牛津高中英语模块一（第1讲）
牛津高中英语模块一（第五讲）
主讲教师：邵磊
主审： 孙德霖
【教学内容与教学要求】
一、 教学内容：
牛津高中英语模块一Unit 3（上）
二、教学要求：
1．学会谈论健康、锻炼，描述问题。
2．学习e-mail 的写作。
3．语法：非限制性定语从句、反意疑问句。
【知识重点与学习难点】
一、 重要单词：
stay(系动词：保持), slim, figure, weight, ashamed, recover, failure, contain, chemical, seldom, damage, attractive, touching, embarrassed, pressure, overweight, diet, properly , skinny , consider, fit(强健的), pill, appearance, especially, amazed, archery , squash, aerobics(有氧运动), triathlon(铁人三项), category, partial(部分的), response, purpose, confirmation, actually, recognize.
二、重点词组：
work out锻炼、训练, go on diets/a diet实行节食, in secret私自, side effect副作用, put on weight 体重增加, lose weight 减肥, be ashamed of 对…. 感到羞耻, an exact match for和…. 完全匹配的…， follow one’s advice听从某人的建议, sound fun听起来象是件有趣的事, team sport团队运动, build up 增强, regret doing sth 后悔做了某事, risk doing sth冒做某事的风险.
三、【语法术语】
non-restrictive attributive clause 非限制性定语从句, question tag 反意疑问句,
positive statement 肯定的陈述句, negative statement 否定的陈述句, personal pronoun 人称代词, auxiliary verb 助动词, model verb 情态动词, imperative clause 祈使句.
【难点讲解】
1. What do you do to keep yourself looking good and feeling good？ 你是怎样保持自己良好的外在形象和健康的身体状况的？
询问别人怎样做某事的可以用“how do you …..? ”也可以用“what do you do to ….? ”。例如：
How did you make the baby stop crying?
What did you do to make the baby stop crying?
Keep yourself looking good and feeling good是一个“动＋宾语+补语”结构，现在分词短语looking good and feeling good作宾补。
2. Dying to be thin….
这是个双关语，既可以理解成“差一点为瘦身而死”，也可以理解为“迫切希望瘦身”。课文主人公Amy 因为急切希望保持苗条的身材服用了一种减肥药造成肝功能衰竭，差点丢了性命。用这个双关语作课文的标题非常巧妙。
Dying 的本意是“快要死去的，而dying to do/be+adj或dying for+n则表示“迫切希望….. ”。例如：
He is dying to see his homeland again.
I ’m dying for a drink of rum.
She is dying for a chance to be back on the stage.
3. I know the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.
我知道保持苗条的压力是一个，对于一位女演员来说更是如此。
4. I’m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here.
我在服用一种叫“”的减肥药，这种药在年轻女性中很流行。
medicine 泛指药物，尤指内服药，表示“治疗…的药”时后面跟介词for: the
medicine for cold。 Pill 药片、药丸, ,表示“治疗…的药”时前面加定语：sleeping pills 。drug 药剂、麻醉药、毒品，drug(s) 表示“治疗…的药”时和for/to treat 连用。
5. She says health is priceless, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the moment.
她说健康是无价的，我同意她的说法，但是我现在看起来非常苗条。
后缀less 加在名词之后表示“没有、缺乏”例如：hopeless, helpless, careless, homeless. 注意， priceless 和worthless, valueless的意思不同。Price 指价格，加less 表示“无法估价的”；worth, value指价值，加less 则表示“没有价值的。 Then 和but 连用，起到增强语气的作用。
6. They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
那些药里含有一种有害的化学成分，导致我肝功能衰竭。
7. I think you look great as you are.
我认为你现在这样保持自然本色看起来就很棒。
As you are是状语从句意思是“以你本来的面目”
As 作连词的用法较复杂，可以表示“当…. 时候、因为、既然、相比、虽然，按照…做、象…一样、当做，还可以用来指代上文中提到的事情以避免重复。其中作“虽然、用来指代上文中提到的事情”两种用法比较特殊，请看例句： Alone as he is, he does not feel lonely.
Try as you would, you could not make him change his mind.
Harry is unusually tall, as are his brothers.
8. Remember to take it slowly at first and you will build your strength up quickly.
记住刚开始锻炼时要慢些，你的体力很快就会增强。
Take 在这里意思是“从事…活动”it 指代sport/exercise。
Build up增强、增加，名词build-up, 例如：
The build-up of Japanese forces makes the neighboring countries very uneasy.
9. Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done
outdoors.
一些体育活动通常是在室内进行的，另一些则是在室外。
Indoor 、outdoor 是形容词，只能作定语使用; indoors/outdoors是副词，作地点状语。例如：
It is an indoor sport.
We can play the game indoors.
【语法】
一、非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓
住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that 和关系副词why 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
二、反意疑问句：
（1） 反意疑问句是由陈述句以及其后面的简略疑问句构成，前一部
分为陈述句，后一部分由助动词或情态动词 + 主语(人称代词)
构成，可表示真实的疑问。也可以表示说话者的某种倾向，强
调或反问
It ’s raining , isn’t it?
(2) 反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句是肯定的，则疑问部分为否定形
式；反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句中若为否定，则疑问部分为
肯定形式。
(3) 前半部分陈述句含有hardly , never, seldom, few, little 等词时，
疑问部分为肯定形式。
We hardly know each other, do we?
There is little left for us to do, there is?
(4) 反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句中若使用了助动词，情态动词
或 be 动词，后半部分先重复这些动词，然后 + not +主语，
构成简略句
Y ou can read this , can’t you?
She should have a rest , shouldn’t she?
(5) 如果反意疑问句前半部分肯定句中谓语动词是实意动词，后半
部分一般由 didn ’t / doesn’t 和didn ’t + 主语构成
We need some salad too , don’t we?
He looks like his father , doesn’t he?
(6) 祈使句后面的反意疑问句是will you/shall we?
Let ’s stop quarreling and get down to business, shall we?
Come over to my house, will you?
【同步练习】
一、 单项选择
1.Jane could hardly be called beautiful, ____________?
A. couldn’t she B. couldn’t Jane C. wasn’t she D. could she
2.Is this factory _____ you visited the other day?
A. which B. where C. to which D. the one
3.You will have some spare time _____ you can learn French at
home.
A. that B. which C. at which D. during which
4. We ought to make friends with such people _____ are kind and hard working.
A. who B. as C. that D. whom
5.I was so surprised that he returned home much earlier _____ was expected.
A. as B. than C. which D. /
6.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. which B. that C. where D. as
7.China is the birth place of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea,
Thailand and India.
A. from where B. which C. where D. as
8.That is the girl _____ father we have just been speaking.
A. of whose B. of whom C. whose D. who
9. Mayor will make an inspection of our school on Monday, _____ you can tell
him how hard the situation we are in.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
10. We often think of the happiest days _____ we spent together on the island
A. when B. which C. that D. during which
二、 用下列单词的适当形式填空：
1．She is on a diet to keep her ___________.
2．Everyone could see his __________ when he was caught stealing food from
the frige.
3．Susan is not the _______ little girl she used to be.
4．Y ou should be ________ of such behavior.
5．_______ is a subject that is learnt in the lab.
6．The UN has sent 9 __________ of relief supply to the earthquake area.
7．It is very ___________ of you to bring me such a useful gift.
8．Nowadays young people will do anything to improve their ___________
9．This kind of dress is not very _______ for the wedding.
10. Mr. Lee’s ________ was a painful and slow one.
11.His carelessness has resulted in another __________.
12._________ as he is, he can’t keep his hand form chocolate.
13. Reporters tried to _______ him for more information.
三、完形填空
With the long days of kids heading back to school, it seems that exercise should become easier to do instead of harder. But, for many parents, that isn't as schedules get crowed with activities, the sun goes down earlier and the stress of daily life sets in. Many people vowing(发誓) to start exercising at some later time when things calm down but, here's something you already know--life doesn't usually work that way. of waiting for the 'right' time, why not start now? Getting exercise firmly （要优先做的事） for you. Trying to fit it into a crazy schedule later stress, guilt and thicker waistlines（腰围）. Staying fit takes a little work, but it's worth it in the long Any parent knows that planning and preparation can make a difference in how smoothly things go. Giving exercise that same kind of effort can help you make it happen.
∙
∙ Plan out your weekly calendar of work, family and other responsibilities. Look for times you can squeeze in some exercise. you only find 10
minutes here or there, that's 10 minutes you'll be moving instead of sitting. ∙ Plan what you'll do and what you'll need to do it--e.g., if you're going to the
gym you'll need to have your gym bag ready and snacks/meals ready to go. Prepare as much as you can beforehand for smoother workouts.
∙ Look for creative ways to be active. One person who jogs around the soccer
field at her son's practices. There’s another who rides bikes with his daughter every morning before school. Integrating(结合)exercise with other and still keep up with responsibilities.
∙ Set up a basic home gym. Even if you prefer a health club, having some as well as a few quality workout videos means you're always ready for a workout. Think resistance tubes or bands, an exercise ball and some dumbbells.
1．A. out B. go C. gone D. done
2. A condition B. case C. example D. reason
3. A. us B. them C. theirs D. themselves
4. A. Despite B. Approved C. Aware D. Instead
5. A. remain B. keep C. stay D. get
6. A. in B. from C. of D. over
7. A. time B. term C. run D. period
8. A. Even if B. As if C. As though D. Now that
9. A. well B. health C. fit D. happy
10.A.prepared B. available C. access D. responsible
【参考答案】
一、D A AC B, DAACC
二、1.figure 2. embarrassment 3. skinny 4. ashamed 5. Chemistry 6. containers 7. considerate 8.appearances 9. proper 10. recovery 11. failure
12. overweighed 13. press
三、CBDDA, ACACB
牛津高中英语模块一（第六讲）
主讲教师：邵磊
主审： 孙德霖
【教学内容与教学要求】
一、 教学内容：
牛津高中英语模块一Unit 3（下）
二、教学要求：
1．学会谈论有关健康生活的话题。
2．学习英语中标点符号的名称和用法。
3．学习调查、整理、分析信息。
4．缩略和简写。
【知识重点与学习难点】
一、 重要单词：
Guideline, highlight, lifestyle, advertisement, commercial(n), convey, , afford, , offer, yoga, branch, square, shape, figure, trainer, , brief, abbreviation, contraction, symbol, seldom, , proper, energy, count, concentrate, chemical, amount, booklet, survey, conduct, analyze, statistics, questionnaires, permission, give out, create, percentage, level, pin, persuade, omit, skip, virus, remove, item, recommend, mention, summary, conclusion, calorie.
二、重点词组：
Prompt box提词台, a reminder of提醒某人想起某事的人或事物, call sb names骂人, cheer up 高兴起来, closely related紧密相关的, live(lead) a…. life过着…. 样的生活, , a headache to令人头疼的人或事, along with一起, in the long term(run)从长远角度看, give up on放弃, a good amount of适量的、许多, in no time很快, give out分发、发出, allow enough time for sb to do…留出充足的时间让某人做某事, skip meals不吃饭, membership fee会员费,
三、【标点符号的英文名称和用法】
punctuations : comma逗号, full stop/period句号, question mark问号, exclamation mark感叹号, colon冒号, semi-colon分号, quotation marks引号, apostrophe省略符号, hyphen连字符号, dash破折号, under bar下划线。
英语中的标点符号的使用和汉语相近，但也有一些区别：
1．句号用在缩写中, 例如：U.S.A, Mr., e.g，p.m 等。
2．逗号在疑问句中引出说话人：
"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
逗号用于排列三个或以上的名词：
Green, blue, white and green are his favorite colors.
逗号用于非限制性定语从句：
Edison, who was the inventor of electric bulb, had over 2000 inventions.
写日期时，如次序是月－日－年，在日和年之间加逗号：
He was born on October 15,1983.
有些起连系作用的副词，如 however, therefore, hence, nevertheless, moreover
, thus, otherwise, besides等等：
China, however, is still at the primary stage of socialism.
3． Apostrophe ['] 表示所有:
This is David's computer.
Mary and Jim’s father/Mary’s and Jim’s fathers
The football players’ photo
4．破折号Dash [-]
在一个句子前作总结
Mild, dry, and clear - these are the characteristics of weather in Kunming.
在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释
The kids－John, Bettie and Leo－were left behind while their parents went to church. 表示某人在说话过程中被打断
The woman said, "I want to ask - " when the earthquake
began to shake the room。
5．连字符Hyphen [-]
连接两个单词
well-educated, kind-hearted, good-looking
加前缀
anti-Japanese, non-stop, semi-conductor
在数字中使用
one-quarter ， twenty-three, two-fifths
【难点讲解】
1. Y ou can highlight main points by underling them.
你可以通过下划线来强调要点。
Highlight 本来是美术术语“高光点”，指画面上最亮、最显著的地方。这里highlight 作动词，表示“强调”。Main points指文章的要点。
这句话的结构是：do sth by doing sth , 表示通过做某事达到某个目的，例如：
He keeps fit by going to the gym twice a week.
The students enlarged their vocabulary by reading English Novels.
2. Is there such a thing as being big boned?
有没有“骨架大”这么回事？
介词短语as being big boned在句子中作定语，“being big boned”是动名词短语，作介词as 的宾语。类似的句子还有：Her friends all speak of her as being sweet-tempered。
As 也可以作关系代词，在限制性定语从句中常和such, the same, so连用; 在非限制性定语从句中代指主句的整个内容，例如：
Such exercises as he does are good for old people.
I hold the same view as the majority does.
He is a teacher, as is clear from his manner.
As was his wont(习惯), he cleared his throat before starting the lecture.
Big boned 指“骨架大的”。
3. Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. 步行和骑自行车都有用，学校里的体育活动也有用。
Count 除“计数，计算”的意思外还有“被视为、在…之列、有…作用”等意思。例如： His opinions don’t count.
Knowledge without common sense counts for little.
so do school sports是省略句，相当于：school sports also count.
4. When you sleep, your body prepares you for the day to come.
当你睡觉的时候，你的身体为新的一天做好准备。
Prepare sb for sth : 使…. 做好…. 的准备，例如：
Education prepares students for their future careers.
We must prepare her for the bad news so that it won’t come to her as too much a shock. 不定式短语to come在本句中作定语，修饰the day, 表示“即将来临的”
5. As a matter of fact, loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to put on
weight.
事实上，睡眠不足会使你看起来疲倦，甚至导致你体重增加。
As a matter of fact: in fact。Loss 是lose 的名词形式，loss of sleep 意思是“睡眠不足”，不是“失眠”。Cause sb to do sth , 使某人做某事。
6. Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body
produces some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study.
许多青少年听说体育锻炼可以使身体产生帮助放松精神、促进集中注意力的化学物质时都觉得吃惊。
Be surprised to learn得知某事感到惊奇，learn 在这里是“得知、了解到”的意思。surprised to learn
【同步练习】
一、单项选择
10． He is a friend of______.
A. Mike’s brother’s B. Kate’s brother C. father’s of Mike D. Mike
father’s
2. Encourage is a ____________ word.
A. 9-letters B. 9-letter C. 9-letter’s D. seven-letters’
3. The nurse is taking my ________ temperature.
A. mother’s-in-law B. mother-in-laws
C. mothers-in-law D. mother-in-law’s
4. This cup is ______big as that one.
A. half as B. as half C. three-seventh D. two as
5. Mr. Wolfe seldom speaks in a loud voice, _____ he?
A. does B. doesn’t C. is D. isn’t
6. Peter said he would practice yoga, and _________.
A. so did he B. so would he C. so he did D. so he does
7. ____ we all know, China is a big developing country.
A. what B. so C. which D. as
8. The old classmates talked of the things and persons ______ they
remembered.
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
9. A good ______ of students have sign up for the outing.
A. amount B. deal C. many D. lot
10. You can’t ______ to neglect such an important client.
A. offer B. afford C. pay D. refuse
11. We put the food in the shade to ______ it cool.
A. remain B. prevent C. stay D. keep
12. Such a _______ person can never be trusted with so important a job.
A. worthless B. valueless C. priceless D. worthy
13. If you ______breakfast often, you will have no energy for the morning work.
A. leave out B. drop C. give up D. skip
14. Those _____ want to have a go please step forward.
A. that B. who C. they D. for whom
15. Her charm _____ well with those eager young gentlemen.
A. counts B. results C. works D. affects
二、用下列单词的适当形式填空：
1. He always behaves _______ in front of the teacher.
2. Y ou have to be very _______ if you want to become an
inventor.
3. you can ask the _______ for help if you meet with any
difficulties on the bus.
4. They ______ their products in several newspapers.
5. I ________ to lend him a hand, but he refused.
6. There is a high _________ of harmful chemicals in the water
we have been drinking for years.
7. Only 25 _______ of high school students find their way to
college.
8. It is rather hard for poor couples to find an _________
apartment.
9. She _________ her speech with a call for peace.
10. When he failed _______ her to accept his offer, he threatened
her with force.
三、完形填空
China up after centuries of sleep, suddenly realizes has happened to it over the past 200 years, China could be forgiven for awakening（醒来） as an angry nation, and Beijing has declared that it will rise peacefully. This good disposition（脾气） comes from China's awareness that it is weak. But it is also a sign that Beijing has recognized the vision of progress the United States has praised since World War II. States no longer need to have a strong army to prosper(富强), the theory goes; trade and economic integration（一体化） pave a surer path to growth. And Beijing has noted how much sticking to this idea helped Japan and Germany rise from the ruins(废墟)of World War II. （建筑师） of the world order today, the United States should be the first to celebrate China's progress. For if Beijing continues to abide by（遵守） Washington's rules, peace and stability could stay, and the United States, as both a society and an economy, could benefit a great deal from the renaissance(复兴) of Chinese civilization.
1．A. for B. like C. with D. as
2. A. wake B. woke C. woken D. waking
3. A. stepped B. being stepped C. been stepping D. been
stepped
4. A. what B. that C. which D. it
5. A. then B. yet C. so D. however
6. A. partly B. mainly C. exactly D. merely
7. A. rather B. relatively C. probably D. only
8. A. when B. where C. in which D. that
9. A. As B. with C. Be D. To be
10. A. between B. among C. within D. besides
四、阅读理解
The World Heart Federation(联合会) says heart disease kills seventeen million people each year.
The group urges people to be active and have a good, healthy diet. It also warns against activities known to increase a person's risk of heart attack or stroke.
Some of the warnings are directed at children. The World Heart Federation says about twenty-two million boys and girls under the age of five are obese （肥胖） -- severely overweight.
Children are normally energetic and active. However, two thirds of all children are not active enough. Such children greatly increase their risk of becoming obese. They also increase their risk of developing heart disease or other disorders.
One message of World Heart Day is to eat right. Children should eat a healthy and balanced diet. Also, limit sugary drinks, sweets and eating between meals.
The World Heart Federation urges parents to keep their children active.
It says physical exercise helps to decrease the risk of obesity and keeps a child healthy. Obese children often become obese adults. If you believe your child is too heavy, talk with a health care provider.
The World Heart Federation also is concerned about the effects of tobacco on young people. It says the younger someone begins to smoke, the greater the chance of a health problem tied to smoking. Half of the young people who continue to smoke are likely to die later in life from a smoking-related disease.
1．What is the goal of the world heart Federation?
2．What are the risks for those less active children?
3．What does the organization urge parents to do?
4．Why is the federation worried about young people smoking?
【参考答案】
一、ABDAA, CDCCB, DAABC
二、1.properly 2. creative 3. conductor 4.advertised 5.offered 6.
concentration 7. percent 8.affordable 9. concluded 10.to persuade
三、BDCBB, ABDAB
四、1．To help people decrease the risk of having heart diseases by having proper
diets and healthy lifestyle.
2. Becoming fat and developing heart diseases.
3. To keep their children active.
4. Because people who starts smoking earlier have a greater chance of
developing smoking related disease.
牛津高中英语模块一（第1讲）
牛津高中英语模块一（第五讲）
主讲教师：邵磊
主审： 孙德霖
【教学内容与教学要求】
一、 教学内容：
牛津高中英语模块一Unit 3（上）
二、教学要求：
1．学会谈论健康、锻炼，描述问题。
2．学习e-mail 的写作。
3．语法：非限制性定语从句、反意疑问句。
【知识重点与学习难点】
一、 重要单词：
stay(系动词：保持), slim, figure, weight, ashamed, recover, failure, contain, chemical, seldom, damage, attractive, touching, embarrassed, pressure, overweight, diet, properly , skinny , consider, fit(强健的), pill, appearance, especially, amazed, archery , squash, aerobics(有氧运动), triathlon(铁人三项), category, partial(部分的), response, purpose, confirmation, actually, recognize.
二、重点词组：
work out锻炼、训练, go on diets/a diet实行节食, in secret私自, side effect副作用, put on weight 体重增加, lose weight 减肥, be ashamed of 对…. 感到羞耻, an exact match for和…. 完全匹配的…， follow one’s advice听从某人的建议, sound fun听起来象是件有趣的事, team sport团队运动, build up 增强, regret doing sth 后悔做了某事, risk doing sth冒做某事的风险.
三、【语法术语】
non-restrictive attributive clause 非限制性定语从句, question tag 反意疑问句,
positive statement 肯定的陈述句, negative statement 否定的陈述句, personal pronoun 人称代词, auxiliary verb 助动词, model verb 情态动词, imperative clause 祈使句.
【难点讲解】
1. What do you do to keep yourself looking good and feeling good？ 你是怎样保持自己良好的外在形象和健康的身体状况的？
询问别人怎样做某事的可以用“how do you …..? ”也可以用“what do you do to ….? ”。例如：
How did you make the baby stop crying?
What did you do to make the baby stop crying?
Keep yourself looking good and feeling good是一个“动＋宾语+补语”结构，现在分词短语looking good and feeling good作宾补。
2. Dying to be thin….
这是个双关语，既可以理解成“差一点为瘦身而死”，也可以理解为“迫切希望瘦身”。课文主人公Amy 因为急切希望保持苗条的身材服用了一种减肥药造成肝功能衰竭，差点丢了性命。用这个双关语作课文的标题非常巧妙。
Dying 的本意是“快要死去的，而dying to do/be+adj或dying for+n则表示“迫切希望….. ”。例如：
He is dying to see his homeland again.
I ’m dying for a drink of rum.
She is dying for a chance to be back on the stage.
3. I know the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.
我知道保持苗条的压力是一个，对于一位女演员来说更是如此。
4. I’m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here.
我在服用一种叫“”的减肥药，这种药在年轻女性中很流行。
medicine 泛指药物，尤指内服药，表示“治疗…的药”时后面跟介词for: the
medicine for cold。 Pill 药片、药丸, ,表示“治疗…的药”时前面加定语：sleeping pills 。drug 药剂、麻醉药、毒品，drug(s) 表示“治疗…的药”时和for/to treat 连用。
5. She says health is priceless, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the moment.
她说健康是无价的，我同意她的说法，但是我现在看起来非常苗条。
后缀less 加在名词之后表示“没有、缺乏”例如：hopeless, helpless, careless, homeless. 注意， priceless 和worthless, valueless的意思不同。Price 指价格，加less 表示“无法估价的”；worth, value指价值，加less 则表示“没有价值的。 Then 和but 连用，起到增强语气的作用。
6. They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
那些药里含有一种有害的化学成分，导致我肝功能衰竭。
7. I think you look great as you are.
我认为你现在这样保持自然本色看起来就很棒。
As you are是状语从句意思是“以你本来的面目”
As 作连词的用法较复杂，可以表示“当…. 时候、因为、既然、相比、虽然，按照…做、象…一样、当做，还可以用来指代上文中提到的事情以避免重复。其中作“虽然、用来指代上文中提到的事情”两种用法比较特殊，请看例句： Alone as he is, he does not feel lonely.
Try as you would, you could not make him change his mind.
Harry is unusually tall, as are his brothers.
8. Remember to take it slowly at first and you will build your strength up quickly.
记住刚开始锻炼时要慢些，你的体力很快就会增强。
Take 在这里意思是“从事…活动”it 指代sport/exercise。
Build up增强、增加，名词build-up, 例如：
The build-up of Japanese forces makes the neighboring countries very uneasy.
9. Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done
outdoors.
一些体育活动通常是在室内进行的，另一些则是在室外。
Indoor 、outdoor 是形容词，只能作定语使用; indoors/outdoors是副词，作地点状语。例如：
It is an indoor sport.
We can play the game indoors.
【语法】
一、非限制性定语从句
1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓
住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that 和关系副词why 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
二、反意疑问句：
（1） 反意疑问句是由陈述句以及其后面的简略疑问句构成，前一部
分为陈述句，后一部分由助动词或情态动词 + 主语(人称代词)
构成，可表示真实的疑问。也可以表示说话者的某种倾向，强
调或反问
It ’s raining , isn’t it?
(2) 反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句是肯定的，则疑问部分为否定形
式；反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句中若为否定，则疑问部分为
肯定形式。
(3) 前半部分陈述句含有hardly , never, seldom, few, little 等词时，
疑问部分为肯定形式。
We hardly know each other, do we?
There is little left for us to do, there is?
(4) 反意疑问句的前半部分陈述句中若使用了助动词，情态动词
或 be 动词，后半部分先重复这些动词，然后 + not +主语，
构成简略句
Y ou can read this , can’t you?
She should have a rest , shouldn’t she?
(5) 如果反意疑问句前半部分肯定句中谓语动词是实意动词，后半
部分一般由 didn ’t / doesn’t 和didn ’t + 主语构成
We need some salad too , don’t we?
He looks like his father , doesn’t he?
(6) 祈使句后面的反意疑问句是will you/shall we?
Let ’s stop quarreling and get down to business, shall we?
Come over to my house, will you?
【同步练习】
一、 单项选择
1.Jane could hardly be called beautiful, ____________?
A. couldn’t she B. couldn’t Jane C. wasn’t she D. could she
2.Is this factory _____ you visited the other day?
A. which B. where C. to which D. the one
3.You will have some spare time _____ you can learn French at
home.
A. that B. which C. at which D. during which
4. We ought to make friends with such people _____ are kind and hard working.
A. who B. as C. that D. whom
5.I was so surprised that he returned home much earlier _____ was expected.
A. as B. than C. which D. /
6.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. which B. that C. where D. as
7.China is the birth place of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea,
Thailand and India.
A. from where B. which C. where D. as
8.That is the girl _____ father we have just been speaking.
A. of whose B. of whom C. whose D. who
9. Mayor will make an inspection of our school on Monday, _____ you can tell
him how hard the situation we are in.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
10. We often think of the happiest days _____ we spent together on the island
A. when B. which C. that D. during which
二、 用下列单词的适当形式填空：
1．She is on a diet to keep her ___________.
2．Everyone could see his __________ when he was caught stealing food from
the frige.
3．Susan is not the _______ little girl she used to be.
4．Y ou should be ________ of such behavior.
5．_______ is a subject that is learnt in the lab.
6．The UN has sent 9 __________ of relief supply to the earthquake area.
7．It is very ___________ of you to bring me such a useful gift.
8．Nowadays young people will do anything to improve their ___________
9．This kind of dress is not very _______ for the wedding.
10. Mr. Lee’s ________ was a painful and slow one.
11.His carelessness has resulted in another __________.
12._________ as he is, he can’t keep his hand form chocolate.
13. Reporters tried to _______ him for more information.
三、完形填空
With the long days of kids heading back to school, it seems that exercise should become easier to do instead of harder. But, for many parents, that isn't as schedules get crowed with activities, the sun goes down earlier and the stress of daily life sets in. Many people vowing(发誓) to start exercising at some later time when things calm down but, here's something you already know--life doesn't usually work that way. of waiting for the 'right' time, why not start now? Getting exercise firmly （要优先做的事） for you. Trying to fit it into a crazy schedule later stress, guilt and thicker waistlines（腰围）. Staying fit takes a little work, but it's worth it in the long Any parent knows that planning and preparation can make a difference in how smoothly things go. Giving exercise that same kind of effort can help you make it happen.
∙
∙ Plan out your weekly calendar of work, family and other responsibilities. Look for times you can squeeze in some exercise. you only find 10
minutes here or there, that's 10 minutes you'll be moving instead of sitting. ∙ Plan what you'll do and what you'll need to do it--e.g., if you're going to the
gym you'll need to have your gym bag ready and snacks/meals ready to go. Prepare as much as you can beforehand for smoother workouts.
∙ Look for creative ways to be active. One person who jogs around the soccer
field at her son's practices. There’s another who rides bikes with his daughter every morning before school. Integrating(结合)exercise with other and still keep up with responsibilities.
∙ Set up a basic home gym. Even if you prefer a health club, having some as well as a few quality workout videos means you're always ready for a workout. Think resistance tubes or bands, an exercise ball and some dumbbells.
1．A. out B. go C. gone D. done
2. A condition B. case C. example D. reason
3. A. us B. them C. theirs D. themselves
4. A. Despite B. Approved C. Aware D. Instead
5. A. remain B. keep C. stay D. get
6. A. in B. from C. of D. over
7. A. time B. term C. run D. period
8. A. Even if B. As if C. As though D. Now that
9. A. well B. health C. fit D. happy
10.A.prepared B. available C. access D. responsible
【参考答案】
一、D A AC B, DAACC
二、1.figure 2. embarrassment 3. skinny 4. ashamed 5. Chemistry 6. containers 7. considerate 8.appearances 9. proper 10. recovery 11. failure
12. overweighed 13. press
三、CBDDA, ACACB
牛津高中英语模块一（第六讲）
主讲教师：邵磊
主审： 孙德霖
【教学内容与教学要求】
一、 教学内容：
牛津高中英语模块一Unit 3（下）
二、教学要求：
1．学会谈论有关健康生活的话题。
2．学习英语中标点符号的名称和用法。
3．学习调查、整理、分析信息。
4．缩略和简写。
【知识重点与学习难点】
一、 重要单词：
Guideline, highlight, lifestyle, advertisement, commercial(n), convey, , afford, , offer, yoga, branch, square, shape, figure, trainer, , brief, abbreviation, contraction, symbol, seldom, , proper, energy, count, concentrate, chemical, amount, booklet, survey, conduct, analyze, statistics, questionnaires, permission, give out, create, percentage, level, pin, persuade, omit, skip, virus, remove, item, recommend, mention, summary, conclusion, calorie.
二、重点词组：
Prompt box提词台, a reminder of提醒某人想起某事的人或事物, call sb names骂人, cheer up 高兴起来, closely related紧密相关的, live(lead) a…. life过着…. 样的生活, , a headache to令人头疼的人或事, along with一起, in the long term(run)从长远角度看, give up on放弃, a good amount of适量的、许多, in no time很快, give out分发、发出, allow enough time for sb to do…留出充足的时间让某人做某事, skip meals不吃饭, membership fee会员费,
三、【标点符号的英文名称和用法】
punctuations : comma逗号, full stop/period句号, question mark问号, exclamation mark感叹号, colon冒号, semi-colon分号, quotation marks引号, apostrophe省略符号, hyphen连字符号, dash破折号, under bar下划线。
英语中的标点符号的使用和汉语相近，但也有一些区别：
1．句号用在缩写中, 例如：U.S.A, Mr., e.g，p.m 等。
2．逗号在疑问句中引出说话人：
"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
逗号用于排列三个或以上的名词：
Green, blue, white and green are his favorite colors.
逗号用于非限制性定语从句：
Edison, who was the inventor of electric bulb, had over 2000 inventions.
写日期时，如次序是月－日－年，在日和年之间加逗号：
He was born on October 15,1983.
有些起连系作用的副词，如 however, therefore, hence, nevertheless, moreover
, thus, otherwise, besides等等：
China, however, is still at the primary stage of socialism.
3． Apostrophe ['] 表示所有:
This is David's computer.
Mary and Jim’s father/Mary’s and Jim’s fathers
The football players’ photo
4．破折号Dash [-]
在一个句子前作总结
Mild, dry, and clear - these are the characteristics of weather in Kunming.
在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释
The kids－John, Bettie and Leo－were left behind while their parents went to church. 表示某人在说话过程中被打断
The woman said, "I want to ask - " when the earthquake
began to shake the room。
5．连字符Hyphen [-]
连接两个单词
well-educated, kind-hearted, good-looking
加前缀
anti-Japanese, non-stop, semi-conductor
在数字中使用
one-quarter ， twenty-three, two-fifths
【难点讲解】
1. Y ou can highlight main points by underling them.
你可以通过下划线来强调要点。
Highlight 本来是美术术语“高光点”，指画面上最亮、最显著的地方。这里highlight 作动词，表示“强调”。Main points指文章的要点。
这句话的结构是：do sth by doing sth , 表示通过做某事达到某个目的，例如：
He keeps fit by going to the gym twice a week.
The students enlarged their vocabulary by reading English Novels.
2. Is there such a thing as being big boned?
有没有“骨架大”这么回事？
介词短语as being big boned在句子中作定语，“being big boned”是动名词短语，作介词as 的宾语。类似的句子还有：Her friends all speak of her as being sweet-tempered。
As 也可以作关系代词，在限制性定语从句中常和such, the same, so连用; 在非限制性定语从句中代指主句的整个内容，例如：
Such exercises as he does are good for old people.
I hold the same view as the majority does.
He is a teacher, as is clear from his manner.
As was his wont(习惯), he cleared his throat before starting the lecture.
Big boned 指“骨架大的”。
3. Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. 步行和骑自行车都有用，学校里的体育活动也有用。
Count 除“计数，计算”的意思外还有“被视为、在…之列、有…作用”等意思。例如： His opinions don’t count.
Knowledge without common sense counts for little.
so do school sports是省略句，相当于：school sports also count.
4. When you sleep, your body prepares you for the day to come.
当你睡觉的时候，你的身体为新的一天做好准备。
Prepare sb for sth : 使…. 做好…. 的准备，例如：
Education prepares students for their future careers.
We must prepare her for the bad news so that it won’t come to her as too much a shock. 不定式短语to come在本句中作定语，修饰the day, 表示“即将来临的”
5. As a matter of fact, loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to put on
weight.
事实上，睡眠不足会使你看起来疲倦，甚至导致你体重增加。
As a matter of fact: in fact。Loss 是lose 的名词形式，loss of sleep 意思是“睡眠不足”，不是“失眠”。Cause sb to do sth , 使某人做某事。
6. Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body
produces some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study.
许多青少年听说体育锻炼可以使身体产生帮助放松精神、促进集中注意力的化学物质时都觉得吃惊。
Be surprised to learn得知某事感到惊奇，learn 在这里是“得知、了解到”的意思。surprised to learn
【同步练习】
一、单项选择
10． He is a friend of______.
A. Mike’s brother’s B. Kate’s brother C. father’s of Mike D. Mike
father’s
2. Encourage is a ____________ word.
A. 9-letters B. 9-letter C. 9-letter’s D. seven-letters’
3. The nurse is taking my ________ temperature.
A. mother’s-in-law B. mother-in-laws
C. mothers-in-law D. mother-in-law’s
4. This cup is ______big as that one.
A. half as B. as half C. three-seventh D. two as
5. Mr. Wolfe seldom speaks in a loud voice, _____ he?
A. does B. doesn’t C. is D. isn’t
6. Peter said he would practice yoga, and _________.
A. so did he B. so would he C. so he did D. so he does
7. ____ we all know, China is a big developing country.
A. what B. so C. which D. as
8. The old classmates talked of the things and persons ______ they
remembered.
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
9. A good ______ of students have sign up for the outing.
A. amount B. deal C. many D. lot
10. You can’t ______ to neglect such an important client.
A. offer B. afford C. pay D. refuse
11. We put the food in the shade to ______ it cool.
A. remain B. prevent C. stay D. keep
12. Such a _______ person can never be trusted with so important a job.
A. worthless B. valueless C. priceless D. worthy
13. If you ______breakfast often, you will have no energy for the morning work.
A. leave out B. drop C. give up D. skip
14. Those _____ want to have a go please step forward.
A. that B. who C. they D. for whom
15. Her charm _____ well with those eager young gentlemen.
A. counts B. results C. works D. affects
二、用下列单词的适当形式填空：
1. He always behaves _______ in front of the teacher.
2. Y ou have to be very _______ if you want to become an
inventor.
3. you can ask the _______ for help if you meet with any
difficulties on the bus.
4. They ______ their products in several newspapers.
5. I ________ to lend him a hand, but he refused.
6. There is a high _________ of harmful chemicals in the water
we have been drinking for years.
7. Only 25 _______ of high school students find their way to
college.
8. It is rather hard for poor couples to find an _________
apartment.
9. She _________ her speech with a call for peace.
10. When he failed _______ her to accept his offer, he threatened
her with force.
三、完形填空
China up after centuries of sleep, suddenly realizes has happened to it over the past 200 years, China could be forgiven for awakening（醒来） as an angry nation, and Beijing has declared that it will rise peacefully. This good disposition（脾气） comes from China's awareness that it is weak. But it is also a sign that Beijing has recognized the vision of progress the United States has praised since World War II. States no longer need to have a strong army to prosper(富强), the theory goes; trade and economic integration（一体化） pave a surer path to growth. And Beijing has noted how much sticking to this idea helped Japan and Germany rise from the ruins(废墟)of World War II. （建筑师） of the world order today, the United States should be the first to celebrate China's progress. For if Beijing continues to abide by（遵守） Washington's rules, peace and stability could stay, and the United States, as both a society and an economy, could benefit a great deal from the renaissance(复兴) of Chinese civilization.
1．A. for B. like C. with D. as
2. A. wake B. woke C. woken D. waking
3. A. stepped B. being stepped C. been stepping D. been
stepped
4. A. what B. that C. which D. it
5. A. then B. yet C. so D. however
6. A. partly B. mainly C. exactly D. merely
7. A. rather B. relatively C. probably D. only
8. A. when B. where C. in which D. that
9. A. As B. with C. Be D. To be
10. A. between B. among C. within D. besides
四、阅读理解
The World Heart Federation(联合会) says heart disease kills seventeen million people each year.
The group urges people to be active and have a good, healthy diet. It also warns against activities known to increase a person's risk of heart attack or stroke.
Some of the warnings are directed at children. The World Heart Federation says about twenty-two million boys and girls under the age of five are obese （肥胖） -- severely overweight.
Children are normally energetic and active. However, two thirds of all children are not active enough. Such children greatly increase their risk of becoming obese. They also increase their risk of developing heart disease or other disorders.
One message of World Heart Day is to eat right. Children should eat a healthy and balanced diet. Also, limit sugary drinks, sweets and eating between meals.
The World Heart Federation urges parents to keep their children active.
It says physical exercise helps to decrease the risk of obesity and keeps a child healthy. Obese children often become obese adults. If you believe your child is too heavy, talk with a health care provider.
The World Heart Federation also is concerned about the effects of tobacco on young people. It says the younger someone begins to smoke, the greater the chance of a health problem tied to smoking. Half of the young people who continue to smoke are likely to die later in life from a smoking-related disease.
1．What is the goal of the world heart Federation?
2．What are the risks for those less active children?
3．What does the organization urge parents to do?
4．Why is the federation worried about young people smoking?
【参考答案】
一、ABDAA, CDCCB, DAABC
二、1.properly 2. creative 3. conductor 4.advertised 5.offered 6.
concentration 7. percent 8.affordable 9. concluded 10.to persuade
三、BDCBB, ABDAB
四、1．To help people decrease the risk of having heart diseases by having proper
diets and healthy lifestyle.
2. Becoming fat and developing heart diseases.
3. To keep their children active.
4. Because people who starts smoking earlier have a greater chance of
developing smoking related disease.