1.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid 2.A.about B.able C.sorry D.sure 3.A.forward B.together C.straight D.out 4.A.fun B.trick C.job D.prize 5.A.before B.now C.here D.there 6.A.goes B.throws C.slips D.falls 7.A.Say B.See C.Guess D.Check 8.A.get B.put C.make D.keep 9.A.this B.such C.that D.so
Key:1-5 DABCA 6-9 CBCD
要提高做完形填空的正确率、尽量减少错误选择，也是要有较高的阅读能力作基础的。因此，平时扩大阅读量、扩大知识面，十分必要。学习英语要靠积累，课堂上要积累，课外更要积累。高考是选拔人才的考试，谁知识面广，谁积累得多，谁在能力上就更胜一筹。
- 15 - 11/8/2012
第八讲
强化训练 (一)
2009北京卷
The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to ___31___ the seats, settled in one of them.
It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of ___32___. Susan's husband Mark watched her ___33___ into hopelessness and he was ___34___ to use every possible means to help his wife.
Finally, Susan felt ready to ___35___ to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too ___36___ to get around the city by herself. Mark ___37___ to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening ___38___ she could manage it by herself. For two weeks, Mark ___39___ Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other ___40___, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new___41___. At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip ___42___. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband ___43___, her eyes filled with tears of gratitude (感激). She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their ___44___ ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement ___45___ Susan. She was doing it!
On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work ___46___. As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, "Miss, I sure ___47___ you. " Curious, Susan asked the driver ___48___.
- 16 - "You know, every morning for the ___49___ week, a fine-looking gentleman a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely, "the bus driver said.
Tears of happiness poured down Susan's cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than ___50___. That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness. 31.A.touch B.grab C.count D.feel
32.A.weakness B.sickness C.darkness D.sadness 33.A.run B.sink C.jump D.step
34.A.inspired B.determined C.honored D.pleased. 35.A.return B.adjust C.contribute D.stick
36.A.tired B.astonished C.depressed D.frightened 37.A.volunteered B.attempted C.continued D.straggled 38.A.when B.as C.until D.after
39.A.drove B.directed C.accompanied D.sent 40.A.feelings B.organs C.skills D.senses 41.A.position B.environment C.status D.role
42.A.on her own B.in person C.to her benefit D.on foot 43.A.politely B.calmly C.briefly D.tightly 44.A.opposite B.separate C.fixed D.lonely
45.A.took charge of B.took place of C.took advantage of D.took hold 46.A.as usual B.as a role C.as well D.as a consequence 47.A.respect B.envy C.know D.support 48.A.what B.how C.why D.who 49.A.past B.same C.first D.next 50.A.courage B.will C.sight D.wisdom 11/8/2012
第九讲 强化训练（二）
26. A. before B. since C. while D. as
27. A. wondering B. forgetting C. remembering D. regretting
2012年高考英语陕西卷
28. A. preferred B. expected C. failed D. decided
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __26__ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and __27__ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She__28__ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __29__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __30__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __31__. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __32__.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy __33__ that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. He jumped __34__ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere.
37. A. calmly B. loudly C. merrily D. gently
However, from the ground came a __35__ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He __36__ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking __37__ into the air, the dog __38__ through the woods until he found the __39__ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __40__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He __41__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __42__. When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 44 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 45 . That night Laddy had a heror’s supper: a huge meal of steak
38. A. searched B. wandered C. looked D. travelled 39. A.window B. girl C. house D. hero
40. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. embarrassment D. delight 41. A. jumped B. climbed C. walked D. flew 42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep 43. A. spotted B. watched C. observed D. saw 33. A. found B. sensed C. heard D. smelt 34. A. at B. through C. in D. onto
35. A. terrible B. strange C. pleasant D. familiar 36. A. missed B. discovered C. followed D. ignored 29. A. When B. Until C. If D. Because
30. A. carelessly B. cautiously C. hopelessly D. unwillingly 31. A. trees B. bushes C. woods D. grasses 32. A. stream B. rock C. tree D. house
- 17 - 11/8/2012
44. A. disturbed B. comforted C. rescued D. scared 45. A. pain B. shock C. sorrow D. relief
第十讲
2010浙江卷
I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be ___21___ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd ___22___?" Just when I started to ___23___ that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women ___24___ at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of ___25___ that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn't ___26___. Somebody had thought ___27___ of me to bring me a gift.
Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my ___28___ Christmas there special and memorable, I ___29___ remembered the women's visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of ___30___ for as many children as I could possibly reach.
So I ___31___ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, ___32___ with a child's name. We wanted all of them to know they were ___33___. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I ___34___ them that they couldn't open their presents ___35___ child had come forward. Finally the ___36___ they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As
强化训练（三）
the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles ___37___ up the room. The ___38___ in the room was obvious, and ___39___ wasn't just about toys. It was a feeling—the feeling I knew ___40___ that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn't forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter. 21.A.sending B.receiving C.making D.exchanging 22.A.found B.prepared C.got D.expected 23.A.doubt B.hope C.suggest D.accept
24.A.broke in B.settled down C.turned up D.showed off 25.A.relief B.loss C.achievement D.justice 26.A.blamed B.loved C.forgotten D.affected 27.A.highly B.little C.poorly D.enough 28.A.present B.first C.recent D.previous
29.A.hardly B.instantly C.regularly D.occasionally 30.A.strength B.independence C.importance D.safety
31.A.kept up with B.caught up with C.came up with D.put up with 32.A.none B.few C.some D.each 33.A.fine B.special C.helpful D.normal
34.A.reminded B.guaranteed C.convinced D.promised 35.A.after B.until C.when D.since 36.A.chance B.gift C.moment D.reward 37.A.lit B.took C.burned D.cheered
38.A.atmosphere B.sympathy C.calmness D.joy 39.A.it B.such C.something D.everybody 40.A.by B.till C.for D.from
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结束语
【英语多棱镜】
Do you talk to people just to pass the time?
If we are being polite with people there are only a few things we can choose to say. However, conversations which pass the time can be a little bit more varied. We have ‗pass-time‘ conversations at parties or before meetings or when we are delayed in a train. Someone will choose a subject and comment on it in a general kind of way. And then someone else will add a comment. In a ‗pass-time‘ conversation people don‘t show their individuality very much. Usually people agree with each other or only disagree in unimportant ways. And they don‘t try to start a serious discussion or argument which they care about.
‗Pass-time‘ conversations are very important if you are travelling and visiting people‘s homes. ‗Pass-time‘ conversations help you to get to know the other person a little bit. Then you can decide whether you want to get to know them better and to share more useful and interesting conversations. Here is a typical British ‗pass-time‘ conversation. You can practise it!
The other person: It really has been awful weather in the last few days, hasn‘t it? You: Absolutely terrible! We haven‘t really had a summer at all! / I suppose it‘s all right for the gardens./ It‘s just the time of year I suppose./ (and for the humourist) It‘s all right for ducks!
If you want to disagree, do so gently and in such a way that you don‘t upset them! You: To tell you the truth I‘m quite happy about the rain! I‘ve just planted some seeds in the garden and it‘s just what they need. (If you just made the statement, ‗I‘m quite happy about the rain!‘ and gave no explanation, particularly if you didn‘t smile, the other person would be offended!)
People sometimes talk about serious subjects in ‗pass-time‘ conversations. And yet they don‘t really say anything which might be too original or disturbing.
My dear, keep smiling and be happy in talking in English!
- 19 - 11/8/2012
英语自编校本课程教材
目 录
第一讲 认识高考完形填空
..............................（2） 第二讲 高考英语完形填空的考点设置类型 .....................（3） 巧
做 美 做 完 形 填 空
——2013学年第一学期
刘淑娟 编著
第三讲 第四讲 第五讲 第六讲 第七讲 第八讲 第九讲 第十讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略 ............................（5） 方法与演练（一） ......................................（9） 方法与演练（二） ...................................（12） 方法与演练（三） ......................................（14） 强化训练 (一) ........................................（16）强化训练 (二) ........................................（17）强化训练 (三) ........................................（18）结束语 .................................................（19）
2012
第一讲 认识高考完形填空
悉一些英语国家的生活习惯、文化背景、风土人情与生活方式等。然而，现阶段的学生普遍缺乏对这方面知识的了解，对莎士比亚、惠特曼感到陌生的大有人在，对
二、 问题的解决
原因。那么，怎样才能找到有效的解决方法来减少失分状况呢？笔者根据自己平时的教学情况，提出以下几种方法以供参考。
首先，对完形填空的篇章可采用下面的解题步骤： （1）总则：先完意，再完形。
（2）跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意（注意首尾句）。 （3）细读课文，综合考虑，初定答案。 （4）再读全文，反复检查。
其次，在掌握基本语法知识的前提下突破英语词汇关。英语词汇非常丰富，单词量大，包括大量的短语和科普词汇。要让学生在中学阶段掌握过多的词汇是不切实际的，我们要运用在语境中学习词汇的策略，帮助学生理解词义、掌握结构、选用词形、拓展词块。请看下例：在句子“He is usually shown as a tall, clear-shaven man without the beard and mustache that Father Christmas is pictured with”中学习“picture”的词义及用法，自然比在词汇表中孤立地学习它要容易理解，便于记忆。分析从句可知，“picture”在此是动词用法，表达“描绘、想象”的意思。这个句子中的动词“picture”的用法结构是Sb.+be pictured+with sth.，或者Sb.+picture+sb. else+with sth.。除了关注应用在语境中学习词汇的策略外，我们还要指导学生积极应用构词法、音形结合法、联想法、归纳法、词块记忆法等学习策略进行即时学习，应用循环记忆法等学习策略进行长时学习。
最后，加大阅读量，做到精读与泛读统一运用，增加文化背景知识的输入。阅读理解能力的提高是减少完形填空失分的关键，所以我们一定要加大阅读量。但提高学生阅读英语的能力单纯通过教材是远远不够的，要有计划指导学生阅读一定数量的读物。我们来看下面一段话：
Not only do older guys and men sound different from boys, but you can also see the difference in their necks. When the larynx grows bigger, part of it sticks out inside the neck.
调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。完形填空测试短文的空格设计与测试考生的重点及考查目标密切相关。如果空格要求考生填入虚词，则为功能性空格；如果填空要求填入实词，则为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，它遵循的是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，它要求学生不但具有阅读理解的能力，驾驭语法结构的能力，辨析词义的能力，而且还要具有较强的逻辑思维、分析和判断能力，同时对各类词法、句法、上下文逻辑关系、语义搭配以及写作技巧等还需具有较强的运用能力。一篇内容充实、结构合理、行文流畅的短文所依赖的不只是词汇和语法，更多的是篇章技巧。从近年来高考考生完形填空题的答题分析看，此题失误偏多，得分偏低。考生失误的原因是什么？又是如何造成的呢？笔者在此结合高中英语完形填空题做些分析，并提出相应的答题对策。 一、 失分原因及分析
1.阅读量逐年提高，题中信息深藏不露
以前的高考完形填空题文章一段约200～250个单词，但随着时间的推移，高考完形填空的词数在不断增加，我们来对比2005年及2010年高考完形考点分析表就可得出上述结论。 五年的时间，完形填空的单词量增加了近100个。从上表我们也可以看出完形填空的命题原则——以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化。实词中偏重于名词和动词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其他词类的考查。试题考查以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近几年已趋近于零，充分突出了“词汇语境化”的特点，其侧重点在语篇理解。考题的主旨要义不在表层，而在每个句子的字里行间，并根据考生可能的思维误区来设计选项。 2.考生缺乏语法结构分析能力
主要表现为长句、复合句增多、句子结构复杂（定语从句、状语从句、插入语等）、句式丰富多样（陈述句、祈使句、省略句、疑问句、感叹句等），极大增加了阅读难度，限制了学生的理解程度。 3.贫乏的英语文化背景知识
近几年高考试卷中完形填空题越来越多地选自以英语为母语的作者写的文章，并根据文中所反映的一些文化背景、生活常识来设计问题。一般来说，依据生活常识设计的题目难度并不大，失分原因主要是没掌握好与文化背景相关的知识。从某种意义上讲，
You can see it at the front of the throat. This is known as the Adam’s apple.
这里的“Adam’s apple”就有一个典故：根据《圣经》记载，上帝造人之初，亚当和夏娃无忧无虑地生活在伊甸园里。园里有一棵树，结着许多令人垂涎欲滴的果实——苹果。上帝告诫两人不要偷吃果实，可是他们听信了蛇的谗言而抵挡不住诱惑，偷吃了禁果。据说上帝来到伊甸园，亚当在惊慌失措中将一个苹果核卡在喉咙里，留下一个疙瘩。作为惩罚，上帝就让这个苹果核永远留在他的喉咙里，成为男性的喉结。这个故事伴随《圣经》代代相传，家喻户晓。后来人们就用“Adam’s apple”表示“男人的
现象，就不可能透彻理解上述文章的思想内容。我们应积极鼓励和指导学生大量阅读各种文体的英语读物，不断促进学生学习英语知识与文化背景知识的融合贯通。 三、结束语
完形填空测试就其考查的知识点、综合知识能力的运用方面仍是我国目前基础外语方面的测试。在做完形填空过程中，由于猜词的需要，运用上下文信息的习惯与能力得到了强化，这是培养学生根据上下文理解生词的能力与习惯的有效方式。完形填空是综合的测试手段，
也是综合的学生能力训练渠道。经常性地进行完形填空训练会有助于提他单项成绩的提高。从这个意义上讲，尽管完形填空在测试卷面上只占20分，但是它对于提高阅读理解能力、词汇能力、运用语法知识的能力甚至是写作能力的提高及扩展意义远远大于这个20分。
四、翻译: 一、语法
第二讲 高考英语完形填空的考点设置类型
This autumn was the wettest since records began in the U.K. Floods _______ large
parts of the country.
A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed away
二、语法 + 常识
More and more factories pump CD2 into the air , and atmosphere across the world _______.
A. burns B. hot C. warm D. heats up
三、四个答案对比
In Australia folds have covered an area the _______ of the whole of the Britain . A. width B. large C. length D. size
◆The village of Yaluma __1__ in the mountains of Chipas , a province of Southern Mexica, __2__ people are many Indians.
1. A. lies B, place C. lays D. soon 2. A. Their B. It‘s C, Its D. Its‘
★Rock stars‘ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music ____1____ about billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to ____2___ rock stars in person (亲自). 1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend 2. A. meet B, interview C. call D, see
五、连接词
★They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. ____ now they have an extra source of income (收入).
A. But B. And C. However D. Therefore
★Rock stars‘ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock music spend about billion dollars a year for records. MR. In 1956, Mclean , ___1___ wrote and sang ―American Pie‖ , ___2___ he earns
an additional two cents on every single ___3___ of the song. 1. A. who B, he C. that D. as 2. A. and B, but C. so D. yet 3. A, copy B, record C. singing D. performance
★Many rock stars __1__ like Grace slick and Jefferson. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bells, and buy new toys. __2__ when they need money again , they do another tour. They save __3__ money and live from hand to mouth.
1. A. play B. live C. perform D. behave 2. A. But B. Then C. And D, So 3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty ★English people seem very quiet ______ reserved (缄默的), usually. A. though B, and C, even D. but
★It was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _____ I was going along cheerfully.
A. But B, And C, Otherwise D, Yet
One evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a ___1____ he heard footsteps behind him and he thought ___2____ was coming near. He began to walk ____3___. The footsteps became faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps also ____4____ down.
1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way 2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone 3. A. slowly B, more slowly C, fast D, faster 4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned
六、词组与翻译
★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met in Japan and agreed to reduce ___1____ CD2 they put into the atmosphere. Ten years ____2____, in Nov. 2000, they met again in Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation and decided what to do next.
1, A. many B. a number of C. the amount of D. a good many 2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon
★……. But I was going along cheerfully, thinking about the dinner I would eat when I
___36___ to Salisbury.
36. A. reached B. arrived C. got D. led
七、比较四个答案,翻译文章
Projects (工程)____1___ this go over under the name of ― Carbon Trading‖. The basic ___2___ is that governments and companies can buy the _____3___ to pump CD2 into the air by investing ( 投资 ) in green _____4____ that6 takes it out again. 1. A. as B. like C. the same as D. except 2. A. fact B. meanings C. idea D. things 3. A. forests B. projects C. right D. debt 4, A, projects B. plants C. materials D. trees
八、前提示
★Young people are spending unbelievable sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _______ stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year. A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movie
★Neil Young who performs ____1___ torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000,each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. ____2____ paying expenses, Young leaves with about $18,000 in his blue ____3____ at the end of an evening. 1. A. in B. with C. for D. on 2. A. Before B. Beside C. After D. Except 3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. jeans
九、抓住主要信息词(本文的主体---核心) ,比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项. ―It doesn‘t _____1____,‖ said one of the older music millionaires, who made a million dollars a year when he was popular , in the 1950s. ―performers aren‘t worth this kind of money. In fact, ___2___is.‖
A. make efforts B. make progress C. make sense D. make money A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody
十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）
★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable . A. untouched B. worried C, moved D. excited ★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively 十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.
A. classroom B. means C. university D. hall A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences
He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didn‘t know _7_ to save himself
6. A. Still B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom 7. A. when B. where C. why D. how
第三讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略
那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维
山洞‖的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废；再往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗"之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个―窗口‖。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。
另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。
二、细读全文，透析文意
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致―定势思维‖错误。
事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与―语法结构‖错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：
1. 注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：
Eating spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien‘ s in Belleville (when) _37_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (served) _38_ spaghetti for supper.（2004全国卷I）
36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience 本题的信息提示出现在前面。做题的关键在于把握brought back与后面名词的搭配关系，即动词短语决定了名词的选择。bring back"把……带回来"，因此此处只能是"把过去的记忆带回来"，即"使人回忆起……"，因此答案只能是A。
With these words I began to (face) _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone
能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。
一、通览全文，抓准主旨
有的同学或是急于求成，总想"一步到位"，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或―见木不见林‖，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。
大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似―钻
十、形容词的选择（并列连词的作用）
★If we make a noise on the bus they look ______ and uncomfortable . A. untouched B. worried C, moved D. excited ★Hellen was an old teacher with a warm smile and _________eyes. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively 十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take every opportunity to push textbooks aside and expose students to real ___2__.
A. classroom B. means C. university D. hall A. facts B. lessons C. adventures D. experiences
He was sure that he was being followed. He tried to hide, _6_ the steps followed him. He didn‘t know _7_ to save himself
6. A. Still B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom 7. A. when B. where C. why D. how
第三讲
高考英语完形填空的解题策略
那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维
山洞‖的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废；再往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里往往会有"豁然开朗"之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个―窗口‖。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。
另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。
抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。
二、细读全文，透析文意
有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致―定势思维‖错误。
事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与―语法结构‖错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：
1. 注意上下文的内在联系
断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：
Eating spaghetti (意大利面条) caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien‘ s in Belleville (when) _37_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (served) _38_ spaghetti for supper.（2004全国卷I）
36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience 本题的信息提示出现在前面。做题的关键在于把握brought back与后面名词的搭配关系，即动词短语决定了名词的选择。bring back"把……带回来"，因此此处只能是"把过去的记忆带回来"，即"使人回忆起……"，因此答案只能是A。
With these words I began to (face) _36_ the problem, the problem of my telephone
能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应从以下三个方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题的过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤―浏览、细读和验证‖做到有机结合，明确每一步思维的主攻方向。
一、通览全文，抓准主旨
有的同学或是急于求成，总想"一步到位"，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或―见木不见林‖，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。
大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似―钻
addiction. I used to call people _37_ , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I (waited) _38_ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.（2004全国卷Ⅱ）
37. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 本题的信息提示出现在后面。空后的―从早晨醒来到上床睡觉‖说明前面的动作是―经常、不断的‖，因此答案只能是B。
2. 注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译
出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的"语感"，不要受母语的影响。
It started socially —a few calls each day. It seemed (fine) _39_ , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the (situation) _40_ got worse. Soon it was _41_ use, until, finally, addiction. （2004全国卷Ⅱ）
41. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 本题如果仅凭汉语思维"经常用"电话，很容易误选B, regular虽然也有"经常的"的意思，但侧重指"固定的，有规律的"，不是一个贬义词。因此此处表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前，打电话是一种"频繁的"行为，含有贬义，因此用"频繁的"，表示行为"过火"，答案为A。
3. 研读细节，准确认定语境
用学生平日常见的固定搭配来干扰学生对具体语境的认定，利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性。如：
I was phoning people and (leaving) _46_ messages to make sure _47_ calls would see me through the day. （2004全国卷Ⅱ）
47. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 本题仅看前面和后面介词短语的搭配，很容易误选A。但仔细推敲语境，此处并不表示电话的"长度"，而表示电话的"数量"，因此应选C。
4. 发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意
近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种"假象"，产生―轻敌‖心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要
挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到―表里一致‖。如：
_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open?hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_ , but what I was feeling was pure happiness. 52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C，此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是―有人‖发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。
5. 结合生活常识判断
At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one?on?one training, got angry when she didn‘t give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. （2004北京高考）
38. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 39. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure 40. A. free B. private C. good D. basic 41. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs 本文介绍作者（一个少年女子足球队员）踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到―平等的（38）‖踢球时间；然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢？结合生活常识判断，应是有了"压力（39）"。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢？根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到―开小灶‖的机会，因此40应选B, private―私人的‖。41，父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的―比赛‖中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。
三、全面验证，理清逻辑
NMET完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是自然有序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，大家对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等心里也应该有一种很"明朗"的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如"雾里看花"，那就证明你对文章的把握还有问题，还要复读全文，验证答案。大家可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，回味一下，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。有的同学做完完形填空以后，不加核查便草草"收场"，结果让很明显的错误从眼前跳过，造成考(论坛)场上不应有的"遗憾"。
第四讲
分析北京高考题：
方法与演练（一） (give)，意识到(realize)，而是回答(answer)你询问的问题。 2 A 常识运用 逻辑推理 词义比较
先看语境：前一句的意思是―但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?(意思是：这是男孩子的事情。)‖；后一句的意思是―大多数人当然不……‖，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人(不太多)对此问题(前一句)不理解(understand)，不相信(believe)，不能作出回答(reply)，而纳闷、惊奇(wonder)，持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。 3 D 固定搭配
fall／be in love with…爱上……，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。 4 A 常识运用
因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪(wave)去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨 (storm)、航海(sail)或船(boat)。 5 C 固定搭配 词义比较
作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较(compare)。connect with连接, 联络，将...连起来；compare with与…比较；tie up with和…联系一起；bring带来，引起，通常不与with连用。
6 D 逻辑推理 常识运用
作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活(life)的组成部分，她不仅仅只是在假期(holiday)里冲浪，当然工作(work)和学习(study)也不能耽误。in my life是―在我的生活中‖。 7 A 常识运用 词义比较
冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧(mind)和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。 8 C 常识运用 逻辑推理
在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线(along)，上面(above)，旁边(by)，而是身体的四周(around)都是凉爽的咸水。 9 B 常识运用 逻辑推理
冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩(beach)，有可能是在湖(lake)里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板(board)在水(water)面上进行。 10 D 常识运用 逻辑推理
冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋(ocean)融为一体的感觉。
文章的题目Surfing：It's Not Just for Boys Any more明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。
Surfing: It‘s Not Just for Boys Anymore
If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would __1__: surfing (冲浪运动). But isn‘t that a boy thing? Some people __2__. Most certainly not.
I started surfing about five years ago and__3__in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first __4__ was the best feeling I had ever experienced.
When I try to __5__ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my __6__, there‘s nothing like it. It involves (牵涉到) body, __7__, and soul. There‘s sand between my toes and cool, salt water all __8__ us. The feeling I get when I‘m surfing across that __9__, becoming one with the__10__, is like I‘m weightless. 1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize 2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe 3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell 4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat 5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie 6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life 7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time 8. A. along B. above C. around D. by 9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake 10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean 答案 1 B 前后照应 逻辑推理 词义比较
如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉(tell)，给予
The one thing I can __11__ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge(挑战). You can never be the ―best suffer‖ because the ocean __12__ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的) and __13__. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it __14__ from any other sport. I‘ve __15__ to tell every girl I know to do something that people don‘t think girls can do. It‘s part of being human to advance to new __16__, so shouldn‘t it be expected that girls should step up and start __17__ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?
There‘re women __18__ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys __19__ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to __20__, and they will.
11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep 12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects 13. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm 14. A. known B. right C. far D. different 15. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised 16. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts 17. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting 18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working 19. A. of B. from C. on D. with 20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 答案 11 B
作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得(get)了无止境的挑战的体会‖。再则，前文The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that water，becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。take from减少, 降低；get from从……得到；make from由...制造； keep from阻止, 隐瞒, 抑制。 12 C
你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、提供(offer)的是任何人都控制不了
的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch抓住，捕获；include包括，包含；offer提供；collect收集，聚集。 13 A
有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing之间词义的顺承和协调―自由而流畅‖，后句的aggressive and__13__也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A，sharp可以表示―精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为‖的意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。 14 D
所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于(different)其他运动。注意此段第一句The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。(be) different from和……不同。(be)far from远离, 远非；known和right通常不与from搭配。 15 B
我尽力(try)地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose选择、挑选；try试图、努力；learn学习；promise答应、许诺。 16 A
朝着新的水平(level)不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level水平，水准, 标准, 级别；point 点, 尖端；step步调, 步伐, 步骤, 措施；part 部分, 局部。 17 C
所以女孩子们难道不应当应拾级而上，开始冲破(push)男人过去主宰的事物极限吗？reach到达，伸出；accept 接受, 认可；push突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。 18 D
在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐(sit)，步行(walk)，战斗(fight)，而且并肩工作(work)着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。 19 C
所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on表示―在……供职‖、―(是)…的成员‖，on the football team的意思是―是/成为足球队队员‖。 20 B
给女孩子一个获得成功(succeed)的机会，让她们思考(think) ，感觉(feel)表演(perform)，
她们就都会有所成就。
1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success 2. A. far B. long C. way D. direction 3. A. got B, found C. taught D. practiced 4. A. self—educated B. self –service C. first ---hand D. up –to ---date KEY：BACC
3、抓住中心意思-----围绕什么话题 (在文章中出现频率最多的词)
Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall ( 演讲厅 ) but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ___1___, many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class. The professor begins by selecting one ___2___ of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will open up for class ___3___. Everyone is encouraged to give ____4___ on he work. Not every piece we study is ___5___ famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations(评论). 1. A. subjects B. paintings C. speeches D. lectures 2. A. book B. passage C. text D. work 3. A. discussion B. activity C. argument D. consideration 4. A. questions B. ideas C. comments D. thoughts 5. A. necessarily B. rather C. nearly D. too
第五讲
分析卷高考题(04广西)：
Jim Shelley是一个有瘾的人。他打电话有瘾，且不能自拔。真是大千世界，无奇不有。 ―My name‘s Jim Shelley and I‘m an addict(有瘾的人)…‖
With these words I began to __1__ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people __2__, from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I __3__ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.
It started socially — a few calls each day. It seemed __4__, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the __5__ got worse. Soon it was __6__ use, until, finally, addiction.
And it began to affect(影响) my __7__. During the day I would disappear for __8__ call. If I
方法指导与演练 1、逻辑推理.
A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology ( 心理学 ) course spends every Saturday working with mentally ( 智力上 )_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable ( 有价值的 ). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations ( 观察 ).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited 47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments 48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying 49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note KEY：CBDC
Students generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these special _____50_____ opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months. 50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover KEY：DB
The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates. A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water KEY：A
2、关连词的重要性(特别是转折、并列….. )
No one denies (否认) the ____1____ of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this ____2_____. Slices (幻灯片 ) and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details(细节) , but creativity ( 创造力 ) of thought cannot be ____3____. They can only be developed through _____4____ experience.
方法与演练（二）
couldn‘t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more __9__, in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, __10__ myself just one more call.
1. A. face B. find C. accept D. notice
2. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 3. A. tried B. asked C. waited D. invited 4. A. polite B. important C. fine D. special 5. A. condition B. situation C. result D. effect 6. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 7. A. friends B. study C. family D. work 8. A. a quick B. a secret C. an expected D. an extra 9. A. hopeful B. delighted C. frightened D. anxious 10.A. forcing B. telling C. giving D. limiting 答案 1 A
说完这些话，作者就开始面对/承认(face)了问题。face面对，面临, 承认；find找到, 发现, 感到；accept接受, 认可，承认；notice注意到。 2 B
作者过去从醒来到睡觉总是不停(all the time)地给人家打电话。now and then偶尔，有时；at home在家；at work在工作中；all the time始终。 3 C
我等候着(wait)，而不是要(ask)，试着(try)，邀请(invite)人家打电话过来，又想打电话出去，又多打一个电话出去 4 C
开始是为了社交，每天几个电话，仅仅快速的聊聊天，似乎没什么事(fine)，而没有什么特别(special)，客气(polite)，重要(important)的地方。注意与后句的though和got worse联系起来理解。 5 B
可后来，慢慢地，情况(situation)却越来越遭。condition 条件，环境；situation情形, 境遇；result结果, 成效；effect作用, 影响。
6 A
不久，就总是不停，频繁(frequent)地打电话来了，最后竟然上瘾了. frequent时常发生的, 频繁的，通常强调动作的多次反复出现；B. regular有规则的，经常的，强调动作有规律的经常出现；unusual不平常的，不寻常的，强调非常的情况；particular特别的, 独特的，强调个性特征。 7 D
这不仅仅影响朋友(friends)，家人(family)，学习(study)，还影响了我的工作(work)。后文谈论的是作者的工作情况。 8 A
大白天，不是为了一个秘密的(secret)，预料到了的(expected)，额外的(extra)电话，而是为了一个急迫的(quick)电话作者会突然出去。 9 D
没有电话打时，就等候人家打电话来，等得作者不是充满希望(hopeful)，欣喜快乐(delighted)，而是越来越迫切、焦虑不安(anxious)，但不至于担惊受怕(frightened)。 10 B
作者就会跟这个人打，跟那个人打，心里总是告诫(tell)就再打一个，而不是强迫(force)，给予(give)和限制(limit)自己。这句话是对作者的当时的心情的描述。
I was phoning people and __11__ messages to make sure __12__ calls would see me
through the day. I used to arrive at friends‘ homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the __13__ ―Is it OK if I just use the phone…?‖ At work, I became __14__ when my fellow workers tried to __15__ me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss (with the phone). Finally, the police caught me __16__ a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was __17__ to see a psychiatrist (心理医生).
I haven‘t __18__ a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it‘s several days __19__ I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are __20__ people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict. 11. A. leaving B. taking C. passing D. recording 12. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 13. A. saying B. demands C. wish D. words 14. A. careful B. mad C. determined D. helpless
15. A. save B. reduce C. protect D. stop 16. A. destroying B. using C. stealing D. emptying 17. A. offered B. guided C. ordered D. reminded 18. A. missed B. had C. received D. fixed 19. A. as B. when C. if D. since 20. A. always B. just C. more D. different
1-5ABCCB 6-10ADADB 11-15ACDBD 16-20ACBDA 答案 11 A
作者总是给人家打电话，并留下(leave)讯息，而不是接受(take)，传递(pass)，记录(record)讯息。take /pass/record /leave messages接受/传递记录/留下讯息。 12 C
作者不管这电话是长时间的(long)，还是紧接着来的(immediate)，还是令人吃惊的(surprising)电话，而是要确保明天我能有足够多(enough)的电话来度过这一天。 13 D
作者就会直接走到电话机前说―我可以用这电话吗？‖这些话(words)来表达要求(demands)或希望(wish)。saying谚语，警句，指人们经常重复耳熟能详的语句；demands要求，需要；wish希望，请求；words话语。 14 B
上班工作的时候，同伴阻止作者去打电话，作者就会感到无助(helpless)而情绪败坏狂怒发疯(mad)，而不会小心从事(careful)，意志坚定(determined)点而不去打电话。 15 D
同伴们会阻止(stop)作者去打电话。save sb. from救助/拯救某人脱离；protect sb. from保护某人免遭；stop sb. From阻止某人，使某人不做某事。reduce 通常不与表示―避免‖意义的from搭配。 16 A
作者花掉了最后一英镑，没有了钱，他没法再使用(use)，也偷(steal)不着钱，倒不空(empty)电话亭，便气急败坏地毁坏(destroy)电话亭，结果给警察逮个正着。 17 C
作者被命令/安排(order)去看心理医生。Offer(主动提供)，guide(指导，引导)，remind(提醒)的用词都太客气委婉，order通常指上级对下属等强硬的―指使，命令，安排‖，意义较为强烈，其语气更符合文意。 18 B
三天里作者包括接(receive)和打，没有(have)一个电话，也就无从错过(miss)一个电话，更无法安装(fix)电话机了。 19 D
自作者使用电话亭以来，已经好几天了=作者好几天没有使用过电话亭了。since表示―自……以来‖的意思。 20 A
作者努力不去看电视，不是因为电视上有各类不同(different)或更多的(more)人，也不是有人正好在打电话，而是因为屏幕上总是、时常(always)出现人们打电话的镜头。 理论完形填空
我们让同学们了解了高考题的特点和基本方法后，应该循序渐进的进行―完形填空方法‖的单句或某一段的挖空训练：
一定要帮助同学们过语言推理这一关，同时注意语气副词在高考中的位置，几乎每年都考，以下是几个巩固训练题。 (一) 完形填空中的语气副词的情景设置
①….I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwards with an angry cry. Father took the _______ smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla. A. still B. yet C. even D. already
②He certainly looked the part all right, he thought as he admired himself in the mirror. He _______ thought of going out into the street to see whether he could pass as a policeman out there…..
A. just B, even C. still D. already
③The shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can ________ damage a perfect diamond.
A. almost B. even C. just D. ever
④….At times, he would turn, sit down, and _______ go on his knees. A. almost B. even C. often D. rather
⑤….After a hard day in the laboratory, she goes home. There she pays with her toys. She
______ enjoys watching television before going to bed. A. quite B. already C. even D. still
⑥……..Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay‘s words, they ______ seem tome the best yardstick, because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than other. A. even B. still C. always D. almost
⑦…….First of all he was a window –cleaner and in his first week he managed to break at least six windows. He ______ lost his job as a postman because he sent off all the letters when he should have taken them to people‘s houses….. A. thus B. even C. once D. only
⑧…….Finally I turned the key in the lock and pushed the door open, with Dad _______complaining about a hurting knee or something…. A. yet B. only C. even D. still
⑨The native people said they knew of this animal and called it the ― Yeti‖ , and they said that they had _____ caught Yeti on two occasions (场面 )though none has ever been produced as evidence (证据 )
A. even B. hardly C. certainly D. probably 逻辑推理.
★A friend of mine taking an advanced psychology (心理学) course spends every Saturday working with mentally (智力上)_____46_____ children, which , though a little tiring, she found valuable (有价值的). Her ____47____ are spent playing with the kids and ____48_____ their sometimes uncontrolled (失控的) behavior. Then in he afternoon she writes a _____49____ on her observations (观察).
46. A. harmed B. hurt C. disabled D. excited
47. A. holidays B. mornings C. weekends D. experiments 48. A. helping B. preventing C. enjoying D. studying 49. A. story B. diary C. report D. note
★Students generally appreciate (认可) these special _____50_____ opportunities (机会) . They are almost always fun and interesting, and professors ______51_____ them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living C. teaching D. learning 51. A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover
★The ________ of the earth is made of a number of different plates. A. outside B. inside C. surface D. water
第六讲 方法与演练（三）
2010年广东卷 复习：第二节 1. 猜测词意：
come across __________ present the water to the old man _______________ take a deep drink __________ with a happy heart ______________ spit out ____________ 2. 翻译语句：
A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _________________________________________________________________________
3. present 的用法
_________________________________________________________________________
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） Every country has its own culture. 改错题：将短文中的错误改正。
Every country has itself culture. Because each country uses doors, doors may have practical functions and purposes which lead to practical difference.
When I fist came America, I noticed that a public building had two different sign and they had distinction functions. You have to push the door with the word ―PUSH‖ to go into the building and to pull the door with the word ―PULL‖ to enter the building. This is new to me, because we use the same door in South Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassing.
The way of using school bus doors was also strange to us. I used to taking the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, parents who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get off faster. In South Korean, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning I hurried to the bus, and when the bus doors opened, I slowly tried to get on the
school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me. I was totally unsatisfied, and my face went red.
选择填空以复查。
Even though each country uses doors. .Doors many have__21___functions and purposes which lead to ___22__differences.
When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different__23___ and they had distinct functions. You have to push the door with the word ―PUSH‖ to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word ―PULL‖ to_24_____the building. This was new to me, because we use the ____25__door in south Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.
The way of using school bus doors was also ____26__to me .I used to take the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27_____who were getting off the bus should get off first , and students who were getting on should get on __28__. In south Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the bus ,and when the bus doors opened, I___29____tried to get on the school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally__30____,and my face went red.
* 原文选项：
21. A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual 22. 23. 25.
A.national
B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing
A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors A.main B.same C.front D.back
解题方法和步骤
第七讲 方法与演练（四）
1.通读全文,了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索答。 尽管完形填空给学生提供的是一篇残缺不全的文章，但作答前花上两、三分钟，忽略残缺部分，对整个篇章作出判断，是完全必要,也是很值得的。只有这样,才能掌握文章大意, 找到文章基调，弄清作者思路,情节发展过程,建立起必要的背景知识,也才有保证抓住中心议题,做到心中有底,其后才能不断根据文中提供的信息,将被删除的细节补全,使文章的情节得到正常发展，最后获得完整语篇。
在通读时,文章的第一句是很重要的,它常为全文提供大意,主题,体裁,人物,时间,地点,气氛等多方面信息,有了这些信息,再往下读,就是跳过一些空格,也不会太紧张。在通读文章之后，要充分利用文章本身提供的信息（也就是我们常说的语境），找出正确答案。对文章领会越深刻，越能体会到上下文之间的关系，答案才能找得越准确。在读其他句子时,也不要忽视小词,有些信息往往来自于这些小词,它们的色彩能决定我们的选择。下面以2000年高考完形填空为例，进行分析。
I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and at the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcases 3 down the stairs. ―Damn!‖ he screamed, his face turning red. I knew 4 was ahead. Whenever Dad‘s face turns red, 5 !
How could I ever 6 him to finish unloading the car 7 screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, girls I would have to spend the 8 of the year with? Doors were opening and faces peering out (探出), as Dad walked 9 close behind. I felt it in my bones that my college life was getting off to a(n) 10 start.
― 11 the room quickly,‖ I thought. ―Get him into a chair and calmed down.‖ But 12 , would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be a(n) 13 room?
14 I turned the key in the lock and 15 the door open, with Dad 16 complaining(抱怨) about a hurting knee or something. I put my head in, expecting the 17 . But to my 18 , the room wasn‘t empty at all! It had furniture, curtain, a TV, and even paintings on the walls. And there on a well-made bed sat Amy, my new 19 , dressed neatly. Greeting me with a nod, she said in a soft voice, ―Hi, you must be Cori.‖ Then, she 20 the music and looked over at 21 . ―And of course, you‘re Mr. Faber,‖ she said, 21 . ―Would you like a glass of iced tea?‖ Dad‘s face turned decidedly 23 before he could bring out a ―yes.‖
24. A.enter B.leave C.open D.close 26. A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange 27. A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers 28. A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier 29. A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly 30. A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited
I knew 24 that Amy and I would be 25 and my first year of college would be a success.
1.A.helpless B.lazy C.anxious D.tired 2.A.took B.minded C.missed D.picked 3.A.rolling B.passing C.dropping D.turning 4.A.suffering B.difficulty C.trouble D.danger 5.A.go ahead B.look out C.hold on D.give up 6.A.lead B.help C.encourage D.get 7.A.after B.without C.while D.besides 8.A.best B.beginning C.end D.rest
9.A.with difficulty B.in a hurry C.with firm steps D.in wonder 10.A.fresh B.late C.bad D.unfair 11.A.Search B.Find C.Enter D.Book
12.A.in fact B.by chance C.once more D.then again 13.A.small B.empty C.new D.neat
14.A.Finally B.Meanwhile C.Sooner or later D.At the moment 15.A.knocked B.forced C.pushed D.tried 16.A.yet B.only C.even D.still 17.A.worst B.chair C.best D.tea
18.A.regret B.disappointment C.surprise D.knowledge 19.A.roommate B.classmate C.neighbour D.companion 20.A.turned on B.turned down C.played D.enjoyed 21.A.Dad B.me C.the door D.the floor
22.A.questioning B.wondering C.smiling D.guessing 23.A.red B.less pale C.less red D.pale 24.A.soon B.there C.later D.then
25.A.sisters B.friends C.students D.fellows
Key: 1-5 DCACB 6-10 DBDAC 11-15 BDBAC 16-20 DACAB 21-25 ACCDB 2.明确词意,词型,词的搭配,并按上下文需要作答。
做完形填空中遇到的一个最大的问题就是拿不准该选哪个词,有时就是在语境清楚
明确的情况下,也不容易选出正确答案,这就需要我们掌握词意的细微区别,词意程度的深浅,所表示范围的大小,或感情色彩的不同等词意方面的知识;掌握词型知识,如动词的不同动词型,或其他词类的词型等;及词的搭配,如动词与名词的固定搭配,动词与介词的搭配,名词与介词的搭配,形容词与介词的搭配等等。同时上下文是一环套一环的, 不同的词汇说明事物发展的不同程度,不同场合;人物的不同动作,不同心理;结果的不同方面,不同色彩等等。只有把对上下文语境的明了及对词的用法的清楚结合起来作答,完形填空的正确性才能有充分的证。
根据历年高考完形填空试题中所考的各种词类的比例来看,动词,名词所占的比例最大，其次是形容词,副词,连词,介词,代词等。所以在词的学习方面,我们应该对动词,名词给予特别的留心与关照。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bell. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议) against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
―They not only make it 4 to sleep at night, but they are 5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 ,‖ said John Norris, one of the protesters.
― 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,‖ said Jean Lacey, a biology student, ―why don‘t they build a new road that goes 8 the town? Burlington isn‘t much more than a 9 village. Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic.‖
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 . ―Most of them don‘t 15 here anyway,‖ he said, ―they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof(隔音), 16 they probably don‘t 17 the noise all that much. It‘s high time they realized the 18 .‖
The fourth student, Liza Vernum, said she thought the public were 19 on their side, and even if they weren‘t they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
―Not really,‖ she said, ―actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practising.‖ I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1.A. college B. village C. town D. church
2.A. change B. repair C. ring D. shake
3.A. now and then B. day and night C. up and down D. over and over 4.A. terrible B. difficult C. uncomfortable D. unpleasant 5.A. doing B. raising C. putting D. producing 6.A. scene B. period C. interest D. sense 7.A. If B. Although C. When D. Unless 8.A. to B. through C. over D. round 9.A. pretty B. quiet C. large D. modern 10.A. tested B. meant C. kept D. used 11.A. well B. hard C. biology D. education 12.A. effort B. time C. trouble D. noise
13.A. townspeople B. other students C. government officials D. truck drivers 14.A. stand B. accept C. know D. share 15.A. shop B. live C. come D. study 16.A. but B. so C. or D. for
17.A. notice B. mention C. fear D. control 18.A. event B. loss C. action D. problem 19.A. hardly B. unwillingly C. mostly D. usually 20.A. I B. We C. She D. They
21.A. surprised B. afraid C. pleased D. determined 22.A. seize B. fight C. search D. stop
23.A. proper B. experienced C. hopeful D. serious 24.A. point B. cause C. need D. law 25.A. left B. found C. reached D. passed
Key: 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 CDCAB 16-20 BADCA 21-25 BDADA
3.根据语法知识,典型句型及句型之间的关系来作答。
高考完形填空中根据语法知识设的空并不多, 但掌握一定的语法知识，根据上下文学会分析句子类型、或句子与句子之间的逻辑关系，也是非常有用的。我们要看清句子是时间状语从句,定语从句还是并列句等等,另外我们还需要进行分析，看句与句之间
是原因与结果的关系,还是现象与结论的关系,或是前后顺序关系,或是后对前的进一步解释关系,还是并列的,同位的,对比的,选择的,转折的关系等等。 下面例题节自92年高考完形填空试题。
The lecture on smoking was over at last. As we boys were rushing towards the playground, Jim slipped by the table. The watch, which Mrs. Smith had 1 on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.
We were 2 to go back for class again when the headmaster called us 3 and said, "I've got a little 4 for you boys. Mrs. Smith has just lost her watch on the playground. This kind of thing has happened 5 , she says----it just
6 off her wrist(手腕). So, look around for it, will you? 7 if you're clever enough to find it. Let's 8 it clear the boy who does 9 will get a useful reward."
1.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid 2.A.about B.able C.sorry D.sure 3.A.forward B.together C.straight D.out 4.A.fun B.trick C.job D.prize 5.A.before B.now C.here D.there 6.A.goes B.throws C.slips D.falls 7.A.Say B.See C.Guess D.Check 8.A.get B.put C.make D.keep 9.A.this B.such C.that D.so
Key:1-5 DABCA 6-9 CBCD
要提高做完形填空的正确率、尽量减少错误选择，也是要有较高的阅读能力作基础的。因此，平时扩大阅读量、扩大知识面，十分必要。学习英语要靠积累，课堂上要积累，课外更要积累。高考是选拔人才的考试，谁知识面广，谁积累得多，谁在能力上就更胜一筹。
- 15 - 11/8/2012
第八讲
强化训练 (一)
2009北京卷
The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to ___31___ the seats, settled in one of them.
It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of ___32___. Susan's husband Mark watched her ___33___ into hopelessness and he was ___34___ to use every possible means to help his wife.
Finally, Susan felt ready to ___35___ to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too ___36___ to get around the city by herself. Mark ___37___ to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening ___38___ she could manage it by herself. For two weeks, Mark ___39___ Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other ___40___, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new___41___. At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip ___42___. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband ___43___, her eyes filled with tears of gratitude (感激). She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their ___44___ ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement ___45___ Susan. She was doing it!
On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work ___46___. As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, "Miss, I sure ___47___ you. " Curious, Susan asked the driver ___48___.
- 16 - "You know, every morning for the ___49___ week, a fine-looking gentleman a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely, "the bus driver said.
Tears of happiness poured down Susan's cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than ___50___. That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness. 31.A.touch B.grab C.count D.feel
32.A.weakness B.sickness C.darkness D.sadness 33.A.run B.sink C.jump D.step
34.A.inspired B.determined C.honored D.pleased. 35.A.return B.adjust C.contribute D.stick
36.A.tired B.astonished C.depressed D.frightened 37.A.volunteered B.attempted C.continued D.straggled 38.A.when B.as C.until D.after
39.A.drove B.directed C.accompanied D.sent 40.A.feelings B.organs C.skills D.senses 41.A.position B.environment C.status D.role
42.A.on her own B.in person C.to her benefit D.on foot 43.A.politely B.calmly C.briefly D.tightly 44.A.opposite B.separate C.fixed D.lonely
45.A.took charge of B.took place of C.took advantage of D.took hold 46.A.as usual B.as a role C.as well D.as a consequence 47.A.respect B.envy C.know D.support 48.A.what B.how C.why D.who 49.A.past B.same C.first D.next 50.A.courage B.will C.sight D.wisdom 11/8/2012
第九讲 强化训练（二）
26. A. before B. since C. while D. as
27. A. wondering B. forgetting C. remembering D. regretting
2012年高考英语陕西卷
28. A. preferred B. expected C. failed D. decided
One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __26__ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and __27__ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She__28__ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __29__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __30__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __31__. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __32__.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy __33__ that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. He jumped __34__ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere.
37. A. calmly B. loudly C. merrily D. gently
However, from the ground came a __35__ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He __36__ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking __37__ into the air, the dog __38__ through the woods until he found the __39__ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __40__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He __41__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __42__. When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 44 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 45 . That night Laddy had a heror’s supper: a huge meal of steak
38. A. searched B. wandered C. looked D. travelled 39. A.window B. girl C. house D. hero
40. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. embarrassment D. delight 41. A. jumped B. climbed C. walked D. flew 42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep 43. A. spotted B. watched C. observed D. saw 33. A. found B. sensed C. heard D. smelt 34. A. at B. through C. in D. onto
35. A. terrible B. strange C. pleasant D. familiar 36. A. missed B. discovered C. followed D. ignored 29. A. When B. Until C. If D. Because
30. A. carelessly B. cautiously C. hopelessly D. unwillingly 31. A. trees B. bushes C. woods D. grasses 32. A. stream B. rock C. tree D. house
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44. A. disturbed B. comforted C. rescued D. scared 45. A. pain B. shock C. sorrow D. relief
第十讲
2010浙江卷
I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be ___21___ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd ___22___?" Just when I started to ___23___ that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women ___24___ at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of ___25___ that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn't ___26___. Somebody had thought ___27___ of me to bring me a gift.
Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my ___28___ Christmas there special and memorable, I ___29___ remembered the women's visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of ___30___ for as many children as I could possibly reach.
So I ___31___ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, ___32___ with a child's name. We wanted all of them to know they were ___33___. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I ___34___ them that they couldn't open their presents ___35___ child had come forward. Finally the ___36___ they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As
强化训练（三）
the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles ___37___ up the room. The ___38___ in the room was obvious, and ___39___ wasn't just about toys. It was a feeling—the feeling I knew ___40___ that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn't forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter. 21.A.sending B.receiving C.making D.exchanging 22.A.found B.prepared C.got D.expected 23.A.doubt B.hope C.suggest D.accept
24.A.broke in B.settled down C.turned up D.showed off 25.A.relief B.loss C.achievement D.justice 26.A.blamed B.loved C.forgotten D.affected 27.A.highly B.little C.poorly D.enough 28.A.present B.first C.recent D.previous
29.A.hardly B.instantly C.regularly D.occasionally 30.A.strength B.independence C.importance D.safety
31.A.kept up with B.caught up with C.came up with D.put up with 32.A.none B.few C.some D.each 33.A.fine B.special C.helpful D.normal
34.A.reminded B.guaranteed C.convinced D.promised 35.A.after B.until C.when D.since 36.A.chance B.gift C.moment D.reward 37.A.lit B.took C.burned D.cheered
38.A.atmosphere B.sympathy C.calmness D.joy 39.A.it B.such C.something D.everybody 40.A.by B.till C.for D.from
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结束语
【英语多棱镜】
Do you talk to people just to pass the time?
If we are being polite with people there are only a few things we can choose to say. However, conversations which pass the time can be a little bit more varied. We have ‗pass-time‘ conversations at parties or before meetings or when we are delayed in a train. Someone will choose a subject and comment on it in a general kind of way. And then someone else will add a comment. In a ‗pass-time‘ conversation people don‘t show their individuality very much. Usually people agree with each other or only disagree in unimportant ways. And they don‘t try to start a serious discussion or argument which they care about.
‗Pass-time‘ conversations are very important if you are travelling and visiting people‘s homes. ‗Pass-time‘ conversations help you to get to know the other person a little bit. Then you can decide whether you want to get to know them better and to share more useful and interesting conversations. Here is a typical British ‗pass-time‘ conversation. You can practise it!
The other person: It really has been awful weather in the last few days, hasn‘t it? You: Absolutely terrible! We haven‘t really had a summer at all! / I suppose it‘s all right for the gardens./ It‘s just the time of year I suppose./ (and for the humourist) It‘s all right for ducks!
If you want to disagree, do so gently and in such a way that you don‘t upset them! You: To tell you the truth I‘m quite happy about the rain! I‘ve just planted some seeds in the garden and it‘s just what they need. (If you just made the statement, ‗I‘m quite happy about the rain!‘ and gave no explanation, particularly if you didn‘t smile, the other person would be offended!)
People sometimes talk about serious subjects in ‗pass-time‘ conversations. And yet they don‘t really say anything which might be too original or disturbing.
My dear, keep smiling and be happy in talking in English!
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