读写任务之说明文概括

阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。

Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, don’t sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals（间隔） so that relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes.

Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses; Stay away form smoking. Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的).

Last but not the least, take regular medical examines to the check out potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化). Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations(刺激性) and ensure longevity at ease.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 技巧点拨：

课堂练习：

一．说明文的概括参考模板：

模板1. “对象+性质功用+利好”：描写事物的性质功用

模板2. “问题+解决方法”：针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施

模板3. “现象+原因+结果”：介绍某现象及原因和结果

二．巩固练习

练习1 阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。

Imagine entering a very building and you have no idea how to get to the office you are looking for. But then, as you’It asks you where you want to go. You tell it, and then it simply says “follow me” like a child’s game, and begins to float off in the direction of you destination. It keeps going, as you follow, leading you to where you want to go.

The guide works it self, without any help form any human being. It says hello to people as they arrive in the building, speaks to them, processes their requests and then The balloon has two tiny fans to help keep it floating and to provide just a touch of lift. Onboard is a wireless receiver for receiving directions form a computer that directs the fans and sensors that let it know where objects are around it.

The idea of such a simple robot is one that has been on the minds of scientists for years, and has been mentioned in novels many times. Today the iPhone does something similar but has to be

One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have

to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?

Listen---- Listen when they are talking. Don’t say anything unless they ask you a question.

Sometimes it’s not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.

Help them----- If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don’t do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one.

Be there for them---- Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in

hard times. Making card and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Always remember this! If you don’t want to stay with your friends when they are in hard time, then you don’t deserve to be with them when they are having a good time!

Try to make plans with your friends----- Go shopping, go for ice cream and so on. Take time to

know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you’ll remember these things when you’re all old!

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 练习3 阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。

People are surrounded by the advertisements(ads) all the time. We can see advertisements

here and there. TV, radios, lifts, buses, newspaper, magazines, even the cars carry the information of the products or services to a wide audience. No wonder, newspapers are becoming heavier and heavier. Advertisements are delivered into your hands, your shopping bags, your mailbox, your house, etc. They are where you are.

The advertisements have brought great convenience to people. If someone wants the

information of a product, he doesn’t have to go in person to the shop. What he needs to do is to look at the ads which he can find everywhere. He can also compare the same some products of different brands so as to select the one he likes best.

Sometimes, however, some ads mislead the consumers, for they exaggerate(夸大) the benefits of their products. So far as the consumers are concerned, they had better have their own judgment and not be puzzled by ads so as not to fall victims to such ads.

Pets are popular. They`re good listeners, they encourage us to exercise, and they`re always on

our side when we argue with others. They can bring people comfort and pleasure.

But it is important to keep in mind that pets can carry disease that can make you sick. Washing your hands, including the fingernails often----especially after you touch, feed, or clean up a pet—is the best way to keep yourself healthy and prevent the spread of disease.

You also can protect your health by wearing gloves while cleaning animal cages or cat litter boxes.

Be sure to bring your pet to the hospital for examinations every two weeks or month and whenever your pet is sick or injured.

You can do a few other things to keep yourself and your pet healthy. Only give your pet food that has been planned ahead for them. It`s not a good idea to share your food with you pet. Give then clean, fresh water to drink all the time. It`s bad for your pet`s health to let pets drink from toilet.

Finally, some animals aren`t pets. Don`t take in a wild or abandoned animal as a pet because it may have diseases that could make you or your family sick. Instead, turn to an animal rescue group for help.

We`re surrounded by chemistry in everyday life, like when your science teacher does a big experience in class. Something as simple contains at least three chemicals, if not more, it is the mixture of them and its chemical reaction that keeps your teeth clean.

Chemistry not only helps us make products for use, but it also helps us understand the world around us. Chemistry helps us understand what the ozone layer is and how it protects us.

Chemistry also gives us sunscreen to protect us from the sun. Without chemistry, we wouldn`t have fireworks displays on important days.

Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a

chemistry change. Baking is a great example of chemistry. Too much or too little of any ingredient makes a difference to the result of baking, for example, the dough which won`t rise of the cake will be flat.

Chemistry isn`t something that just lives in a lab; it`s something that you meet hundreds of times every day. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the science behind some of the simplest-looking things.

The first lesson of the New Term, a TV programme about how to protect oneself in times of emergency, is meant to provide school students with knowledge on self-protection. It will help students in case of natural disasters such an earthquakes, fires, snowstorms or foods. Many examples show that enough knowledge about self-protection along with enough courage and willpower can help many survive.

The most recent example is from the earthquake in Sichuan Province in May of 2008. While thousands of school kids were killed by collapsed school buildings, all students from a middle school survived even without a single one being hurt. That`s because of their timely and orderly evacuations(撤离), which they had been drilled in every term.

It`s good to see this program the most important activity of a national campaign to make students be aware of personal safety. Chinese Education Ministry has called on all schools nationwide to give lessons one self-protection knowledge in times of emergency every term. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 议论文

American is the land of automobile. This country has only 6% of the world’s population but 46% of the world’s car. Right now, there are 97 million privately-owned cars consuming 75 billion gallons of gasoline and traveling an 1000 billion miles a year.

The figure also affirms something we know every time we refill our gasoline tank; the automobile is a very thirsty piece of technology. Of the total petroleum supply in the United States, 30 percent goes to quench that thirst. Every year for each passenger car, about 800 gallons of gasoline are consumed. Other aspects of our commitment to the automobile also bear mentioning here.

It takes a great deal of energy to manufacture one automobile about 150 million BTU’s of energy. This is equivalent to 1200 gallons of gasoline, enough to run a car for about 1600 miles. We expend energy in the process of shipping cars from factories to showrooms, displaying them for sale and making replacement parts for repairs. One out of six jobs in the nation is associated with the automobile business. About two gallons of gasoline are consumed in the process of making every ten gallons that are pumped into an automobile’s gas tank.

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一．重新组句。

1)Use words of similar meanings同义替换法

I didn’t catch any fish I didn’t catch any fish_________ I was not patient.

2)Adopt the opposite way when saying a sentence正话反说法

3)Change the part of speech词性转换法 _____________________ .

4)Change the structure of a sentence句式变化法

语态变换：Parents should give children more praise.→Children should ________ more praise. 简单句变复合句：

Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster.

Children should be encouraged more, _______ will help them learn faster..

5)Use the shortest possible transitions连词衔接法

注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but, and, so, while, however, then, yet, for, therefore, thus, including, instead of 等。如：We should encourage children. We should not scold them. We should encourage children__________ scolding them.