浅论[名利场]两种中译本的文体

浅论《名利场》两种中译本的文体

区别及相关翻译归化、异化问题

◎陆欢

(武汉生物工程学院湖北・武汉430074)

Abstract

Translationisnotonlyabranchofsocialscience,butalsoaformoflanguageart.Translationisstillavery

an

creativejob.

con‘

Andstylisticsshouldbetranslationsand

to

indispensablepartoftranslation,otherwise,itwillbecame

empty

talksthatto

improvequalitiesof

raiselevelsofthem.Atthesametime,besidesthesmooth,naturallanguageofthetranslations,doesthe

annexto

notativecultureinthemKeywords

theoriginalculturebackground,orsummittranslations

VanityFair

toit?Thatisto

say,domestication

or

foreignization

stylisticcomparison

foreignization

domestication

Foreword

VanityFairis

one

translatedliterally.Whatwas

called

stylisticsrefers

to

pat-

oftheexoticflowersinthegardenoftems,meansanddiction,etc.And

these

mustcorrespondwith

rev—

criticalrealismnovelsItwasfirstpublishedin1847inEng—

theconventionsofthetargetlanguage”111isdefinition

land.WilliamMakepeace

Thackeray,agreat

realismwriter

ealedhisviewsoftranslation.andtheanalysisof“emotion’’

andhumorist,istheauthorofthisnovel,Heappearedinthenovel

as

and“stylistics”inspired

us

muchtoappreciatethetransla-

greatrealist,agiantingeneralizingtheprofound

tions,esp.theliterarytranslationsAccordingtoMr.Wang’spointofviews,mypersonalstylisticcomparisonofthesetwotranslationsof“VanityFair”willbegiven

art,anoutstandingdescriberofdaily1ifeand

meticulous

psychologist.Hisuniquebitingsarcasmandhumorouslan-guagecastigatedtheseuglyphenomenahidingthefalsemaskmercilessly.Andwhenhecreatedhisheroine,hemadethein-teractionbetweenSurroundingsandpeopleappearedinreal-ismliteratureofthe19thcenturyforthefirsttime.Abigstepinthisfieldwastakenforwardbyhisefforts.

Becauseoftheconspicuousliterarystatusofthisbook,

(1)Asweallknown,VanityFairis

worksofcritical

realism.Itcriticizedtheuglinessofthedifferentstrataoftheuppersociet)7…一一aworldofEnglandintheearlydecadesofthe19thcenturywheremoneygrabbingwasthemainthingItslanguageisquitehumorousandlighthearted

Hencethe

mainmessageofitisteasingandjocularSeeingfromthis,

Yang’sEventhey

manytranslatorstranslations,Mr

translated

itintorespectivetranslationsNowtranslationandJias'bothgraspedtileoriginalmessage.

never

ithasbeenspreadoutwidelyaroundtheworld.Amongthese

Yang

ifthereadershave

can

readThackeray’soriginalwork.

Bi…一-one

oftheChinesemastersin

beaffe÷tedbythewriter’slivelytoneinthesetwo

translatingofferedacknowledged

Chinesetranslation,whichwasgenerallyexcellentone.Languagehasdualcharac—

translations.Surely,as

ary

translator,esp.translatorsoftheliter-

as

asan

works,torecreatethetargetemotion

one

thesame

asthe

ters…一一stabilityandvariability.Tensofyearspassed,Chinese

changed

source

is

one

oftheessentialqualitiesthat

translator

lot.Inthisnewage,moreandmoretranslatorsbe—

shouldhave.Undoubtedly,thesetwotranslationsdidn’tdisap—pointus…--thereaders

gantoretranslatetheseclassics.Now

newtranslationof

“VanityFair”fromJiaWenyuanandJiaWenhaopublishedby(2)ThisnovelisalsouniqueinwritingskillsThewriter

presented

were

us

BeijingMountainYahPressisthemostcommonone.Surely,血esetwotranslationsmustbefar疔omthesame.Whichone

isclosertotheoriginalworks?Whichonemeetsmoreneeds

ofthemodem

se

thestory

asa

storyteller.Allthethingshetold

even

us

familiarto

him,and

he’s

memberoftheVanity

Fair.Histonewasfreeandkind.sothatit’snaturaltointer.

sperseatest

readers?Thefollowingarticlewillanalyzethe—

fromtheangleofstylistics

onceona

commentswithnarrationAsthename

as

anothergre-

twotranslations

novelistinhisage….CharlesDickens.Thackereyma.

Throughtheirspee—

al

subject--translation.“what

Mr.WangZuoliangsaidsymposiumofaspeci—steredincreatingdistinctivecharacters

ches

wascalledemotionrefersto

andtheirpsychologicalactivities,allthecharacterswere

or

theauthor’sfeeling,literaryskills,structuresandforms,etcAllthesemustbekeptunchanged.Therefore,theymustbe

lifelike.Theyhadalltheircomplicatedcharacters…good

bad.Thetwotranslationswerenotallthesameaboutthis.be.

200

6丰第11期安徽文学

▲自耋

cause廿1etranslatorshavedifferentunderstandingtowardstheoriginal.Sotheyadopteddifferentmethodsoftranslationtodealwithit

Butat

features

oftheoriginal.First,shereplacedsomeEnglishwet—

ds-thoseextremelyforeignsentimentalwords-----・byChinesewords-..thosehavemuchnationalfeatures.Forexamples,“godfather’referstopersonwhopromiseswhenbaptizedto

see

thispoint,YangBididbetrerthanJia

the

WenyuanandJiaWenhao.Judgingfrom

formsoflan-

childis

guage,Yanggraspedthemexactlyandskillfully.

(3)Thewholestoryinterweavestwogirls’fates:Amelia

Sedley,daughterofdaughterof

tures

thatitisbroughtup

asa

Christian<annotation

ver—

fromOxfordAdvancedLearner’sE-CDictionary,the4th

sion>.It’sin

richcapitalist,andBeckySharp,

wordaboutChristian-themostinfluentialreligion

quitestrangeforChinese.ThenYang

to

poor

painter.Accordingtotheirfates,thefea-

western

world.That’s

ofmannersandcustomsinbourgeoissocietywererev—translateditinto“gancdie”一sometimesequals

adoptivefa—

ealedwithoutanyreservation.Theplotsaboutthemcame

out

ther—totallydifferentfrom“godfather“.“peerage:”meansthewholebedyofpeers,andhere“peer’’referstomalememberofoneoftheranksofnobilitysuchinBritain.TheseranksChinesepeopleare

are

as

altemately.Actually,it’sverynaturalthatthetranslators

correspondedwiththeoriginalexactly.Afterall,translationdoesnotequalinal.Ifthey

to

duke,marquis,earl,etc.

creation.Theymustbefaithfultotheorig-

can’t

allfromtheBritishroyalhierarchy.

withtheseforeignranksThere—

even

adapttothestructureoftheoriginal,

unfamiliar

howcantheybeNithfultotheothers?Therefore,inthispart,theybothfaithfultotheoriginal.

Literatureisquitemeaningfulsymbolsofexpression,

fore.Yangtranslateditinto

conventionalChineseword

'‘jinshenlu”一a

lation.

listofthegovernmentofficials.Judgingfrom

YangFu's“faithfulness”.thesecan’tbeconsideredgoodtrans—

Second,Yanginheritedthewritingskillsofatypeoftra—

ditionalChinesenovel.witheachchapterheadedby

andthisexpressionisbom

to

belimitedbylanguage.Ifwe

noticedthedifferencesofpowerofexpressionbetweendiffer-

ent

languages,then

conclusioncouldbedrawn:literarywor-

couplet

kscreatedindifferentlanguagesareallrestrictedtotheformsoftheirrespectivelanguage.Anditwas

givingthegistofitscontent,insomeaspects.Especiallywhenshe

justthatusuallyneg-

wrotethespeeches,she

broketheoriginalstructureoflan-beengiveninthe

lectedbywriterswhomasteredintheircreatinglanguages.guage.Theseexampleshave

never

formeranalysis

Whentheseworksmetwiththetranslators,theseknotty

trictionsof

res・ex=

ofherstylistictranslation.However,theChinesereaderwill

fmdthischangewithoutreadingtheoriginal.Because

formsofdifferent

languageswerethoroughly

posed.Literaryversionisquitedifferentfromother

normal

suchwent

structureisquitefitfurthetraditionalChinese,Yang

inhertranslationasmuch

as

versions.Itisconstructedbyliterarylanguage.Boththevari-abilityofexpressionandtheflavorrevealedfromphrasesparagraphs,passagesormanyotherscopes,producedanartis-ticdistinction,whichcouldalmostovercomelanguageitself

throuIghwithdomestication

possible.Still,Ihadtosaysuchoftheoriginalworks.

changedamagedthemood

Third,YangBiusuallychanged

the

originalstructureof

Translationjust

deals

withthetrans-culturalcommunica-

tllesentences.AUtheseweredoneforthepreciseandinflu-

ence

tion.Surely,oneculturealwaysregardstheotherculturesthatstandoutofitsownculturalsystem

as

ofChinese.Suchasthesentence,“Notthattheparting

differentcultures.On

speechcausedAmeliatophilosophize,orthatisarmedherin

conditionofthisregister,translationobviouslygotmeansofthealieninformation

were

so

anywaywithcalmness,theresultofargument;butitwasin・

tolerablydull,pompous,andtedious;…”Here,thetwoclaus-

es

astodefineitsownculture.They

bothaboutthetransplantofculturalelementsintransla—

istosay,whenthereadersofthetranslationshave

beforethesemicolonshould

bejuxtaposedin

even

structureBut

tion.That

Yangmadethembecame

cause

andeffect.Theydisordered

suchrecreationsleftout

differentcultural

backgroundfromthoseoforiginals,howtotheoriginalorderliness,and

deal、历tIltheculturalproblemappearedintranslation?Thisinevitableproblem

appearedinthosetwotranslationswe

us

somethingoftheoriginalmeaning.

(2)Foreignizationis,just

source

oppositetodomestication,

compared,too.Andthiscanhelpexplainwhythesenew

translationscame

outto

challengetheauthorized.

languageculture—oriented.Itdeclaredthattranslationis

amethodofculturecommunication;therefore,thetranslators

shouldletthereadersunderstandmoreforeignculturesandmoreforeigncustomsAndusuallythat'swhythereadersreadthetranslations.Comparatively,Jias’translationpaidmoreat-tentiontothismleoftranslation.Theydealtwithsomespecialwords,thestructuresofsentencesandthewholestructureall—closertotheoriginal.Withoutknowingthebackgroundofthisbook,peoplemayregarditwaswrittenby

Here

(1)Domesticationistargetlanguageculture-oriented.Its

surfaceexpressionisthattheoriginalcontentsareshownbyextremelysmooth,naturaltargetlanguage.Butunderthe

coveL

source

thecultureoftargetlanguage“annexed”thecultureof

languagefromdifferentlevels.Manytranslationsofin-

dividualcharactershavesuch

Yang’stranslationis

commonspecialty.

one

typical

ofthesetranslations,thespecialcultural

modem

us

writer

thou【ghshealsopaidattentiontodeal

withwehavean

example…“sandwiches”.Formodempe.

200

6年第11期安徽文学

臼遂

ople,this

wordisnotverystrange.Theyaretwo

or

moreslices

emerged

one

afteranotherrightunderthisleadingtendency.

ofbreadwithmeat,cheese,etc.between-..akindoftypicalBesidestheshortagesofJias’translation,atleastthey

are

more

westernfood.Nowadays,we

can

knowthiswordthroughitsadvancedthan

Yang

inthispoint.

translation.Yangadopted

fleetranslationtodealwiththis

(4)Today,asmodernreaders,weshouldhaveourownat—

word.Obviously,such

translationhasMreadybeenoutdated.

titudestowardsforeignizationanddomestication.Actually,

Yet,Yangdidliteraltranslation,too.Justliketheleaerappear-foreignizationanddomesticationhavetheirrespectiveworthyedinthefirstchapter,MissPinkertonwrotetoMrs.Sedley,ofexistenceandusage.Theyservedfordifirerentaimsof

Yangdidn’tchangetheformofletter,althoughit’squitediffer-

translationanddifferent

types

ofreaders.Andthey

arefitfor

ent

fromChinese

form.

differentwriters’intentionanddifferentcharactersofthetexts(3)Actually,foreignizationanddomestication

arecorre-

Lookingatthisproblemdialectically,theycomplementeachspondingwiⅡlliteraltranslationandfreetranslationto

great

otherand

never

contradict.

extent.Foreignizationandliteraltranslationbothpaymoreat-First.thereisnotanytranslationcompletelyrelies

on

tentiontothe

source

language,whiledomesticationandfree

only

foreignization

or

only

domestication.Justbecausethe

translationcareabouttargetlanguagemore.Andthewordingstranslators。attitudestotranslationwerenotallthesame,they

of“foreignization”and“domestication”werecarried

out

1n

obeyed

certaindisciplineandadapted

acertainmethods

“TheTranslator’sInvisibility”forthefirsttimein1995.Aboutconsciously

or

unconsciously.Therefore,theirtranslations

foreignizationanddomestication,Chinesecirclesoftransla-presentedcertaintendencies.However,it。simpossiblefortionhavehaddiscussionsforseveraltimes.Chinesehistoryof

thetranslatorsdealwiththetranslationobeyingone

rule

translationhasbeendividedintotwoperiods;oneistending

fromthetoptotheend.Then,inconsideringofthewriter’s

to

domestication,andtheotheristending

to

foreignization.

intention

or

thecharactersoftheversion,wemustobeydif-

Witlltheexpectationofthefifteenor

sixteenyearsfollowing

ferentdisciplinesandadapteddifferentmethods.AtthetheMay4Movement,thefirstperioddidn’tlastuntilthe80ssametime.1evelsofthereadersandtheirneedsmustbe

con-

ofthe20thcentury.Inthisperiod,thetranslationswerechar.sidered,tOO.Generallyspeaking,thecommonreaderswouldacterizedbythedominationofstrategiesofdomestication.Iikethedomesticationtranslation.it'Seasytounderstand;theSuch

as

ManDun,FuLei,QianZhongshuetc.thesewell-

readerswhowanttoknowmoreabouttheforeignculture

knownliterarymastersallagreed

on

thetranslationanditsandcustoms,such

as

thestudentswho

are

learningEnglish,

originalshouldbealikeinspiritinthatpenod.Directedbythiswouldliketheforeignizationtranslation.

theory,afterconstructionofPRC,manyliterarytranslatorsBut

still,inthisnewage,Ithinkforeignizationshouldbe

aimedat“artisticcreativetranslation”.YangBiIsversionofputbeforedomestication.Thefundamental

taskoflranslationis

“vanityfair”wasthemostpopulartranslationinthisperiod.toconvey

thoughtsandstyleoftheoriginalexactlyandcomple—

Andit'stheimmediate

cause

thatwhyYangBitranslatedthistely.Thenforeignizationistheleadingsideofthisproblem,andnovel

followingdominmionofdomestication.Otherindirec.

domesticationshouldsubordinatetoforeignization.Thatwilltive

reasons

are:(a)Influencedbythelonglastingfeudal

an-bethemostsuitableruleoftranslationinnearfuture.

tocracy,theleadingthoughtswerenotopenenoughandthe

re-

Conclusion

aders’acceptanceofthelanguagewaslimited.(b)Chinesehis—

Myintentionofpresentcomparisonbetweenthesetwo

toryofliterarytranslationiscomparativelyshort,notverymu・

translationsisnotonlytopointoutwhereisnotgood

or

where

tIlal.(c)Seldomtranslatorsnoticedthetheoriesandrulesofisexcellent.butthemoreimportantisto1camhowtotranslatetranslation,andtheylackedofadvancedleadingtheory.

theseliteraryworksfromappreciationofothers’translations.Inspiredbythewesterntheoriesoftranslation,Chinese

Andtheanalysisofthemaindirectivetheoryoftranslationtranslatorsbeganto

care

moreaboutforeignizationinthelastwouldhelp

us

knowaboutChinesehistoryoftranslation

20yearsofthe20thcentury.AndChineseliterarytranslationFromthese,wecangetlessonsfromthedisadvantagesofthemthe21stcenturywillbetendingtoforeignizationfurther.

pastandimprovethepresenttobebetterinthefuture.That’s

And

thekeypointwillbereproducingthoseforeignelements

meaningofwhywedidthis.

oftheoriginalasmuch

as

possible.Theseelementsinclude

foreignculturefeatures.foreignformalfeaturesandtheanth.

Bibliography:

【l】贾文浩,贾文渊译名利场.北京燕山出版社,20011

or’s

unusual

writingtechniques.Wimthe

increasingfrequency

【2】杨必译名利场北京:人民文学出版社,1982

oftheintemationaltrans-culturecommunication.peopleall

【3】刘必庆著.文体和翻译中国对外翻译出版社over

theworldhavemorechancesto

know

otherforeigncul.

【4】谢天振著.译介学上海外语教育出版社.

tures.Thiswillbereflectedintheliteraryworks.Undoubted-【5】孙札致中国的文学翻译从归化趋向异化中国翻译02年1月lv.thenewtranslationsofthose

well-known

works

23卷.

literary200

6年第11期安徽文学

浅论《名利场》两种中译本的文体

区别及相关翻译归化、异化问题

◎陆欢

(武汉生物工程学院湖北・武汉430074)

Abstract

Translationisnotonlyabranchofsocialscience,butalsoaformoflanguageart.Translationisstillavery

an

creativejob.

con‘

Andstylisticsshouldbetranslationsand

to

indispensablepartoftranslation,otherwise,itwillbecame

empty

talksthatto

improvequalitiesof

raiselevelsofthem.Atthesametime,besidesthesmooth,naturallanguageofthetranslations,doesthe

annexto

notativecultureinthemKeywords

theoriginalculturebackground,orsummittranslations

VanityFair

toit?Thatisto

say,domestication

or

foreignization

stylisticcomparison

foreignization

domestication

Foreword

VanityFairis

one

translatedliterally.Whatwas

called

stylisticsrefers

to

pat-

oftheexoticflowersinthegardenoftems,meansanddiction,etc.And

these

mustcorrespondwith

rev—

criticalrealismnovelsItwasfirstpublishedin1847inEng—

theconventionsofthetargetlanguage”111isdefinition

land.WilliamMakepeace

Thackeray,agreat

realismwriter

ealedhisviewsoftranslation.andtheanalysisof“emotion’’

andhumorist,istheauthorofthisnovel,Heappearedinthenovel

as

and“stylistics”inspired

us

muchtoappreciatethetransla-

greatrealist,agiantingeneralizingtheprofound

tions,esp.theliterarytranslationsAccordingtoMr.Wang’spointofviews,mypersonalstylisticcomparisonofthesetwotranslationsof“VanityFair”willbegiven

art,anoutstandingdescriberofdaily1ifeand

meticulous

psychologist.Hisuniquebitingsarcasmandhumorouslan-guagecastigatedtheseuglyphenomenahidingthefalsemaskmercilessly.Andwhenhecreatedhisheroine,hemadethein-teractionbetweenSurroundingsandpeopleappearedinreal-ismliteratureofthe19thcenturyforthefirsttime.Abigstepinthisfieldwastakenforwardbyhisefforts.

Becauseoftheconspicuousliterarystatusofthisbook,

(1)Asweallknown,VanityFairis

worksofcritical

realism.Itcriticizedtheuglinessofthedifferentstrataoftheuppersociet)7…一一aworldofEnglandintheearlydecadesofthe19thcenturywheremoneygrabbingwasthemainthingItslanguageisquitehumorousandlighthearted

Hencethe

mainmessageofitisteasingandjocularSeeingfromthis,

Yang’sEventhey

manytranslatorstranslations,Mr

translated

itintorespectivetranslationsNowtranslationandJias'bothgraspedtileoriginalmessage.

never

ithasbeenspreadoutwidelyaroundtheworld.Amongthese

Yang

ifthereadershave

can

readThackeray’soriginalwork.

Bi…一-one

oftheChinesemastersin

beaffe÷tedbythewriter’slivelytoneinthesetwo

translatingofferedacknowledged

Chinesetranslation,whichwasgenerallyexcellentone.Languagehasdualcharac—

translations.Surely,as

ary

translator,esp.translatorsoftheliter-

as

asan

works,torecreatethetargetemotion

one

thesame

asthe

ters…一一stabilityandvariability.Tensofyearspassed,Chinese

changed

source

is

one

oftheessentialqualitiesthat

translator

lot.Inthisnewage,moreandmoretranslatorsbe—

shouldhave.Undoubtedly,thesetwotranslationsdidn’tdisap—pointus…--thereaders

gantoretranslatetheseclassics.Now

newtranslationof

“VanityFair”fromJiaWenyuanandJiaWenhaopublishedby(2)ThisnovelisalsouniqueinwritingskillsThewriter

presented

were

us

BeijingMountainYahPressisthemostcommonone.Surely,血esetwotranslationsmustbefar疔omthesame.Whichone

isclosertotheoriginalworks?Whichonemeetsmoreneeds

ofthemodem

se

thestory

asa

storyteller.Allthethingshetold

even

us

familiarto

him,and

he’s

memberoftheVanity

Fair.Histonewasfreeandkind.sothatit’snaturaltointer.

sperseatest

readers?Thefollowingarticlewillanalyzethe—

fromtheangleofstylistics

onceona

commentswithnarrationAsthename

as

anothergre-

twotranslations

novelistinhisage….CharlesDickens.Thackereyma.

Throughtheirspee—

al

subject--translation.“what

Mr.WangZuoliangsaidsymposiumofaspeci—steredincreatingdistinctivecharacters

ches

wascalledemotionrefersto

andtheirpsychologicalactivities,allthecharacterswere

or

theauthor’sfeeling,literaryskills,structuresandforms,etcAllthesemustbekeptunchanged.Therefore,theymustbe

lifelike.Theyhadalltheircomplicatedcharacters…good

bad.Thetwotranslationswerenotallthesameaboutthis.be.

200

6丰第11期安徽文学

▲自耋

cause廿1etranslatorshavedifferentunderstandingtowardstheoriginal.Sotheyadopteddifferentmethodsoftranslationtodealwithit

Butat

features

oftheoriginal.First,shereplacedsomeEnglishwet—

ds-thoseextremelyforeignsentimentalwords-----・byChinesewords-..thosehavemuchnationalfeatures.Forexamples,“godfather’referstopersonwhopromiseswhenbaptizedto

see

thispoint,YangBididbetrerthanJia

the

WenyuanandJiaWenhao.Judgingfrom

formsoflan-

childis

guage,Yanggraspedthemexactlyandskillfully.

(3)Thewholestoryinterweavestwogirls’fates:Amelia

Sedley,daughterofdaughterof

tures

thatitisbroughtup

asa

Christian<annotation

ver—

fromOxfordAdvancedLearner’sE-CDictionary,the4th

sion>.It’sin

richcapitalist,andBeckySharp,

wordaboutChristian-themostinfluentialreligion

quitestrangeforChinese.ThenYang

to

poor

painter.Accordingtotheirfates,thefea-

western

world.That’s

ofmannersandcustomsinbourgeoissocietywererev—translateditinto“gancdie”一sometimesequals

adoptivefa—

ealedwithoutanyreservation.Theplotsaboutthemcame

out

ther—totallydifferentfrom“godfather“.“peerage:”meansthewholebedyofpeers,andhere“peer’’referstomalememberofoneoftheranksofnobilitysuchinBritain.TheseranksChinesepeopleare

are

as

altemately.Actually,it’sverynaturalthatthetranslators

correspondedwiththeoriginalexactly.Afterall,translationdoesnotequalinal.Ifthey

to

duke,marquis,earl,etc.

creation.Theymustbefaithfultotheorig-

can’t

allfromtheBritishroyalhierarchy.

withtheseforeignranksThere—

even

adapttothestructureoftheoriginal,

unfamiliar

howcantheybeNithfultotheothers?Therefore,inthispart,theybothfaithfultotheoriginal.

Literatureisquitemeaningfulsymbolsofexpression,

fore.Yangtranslateditinto

conventionalChineseword

'‘jinshenlu”一a

lation.

listofthegovernmentofficials.Judgingfrom

YangFu's“faithfulness”.thesecan’tbeconsideredgoodtrans—

Second,Yanginheritedthewritingskillsofatypeoftra—

ditionalChinesenovel.witheachchapterheadedby

andthisexpressionisbom

to

belimitedbylanguage.Ifwe

noticedthedifferencesofpowerofexpressionbetweendiffer-

ent

languages,then

conclusioncouldbedrawn:literarywor-

couplet

kscreatedindifferentlanguagesareallrestrictedtotheformsoftheirrespectivelanguage.Anditwas

givingthegistofitscontent,insomeaspects.Especiallywhenshe

justthatusuallyneg-

wrotethespeeches,she

broketheoriginalstructureoflan-beengiveninthe

lectedbywriterswhomasteredintheircreatinglanguages.guage.Theseexampleshave

never

formeranalysis

Whentheseworksmetwiththetranslators,theseknotty

trictionsof

res・ex=

ofherstylistictranslation.However,theChinesereaderwill

fmdthischangewithoutreadingtheoriginal.Because

formsofdifferent

languageswerethoroughly

posed.Literaryversionisquitedifferentfromother

normal

suchwent

structureisquitefitfurthetraditionalChinese,Yang

inhertranslationasmuch

as

versions.Itisconstructedbyliterarylanguage.Boththevari-abilityofexpressionandtheflavorrevealedfromphrasesparagraphs,passagesormanyotherscopes,producedanartis-ticdistinction,whichcouldalmostovercomelanguageitself

throuIghwithdomestication

possible.Still,Ihadtosaysuchoftheoriginalworks.

changedamagedthemood

Third,YangBiusuallychanged

the

originalstructureof

Translationjust

deals

withthetrans-culturalcommunica-

tllesentences.AUtheseweredoneforthepreciseandinflu-

ence

tion.Surely,oneculturealwaysregardstheotherculturesthatstandoutofitsownculturalsystem

as

ofChinese.Suchasthesentence,“Notthattheparting

differentcultures.On

speechcausedAmeliatophilosophize,orthatisarmedherin

conditionofthisregister,translationobviouslygotmeansofthealieninformation

were

so

anywaywithcalmness,theresultofargument;butitwasin・

tolerablydull,pompous,andtedious;…”Here,thetwoclaus-

es

astodefineitsownculture.They

bothaboutthetransplantofculturalelementsintransla—

istosay,whenthereadersofthetranslationshave

beforethesemicolonshould

bejuxtaposedin

even

structureBut

tion.That

Yangmadethembecame

cause

andeffect.Theydisordered

suchrecreationsleftout

differentcultural

backgroundfromthoseoforiginals,howtotheoriginalorderliness,and

deal、历tIltheculturalproblemappearedintranslation?Thisinevitableproblem

appearedinthosetwotranslationswe

us

somethingoftheoriginalmeaning.

(2)Foreignizationis,just

source

oppositetodomestication,

compared,too.Andthiscanhelpexplainwhythesenew

translationscame

outto

challengetheauthorized.

languageculture—oriented.Itdeclaredthattranslationis

amethodofculturecommunication;therefore,thetranslators

shouldletthereadersunderstandmoreforeignculturesandmoreforeigncustomsAndusuallythat'swhythereadersreadthetranslations.Comparatively,Jias’translationpaidmoreat-tentiontothismleoftranslation.Theydealtwithsomespecialwords,thestructuresofsentencesandthewholestructureall—closertotheoriginal.Withoutknowingthebackgroundofthisbook,peoplemayregarditwaswrittenby

Here

(1)Domesticationistargetlanguageculture-oriented.Its

surfaceexpressionisthattheoriginalcontentsareshownbyextremelysmooth,naturaltargetlanguage.Butunderthe

coveL

source

thecultureoftargetlanguage“annexed”thecultureof

languagefromdifferentlevels.Manytranslationsofin-

dividualcharactershavesuch

Yang’stranslationis

commonspecialty.

one

typical

ofthesetranslations,thespecialcultural

modem

us

writer

thou【ghshealsopaidattentiontodeal

withwehavean

example…“sandwiches”.Formodempe.

200

6年第11期安徽文学

臼遂

ople,this

wordisnotverystrange.Theyaretwo

or

moreslices

emerged

one

afteranotherrightunderthisleadingtendency.

ofbreadwithmeat,cheese,etc.between-..akindoftypicalBesidestheshortagesofJias’translation,atleastthey

are

more

westernfood.Nowadays,we

can

knowthiswordthroughitsadvancedthan

Yang

inthispoint.

translation.Yangadopted

fleetranslationtodealwiththis

(4)Today,asmodernreaders,weshouldhaveourownat—

word.Obviously,such

translationhasMreadybeenoutdated.

titudestowardsforeignizationanddomestication.Actually,

Yet,Yangdidliteraltranslation,too.Justliketheleaerappear-foreignizationanddomesticationhavetheirrespectiveworthyedinthefirstchapter,MissPinkertonwrotetoMrs.Sedley,ofexistenceandusage.Theyservedfordifirerentaimsof

Yangdidn’tchangetheformofletter,althoughit’squitediffer-

translationanddifferent

types

ofreaders.Andthey

arefitfor

ent

fromChinese

form.

differentwriters’intentionanddifferentcharactersofthetexts(3)Actually,foreignizationanddomestication

arecorre-

Lookingatthisproblemdialectically,theycomplementeachspondingwiⅡlliteraltranslationandfreetranslationto

great

otherand

never

contradict.

extent.Foreignizationandliteraltranslationbothpaymoreat-First.thereisnotanytranslationcompletelyrelies

on

tentiontothe

source

language,whiledomesticationandfree

only

foreignization

or

only

domestication.Justbecausethe

translationcareabouttargetlanguagemore.Andthewordingstranslators。attitudestotranslationwerenotallthesame,they

of“foreignization”and“domestication”werecarried

out

1n

obeyed

certaindisciplineandadapted

acertainmethods

“TheTranslator’sInvisibility”forthefirsttimein1995.Aboutconsciously

or

unconsciously.Therefore,theirtranslations

foreignizationanddomestication,Chinesecirclesoftransla-presentedcertaintendencies.However,it。simpossiblefortionhavehaddiscussionsforseveraltimes.Chinesehistoryof

thetranslatorsdealwiththetranslationobeyingone

rule

translationhasbeendividedintotwoperiods;oneistending

fromthetoptotheend.Then,inconsideringofthewriter’s

to

domestication,andtheotheristending

to

foreignization.

intention

or

thecharactersoftheversion,wemustobeydif-

Witlltheexpectationofthefifteenor

sixteenyearsfollowing

ferentdisciplinesandadapteddifferentmethods.AtthetheMay4Movement,thefirstperioddidn’tlastuntilthe80ssametime.1evelsofthereadersandtheirneedsmustbe

con-

ofthe20thcentury.Inthisperiod,thetranslationswerechar.sidered,tOO.Generallyspeaking,thecommonreaderswouldacterizedbythedominationofstrategiesofdomestication.Iikethedomesticationtranslation.it'Seasytounderstand;theSuch

as

ManDun,FuLei,QianZhongshuetc.thesewell-

readerswhowanttoknowmoreabouttheforeignculture

knownliterarymastersallagreed

on

thetranslationanditsandcustoms,such

as

thestudentswho

are

learningEnglish,

originalshouldbealikeinspiritinthatpenod.Directedbythiswouldliketheforeignizationtranslation.

theory,afterconstructionofPRC,manyliterarytranslatorsBut

still,inthisnewage,Ithinkforeignizationshouldbe

aimedat“artisticcreativetranslation”.YangBiIsversionofputbeforedomestication.Thefundamental

taskoflranslationis

“vanityfair”wasthemostpopulartranslationinthisperiod.toconvey

thoughtsandstyleoftheoriginalexactlyandcomple—

Andit'stheimmediate

cause

thatwhyYangBitranslatedthistely.Thenforeignizationistheleadingsideofthisproblem,andnovel

followingdominmionofdomestication.Otherindirec.

domesticationshouldsubordinatetoforeignization.Thatwilltive

reasons

are:(a)Influencedbythelonglastingfeudal

an-bethemostsuitableruleoftranslationinnearfuture.

tocracy,theleadingthoughtswerenotopenenoughandthe

re-

Conclusion

aders’acceptanceofthelanguagewaslimited.(b)Chinesehis—

Myintentionofpresentcomparisonbetweenthesetwo

toryofliterarytranslationiscomparativelyshort,notverymu・

translationsisnotonlytopointoutwhereisnotgood

or

where

tIlal.(c)Seldomtranslatorsnoticedthetheoriesandrulesofisexcellent.butthemoreimportantisto1camhowtotranslatetranslation,andtheylackedofadvancedleadingtheory.

theseliteraryworksfromappreciationofothers’translations.Inspiredbythewesterntheoriesoftranslation,Chinese

Andtheanalysisofthemaindirectivetheoryoftranslationtranslatorsbeganto

care

moreaboutforeignizationinthelastwouldhelp

us

knowaboutChinesehistoryoftranslation

20yearsofthe20thcentury.AndChineseliterarytranslationFromthese,wecangetlessonsfromthedisadvantagesofthemthe21stcenturywillbetendingtoforeignizationfurther.

pastandimprovethepresenttobebetterinthefuture.That’s

And

thekeypointwillbereproducingthoseforeignelements

meaningofwhywedidthis.

oftheoriginalasmuch

as

possible.Theseelementsinclude

foreignculturefeatures.foreignformalfeaturesandtheanth.

Bibliography:

【l】贾文浩,贾文渊译名利场.北京燕山出版社,20011

or’s

unusual

writingtechniques.Wimthe

increasingfrequency

【2】杨必译名利场北京:人民文学出版社,1982

oftheintemationaltrans-culturecommunication.peopleall

【3】刘必庆著.文体和翻译中国对外翻译出版社over

theworldhavemorechancesto

know

otherforeigncul.

【4】谢天振著.译介学上海外语教育出版社.

tures.Thiswillbereflectedintheliteraryworks.Undoubted-【5】孙札致中国的文学翻译从归化趋向异化中国翻译02年1月lv.thenewtranslationsofthose

well-known

works

23卷.

literary200

6年第11期安徽文学


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