动词和动词短语
一、系动词
1．表示人或事物特征和状态的系动词，如smell，live，look，sound，feel，seem，appear等。
例如：
The actor looked his part．
那个演员看上去和他演的角色很相称。
He appears fl normal person．
他看来是一个正常人。
2．表示状态的变化，如go，grow，run，turn，become，wash，get，turn OUt，come等。
例如：
His dream has come true．他的梦想成真了。 The river went dry．河流干涸了。
3．表示某种状态的持续或延续，如last，stand，lie，keep，stay，continue，hold等。
例如：
He stayed young．他依然年轻。
He told me to keep calm under all circumstances． 他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。
注意：常用系动词及与之搭配的形容词：
①feel：sorry，lonely，proud，shy。happy等。 ②get：late，fat，dark，worse，angry，well等。
③go：hungry，bad，lame，broken，mad，blind等。 ④grow：worse，calm，cold，old，thin，big，fat，dark等。
⑤keep：calm，fine，quiet，warm，happy等。
⑥look：strong，tired，fit，nervous，friendly，pretty，excellent等。
⑦remain：single，unmarried，calm，open，active，silent等。
⑧prove：false，correct，easy，difficult，useful等。 ⑨turn：yellow，grey，pale，red，black，green，cold等。
二、一些常用行为动词的用法比较
1．1ay和
lie
He lied tO me that he had finished his homework． 他向我撒谎说完成作业了。
He laid the baby on the bed．
他把婴儿放置在床上。
2．arise，rise和
raise
The sun having set down，a mist arose．
太阳落山后起了雾。
The river has risen by several metres．
河水上涨了好几米。
It’S difficult raising a family on a small income． 依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。
3．hang的用法
He hung his clothes on the wall．
他把衣服挂在墙上。
A towel hung from the rail．
栏杆上搭着条毛巾。
The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged． 杀人犯被绞死了，为死者报了仇。
4．get的用法
(1)get+宾语：在这种结构中，get通常意为receive(收到)，obtain(获得)，fetch(拿来)，take(拿)。例如：
I got her letter yesterday．
昨天我收到了她的来信。
(2)get+形容词：表示某种状态的变化，意思与become相似。例如：
When you get old，your memory gets worse． 你老了之后，记忆力会变差。
(3)get+过去分词：这种结构相当于“be+过去分词”，相当于被动语态。
His leg got broken in the car accident．
在那次车祸中，他的腿断了。
(4)get+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词、分词、不定式)：这种结构表示“使„„变得，使„„移动，使„„做，使„„被做”。
l can 7t get my feet warm．
我没法使脚暖和起来。
Can you get the car going?
你能把车开动起来吗?
I shall get Mr．Wang to do it for me．
我该让王先生给我做那件事。
I got my watch repaired yesterday．
我昨天让人把表修了。
注意：有时候“get+宾语+过去分词”并不表示“要某事被
别人做”，而是表示“经历„„，遭受„„”。例如： They got their roof blown off in the storm last night． 昨晚的暴风雨把他们的房顶给掀掉了。
5．have的用法
(1)have+宾语+不带to的不定式：“使某人做某事”。 例如：
He had everybody fill out a form．
他让所有的人都填了表。
(2)have+宾语+现在分词：“使某人一直„„”。例如： She had us laughing all through the meal．
在吃饭过程中，她使我们始终笑个不停。
(3)have+宾语+过去分词：“使„„被(他人)做”。例如： If you don’t get OUt of my house，I’ll have you arrested．
如果不离开我的房子，我就让人把你抓起来。
注意：have sb．do，have sb．doing，have sb．／sth．done还可以
表示“经历某个事件或行动，遭遇„„”(句子的主语不是动作的
执行者)。例如：
He had his left hand cut off when operating the machine．
他在操作这种机器时左手被切掉了。
It’S lovely to have people smile at you in the street． 在街上，人们冲你微笑是件非常愉快的事。
The boss had the workers working all through the night．
老板让工人彻夜工作。
6．look，seem和appear
(1)look强调由视觉得出的印象，意为“看上去，看起来”。 例如：
He looks very strong．他看上去很强壮。
(2)seem表示根据某种情况、状态或迹象所作出的判断，这 种判断可靠性较大。例如：
It seems as though there’s no way out of our difficulty． 似乎没有办法摆脱我们的困境。
(3)appear表示外表给人的印象，这种印象可能是靠不住 的、虚假的。例如：
He appears to be your friend but I doubt if he is． 他看起来像你的朋友，但我怀疑他是否真是。
注意：(1)look常用结构：look+adj．／v．-ed，look+n．；look
+介词短语；look as if。
(2)seem常用结构；seem+分词／adj．，seem+n．，seem+介
语短语；seem to do，It seems that从句；It seems as if从句。
三、高频动词短语
1．get词组
get about 到处走动；活动
get across 横过；使渡过，使明白
get along/on with [通常用进行时]进展；相处 get away 离去，离开
get down to„ 静下心来；处理,从事
get it 了解；受罚；懂了
get over 爬过，越过 ，康复
get through 使(某人)理解；完成，接通电话
get rid of 摆脱
get across使通过 清楚使被理解 被理解
1. (使)越过，(使)渡过；(使)横穿马路：
It's so much safer to get across the road at the traffic lights.
在有交通红绿灯的地方横穿马路要安全得多。
2. (使)被了解；讲清楚，让…听懂：
He taught me how to get my ideas across.
他教我如何把自己的观点表达清楚。
3. [英国口语]触犯，冒犯；使生气，使恼火：
Take care not to get across the director,he could have you dismissed.
小心别惹经理生气，他会把你开除。
get through
1. (使)通过：
The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway.
这女人胖得连门都通不过。
2. (使)通过考试；(使)达到标准：
John has got through the examination.
约翰已经通过考试了。
3. (使)通过法案(或议案等)：
Buy now before the tax increase gets through next week! 在下周的增税法案通过前，现在就购买吧!
4. (电话等)打通，接通；给…接通电话：
The operator finally got me through.
接线员最终给我接通了电话。
get over:从（不快或疾病中）恢复过来
1. If you get over an unpleasant or unhappy experience or an illness, you recover from it.
It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death. 得知她去世的消息我惊愕不已，很长时间才缓过劲来。 克服，战胜（问题、困难）
2. If you get over a problem or difficulty, you overcome it. How would they get over that problem, he wondered? 他们会怎么解决那个问题？他寻思着。
get down to
1. 认真对待；认真处理；专心做：
The task isn't as difficult as it seems when you really get down to it.
在你真正认真做这项工作时，它并不像看上去那样困难。
Get down to:开始认真考虑；着手处理
1. But really, once you get down to it, there’s really only the first reason.
但实际上，当你去香港之后就会发现，其实原因只有第一种。
2. But when things get down to business on the first day, I am not so confident thisweek will be paradise.
当第一天开始着手处理事务时，我就知道这将一定不会是天堂般快活的一周。
3. Many of us take the time to customize these options, because we have certain preferences
for what we like to see when we first get down to browsing. 我们当中的许多人可能都会去自定义这些选项，因为我们在每次坐下来浏览互联网的时候都有自己喜欢想要去浏览的东西
练习题：
1. How are you getting _____ _____ your English?
2. The bank robbers used a stolen car to get _____.
3. Before I could get _____ a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits, ...
4. If you knocks into someone, or get _____ his way, you says,
5. when you are in london, you might
get_____ _____ _____ a friend of mine.
6. If you don't want to go, I suppose I can get _____ _____ the ticket.
7. we all try to get _____ at least once a year at Christmas time.
8. It took us only four minutes to get _____ the customs(海关).
1. get along with 进展
2. get away 逃脱
3. get in a word 插话
4. get in one's way 挡了某人的路
5. get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系，保持联系
6. get rid of 除掉，去掉
7. get together 相聚，碰头
8.get through 通过
2．give词组
give away 赠送(礼物)；颁发(奖品)；泄露(秘密) give back 恢复；归还
give sb．a hand 帮忙
give in 上交，让步
give off 发出，放出(气体／液体／气味)
give out 分发，用完，耗尽
give sb．a ring(phone call) 打电话给某人
give away:送掉；赠送；分发(奖品)：
John gave all his possessions away and became a monk. 约翰把他所有的家产都送了人，出家为僧。
We have invited a famous actor to give away the prizes. 我们邀请了一位著名演员颁发奖品。
(有意、无意地)泄露(情报、秘密等)：
Please don't give my secret away!
请不要说出我的秘密!
give短语练习
1. In those days, he used to give _____ a part of his income to help his friend.
2. Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give _____.
3. If they are burned, they give _____ poisonous gases.
4. when they made ready to climb the next ridge（山脊）， they found that their oxygen had given ______.
5. Both the man and horse gave _____ after the long ride.
6. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _____ and the search stopped.
7. Mary had to give _____ her job after her marriage.
1. give away 赠送，给予
2. give in 投降，让步，屈服
3. give off 发出，放出
4. give out 用完，耗尽
5. give out 力竭
6. give up 放弃
7. give up 辞去
.
3．go词组
go after／for 追逐，追求
go against 违反，反对
go back to 追溯到
go bad 变质
go ahead 开始，继续
go in for 从事，爱好
go out (灯、火)熄灭
go over 检查，复习
go through 穿过，通过
go with 和„„相配；伴随
go 词组
1. please don't go _____ _____ it till you've seen me again.
2. they went _____ _____ their open-air
performance in spite of the rain.
3. put more wood on the fire, otherwise it will go _____.
4. the mechanic（技师）went _____ the engine but found nothing wrong.
5. they went _____ their lessons together at night.
6. the bullet（子弹）went _____ the wall.
7. the police went _____ very room of the building.
1. go ahead with 继续进行， 推进，前进
2. go ahead 取得进展
3. go out 灯，火熄灭
4. go over 检查
5. go over 复习
6. go through 穿过，通过
7. go through 仔细检查，查看
4．keep词组
keep a diary 记日记
keep back 阻止„„向前
keep busy doing sth． 不停地做某事
keep in touch with与„„保持联系
keep doing 继续不停地做某事
keep on doing 继续不停地做某事(强调动作的重复) keep fit 保持健康
keep„from 阻止／防止„„做
keep„in mind记住
keep one’s word／promise遵守诺言
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep out 不得入内
keep„out 挡住，留在外面
keep up 继续；保持，坚持
keep up with 跟上
keep watch 守望，值班，放哨
5．look词组
look after 照顾，照料
look around／about四处看看，四下环顾
look back 回头看；回顾
look down upon(on)看不起，轻视
look forward to 盼望，期待
look into 朝„„看去；调查
look on„as„把„„看作„„
look out 当心，小心，留神
look through 浏览，翻阅；温习；仔细查看；透过„„看 look up 查寻，查阅；抬头看
7．make词组
make a decision 作决定
make a(no)difference重要(不重要)
make„into 把„„制成
be made of 用某种原材料制成(能看出原材料) be made from 用某种原材料制成(看不出原材料) make one’s way往„„去
make out 辨认出；理解；填写
make up 化妆；配制；组成；编造，虚构；和解
make up(for) 弥补，补充，补偿
make(full／good)use of(充分)利用
make„to one’s own measure照某人的尺寸去做 make up one’s mind下决心
make fun of 取笑，嘲笑，和„„开玩笑
8．put词组
put aside 把„„放在一边；储蓄
put away 放好，收起来；储存
put an end to 结束
put back 把(钟)拨慢；推迟；阻碍
put down 扑灭，平息，镇压；放下
put forward 提出
put into 插入；译成
put off 延期，拖延
put on 上演；穿戴
put on weight 发胖
put out 熄灭，扑灭；生产
put sb．to the trouble of麻烦某人做
put up挂起，张贴；举起，抬起；建造，搭起；为某人提供膳宿
put up with 忍受，容忍
put one’s heart into用心去做
9．set词组
be set in„ 以„„为背景
set about doing 着手，开始做
set off 起程，出发；引爆
set out 出发，动身
set„doing 使„„开始做
set up 创立，设立，建立；竖起，支起 set fire(to) 放火
set sb．free 释放
set an example tO sb．给„„树立榜样
10．take词组
take away 带走，拿走
take charge(of) 负责；掌管
take down 拿下；记下；拆毁 take off 起飞；脱掉
take„into consideration考虑
take place 发生；举行，举办 take„sth．seriously认真对待
take up 从事；占据；拿起
take care of 照顾
take in 接受；吸收；欺骗
take great trouble to do sth． 不辞辛劳做某事
take it easy 别急
take on a new look呈现新的面貌
take one’s place取代某人的位置
take over 接管
take sb．／sth．by mistake错拿；错把„„当作
take sth．for granted想当然
take the place of代替
take your time 别急，慢慢来
目录
go top 释义 权威词典 用法 例句 take up
占去 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方) Take up 开始从事 占据 拿起
1. 拿起，捡起，举起，拔起；拿走：
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty. 他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。
2. 占用，占(地方)：
All available accommodation were taken up.
房间都住满了。
3. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等)；费(时间)；占据(注意力)： I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.
对不起，我占了你这么多宝贵时间。
The piano takes up too much space.
这架钢琴占地方太多。
The whole of my time is taken up with trifles.
我的所有时间都被琐事占去了。
开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)，学习(某种知识、技能等)
He dropped medicine and took up physics. 他放弃学医，开始学物理。
For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。
She took up the study of English 4 years ago.
她四年前开始学英语。
He has taken up stamp-collecting as a hobby.
他已经有了集邮这个爱好
继续。
如：We took up our journey the next day.
第二天我们继续赶路。
This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
take in。
(1) 理解。
如：We find it difficult to take in what he teaches. 我们发现他教的东西很难理解。
(4) 欺骗，使上当。
如：Don’t be taken in by his promises. 别被他的诺言
所欺骗。
11．turn词组
turn attention tO把注意力转向
turn„into„ 变成，转变成
turn out(to be) 结果是，证明是
turn away 走开；把脸转过去；把„„打发走 turn out 生产；驱逐；翻转；证明是 turn on 开，旋开(电灯等)
turn off 关(水源等)；拐弯
turn into 进入；使变成，使成为
turn down 关小，调低；拒绝
turn against 对„„采取敌对态度
take turns 依次，轮流
turn back (使)折回；(使)往回走
turn around／round转变，(使)转好；翻身，转身 in turn 依次，轮流；转而，反过来
turn up 出现；找到；把音量开大一些；卷起 turn to 变成；求助于；着手；查阅
turn over (机器等)运转；翻过来；仔细考虑
与不同动词搭配的介／副词
1．动词与down构成的短语 break down坏了，垮了，分解 down“向下”
turn down调小，拒绝
cut down削减，砍倒
slow down慢下来
put down记下，写下，镇压 tear down拆毁，拆除
set down记下
2．动词与on构成的短语
on“在„„上”／动作状态延续 depend on依靠
rely on依靠
insist on坚持
carry on继续，进行
keep／go on继续
put on穿上，戴上，上演 feed on以„„为食
3．动词与out构成的短语 out“出来”
break out爆发
point out指出
carry out执行，进行
turn out结果是，生产，培养 work out算出，想出办法，健身 find out查出，弄明白 try out试用，试验
look out当心，提防
4．动词与up构成的短语 u p‘‘向上”／动作结果 give up放弃，停止，中止 build up建立
set up架起，建立
put up搭起，安装，住宿，张贴 pick up拾起，学会，收听到
bring up抚养，呕吐，提出，调出
stay up熬夜
make up构成，组成 cut up切碎
hold up耽搁，使停顿
5．动词与away构成的短语 away“离开”
throw away扔掉 clear away清除掉 die away逐渐消失 take away拿走
put away收起；存放
动词和动词短语
一、系动词
1．表示人或事物特征和状态的系动词，如smell，live，look，sound，feel，seem，appear等。
例如：
The actor looked his part．
那个演员看上去和他演的角色很相称。
He appears fl normal person．
他看来是一个正常人。
2．表示状态的变化，如go，grow，run，turn，become，wash，get，turn OUt，come等。
例如：
His dream has come true．他的梦想成真了。 The river went dry．河流干涸了。
3．表示某种状态的持续或延续，如last，stand，lie，keep，stay，continue，hold等。
例如：
He stayed young．他依然年轻。
He told me to keep calm under all circumstances． 他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。
注意：常用系动词及与之搭配的形容词：
①feel：sorry，lonely，proud，shy。happy等。 ②get：late，fat，dark，worse，angry，well等。
③go：hungry，bad，lame，broken，mad，blind等。 ④grow：worse，calm，cold，old，thin，big，fat，dark等。
⑤keep：calm，fine，quiet，warm，happy等。
⑥look：strong，tired，fit，nervous，friendly，pretty，excellent等。
⑦remain：single，unmarried，calm，open，active，silent等。
⑧prove：false，correct，easy，difficult，useful等。 ⑨turn：yellow，grey，pale，red，black，green，cold等。
二、一些常用行为动词的用法比较
1．1ay和
lie
He lied tO me that he had finished his homework． 他向我撒谎说完成作业了。
He laid the baby on the bed．
他把婴儿放置在床上。
2．arise，rise和
raise
The sun having set down，a mist arose．
太阳落山后起了雾。
The river has risen by several metres．
河水上涨了好几米。
It’S difficult raising a family on a small income． 依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。
3．hang的用法
He hung his clothes on the wall．
他把衣服挂在墙上。
A towel hung from the rail．
栏杆上搭着条毛巾。
The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged． 杀人犯被绞死了，为死者报了仇。
4．get的用法
(1)get+宾语：在这种结构中，get通常意为receive(收到)，obtain(获得)，fetch(拿来)，take(拿)。例如：
I got her letter yesterday．
昨天我收到了她的来信。
(2)get+形容词：表示某种状态的变化，意思与become相似。例如：
When you get old，your memory gets worse． 你老了之后，记忆力会变差。
(3)get+过去分词：这种结构相当于“be+过去分词”，相当于被动语态。
His leg got broken in the car accident．
在那次车祸中，他的腿断了。
(4)get+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词、分词、不定式)：这种结构表示“使„„变得，使„„移动，使„„做，使„„被做”。
l can 7t get my feet warm．
我没法使脚暖和起来。
Can you get the car going?
你能把车开动起来吗?
I shall get Mr．Wang to do it for me．
我该让王先生给我做那件事。
I got my watch repaired yesterday．
我昨天让人把表修了。
注意：有时候“get+宾语+过去分词”并不表示“要某事被
别人做”，而是表示“经历„„，遭受„„”。例如： They got their roof blown off in the storm last night． 昨晚的暴风雨把他们的房顶给掀掉了。
5．have的用法
(1)have+宾语+不带to的不定式：“使某人做某事”。 例如：
He had everybody fill out a form．
他让所有的人都填了表。
(2)have+宾语+现在分词：“使某人一直„„”。例如： She had us laughing all through the meal．
在吃饭过程中，她使我们始终笑个不停。
(3)have+宾语+过去分词：“使„„被(他人)做”。例如： If you don’t get OUt of my house，I’ll have you arrested．
如果不离开我的房子，我就让人把你抓起来。
注意：have sb．do，have sb．doing，have sb．／sth．done还可以
表示“经历某个事件或行动，遭遇„„”(句子的主语不是动作的
执行者)。例如：
He had his left hand cut off when operating the machine．
他在操作这种机器时左手被切掉了。
It’S lovely to have people smile at you in the street． 在街上，人们冲你微笑是件非常愉快的事。
The boss had the workers working all through the night．
老板让工人彻夜工作。
6．look，seem和appear
(1)look强调由视觉得出的印象，意为“看上去，看起来”。 例如：
He looks very strong．他看上去很强壮。
(2)seem表示根据某种情况、状态或迹象所作出的判断，这 种判断可靠性较大。例如：
It seems as though there’s no way out of our difficulty． 似乎没有办法摆脱我们的困境。
(3)appear表示外表给人的印象，这种印象可能是靠不住 的、虚假的。例如：
He appears to be your friend but I doubt if he is． 他看起来像你的朋友，但我怀疑他是否真是。
注意：(1)look常用结构：look+adj．／v．-ed，look+n．；look
+介词短语；look as if。
(2)seem常用结构；seem+分词／adj．，seem+n．，seem+介
语短语；seem to do，It seems that从句；It seems as if从句。
三、高频动词短语
1．get词组
get about 到处走动；活动
get across 横过；使渡过，使明白
get along/on with [通常用进行时]进展；相处 get away 离去，离开
get down to„ 静下心来；处理,从事
get it 了解；受罚；懂了
get over 爬过，越过 ，康复
get through 使(某人)理解；完成，接通电话
get rid of 摆脱
get across使通过 清楚使被理解 被理解
1. (使)越过，(使)渡过；(使)横穿马路：
It's so much safer to get across the road at the traffic lights.
在有交通红绿灯的地方横穿马路要安全得多。
2. (使)被了解；讲清楚，让…听懂：
He taught me how to get my ideas across.
他教我如何把自己的观点表达清楚。
3. [英国口语]触犯，冒犯；使生气，使恼火：
Take care not to get across the director,he could have you dismissed.
小心别惹经理生气，他会把你开除。
get through
1. (使)通过：
The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway.
这女人胖得连门都通不过。
2. (使)通过考试；(使)达到标准：
John has got through the examination.
约翰已经通过考试了。
3. (使)通过法案(或议案等)：
Buy now before the tax increase gets through next week! 在下周的增税法案通过前，现在就购买吧!
4. (电话等)打通，接通；给…接通电话：
The operator finally got me through.
接线员最终给我接通了电话。
get over:从（不快或疾病中）恢复过来
1. If you get over an unpleasant or unhappy experience or an illness, you recover from it.
It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death. 得知她去世的消息我惊愕不已，很长时间才缓过劲来。 克服，战胜（问题、困难）
2. If you get over a problem or difficulty, you overcome it. How would they get over that problem, he wondered? 他们会怎么解决那个问题？他寻思着。
get down to
1. 认真对待；认真处理；专心做：
The task isn't as difficult as it seems when you really get down to it.
在你真正认真做这项工作时，它并不像看上去那样困难。
Get down to:开始认真考虑；着手处理
1. But really, once you get down to it, there’s really only the first reason.
但实际上，当你去香港之后就会发现，其实原因只有第一种。
2. But when things get down to business on the first day, I am not so confident thisweek will be paradise.
当第一天开始着手处理事务时，我就知道这将一定不会是天堂般快活的一周。
3. Many of us take the time to customize these options, because we have certain preferences
for what we like to see when we first get down to browsing. 我们当中的许多人可能都会去自定义这些选项，因为我们在每次坐下来浏览互联网的时候都有自己喜欢想要去浏览的东西
练习题：
1. How are you getting _____ _____ your English?
2. The bank robbers used a stolen car to get _____.
3. Before I could get _____ a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits, ...
4. If you knocks into someone, or get _____ his way, you says,
5. when you are in london, you might
get_____ _____ _____ a friend of mine.
6. If you don't want to go, I suppose I can get _____ _____ the ticket.
7. we all try to get _____ at least once a year at Christmas time.
8. It took us only four minutes to get _____ the customs(海关).
1. get along with 进展
2. get away 逃脱
3. get in a word 插话
4. get in one's way 挡了某人的路
5. get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系，保持联系
6. get rid of 除掉，去掉
7. get together 相聚，碰头
8.get through 通过
2．give词组
give away 赠送(礼物)；颁发(奖品)；泄露(秘密) give back 恢复；归还
give sb．a hand 帮忙
give in 上交，让步
give off 发出，放出(气体／液体／气味)
give out 分发，用完，耗尽
give sb．a ring(phone call) 打电话给某人
give away:送掉；赠送；分发(奖品)：
John gave all his possessions away and became a monk. 约翰把他所有的家产都送了人，出家为僧。
We have invited a famous actor to give away the prizes. 我们邀请了一位著名演员颁发奖品。
(有意、无意地)泄露(情报、秘密等)：
Please don't give my secret away!
请不要说出我的秘密!
give短语练习
1. In those days, he used to give _____ a part of his income to help his friend.
2. Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give _____.
3. If they are burned, they give _____ poisonous gases.
4. when they made ready to climb the next ridge（山脊）， they found that their oxygen had given ______.
5. Both the man and horse gave _____ after the long ride.
6. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _____ and the search stopped.
7. Mary had to give _____ her job after her marriage.
1. give away 赠送，给予
2. give in 投降，让步，屈服
3. give off 发出，放出
4. give out 用完，耗尽
5. give out 力竭
6. give up 放弃
7. give up 辞去
.
3．go词组
go after／for 追逐，追求
go against 违反，反对
go back to 追溯到
go bad 变质
go ahead 开始，继续
go in for 从事，爱好
go out (灯、火)熄灭
go over 检查，复习
go through 穿过，通过
go with 和„„相配；伴随
go 词组
1. please don't go _____ _____ it till you've seen me again.
2. they went _____ _____ their open-air
performance in spite of the rain.
3. put more wood on the fire, otherwise it will go _____.
4. the mechanic（技师）went _____ the engine but found nothing wrong.
5. they went _____ their lessons together at night.
6. the bullet（子弹）went _____ the wall.
7. the police went _____ very room of the building.
1. go ahead with 继续进行， 推进，前进
2. go ahead 取得进展
3. go out 灯，火熄灭
4. go over 检查
5. go over 复习
6. go through 穿过，通过
7. go through 仔细检查，查看
4．keep词组
keep a diary 记日记
keep back 阻止„„向前
keep busy doing sth． 不停地做某事
keep in touch with与„„保持联系
keep doing 继续不停地做某事
keep on doing 继续不停地做某事(强调动作的重复) keep fit 保持健康
keep„from 阻止／防止„„做
keep„in mind记住
keep one’s word／promise遵守诺言
keep off the grass勿踏草地
keep out 不得入内
keep„out 挡住，留在外面
keep up 继续；保持，坚持
keep up with 跟上
keep watch 守望，值班，放哨
5．look词组
look after 照顾，照料
look around／about四处看看，四下环顾
look back 回头看；回顾
look down upon(on)看不起，轻视
look forward to 盼望，期待
look into 朝„„看去；调查
look on„as„把„„看作„„
look out 当心，小心，留神
look through 浏览，翻阅；温习；仔细查看；透过„„看 look up 查寻，查阅；抬头看
7．make词组
make a decision 作决定
make a(no)difference重要(不重要)
make„into 把„„制成
be made of 用某种原材料制成(能看出原材料) be made from 用某种原材料制成(看不出原材料) make one’s way往„„去
make out 辨认出；理解；填写
make up 化妆；配制；组成；编造，虚构；和解
make up(for) 弥补，补充，补偿
make(full／good)use of(充分)利用
make„to one’s own measure照某人的尺寸去做 make up one’s mind下决心
make fun of 取笑，嘲笑，和„„开玩笑
8．put词组
put aside 把„„放在一边；储蓄
put away 放好，收起来；储存
put an end to 结束
put back 把(钟)拨慢；推迟；阻碍
put down 扑灭，平息，镇压；放下
put forward 提出
put into 插入；译成
put off 延期，拖延
put on 上演；穿戴
put on weight 发胖
put out 熄灭，扑灭；生产
put sb．to the trouble of麻烦某人做
put up挂起，张贴；举起，抬起；建造，搭起；为某人提供膳宿
put up with 忍受，容忍
put one’s heart into用心去做
9．set词组
be set in„ 以„„为背景
set about doing 着手，开始做
set off 起程，出发；引爆
set out 出发，动身
set„doing 使„„开始做
set up 创立，设立，建立；竖起，支起 set fire(to) 放火
set sb．free 释放
set an example tO sb．给„„树立榜样
10．take词组
take away 带走，拿走
take charge(of) 负责；掌管
take down 拿下；记下；拆毁 take off 起飞；脱掉
take„into consideration考虑
take place 发生；举行，举办 take„sth．seriously认真对待
take up 从事；占据；拿起
take care of 照顾
take in 接受；吸收；欺骗
take great trouble to do sth． 不辞辛劳做某事
take it easy 别急
take on a new look呈现新的面貌
take one’s place取代某人的位置
take over 接管
take sb．／sth．by mistake错拿；错把„„当作
take sth．for granted想当然
take the place of代替
take your time 别急，慢慢来
目录
go top 释义 权威词典 用法 例句 take up
占去 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方) Take up 开始从事 占据 拿起
1. 拿起，捡起，举起，拔起；拿走：
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty. 他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。
2. 占用，占(地方)：
All available accommodation were taken up.
房间都住满了。
3. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等)；费(时间)；占据(注意力)： I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.
对不起，我占了你这么多宝贵时间。
The piano takes up too much space.
这架钢琴占地方太多。
The whole of my time is taken up with trifles.
我的所有时间都被琐事占去了。
开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)，学习(某种知识、技能等)
He dropped medicine and took up physics. 他放弃学医，开始学物理。
For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。
She took up the study of English 4 years ago.
她四年前开始学英语。
He has taken up stamp-collecting as a hobby.
他已经有了集邮这个爱好
继续。
如：We took up our journey the next day.
第二天我们继续赶路。
This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
take in。
(1) 理解。
如：We find it difficult to take in what he teaches. 我们发现他教的东西很难理解。
(4) 欺骗，使上当。
如：Don’t be taken in by his promises. 别被他的诺言
所欺骗。
11．turn词组
turn attention tO把注意力转向
turn„into„ 变成，转变成
turn out(to be) 结果是，证明是
turn away 走开；把脸转过去；把„„打发走 turn out 生产；驱逐；翻转；证明是 turn on 开，旋开(电灯等)
turn off 关(水源等)；拐弯
turn into 进入；使变成，使成为
turn down 关小，调低；拒绝
turn against 对„„采取敌对态度
take turns 依次，轮流
turn back (使)折回；(使)往回走
turn around／round转变，(使)转好；翻身，转身 in turn 依次，轮流；转而，反过来
turn up 出现；找到；把音量开大一些；卷起 turn to 变成；求助于；着手；查阅
turn over (机器等)运转；翻过来；仔细考虑
与不同动词搭配的介／副词
1．动词与down构成的短语 break down坏了，垮了，分解 down“向下”
turn down调小，拒绝
cut down削减，砍倒
slow down慢下来
put down记下，写下，镇压 tear down拆毁，拆除
set down记下
2．动词与on构成的短语
on“在„„上”／动作状态延续 depend on依靠
rely on依靠
insist on坚持
carry on继续，进行
keep／go on继续
put on穿上，戴上，上演 feed on以„„为食
3．动词与out构成的短语 out“出来”
break out爆发
point out指出
carry out执行，进行
turn out结果是，生产，培养 work out算出，想出办法，健身 find out查出，弄明白 try out试用，试验
look out当心，提防
4．动词与up构成的短语 u p‘‘向上”／动作结果 give up放弃，停止，中止 build up建立
set up架起，建立
put up搭起，安装，住宿，张贴 pick up拾起，学会，收听到
bring up抚养，呕吐，提出，调出
stay up熬夜
make up构成，组成 cut up切碎
hold up耽搁，使停顿
5．动词与away构成的短语 away“离开”
throw away扔掉 clear away清除掉 die away逐渐消失 take away拿走
put away收起；存放