一般疑问句
疑问句可再分为一般疑问(General question)和特殊疑问(Special question)两种。
1. 一般疑问:用be 或助动词或情态动词置于句首,并以“Yes,…”,或“No,…”或相当于yes / no回答的问句称为一般疑问句.
2. 含系动词be 的一般疑问句的构成:be 动词提到主语前面,具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you, 不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面
如:I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗?(如遇第一人称,最好将其置换成第二人称)
It's a map of China. → Is it a map of China? 这是一幅中国地图吗?
be 或 have (有)置于句首来表达疑问,
例:Am I wrong again? (我又错了?)
Yes, you are (wrong again). (是的,你又错了。)
No, you aren’t. (不,你没错。)
Is it your bicycle? (这辆自行车是你的吗?)
Yes, it is. (是的,是我的。)
No, it isn’t. (不,那不是我的。)
Were there many people at her birthday party? (她的生日宴会来了很多人吗?)
Yes, there were. (是的,来了很多人。)
No, there weren’t. (没有,没有很多人。)
Have you money with you? (你身上带钱了吗?)=Do you have money with you? —美语
Yes, I have.(Yes, I do.—美语)(有,我带钱了。)
No, I have no money with me. (No, I don’t.—美语)(没有,我没带钱。)
3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成, 将情态动词直接提到主语前面。
如:I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗?
Shall I call a taxi for you?(需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗?)
Yes, please. Thank you. (好的,谢谢你。) /No, thank you.(不必了,谢谢你。)
Will you do that for her? (你愿意替她做那件事吗?)
Yes, I will.(是的,我愿意。) / No, I won’t.(不,我不愿意。)
Can she drive? (她会开车吗?)
Yes, she can.(是的,她会。) / No, she can’t.(不,她不会。)
4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究,要在句首加do ;如逢主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式
"v-(e)s"时,用does , 并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→ have,likes→ like等) ;有时陈述句中的some 还要变作any 等。
如:She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗?
I like English. →Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
There are some books on my desk. →Are there any books on your desk?
Do you speak Japanese? (你会说日语吗?)
Yes, I do.(是的,我会说。) / No, I don’t.(不,我不会说。)
Does she swim very well?(她游泳游得好吗?)
Yes, she does. She is a good swimmer. (是的,她游得好。她是游泳高手。) No, she doesn’t. She doesn’t swim at all. (不,她不会。她根本不会游泳。)
Did you tell her the truth? (你向她说了实话吗?)
Yes, I did.(是的,我说了。) / No, I didn’t.(不,我没说。)
Do you like to have a cup of coffee? (你喜欢喝咖啡吗?)
Yes, I do.(是,我喜欢。) / No, I don’t. (不,我不喜欢。)
5. 小插曲:一般疑问句的语调:大部分的一般疑问句都应读作升调() ,并落在最后一个单词身上。
如: Is it a Chinese car? Do you have questions?
Have you ever been to China before? Don’t you think it is a good idea?
6 一般疑问句的应答
用yes / no(或相当于yes / no的词) 回答,并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词/am / is / are还是do /does),简略回答时要注意缩写(否定的n 't)和采用相应的人称代词以避免重复:即"Yes ,主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或do / does."表示肯定;"No ,主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或者do / does not(n 't)."表示否定。回答要完整,
如:① -Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗?
-Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. 是的,她是。/不,她不是。
② -Can Lily speak Chinese? 莉莉会说中国话吗?
-No, she can't. / Sorry, I don't know. 不,她不会。/对不起,我不知道。 ③ -Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
-Yes, very much. 是的,非常喜欢。
一般疑问句的基本用法及结构
一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问,通常可用yes 和no 来回答,读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”:
Is he interested in going? 他有兴趣去吗?
Have you ever been to Japan? 你到过日本吗?
Does she often have colds? 她常常感冒吗?
Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个?
陈述句变一般疑问句的方法
1. 动词be 的疑问式:动词be 根据不同的时态和人称可以有am , is , are , was , were 等不同形式,可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律将动词be 的适当形式置于句首:
Am I right? 我是对的吗?
Are you feeling better today? 你今天感到好些了吗?
Was he late for school?( 他上学迟到了吗?)
2. 动词have 的疑问式:动词have 根据不同的时态和人称可以有have , has , had 等形式,可以用作实意动词和助动词,分以下情况讨论:
① 用作实意动词表示状态,如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等,在构成构成式时可以直接将have , has , had 置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do , does , did :
Does he have [Has he] anything to say? 他有什么话要说吗?
Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon? 你必须这么早走吗?
Did you have [Had you] any friends then? 他当时有朋友吗?
② 用作实意动词表示动作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将have 提前至句首,而应在句首使用do , does , did :
Does he have breakfast at home? 他在家吃早餐吗?
Did you have a good time at the party? 你在晚会上玩得高兴吗?
③ 用作助动词构成完成时态,其疑问式总是将have 等置于句首:
Have you finished your work? 你的工作做完了吗?
Has he left when you arrived? 你到达时他已离开了吗?
3. 情态动词的疑问式:情态动词的疑问式通常是将情态动词置于句首:
Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗?
Must I finish the work at once? 我必须马上完成工作吗?
4. 实意动词的疑问式:一般实意动词的疑问式,通常应根据不同时态和人称在句首加助动词do , does , did 等:
Do you go to school every day? 你每天都上学吗?
Does the boy like dancing? 这男孩喜欢唱歌吗?
Did you see the film last night? 你昨晚看了这部电影吗?
一点注意
在一般疑问句的简略回答中使用Yes , it is. / Yes, I am. / Yes, he is. / Yes, we are. / Yes, she is. 等时,不能使用Yes , it’s. / Yes, I’m. / Yes, he’s.等这样的缩略形式。但如果是否定形式则可用缩略式,如可用No , he’s not.也可用No , he isn’t. 另外,若为完整回答,也可用Yes , he’s…之类的,如说Yes , he’s a student. / Yes, she’s busy.等
练习题
把下面的题改成一般疑问句。
1. That is my ruler.
2. That is a backpack.
3. That is my sister.
4. That is my uncle.
5. The keys are on the table.
6. I can see some birds in the tree.
7. My ID card is on the desk.
8. I have two books.
9. I have a tennis racket.
10. They have many apples.
11. I like oranges.
12. She likes strawberries.
13. They like apples and pears.
14. She likes bananas.
15. They have a basketball game each year.
16. Tina likes Art Festival very much.
17. We have a school trip every year.
18. I want to go to a movie.
19. I can play the piano.
20. She can dance well.
21. John has two sisters.
22. He eats breakfast at six every day.
一般疑问句
疑问句可再分为一般疑问(General question)和特殊疑问(Special question)两种。
1. 一般疑问:用be 或助动词或情态动词置于句首,并以“Yes,…”,或“No,…”或相当于yes / no回答的问句称为一般疑问句.
2. 含系动词be 的一般疑问句的构成:be 动词提到主语前面,具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you, 不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面
如:I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗?(如遇第一人称,最好将其置换成第二人称)
It's a map of China. → Is it a map of China? 这是一幅中国地图吗?
be 或 have (有)置于句首来表达疑问,
例:Am I wrong again? (我又错了?)
Yes, you are (wrong again). (是的,你又错了。)
No, you aren’t. (不,你没错。)
Is it your bicycle? (这辆自行车是你的吗?)
Yes, it is. (是的,是我的。)
No, it isn’t. (不,那不是我的。)
Were there many people at her birthday party? (她的生日宴会来了很多人吗?)
Yes, there were. (是的,来了很多人。)
No, there weren’t. (没有,没有很多人。)
Have you money with you? (你身上带钱了吗?)=Do you have money with you? —美语
Yes, I have.(Yes, I do.—美语)(有,我带钱了。)
No, I have no money with me. (No, I don’t.—美语)(没有,我没带钱。)
3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成, 将情态动词直接提到主语前面。
如:I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗?
Shall I call a taxi for you?(需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗?)
Yes, please. Thank you. (好的,谢谢你。) /No, thank you.(不必了,谢谢你。)
Will you do that for her? (你愿意替她做那件事吗?)
Yes, I will.(是的,我愿意。) / No, I won’t.(不,我不愿意。)
Can she drive? (她会开车吗?)
Yes, she can.(是的,她会。) / No, she can’t.(不,她不会。)
4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究,要在句首加do ;如逢主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式
"v-(e)s"时,用does , 并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→ have,likes→ like等) ;有时陈述句中的some 还要变作any 等。
如:She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗?
I like English. →Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
There are some books on my desk. →Are there any books on your desk?
Do you speak Japanese? (你会说日语吗?)
Yes, I do.(是的,我会说。) / No, I don’t.(不,我不会说。)
Does she swim very well?(她游泳游得好吗?)
Yes, she does. She is a good swimmer. (是的,她游得好。她是游泳高手。) No, she doesn’t. She doesn’t swim at all. (不,她不会。她根本不会游泳。)
Did you tell her the truth? (你向她说了实话吗?)
Yes, I did.(是的,我说了。) / No, I didn’t.(不,我没说。)
Do you like to have a cup of coffee? (你喜欢喝咖啡吗?)
Yes, I do.(是,我喜欢。) / No, I don’t. (不,我不喜欢。)
5. 小插曲:一般疑问句的语调:大部分的一般疑问句都应读作升调() ,并落在最后一个单词身上。
如: Is it a Chinese car? Do you have questions?
Have you ever been to China before? Don’t you think it is a good idea?
6 一般疑问句的应答
用yes / no(或相当于yes / no的词) 回答,并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词/am / is / are还是do /does),简略回答时要注意缩写(否定的n 't)和采用相应的人称代词以避免重复:即"Yes ,主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或do / does."表示肯定;"No ,主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或者do / does not(n 't)."表示否定。回答要完整,
如:① -Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗?
-Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. 是的,她是。/不,她不是。
② -Can Lily speak Chinese? 莉莉会说中国话吗?
-No, she can't. / Sorry, I don't know. 不,她不会。/对不起,我不知道。 ③ -Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
-Yes, very much. 是的,非常喜欢。
一般疑问句的基本用法及结构
一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问,通常可用yes 和no 来回答,读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”:
Is he interested in going? 他有兴趣去吗?
Have you ever been to Japan? 你到过日本吗?
Does she often have colds? 她常常感冒吗?
Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个?
陈述句变一般疑问句的方法
1. 动词be 的疑问式:动词be 根据不同的时态和人称可以有am , is , are , was , were 等不同形式,可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律将动词be 的适当形式置于句首:
Am I right? 我是对的吗?
Are you feeling better today? 你今天感到好些了吗?
Was he late for school?( 他上学迟到了吗?)
2. 动词have 的疑问式:动词have 根据不同的时态和人称可以有have , has , had 等形式,可以用作实意动词和助动词,分以下情况讨论:
① 用作实意动词表示状态,如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等,在构成构成式时可以直接将have , has , had 置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do , does , did :
Does he have [Has he] anything to say? 他有什么话要说吗?
Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon? 你必须这么早走吗?
Did you have [Had you] any friends then? 他当时有朋友吗?
② 用作实意动词表示动作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将have 提前至句首,而应在句首使用do , does , did :
Does he have breakfast at home? 他在家吃早餐吗?
Did you have a good time at the party? 你在晚会上玩得高兴吗?
③ 用作助动词构成完成时态,其疑问式总是将have 等置于句首:
Have you finished your work? 你的工作做完了吗?
Has he left when you arrived? 你到达时他已离开了吗?
3. 情态动词的疑问式:情态动词的疑问式通常是将情态动词置于句首:
Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗?
Must I finish the work at once? 我必须马上完成工作吗?
4. 实意动词的疑问式:一般实意动词的疑问式,通常应根据不同时态和人称在句首加助动词do , does , did 等:
Do you go to school every day? 你每天都上学吗?
Does the boy like dancing? 这男孩喜欢唱歌吗?
Did you see the film last night? 你昨晚看了这部电影吗?
一点注意
在一般疑问句的简略回答中使用Yes , it is. / Yes, I am. / Yes, he is. / Yes, we are. / Yes, she is. 等时,不能使用Yes , it’s. / Yes, I’m. / Yes, he’s.等这样的缩略形式。但如果是否定形式则可用缩略式,如可用No , he’s not.也可用No , he isn’t. 另外,若为完整回答,也可用Yes , he’s…之类的,如说Yes , he’s a student. / Yes, she’s busy.等
练习题
把下面的题改成一般疑问句。
1. That is my ruler.
2. That is a backpack.
3. That is my sister.
4. That is my uncle.
5. The keys are on the table.
6. I can see some birds in the tree.
7. My ID card is on the desk.
8. I have two books.
9. I have a tennis racket.
10. They have many apples.
11. I like oranges.
12. She likes strawberries.
13. They like apples and pears.
14. She likes bananas.
15. They have a basketball game each year.
16. Tina likes Art Festival very much.
17. We have a school trip every year.
18. I want to go to a movie.
19. I can play the piano.
20. She can dance well.
21. John has two sisters.
22. He eats breakfast at six every day.