状语从句
定义：
在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句尾时不用。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。
尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词
和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:
二 地点状语从句
1. 地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。 ．
You are free to go wherever you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟(既无风不起浪) 。
2. 注意区分引导的定语从句与状语从句。
where 引导的地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)
You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)
三． 原因状语从句
1. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有： because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。
(1)because用来回答why 的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后；
(2)since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首；
(3)as 多用于口语，语气比because ，since 弱，表示的理由是明显的或被认为是已知的，是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句，可放在句首或句尾，放在句尾时，as 可省略。
I can’t go，(as) I am busy.
(4)considering that, seeing that, now that 和since 的意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that 可以省去。
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
Now that/Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们就开始我们的会议。 My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
1
四． 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that，in case, lest等。
1.in order that与so that
两个连词都意为“以便„„，为了„„”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
2.for fear that, in case与lest 这些从属连词本身带有否定意义，意为“以免，以防”，相当于so that...not...或in order that...not...
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.
五． 结果状语从句
1. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有： so that, so...that...，such...that... 。其结构形式为：
Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
＝ Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
区别so...that 和such...that 的用法
名前such ，形、副so ，that 从句跟在后；多多少少必用so ，特别注意是little ；“小”用such ，“少”用so 。
六． 条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
七、方式状语从句：
2
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。as 引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，正如”；其中as if 或as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
Do as you are told to, or you'll be fired.
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
八． 让步状语从句
1.although/though, even though/if引导让步状语从句
although 与though 两者意思相同，一般可以互换，都可以与yet, still或nevertheless 连用，但不能和but 连用。
He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.
尽管他很有钱，但是他不幸福。
Even though/if it is raining, we'll go there.
2.as 引导让步状语从句
as 从句一般放在主句之前，用倒装语序。从句中的表语或状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是孩子，他却懂得很多。
Much as I like it I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
Try as he might, he could not find a job.
不管他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。
3. 疑问词＋ever, no matter＋疑问词与whether...or... 引导让步状语从句
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
无论你信不信，它是真的。
Whatever(＝ no matter what) you say, he won't believe you.无论你说什么，他不会信你。
Whoever you are (＝ no matter who you are), you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，你必须服从这些规则。
九． 比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
He runs less fast than me.
The film was not so(as) good as I had expected.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
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状语从句
定义：
在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句尾时不用。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。
尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词
和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:
二 地点状语从句
1. 地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。 ．
You are free to go wherever you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟(既无风不起浪) 。
2. 注意区分引导的定语从句与状语从句。
where 引导的地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)
You'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)
三． 原因状语从句
1. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有： because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。
(1)because用来回答why 的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后；
(2)since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首；
(3)as 多用于口语，语气比because ，since 弱，表示的理由是明显的或被认为是已知的，是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句，可放在句首或句尾，放在句尾时，as 可省略。
I can’t go，(as) I am busy.
(4)considering that, seeing that, now that 和since 的意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that 可以省去。
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
Now that/Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们就开始我们的会议。 My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
1
四． 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that，in case, lest等。
1.in order that与so that
两个连词都意为“以便„„，为了„„”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
2.for fear that, in case与lest 这些从属连词本身带有否定意义，意为“以免，以防”，相当于so that...not...或in order that...not...
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.
五． 结果状语从句
1. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有： so that, so...that...，such...that... 。其结构形式为：
Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
＝ Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
区别so...that 和such...that 的用法
名前such ，形、副so ，that 从句跟在后；多多少少必用so ，特别注意是little ；“小”用such ，“少”用so 。
六． 条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
七、方式状语从句：
2
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。as 引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，正如”；其中as if 或as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
Do as you are told to, or you'll be fired.
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
八． 让步状语从句
1.although/though, even though/if引导让步状语从句
although 与though 两者意思相同，一般可以互换，都可以与yet, still或nevertheless 连用，但不能和but 连用。
He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.
尽管他很有钱，但是他不幸福。
Even though/if it is raining, we'll go there.
2.as 引导让步状语从句
as 从句一般放在主句之前，用倒装语序。从句中的表语或状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是孩子，他却懂得很多。
Much as I like it I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
Try as he might, he could not find a job.
不管他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。
3. 疑问词＋ever, no matter＋疑问词与whether...or... 引导让步状语从句
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
无论你信不信，它是真的。
Whatever(＝ no matter what) you say, he won't believe you.无论你说什么，他不会信你。
Whoever you are (＝ no matter who you are), you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，你必须服从这些规则。
九． 比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
He runs less fast than me.
The film was not so(as) good as I had expected.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
3