动词时态与语态
一、动词时态与语态的构成
时态一般现在时一般过去时一般
时一般将来时
时态的构成
主语+动词原形（-s/-es）主语+动词的过去式①主语+shall/will+动词原形②主语+begoing to+动词原形③主语+be+动词不定式④主语+beabout+动词不定式⑤主语+be+位移动词-ing
进现在进行时行
过去进行时
主语+am/is/are+现在分词主语+was/were+现在分词主语+shall/willbe+现在分词主语+have/has+过去分词主语+had+过去分词
主语+shall/willhave+过去分词主语+have/hasbeen+现在分词
主+have/hasbeen+过去分词主+hadbeen+过去分词主+am/is/arebeing+过去分词主+was/werebeing+过去分词主+shall/willbe+过去分词被动式的构成主+am/is/are+过去分词主+was/were+过去分词
时将来进行时完现在完成时成过去完成时时将来完成时完现在完成
进行时成进
过去完成行进行时时
过去将来时
主语+hadbeen+现在分词
主语+shall/would+动词原形
主+should/wouldbe+过去分词
二、注意事项或重点掌握知识点
○表达将来时的形式
1) 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，使用一般现在时替代将来时。如：I’’tell him when you ring again. 2) 在make sure, make certain, see (toit) 后的that 从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时替代将来时。如：you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’tknow the answer to last time.
○完成时是时态测试的重中之重，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语。
1) 当by/between/upto/till+过去时间、
since/bythe time/when+表示过去发生情况的从句，
1. We had just had our breakfast 2. at least 29motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced. 2) 当by +将来时间、
by the time/when+谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，
1. we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.
2. I hope her health will have improved greatly 3) 当by now 、since+过去时间或in/during/for/over/the
past/last+表示多少的词+years/days/weeks,etc, ，这
但在it is +具体时间+since/before这一句型中，表示
1. The changes that had taken place in air travel would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.
2. John left school.
4) 完成进行时指动作在完成时的基础上还要继续下
去。如：The company has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened.
5) 在It/This/That+be +the first (second,third, …)time
+that 结构中，that
如果be 为is ，that
be 为was ，
that 1. Mr. Smith has visited China.
2. Mr. Smith had visited China.
真题回顾(共15题)
2004年（2题）
18. Tom got very angry when he realized he A. was being made fun of C. had made fun of 26. In case he A. has come C. comes （答案：AC ）2005年（3题）
1. A new analysis indicates that the output of cotton
20%by now. A. will have gone up C. will go up 9. His wife as well as he
A. has been C. has
B. would go up D. has gone up
invited to the business party. B. have been D. are
by
.
B. is made fun of D. has been made fun of
, please tell me.
B. will come D. would come
19. “Yourdaughter has two children, doesn’tshe?”
“Yes.She A. married C. was married
in 1980.”
B. had married D. got married
（答案：DAD ）2006年（4题）
15. Some of the apples were rotten before reaching the market
and
away.
B. had to be thrown D. had to throw
in Europe for
A. could be thrown C. could throw
41. By the time you arrive in London, we
two weeks. A. shall stay C. have stayed
B. will have stayed D. have been staying
46. The children are required not to leave the building
unless A. being told C. be told
to do so.
B. they will be told D. told
50. He bought a new mobile phone last Sunday, because his old
one
.
B. had been stolen D. stolen
A. had stolen C. was stolen （答案：BBDB ）2008年（1题）1. John and I
friends for eight years. We first got to
each
know each other at a Christmas party. But we
other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have seen C. had been; had seen （答案：D ）2011年（2题）
20. By the end of this term, we A. finish C. will finish 21. This hall can
you like. A. hold; seat C. seat; be seated （答案：DC ）2012年（2题）27. Until then , his family A. didn’thear C. hasn’theard
40. ----Do you like the material?
----Yes, it A. is feeling C. feels （答案：DC ）
very soft.
B. felt D. is felt
from him for six months. B. hasn’tbeen hearing D. hadn’theard B. be seated; seated D. hold; seating the textbook. B. have finished D. will have finished
1000people. You can
where
B. have been; have seen D. have been; had seen
2013年（1题）3. We
building the bridge by the end of next month.
B. would finish D. will have finished
A. are finishing C. have finished （答案：D ）
动词时态和语态补充练习
1. The play
culture. A. produced
B. being produced
D. having been produced
on
next month aims mainly to reflect the local
C. to be produced
2. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit
his own farm. A. grown C. to be grown 3. The way the guests
evaluation of the service. A. treated C. would treat
B. were treated D. would be treated B. being grown D. to grow
in the hotel influenced their
4. All of them try to use the power of the workstation A. presenting C. being presented 5.
information in a more effective way.
B. presented D. to present
twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A. Being bitten C. Having been bitten
B. Bitten D. To be bitten
6. not to miss the flight at 2:00,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding C. To remind
B. Reminded D. Having reminded
7. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in
Qingdao, PLA Navy. A. marking C. having marketed 8. When he
A. would open C. had opened
B. marked D. being marked
the 60th anniversary of the founding of the
the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
B. opened D. was to open
in a small
9. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,
apartment near Boston and future.
A. living; wondering C. lived; wondered
what to do about his
B. lived; wondering D. living; wondered
10. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it
easier for it A. reusing C. reuses
11. Please do me a favor----.
B. reused D. to be reused
my friend Mr. Smith to
Youth Theatre at 7:30tonight. A. to invite C. invite 12.
B. inviting D. invited
the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars. A. Giving C. To give
B. Having given D. Given
parents to
13. The government plans to bring in new laws
take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced C. to be forced 14. The children all turned
entered the classroom. A. looked at C. to looking at
B. to look at D. look at B. forcing D. having forced
the famous actress as she
15. Now that we’vediscussed the problem, are people happy
with the decisions A. taking C. taken
16. We are invited to a party
A. to be held C. being held
?
B. take D. to take
in our club next Friday. B. held D. holding
17. I still remember
there. A. to take C. taking
to the Famen Temple and what I saw
B. to be taken D. being taken
18. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the
city, A. killed C. kills
all four people on board. B. killing D. to kill
by the earthquake
19. With the government’said, those
have moved to the new settlements. A. affect C. affected 20. Bill suggested
B. affecting D. were affected
a meeting on what to do for the
Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held C. holding
B. to hold D. hold
until the plane
21. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain
has come to a complete stop. A. seated C. to seat 22. David threatened
damages were not paid.
B. seating D. seat
his neighbor to the police if the
A. to be reported C. to report
23. He told us whether
discussion. A. to have C. have 24.
B. reporting D. having reported
a picnic was still under
B. having D. had
many times, he finally understood it. A. Told C. Having told
B. Telling
D. Having been told
25.
weekends.
the project in time, the staff were working at
A. Completing C. To have completed 26.
B. Having completed D. To complete
by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged C. Encouraged
B. Encouraging D. Having encouraged
27. and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to
reach the top of Mount Tai. A. Having tired C. Tiring
B. Tired D. Being tired
that music activities
28. There is a great deal of evidence
engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate C. to indicate
B. indicating D. to be indicating
with this
29. Michael’snew house is like a huge palace,
old one. A. comparing C. to compare
B. compares D. compared
30. With the world changing fast, we have something
new A. deal C. to deal
with all by ourselves every day.
B. dealt D. dealing
smoothly.
31. They use computers to keep the traffic A. being run C. to run
B. run D. running
32. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000college
graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, pressures. A. help C. to help
B. to have helped D. having helped
reduce unemployment
33. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school.
the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are
our alumni from home and abroad. A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending
D. Having attended
34. ----Why does the lake smell terrible?
----Because large quantities of water .
A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted
D. have been polluted
35. According to the literary review, Shakespeare
charities live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes (答案：CABDC
BADAD CDBBC ADBCC ACADD
CBBDC
DCCCD)
his
动词时态与语态
一、动词时态与语态的构成
时态一般现在时一般过去时一般
时一般将来时
时态的构成
主语+动词原形（-s/-es）主语+动词的过去式①主语+shall/will+动词原形②主语+begoing to+动词原形③主语+be+动词不定式④主语+beabout+动词不定式⑤主语+be+位移动词-ing
进现在进行时行
过去进行时
主语+am/is/are+现在分词主语+was/were+现在分词主语+shall/willbe+现在分词主语+have/has+过去分词主语+had+过去分词
主语+shall/willhave+过去分词主语+have/hasbeen+现在分词
主+have/hasbeen+过去分词主+hadbeen+过去分词主+am/is/arebeing+过去分词主+was/werebeing+过去分词主+shall/willbe+过去分词被动式的构成主+am/is/are+过去分词主+was/were+过去分词
时将来进行时完现在完成时成过去完成时时将来完成时完现在完成
进行时成进
过去完成行进行时时
过去将来时
主语+hadbeen+现在分词
主语+shall/would+动词原形
主+should/wouldbe+过去分词
二、注意事项或重点掌握知识点
○表达将来时的形式
1) 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，使用一般现在时替代将来时。如：I’’tell him when you ring again. 2) 在make sure, make certain, see (toit) 后的that 从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时替代将来时。如：you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’tknow the answer to last time.
○完成时是时态测试的重中之重，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语。
1) 当by/between/upto/till+过去时间、
since/bythe time/when+表示过去发生情况的从句，
1. We had just had our breakfast 2. at least 29motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced. 2) 当by +将来时间、
by the time/when+谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，
1. we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.
2. I hope her health will have improved greatly 3) 当by now 、since+过去时间或in/during/for/over/the
past/last+表示多少的词+years/days/weeks,etc, ，这
但在it is +具体时间+since/before这一句型中，表示
1. The changes that had taken place in air travel would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.
2. John left school.
4) 完成进行时指动作在完成时的基础上还要继续下
去。如：The company has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened.
5) 在It/This/That+be +the first (second,third, …)time
+that 结构中，that
如果be 为is ，that
be 为was ，
that 1. Mr. Smith has visited China.
2. Mr. Smith had visited China.
真题回顾(共15题)
2004年（2题）
18. Tom got very angry when he realized he A. was being made fun of C. had made fun of 26. In case he A. has come C. comes （答案：AC ）2005年（3题）
1. A new analysis indicates that the output of cotton
20%by now. A. will have gone up C. will go up 9. His wife as well as he
A. has been C. has
B. would go up D. has gone up
invited to the business party. B. have been D. are
by
.
B. is made fun of D. has been made fun of
, please tell me.
B. will come D. would come
19. “Yourdaughter has two children, doesn’tshe?”
“Yes.She A. married C. was married
in 1980.”
B. had married D. got married
（答案：DAD ）2006年（4题）
15. Some of the apples were rotten before reaching the market
and
away.
B. had to be thrown D. had to throw
in Europe for
A. could be thrown C. could throw
41. By the time you arrive in London, we
two weeks. A. shall stay C. have stayed
B. will have stayed D. have been staying
46. The children are required not to leave the building
unless A. being told C. be told
to do so.
B. they will be told D. told
50. He bought a new mobile phone last Sunday, because his old
one
.
B. had been stolen D. stolen
A. had stolen C. was stolen （答案：BBDB ）2008年（1题）1. John and I
friends for eight years. We first got to
each
know each other at a Christmas party. But we
other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have seen C. had been; had seen （答案：D ）2011年（2题）
20. By the end of this term, we A. finish C. will finish 21. This hall can
you like. A. hold; seat C. seat; be seated （答案：DC ）2012年（2题）27. Until then , his family A. didn’thear C. hasn’theard
40. ----Do you like the material?
----Yes, it A. is feeling C. feels （答案：DC ）
very soft.
B. felt D. is felt
from him for six months. B. hasn’tbeen hearing D. hadn’theard B. be seated; seated D. hold; seating the textbook. B. have finished D. will have finished
1000people. You can
where
B. have been; have seen D. have been; had seen
2013年（1题）3. We
building the bridge by the end of next month.
B. would finish D. will have finished
A. are finishing C. have finished （答案：D ）
动词时态和语态补充练习
1. The play
culture. A. produced
B. being produced
D. having been produced
on
next month aims mainly to reflect the local
C. to be produced
2. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit
his own farm. A. grown C. to be grown 3. The way the guests
evaluation of the service. A. treated C. would treat
B. were treated D. would be treated B. being grown D. to grow
in the hotel influenced their
4. All of them try to use the power of the workstation A. presenting C. being presented 5.
information in a more effective way.
B. presented D. to present
twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A. Being bitten C. Having been bitten
B. Bitten D. To be bitten
6. not to miss the flight at 2:00,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding C. To remind
B. Reminded D. Having reminded
7. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in
Qingdao, PLA Navy. A. marking C. having marketed 8. When he
A. would open C. had opened
B. marked D. being marked
the 60th anniversary of the founding of the
the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
B. opened D. was to open
in a small
9. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,
apartment near Boston and future.
A. living; wondering C. lived; wondered
what to do about his
B. lived; wondering D. living; wondered
10. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it
easier for it A. reusing C. reuses
11. Please do me a favor----.
B. reused D. to be reused
my friend Mr. Smith to
Youth Theatre at 7:30tonight. A. to invite C. invite 12.
B. inviting D. invited
the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars. A. Giving C. To give
B. Having given D. Given
parents to
13. The government plans to bring in new laws
take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced C. to be forced 14. The children all turned
entered the classroom. A. looked at C. to looking at
B. to look at D. look at B. forcing D. having forced
the famous actress as she
15. Now that we’vediscussed the problem, are people happy
with the decisions A. taking C. taken
16. We are invited to a party
A. to be held C. being held
?
B. take D. to take
in our club next Friday. B. held D. holding
17. I still remember
there. A. to take C. taking
to the Famen Temple and what I saw
B. to be taken D. being taken
18. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the
city, A. killed C. kills
all four people on board. B. killing D. to kill
by the earthquake
19. With the government’said, those
have moved to the new settlements. A. affect C. affected 20. Bill suggested
B. affecting D. were affected
a meeting on what to do for the
Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held C. holding
B. to hold D. hold
until the plane
21. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain
has come to a complete stop. A. seated C. to seat 22. David threatened
damages were not paid.
B. seating D. seat
his neighbor to the police if the
A. to be reported C. to report
23. He told us whether
discussion. A. to have C. have 24.
B. reporting D. having reported
a picnic was still under
B. having D. had
many times, he finally understood it. A. Told C. Having told
B. Telling
D. Having been told
25.
weekends.
the project in time, the staff were working at
A. Completing C. To have completed 26.
B. Having completed D. To complete
by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged C. Encouraged
B. Encouraging D. Having encouraged
27. and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to
reach the top of Mount Tai. A. Having tired C. Tiring
B. Tired D. Being tired
that music activities
28. There is a great deal of evidence
engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate C. to indicate
B. indicating D. to be indicating
with this
29. Michael’snew house is like a huge palace,
old one. A. comparing C. to compare
B. compares D. compared
30. With the world changing fast, we have something
new A. deal C. to deal
with all by ourselves every day.
B. dealt D. dealing
smoothly.
31. They use computers to keep the traffic A. being run C. to run
B. run D. running
32. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000college
graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, pressures. A. help C. to help
B. to have helped D. having helped
reduce unemployment
33. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school.
the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are
our alumni from home and abroad. A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending
D. Having attended
34. ----Why does the lake smell terrible?
----Because large quantities of water .
A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted
D. have been polluted
35. According to the literary review, Shakespeare
charities live through their language in his plays. A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes (答案：CABDC
BADAD CDBBC ADBCC ACADD
CBBDC
DCCCD)
his