一、什么是语态？
语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。
二、被动语态结构
被动语态结构简单而言就是“be+动词过去分词”，即be+done
不同时态下的被动语态，只需要用“be done”结构代替原本时态中的实义动词即可，例如：
一般现在时：主动do/does；被动am/is/are done
一般过去时：主动did；被动was/were done
一般将来时：主动am/is/are going to或will do；被动am/is/are going to be done或will be done
现在进行时：主动am/is/are doing；被动am/is/are being done
现在完成时：主动have/has done；被动have/has been done
三、如何将主动语态变为被动语态
1.找到原主动句中的宾语，变为被动语态中的主语。例如：I found a book. 宾语a book在变为被动语态的时候要变成主语。
2.把动词变成被动语态(be done)，具体各种时态的可参考第二点中的内容，注意人称和数在变为被动的时候有可能发生变化，而时态保持不变。
3.原主动语态中的主语如果需要，变为宾格放在by后，如不需要可以省略
4.其他的定于、状语成分均不变
四、易错点
1.不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态（不及物动词后不能直接加宾语），常考的：die,disappear,end,fail,last,sit,stand,break out, belong to,come true,happen,take place等。
2.系动词主动表被动，例如The boy looks yound. 这个男孩看起来高，尽管是别人看他觉得高，但要用主动语态表示被动含义。
3.描述事物性质的动词，当主语为物，用主动语态表达被动含义，例如：The pen writes well. 这支笔好写，虽然是笔被人写，但“好写”是这支笔的性质，所以用主动表被动。
4.感官动词或使役动词等省略to的不定式，主动语态中不带to，变被动语态时必须还原to，例如：I often see the students play football. 改为被动：The students are often seen to play football.
5.双宾语结构中，如果是直接宾语（物）做被动语态主语，那么要将动词后的介词还原，例如：He showed me the picture.改为被动语态：The picture was shown to me by him.
6.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应看为整体，切记不要丢掉介词或副词，例如：We shouldn’t laugh at him.改为被动：He shouldn’t be laughed atby us.
被动语态专项练习
请写出被动语态的基本结构：________________________________
A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.
1．Football （play） all over the world。
2．Many trees （plant） in North China.
3．Rice （grow） in South China.
4．A camera （use） for taking photos
5．I often （ask）to do this work.
A.is grown B.grow C.grew D.are grown
( )5.These young trees must ______ after well.
A.look B.looks after C.be looked D.looked
( )6.My coat is made _____ cool（羊毛） and silk.
A.to B.for C.from D.of
( )7.Our teacher was seen ______ to the office a moment ago.
A.go B.to go C.going D.goes
( )8.The Oxford Castle _____ by Henry. It is in very good condition now.
A.built B.was built C.has been built D.is built
( )9.Ice can be _____ water.
A.turn into B.turn to C.turned into D.turned to
( )10.Keys are used for _____ doors.
A.lock B.locked C.locking D.locks
( )11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.
A.made of B.made from C.made into D.made in
( )12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.
A.sells well B.have sold out C.have been sold out D.are selling
( )13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.
A.has sent B.has been sent C.sent D.has sent for
( )14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.
A.will build B.is built C.will be built D.has built
( )15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.
A. writes B. is written C. was writen D. was written
( )16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring Festival
A.gives B.is given C.are given D.give
二、改写句子
1.They built a new school in the village last year.（改为被动语态）
A new school ___________ ___________ in the village last year.
2.In the old days people used teapots（茶壶） to make tea. （改为被动语态）
In the old days teapots ___________ ___________ to make tea.
3.This makes me feel thirsty.（改为被动语态）
I __________ __________ __________ feel thirsty by this.
4.Did you buy this bike from the shop ? （改为被动语态）
__________ __________ __________ __________ from the shop （by you）?
5.Only this year, millions of trees has been planted by the soldiers. （改为主动语态）
Only this year, The soldiers ___________ ___________ millions of trees..
6.We should speak to old men politely. （改为被动语态）
Old men should __________ __________ __________ politely.
7. My watch needs repairing.（同义句）
My watch needs ____________ _____________ ____________.
8. He’s often seen to dance in his room, ___________ ___________ ?(反意疑问句)
9. The photos were taken in Japan.
① (改为否定句)___________________________________________
②（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答）_____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ③（对划线提问）_____________________________________________________ 将下列句子变为被动语态
1.He plants flowers every year.
2.We speak Chinese.
3.I look after the old man.
4.Do you clean your room every day?
5.Tom doesn’t wash his shoes every week.
6.I wrote a letter yesterday.
7.Mary made 3 kites the other day.
8.Did they build this bridge last year?
9.They asked us to sing a song.
10.They didn’t water the flowers.
11.We must obey the school rules.
12.Should I open the door?
13.Wu must plant trees every year.
14.Tom shouldn’t drink cold water.
15.We can’t see stars in the day time.
16.Mary will sweep the floor.
17.Will Tom clean his room?
18.I won’t believe his story.
19.People won’t use paper money in 100 years.
20.Mary is going to wash the dishes.
21.Tom has cleaned his room.
22.They have planted a lot of trees since 1990.
23.Mary hasn’t cleaned her room.
24.Have you finished your homework?
25.How many books have you sold out so far?
26.We can take good care of your cat.
编辑整理 张德翔
一、什么是语态？
语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。
二、被动语态结构
被动语态结构简单而言就是“be+动词过去分词”，即be+done
不同时态下的被动语态，只需要用“be done”结构代替原本时态中的实义动词即可，例如：
一般现在时：主动do/does；被动am/is/are done
一般过去时：主动did；被动was/were done
一般将来时：主动am/is/are going to或will do；被动am/is/are going to be done或will be done
现在进行时：主动am/is/are doing；被动am/is/are being done
现在完成时：主动have/has done；被动have/has been done
三、如何将主动语态变为被动语态
1.找到原主动句中的宾语，变为被动语态中的主语。例如：I found a book. 宾语a book在变为被动语态的时候要变成主语。
2.把动词变成被动语态(be done)，具体各种时态的可参考第二点中的内容，注意人称和数在变为被动的时候有可能发生变化，而时态保持不变。
3.原主动语态中的主语如果需要，变为宾格放在by后，如不需要可以省略
4.其他的定于、状语成分均不变
四、易错点
1.不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态（不及物动词后不能直接加宾语），常考的：die,disappear,end,fail,last,sit,stand,break out, belong to,come true,happen,take place等。
2.系动词主动表被动，例如The boy looks yound. 这个男孩看起来高，尽管是别人看他觉得高，但要用主动语态表示被动含义。
3.描述事物性质的动词，当主语为物，用主动语态表达被动含义，例如：The pen writes well. 这支笔好写，虽然是笔被人写，但“好写”是这支笔的性质，所以用主动表被动。
4.感官动词或使役动词等省略to的不定式，主动语态中不带to，变被动语态时必须还原to，例如：I often see the students play football. 改为被动：The students are often seen to play football.
5.双宾语结构中，如果是直接宾语（物）做被动语态主语，那么要将动词后的介词还原，例如：He showed me the picture.改为被动语态：The picture was shown to me by him.
6.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应看为整体，切记不要丢掉介词或副词，例如：We shouldn’t laugh at him.改为被动：He shouldn’t be laughed atby us.
被动语态专项练习
请写出被动语态的基本结构：________________________________
A.一般现在时的被动语态结构： is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.
1．Football （play） all over the world。
2．Many trees （plant） in North China.
3．Rice （grow） in South China.
4．A camera （use） for taking photos
5．I often （ask）to do this work.
A.is grown B.grow C.grew D.are grown
( )5.These young trees must ______ after well.
A.look B.looks after C.be looked D.looked
( )6.My coat is made _____ cool（羊毛） and silk.
A.to B.for C.from D.of
( )7.Our teacher was seen ______ to the office a moment ago.
A.go B.to go C.going D.goes
( )8.The Oxford Castle _____ by Henry. It is in very good condition now.
A.built B.was built C.has been built D.is built
( )9.Ice can be _____ water.
A.turn into B.turn to C.turned into D.turned to
( )10.Keys are used for _____ doors.
A.lock B.locked C.locking D.locks
( )11.The greenhouse(温室) should be _____ glass.
A.made of B.made from C.made into D.made in
( )12.Sorry, all the vegetables ______. Please come tomorrow.
A.sells well B.have sold out C.have been sold out D.are selling
( )13.The man is badly hurt. He _____ to the hospital.
A.has sent B.has been sent C.sent D.has sent for
( )14.A big cinema ______ in our town next year.
A.will build B.is built C.will be built D.has built
( )15.This book _____ by a famous writer many years ago.
A. writes B. is written C. was writen D. was written
( )16.In China the money ______ to children for good luck by their parents or other senior in Spring Festival
A.gives B.is given C.are given D.give
二、改写句子
1.They built a new school in the village last year.（改为被动语态）
A new school ___________ ___________ in the village last year.
2.In the old days people used teapots（茶壶） to make tea. （改为被动语态）
In the old days teapots ___________ ___________ to make tea.
3.This makes me feel thirsty.（改为被动语态）
I __________ __________ __________ feel thirsty by this.
4.Did you buy this bike from the shop ? （改为被动语态）
__________ __________ __________ __________ from the shop （by you）?
5.Only this year, millions of trees has been planted by the soldiers. （改为主动语态）
Only this year, The soldiers ___________ ___________ millions of trees..
6.We should speak to old men politely. （改为被动语态）
Old men should __________ __________ __________ politely.
7. My watch needs repairing.（同义句）
My watch needs ____________ _____________ ____________.
8. He’s often seen to dance in his room, ___________ ___________ ?(反意疑问句)
9. The photos were taken in Japan.
① (改为否定句)___________________________________________
②（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答）_____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ③（对划线提问）_____________________________________________________ 将下列句子变为被动语态
1.He plants flowers every year.
2.We speak Chinese.
3.I look after the old man.
4.Do you clean your room every day?
5.Tom doesn’t wash his shoes every week.
6.I wrote a letter yesterday.
7.Mary made 3 kites the other day.
8.Did they build this bridge last year?
9.They asked us to sing a song.
10.They didn’t water the flowers.
11.We must obey the school rules.
12.Should I open the door?
13.Wu must plant trees every year.
14.Tom shouldn’t drink cold water.
15.We can’t see stars in the day time.
16.Mary will sweep the floor.
17.Will Tom clean his room?
18.I won’t believe his story.
19.People won’t use paper money in 100 years.
20.Mary is going to wash the dishes.
21.Tom has cleaned his room.
22.They have planted a lot of trees since 1990.
23.Mary hasn’t cleaned her room.
24.Have you finished your homework?
25.How many books have you sold out so far?
26.We can take good care of your cat.
编辑整理 张德翔