考研英语辅导讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章一5 t" R7 |6 O$ W3 ]7 x7 L& Y& b
) ]5 `7 g0 x; E4 r& n7 g( g1 ?1 yBookKnowledge vs. Experience4 R3y: ?8 l. @
$ i) c0 M5 `/ p Knowledge can be acquired from many sources. Theseinclude books, teachers and practical experience, and each has its ownadvantages. The knowledge we gain from books and formal education enables us tolearn about things that we have no opportunity to experience in daily life. Wecan study all the places in the world and learn from people we will never meetin our lifetime, just by reading about them in books. We can also develop ouranalytical skills and learn how to view and interpret the world around us indifferent ways. Furthermore, we can learn from the past by reading books. Inthis way, we won’t repeat the mistakes of others and can build on theirachievements.
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1 X# Q9 n. B5 ^9 u5 x Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more usefulknowledge. It is said that one learns best by doing, and I believe that this istrue, whether one is successful or not. In fact, I think making mistakes is thebest way to learn. Moreover, if one wants to make new advances, it is necessaryto act. Innovations do not come about through reading but through experimentation.Finally, one can apply the skills and insights gained through the study ofbooks to practical experience, making an already meaningful experience moremeaningful. However, unless it is applied to real experiences, book knowledgeremains theoretical and, in the end, is useless. That is why I believe thatknowledge gained from practical experience is more important than that acquiredfrom books.
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5 o4 B' ]. G5 }+ x 参考译文：
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0 w3 a1 [( U8 C) d, [$ T 书本知识与实际经验
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* E9 X$ `6 @/ U2 ~+ H, i: ? 获得知识的来源有很多，其中包括书本、老师，以及实际经验，而每一种都有其优点。从书本上及正规教育中所获得的知识使我们知道在日常生活中没有机会亲身去体验的事。通过读书，我们可以研究世界各地的资料，还可以向不曾谋面的人学习。我们也可以培养分析的技巧，并学习如何以不同的方式去观察并理解周围的世界。此外，我们可以通过读书，从历史中获取教训。如此一来，就不会再重复别人的错误，并且能够以他人的成就作为我们行动的基础。: J- H. v* t6 s
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另一方面，实际经验能够给我们更多有用的知识。大家都说从做中学的效果最好，我也认为的确如此，无论一个人成功与否。事实上，我认为犯错是最好的学习方式。此外，如果想要有新的进展，就必须要付诸行动。想要创新，只靠阅读是不够的，必须要去实践。最后，我们可以将通过读书所获得的技巧和见解应用于实际经验中，使得原本有意义的经验变得更有意义。不过，除非我们能将书本知识运用于实际经验中，否则书本知识终究仍只是理论，毫无用处。那就是为什么我会认为从实际经验中获得的知识比从书本中所得到的知识更为重要。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章三$ Q0 }+ W {4 f
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Living Longer+ V' y7 N0 A6 W
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In the past it was not uncommon for aman to die at forty, having lived a full life. But now we consider a lifespanof forty years to be very short. It is not unusual for people to live intotheir eighties and nineties, and some even reach 100. What’s more, people areliving long, healthy lives and are active well into their “golden years”. Mankind’s longevity is due mainly to advances in science andtechnology. Medical breakthroughs have eradicated many fatal diseases that wereonce common. Perhaps more importantly, better general health means that peopleare less likely to contract infections in the first place. Better health alsohelps people prevent slowly debilitating conditions, such as heart disease,which can take their lives at an early age. And as civilization has advanced,our living environment and sources of food have become more sanitary.Furthermore, work is now safer and not as taxing on the human body. We do notwear out after just a few years of very hard work.( W! n: N( E# o( ?
There are many reasons why people are now living longer than ever before. Butwhat is more important is that they are living better as they live longer. Itis my opinion that we have scientific and technological development to thankfor this progress.
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/ W- @& f+ [" B4 p参考译文：4 C4 n9 D) M, v) e1x% u4 c% K/ N% X
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活得更久
1 a1 C! ~3 N1 c) }2 M! M3 I$ J 以前的人活到40岁就过完一生而死亡是很平常的。但是现在，我们认为40岁的寿命很短。人们活到八十几岁、九十几岁，有些甚至到100岁，是很平常的。而且，人们还能活得久而且又健康，精力充沛地迈入他们的“黄金时代”（退休期）。
2 _& P8 {. R4 w4 r- s) G 人类会长寿主要是因为科学及科技的进步。医学上的重大突破已经根除了以前十分普遍的致命疾病。而更重要的也许是，大众健康的改善首先意味着人们不大可能得传染病。人们变得更健康也有助于预防罹患一些会使身体状况日益衰弱的疾病，例如心脏病。这些疾病常会夺走年轻的生命。又因为文明的进步，我们的生活环境以及食物来源已经变得比较卫生。此外，现在的工作比较安全，且对人体而言没有那么繁重。我们不会因为只辛苦工作几年就变得疲惫不堪。
2 t2 t$ y# y5 E$ Z. U' O 现代人比以前长寿的原因有很多，但更重要的是，人们活得更久，而且也活得更好。我的看法是，我们的进步得益于科学和科技的发展。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章四! N5 P7 {& I7 i1 E% C
The Media and Famous People! |8q" \0 i( [/ C& j+ i! \( d
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In almost every form of media,including television, newspapers and magazines, a great deal of attention ispaid to the personal lives of celebrities. It seems that the public cannot getenough of this kind of news. However, I believe that the media have aresponsibility to present a balanced view of the world, as well as respect thelives of public figures. Therefore, I believe that the media pay too muchattention to the personal lives of famous people.
7 Z' G" p& D% L8 E% M4 y For people who are fascinated with the lives of public figures thereare some forms of media devoted exclusively to this topic. They can satisfytheir curiosity by buying fan magazines and watching TV shows devoted toentertainment news. The general media should present all types of informationbecause people have different interests. Furthermore, the practice of dwellingon the private lives of celebrities can lead people to pay more attention tothese matters than they otherwise would. Perhaps most importantly, the mediashould respect the privacy of every individual, including public figures. Theymay have chosen to be in the public eye, but that does not give the public theright to know everything about them. Moreover, many stories about celebrities areuntrue; they are only gossip reported to increase sales of magazines and othermedia. They are unfair to the famous and mislead the public.
5 K3 N: t+ A: t1 g w# }8 ]*x! {" \2 } O For all of thesereasons, I believe that the media should pay more attention to matters otherthan the private lives of public figures. In this way, they can appeal to awider audience and encourage people to develop other interests. In my opinion,the media currently pay too much attention to the private lives of public figures.
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媒体与名人( D7^& A, x' M! }9 z; |; M1 T8 A
几乎每一种媒体，包括电视、报纸和杂志，都把许多焦点放在名人的私生活上。一般大众似乎对这种新闻一直很感兴趣。然而，我认为媒体有责任以公正无偏袒的观点报导时事，以及尊重公众人物的生活。因此，我认为媒体的确过度关注名人的私生活。
) `. y& [ f; Q+ e"R3 L4 G0 d+ P) i 因为有些人对于公众人物的私生活十分着迷，所以有些媒体就专做这个主题。通过购买针对歌迷或影迷所发行的杂志和观看电视节目的娱乐新闻，就能满足这些歌迷和影迷的好奇心。一般媒体应该提供所有类型的资讯，因为人们的兴趣各不相同。此外，老是强调名人的私生活，会使人们比平常更注意这些事情。或许最重要的是，媒体应该尊重个人的隐私，包括公众人物的隐私。他们可能选择公开露面或上传播媒体，但那并不表示大众有权知道他们的一切。此外，许多关于名人的报导并不真实；那些报导只不过是被用来增加杂志销售量以及其他媒体业绩的八卦传闻。那些不实的报导不仅对名人不公平，也会误导大众。 D# D, t. i4 g' e# N2 P
基于这些理由，我认为媒体应该多注意公众人物私生活以外的事情。如此一来，媒体就能吸引更广大的受众群，并且鼓励人们培养其他的兴趣。依我之见，目前的媒体的确过度关注公众人物及他们的私生活。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章五- c7 U0 X3 L4 }5 E2 r4 ?8 t
Human Activity and the Earth
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There is no doubt that human activityhas an effect on the planet. We see the evidence of mankind’s endeavors allaround us. While some of man’s accomplishments, such as the building oftransportation systems and the consistent supply of potable water, have madeEarth a better place for people to live, they have not come without cost.Overall, it seems that human activity harms the Earth more than it benefits it.8 Y& ~$ A6 o' i. f* {
For example, the transportationsystems that benefit mankind also create pollution and use up valuable energyresources. While we cannot do without transportation these days, we cannotignore the fact that it has an adverse effect on the planet. Furthermore, thoseadvances that benefit people do not benefit al the life on Earth. Deforestationendangers many animals, and mankind’s great thirst for water and otherresources leads to the extinction of many plant forms. In addition,accomplishments such as the supply of potable water to a community are onlyresponse to problems that mankind created in the past. It was man that made thewater unfit to drink in the first place. Finally, the damage that humanactivity causes will eventually have a negative effect on people. They willalso suffer the effects of pollution and diminishing natural resources.: K; ?$ g: v! E# I7 x
In conclusion, it seems apparent thatman’s activity benefits primarily himself, not the Earth. Moreover, thosebenefits are only short-term advantages, and man will also suffer the negativeeffects of his activity in the future. The Earth does not have an inexhaustiblesupply of resources, so every effort should be made to conserve resources andlimit the impact of human activity on the planet.
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4 s2 N3 K; @; E8 m% l$ z 参考译文：
4 x* q4 y3 _- |0 g0 F' ?+ ?' ~" K人类活动与地球# a7 N# B' Z+ L9 ?8 Y
人类活动无疑会对地球造成影响。我们周围随处可见人类活动的迹象。虽然人类某些成就，如运输系统的建立以及饮用水持续的供应等，使得地球成为一个更适合的人类居住的地方，但这些成就的取得也付出了代价。总体上，对地球而言，人类的活动似乎弊多于利。
8 A' ^$ m9 P- b; q- T 例如，运输系统对人类有利，却会制造污染，并用尽珍贵的能源。现在我们虽然不能没有运输工具，却也不能忽视运输工具对地球有不良影响的事实。此外，使人类获益的这些进步不一定能使地球上所有生物都获益。砍伐森林危及许多动物，而人类对水和其他资源的需求极大，因而导致许多植物绝种。再者，像供应社区饮水的这类成就，就只是人类在为过去所制造的问题做出回应而已。是人类自己首先使水变得不适合饮用的。最后，人类活动所导致的损害终究会对人类本身产生负面的影响。污染及日益减少的天然资源所造成的影响也会使人类受害。
# S" i& s- d; Z3 {% y$ w 总之，人类的活动显然主要仅对人类自己有利，但却对地球不利。而且，那些益处是短暂的，将来人类还是会因自己的行为所造成的负面影响而受害。地球上的资源并不是取之不尽、用之不竭的，所以我们应该尽全力保存资源，限制人类活动对地球的冲击。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章之六
7 R" F9 W, |5 c0 Y1 V0 A1 }; D4 ^TheAdvantages of Saving Money
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, y! n9 C! L" n) s3 l7 o Everyone must work to live, but many people are fortunate enough tomake more money than they immediately need. What should they do with this extraincome? While it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire,I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for thefuture.# Z' ^9 G0 h$ N4 h+@3 [
By saving money, people givethemselves more security. They cannot predict the future; perhaps one day theywill be jobless. At a time like this their savings can spare them a great dealof suffering and help to see them through the hard time. In addition, savingmoney allows people to build up a larger sum. They can then buy something moreworthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money rightaway. For example, they may be able to buy a house with their savings. Finally,he practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals andplanning for their future. In this way they are bound to lead more meaningfuland successful lives.
$ Q5 ?% y8 m5 i/ C, Z) ~ Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately. Nobodylikes to wait for the things that he wants. However, if we learn to save ourmoney, we can gain more advantages in the future. We will lead more secure and,thus, happier lives. We will also be able to buy the things we truly want butcannot afford right now.8 a,k& M, Y8 @/ p+ F
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- g" s: |* n% A, [% c2 a0 \# |存钱的好处1 x8 n9 o o) I* @) ?) ^
每个人都必须工作以求生存，但是有许多人很幸运，能够赚得比他们立即需要的还要多的钱。他们应该如何处理这些额外的收入呢？尽管把钱全花在自己想买的东西上是很诱人的，但我认为最好至少把一部分的额外收入存起来，以备将来之需。
( E) }& U$ h4 R) h* N" b# z 通过存钱，人们能获得更多的安全感。未来是无法预测的，或许有一天我们会失业。碰到像这样的情况，存款可以让我们免去许多痛苦，帮助我们渡过难关。此外，存钱可以使人积累较多的钱，可以用于买更有价值的东西，比马上把钱花掉所能买到的东西更有用。例如，我们可以用存款买房子。最后，存钱能帮助我们培养设定目标及为未来作计划的习惯。如此一来，我们一定会过着更有意义并且更成功的生活。5 h! T+ X: Z) R7 W$ ?8 Q v8 y
大部分的人会想要马上享用手边的钱。没有人想等到以后再买想要的东西。然而，如果我们学会存钱，未来可以获得更多的好处。我们将过着更有安全感而且更快乐的生活。我们也能购买我们真正想要但现在无法负担的东西。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章七: T, e5 E) |8 f4 B! m
Never, Never Give Up8 \. h( {& I'A* n( _
% {5 }, d3 S: j' ^ We often hear people say, “Never give up.” These can beencouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in themwill keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In myopinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have.Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.7 H( w2 B f2 k4 |/ N- w
One reason is that if we give up tooeasily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail inour first attempt at something new, so we should not feel discouraged andshould try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not beable to develop new skills and grow as people. Another reason we should nevergive up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort. Ifwe do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. Finally, we shouldnever give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, andthis confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives. If we neverchallenge ourselves, we will begin to doubt our abilities.+ r; P3 C8 r0 c' o/ M, Y: k. k
In short, it is important that we donot give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not,we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, moreconfident people. Furthermore, if we give up, we have non chance of attainingour goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeedone day.' M+ B7 i: M( f8 s
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4 k. f/ H7 W8 w* e3 ?) {永不放弃
m& f Z; N1o1 {; u! g 我们常听到人们说：“永远不要放弃。”这句话可能是要鼓励别人，也可能是表示自己的决心。相信自己的人，不管经历多少次失败，都会不断试着要达到目标。我认为，有成功的决心是每个人都应该有的重要特质。因此，我认为我们应该永不放弃。- {( J( t0 H' R+ {) g- o
其中一个理由是，如果我们太轻易放弃，就几乎无法完成任何事。我们第一次尝试新事物会失败，这是很平常的事，所以我们不应感到气馁，而应该要再试一次。而且，如果我们总是一失败就放弃，就无法培养新技能并且不断地成长。我们应该永不放弃的另一个原因是，只有再努力一次才能从错误中学习。如果我们不再试一次，那么我们所学到的教训就白白浪费了。最后，我们应该永不放弃，因为当我们努力达到目标的时候，我们就会培养出自信，而这种自信将有助于我们在生活的其他领域中获得成功。如果我们不挑战自我，我们就会开始怀疑自己的能力。
; T, ?: b o) ?) R% E7 e 简言之，当我们努力追求目标时，永不放弃是很重要的。不管最后有没有成功，我们都会学到一些东西，而我们所学到的东西，将会使自己成为一个更好、更有自信的人。而且，如果放弃的话，我们就没有机会达到目标。但是如果能不断地尝试，总有一天我们一定会有机会成功的。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章八
The Effects of Technology on Learning
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The technological advances of the lastfew years have been amazing. Never before have students had such a wide varietyof resources to help them in their studies. Those who can take advantage ofthese resources have the opportunity to learn about more subjects and toacquire more in-depth knowledge. In my opinion, students can indeed learn moreand learn more quickly with the help of modern technology.
9 q: f3 d! e T3 g The piece of technology most important as a learning tool must bethe computer. Paired with the Internet, it allows students to research topicsmore quickly and thoroughly and to write up their findings more rapidly aswell. Furthermore, advances in many fields are being made so fast these daysthat it is impossible four textbooks to keep up. Technology allows students tokeep abreast of the latest developments. Also, it cannot be denied that manystudents enjoy using such resources in their studies. Because of this, they aremore likely to pursue subjects in greater depth.$ x' N# ~( N# V. p% y' {0 R6 ^$ ? Y
For all these reasons, I believe thattechnology is of great benefit to today's students. Of course, it is stillpossible to learn without the aid of such devices, but I believe that thosestudents who are fortunate enough to have access to technological resourcesshould take every advantage of them.
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参考译文：
3 _; ?6 j& \3 o- t8 q/ E2 a科技对学习的影响
` [' Y' j!T f 近几年来，科技方面的进步相当惊人。学生从来没有过这么多各种各样的资源来帮助他们学习。能够利用这些资源的人有机会学习更多的课题，并获得更深入的知识。依我之见，有了现代科技的协助，学习确实能够学得更多，而且学得更快。# o% ?. U1 e8 n5 W9 S5 Q+ V2 n. l
科技上最重要的学习工具非电脑莫属。电脑搭配互联网的使用，使得学生能够更快速、更彻底地研究他们的课题，也能更迅速地详细写出他们的发现。此外，目前许多领域都进步神速，教科书根本不可能跟得上，而科技让学生能够跟得上最新的发展。并且，不可否认的是，许多学生在学习时也非常喜欢使用这样的资源。这样，他们较有可能更深入地研究各种课题。
- t0 e9 j. {" R6 `( f6 h. ~: o7 ^ 基于这些理由，我相信科技对现今的学生有极大的帮助。当然，没有这些设备的协助也是有可能学习的。但我认为，那些有幸能够使用科技资源的学生都应该善于利用这些资源。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章九" }' A9 v# h, g" Z' j! B# x8 E
Saving Land for Endangered Animals.K4 I" V0 a: y* _% m
2 c+ P2 q$ S W2 l7 p There is only so much land on the earth, and so what wecan do with it is limited. Some people believe that human needs for farmland,housing and industry should come first, while others believe that some landshould be set aside for endangered animals. I am of the opinion that we shouldreserve some land for the world’s animals for the following reasons.
7 m- u" ]3 |2 S2 v* b( _& L- p First, mankind’s need for land is constantly growing. If the demandis not checked in some way, humans will eventually develop all of the earth’savailable land. At that time, mankind will have no more room to grow, and allthe wild animals will have disappeared, as well as other valuable resources.Second, humans are able to innovate and can use the land that they alreadypossess in more efficient ways. Animals are unable to do this. Once their landis taken away from them they will die. Third and last, endangered animals arean important part of the biodiversity of our planet. If they disappear, wecannot predict what the effect will be. Therefore, we should treat such animalsas a valuable resource to be protected.
! o0 f1 j4 I: j: j To sum up, the world’s endangered animals are an important resourceand we should protect them by setting aside some land for them. Althoughmankind’s need for land continues to grow, people are intelligent and inventiveenough to put the land they have to better use. In this way, we can have enoughland for farming, housing and industry, and preserve the biodiversity of theplanet at the same time. x1Y' Q- ]. N# Y% y' h4 E
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% F4 ?7 `' {' L5 t4 t保留土地给濒临绝种的动物/ y3 i% Z# l0 b1 p) \: E
地球上的土地就只有这么多，所以我们可以利用土地的方式有限。有些人认为人类对于耕地、居住以及工业的需求应该摆在第一位，但是有人则认为，有些土地应该留给濒临绝种的动物。我的看法是，基于下列的理由，我们应该保留一些土地给地球上的动物。# ?1 i( _2 I8 d4 s) J
首先，人类对土地的需求在不断增加。如果这些需求不以某种方式来加以抑制，人类最后将会开发完地球上所有可用的土地。到那时候，人类将没有栽种作物的空间，而且全部的野生动物将会和其他宝贵的资源一样消失殆尽。其次，人类可以创新并且以更有效率的方式来使用已经拥有的土地，动物则无法做到这一点。一旦土地被剥夺，它们就会死亡。第三点，也是最后一点，濒临绝种的动物是我们地球上物种多元性的重要组成部分。如果它们消失了，我们无法预测将会造成什么样有影响。因此，我们应该把这些动物视为需要保护的珍贵资源。/ |- s9 q2 J' `! W+ k# X
总之，全世界濒临绝种的动物都是一项重要的资源，我们应该加以保护，并且保留一些土地给它们。虽然人类对于土地的需求在持续增加，但人类很聪明，而且具有创造力，能够更充分利用所拥有的土地。如此一来，我们会有足够的土地耕种、居住，并用来发展工业，而且能同时保持地球物种的多元性。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章之十
' T) y% [0 @+ F; Q$ HAnImportant Skill# |8a0 z6 Q! Q8 w) s: c6 m8 p
( G' w# `+ i) H- ^7 ] The world today is a very competitive place. Therefore,it is necessary to develop some skills to increase one’s chances of success.Many skills, for example, leadership, a second language, and technical skillssuch as computer programming, are very useful today. However, I believe thatthe most useful skill is the ability to communicate well with others.2 p" `; k& X0 p9 G$ B
It is impossible to overstate theimportance of good communication skills. In today’s society we have to workcooperatively with others. A good communicator finds it easier to put forth hisideas clearly. In this way there will be fewer misunderstandings, which canlead to bad feelings as well as lost time and effort. In addition, a person withgood communication skills is a good mediator and negotiator. He or she can playa valuable role in resolving disputes and enhancing cooperation. This meansthat a good communicator is often a natural leader. Finally, with goodcommunication skills, it is easier to persuade others to accept your point ofview. Having your views and plans approved of by others is a vital step on theway to success.
1 O- e, i4 e0 \ For all the above reasons, it is my belief that strong communicationskills are the most important to have. Good communication is important in allsituations, so a skillful communicator will always be in high demand. "
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1 y: m# b; a+ `0 ^/ N6 B$ t, f 参考译文：; i' w( }# j/ p- L( H
一项重要的技能
, P6 I3 J! d. R% i: c 现今的世界竞争十分激烈，因此，必须培养一些技能以增加自己成功的机会。许多技能，如领导能力、第二语言能力，以及技术能力，如电脑程式设计等，现在都非常有用。然而，我认为最有用的技能是擅长和别人沟通的能力。
* J' x8 h5 R; d" N! O" T0 y 良好的沟通技巧，其重要性再怎么强调也不为过。在现今的社会中，我们必须与他人合作。擅长沟通的人比较容易能将自己的意见清楚地表达出来。如此一来，便能减少误会，以免造成不良的感觉，甚至浪费时间和力气。此外，具有良好沟通技巧的人会是一个优秀的调停者与协商者，在解决纷争、加强合作时可以扮演重要的角色。这就表示，善于沟通的人常常就是天生的领导者。最后，具有良好的沟通技巧使你比较容易说服别人来接受你的观点，而你的意见和计划能被别人认同是迈向成功很重要的一步。3 F* o: u: l; }0 ~3 V* V' W$ `
基于上述理由，我相信，卓越的沟通技巧是最重要的必备技能。良好的沟通在所有的情况中都非常重要。所以，善于沟通的人总是非常受欢迎的。
考研英语辅导讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章一5 t" R7 |6 O$ W3 ]7 x7 L& Y& b
) ]5 `7 g0 x; E4 r& n7 g( g1 ?1 yBookKnowledge vs. Experience4 R3y: ?8 l. @
$ i) c0 M5 `/ p Knowledge can be acquired from many sources. Theseinclude books, teachers and practical experience, and each has its ownadvantages. The knowledge we gain from books and formal education enables us tolearn about things that we have no opportunity to experience in daily life. Wecan study all the places in the world and learn from people we will never meetin our lifetime, just by reading about them in books. We can also develop ouranalytical skills and learn how to view and interpret the world around us indifferent ways. Furthermore, we can learn from the past by reading books. Inthis way, we won’t repeat the mistakes of others and can build on theirachievements.
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1 X# Q9 n. B5 ^9 u5 x Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more usefulknowledge. It is said that one learns best by doing, and I believe that this istrue, whether one is successful or not. In fact, I think making mistakes is thebest way to learn. Moreover, if one wants to make new advances, it is necessaryto act. Innovations do not come about through reading but through experimentation.Finally, one can apply the skills and insights gained through the study ofbooks to practical experience, making an already meaningful experience moremeaningful. However, unless it is applied to real experiences, book knowledgeremains theoretical and, in the end, is useless. That is why I believe thatknowledge gained from practical experience is more important than that acquiredfrom books.
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5 o4 B' ]. G5 }+ x 参考译文：
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0 w3 a1 [( U8 C) d, [$ T 书本知识与实际经验
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* E9 X$ `6 @/ U2 ~+ H, i: ? 获得知识的来源有很多，其中包括书本、老师，以及实际经验，而每一种都有其优点。从书本上及正规教育中所获得的知识使我们知道在日常生活中没有机会亲身去体验的事。通过读书，我们可以研究世界各地的资料，还可以向不曾谋面的人学习。我们也可以培养分析的技巧，并学习如何以不同的方式去观察并理解周围的世界。此外，我们可以通过读书，从历史中获取教训。如此一来，就不会再重复别人的错误，并且能够以他人的成就作为我们行动的基础。: J- H. v* t6 s
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另一方面，实际经验能够给我们更多有用的知识。大家都说从做中学的效果最好，我也认为的确如此，无论一个人成功与否。事实上，我认为犯错是最好的学习方式。此外，如果想要有新的进展，就必须要付诸行动。想要创新，只靠阅读是不够的，必须要去实践。最后，我们可以将通过读书所获得的技巧和见解应用于实际经验中，使得原本有意义的经验变得更有意义。不过，除非我们能将书本知识运用于实际经验中，否则书本知识终究仍只是理论，毫无用处。那就是为什么我会认为从实际经验中获得的知识比从书本中所得到的知识更为重要。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章三$ Q0 }+ W {4 f
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Living Longer+ V' y7 N0 A6 W
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In the past it was not uncommon for aman to die at forty, having lived a full life. But now we consider a lifespanof forty years to be very short. It is not unusual for people to live intotheir eighties and nineties, and some even reach 100. What’s more, people areliving long, healthy lives and are active well into their “golden years”. Mankind’s longevity is due mainly to advances in science andtechnology. Medical breakthroughs have eradicated many fatal diseases that wereonce common. Perhaps more importantly, better general health means that peopleare less likely to contract infections in the first place. Better health alsohelps people prevent slowly debilitating conditions, such as heart disease,which can take their lives at an early age. And as civilization has advanced,our living environment and sources of food have become more sanitary.Furthermore, work is now safer and not as taxing on the human body. We do notwear out after just a few years of very hard work.( W! n: N( E# o( ?
There are many reasons why people are now living longer than ever before. Butwhat is more important is that they are living better as they live longer. Itis my opinion that we have scientific and technological development to thankfor this progress.
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/ W- @& f+ [" B4 p参考译文：4 C4 n9 D) M, v) e1x% u4 c% K/ N% X
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活得更久
1 a1 C! ~3 N1 c) }2 M! M3 I$ J 以前的人活到40岁就过完一生而死亡是很平常的。但是现在，我们认为40岁的寿命很短。人们活到八十几岁、九十几岁，有些甚至到100岁，是很平常的。而且，人们还能活得久而且又健康，精力充沛地迈入他们的“黄金时代”（退休期）。
2 _& P8 {. R4 w4 r- s) G 人类会长寿主要是因为科学及科技的进步。医学上的重大突破已经根除了以前十分普遍的致命疾病。而更重要的也许是，大众健康的改善首先意味着人们不大可能得传染病。人们变得更健康也有助于预防罹患一些会使身体状况日益衰弱的疾病，例如心脏病。这些疾病常会夺走年轻的生命。又因为文明的进步，我们的生活环境以及食物来源已经变得比较卫生。此外，现在的工作比较安全，且对人体而言没有那么繁重。我们不会因为只辛苦工作几年就变得疲惫不堪。
2 t2 t$ y# y5 E$ Z. U' O 现代人比以前长寿的原因有很多，但更重要的是，人们活得更久，而且也活得更好。我的看法是，我们的进步得益于科学和科技的发展。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章四! N5 P7 {& I7 i1 E% C
The Media and Famous People! |8q" \0 i( [/ C& j+ i! \( d
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In almost every form of media,including television, newspapers and magazines, a great deal of attention ispaid to the personal lives of celebrities. It seems that the public cannot getenough of this kind of news. However, I believe that the media have aresponsibility to present a balanced view of the world, as well as respect thelives of public figures. Therefore, I believe that the media pay too muchattention to the personal lives of famous people.
7 Z' G" p& D% L8 E% M4 y For people who are fascinated with the lives of public figures thereare some forms of media devoted exclusively to this topic. They can satisfytheir curiosity by buying fan magazines and watching TV shows devoted toentertainment news. The general media should present all types of informationbecause people have different interests. Furthermore, the practice of dwellingon the private lives of celebrities can lead people to pay more attention tothese matters than they otherwise would. Perhaps most importantly, the mediashould respect the privacy of every individual, including public figures. Theymay have chosen to be in the public eye, but that does not give the public theright to know everything about them. Moreover, many stories about celebrities areuntrue; they are only gossip reported to increase sales of magazines and othermedia. They are unfair to the famous and mislead the public.
5 K3 N: t+ A: t1 g w# }8 ]*x! {" \2 } O For all of thesereasons, I believe that the media should pay more attention to matters otherthan the private lives of public figures. In this way, they can appeal to awider audience and encourage people to develop other interests. In my opinion,the media currently pay too much attention to the private lives of public figures.
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. ~& j: u& d# h' Q# ` 参考译文：! x" E( Q! r5 c8 k1 f
媒体与名人( D7^& A, x' M! }9 z; |; M1 T8 A
几乎每一种媒体，包括电视、报纸和杂志，都把许多焦点放在名人的私生活上。一般大众似乎对这种新闻一直很感兴趣。然而，我认为媒体有责任以公正无偏袒的观点报导时事，以及尊重公众人物的生活。因此，我认为媒体的确过度关注名人的私生活。
) `. y& [ f; Q+ e"R3 L4 G0 d+ P) i 因为有些人对于公众人物的私生活十分着迷，所以有些媒体就专做这个主题。通过购买针对歌迷或影迷所发行的杂志和观看电视节目的娱乐新闻，就能满足这些歌迷和影迷的好奇心。一般媒体应该提供所有类型的资讯，因为人们的兴趣各不相同。此外，老是强调名人的私生活，会使人们比平常更注意这些事情。或许最重要的是，媒体应该尊重个人的隐私，包括公众人物的隐私。他们可能选择公开露面或上传播媒体，但那并不表示大众有权知道他们的一切。此外，许多关于名人的报导并不真实；那些报导只不过是被用来增加杂志销售量以及其他媒体业绩的八卦传闻。那些不实的报导不仅对名人不公平，也会误导大众。 D# D, t. i4 g' e# N2 P
基于这些理由，我认为媒体应该多注意公众人物私生活以外的事情。如此一来，媒体就能吸引更广大的受众群，并且鼓励人们培养其他的兴趣。依我之见，目前的媒体的确过度关注公众人物及他们的私生活。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章五- c7 U0 X3 L4 }5 E2 r4 ?8 t
Human Activity and the Earth
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There is no doubt that human activityhas an effect on the planet. We see the evidence of mankind’s endeavors allaround us. While some of man’s accomplishments, such as the building oftransportation systems and the consistent supply of potable water, have madeEarth a better place for people to live, they have not come without cost.Overall, it seems that human activity harms the Earth more than it benefits it.8 Y& ~$ A6 o' i. f* {
For example, the transportationsystems that benefit mankind also create pollution and use up valuable energyresources. While we cannot do without transportation these days, we cannotignore the fact that it has an adverse effect on the planet. Furthermore, thoseadvances that benefit people do not benefit al the life on Earth. Deforestationendangers many animals, and mankind’s great thirst for water and otherresources leads to the extinction of many plant forms. In addition,accomplishments such as the supply of potable water to a community are onlyresponse to problems that mankind created in the past. It was man that made thewater unfit to drink in the first place. Finally, the damage that humanactivity causes will eventually have a negative effect on people. They willalso suffer the effects of pollution and diminishing natural resources.: K; ?$ g: v! E# I7 x
In conclusion, it seems apparent thatman’s activity benefits primarily himself, not the Earth. Moreover, thosebenefits are only short-term advantages, and man will also suffer the negativeeffects of his activity in the future. The Earth does not have an inexhaustiblesupply of resources, so every effort should be made to conserve resources andlimit the impact of human activity on the planet.
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4 s2 N3 K; @; E8 m% l$ z 参考译文：
4 x* q4 y3 _- |0 g0 F' ?+ ?' ~" K人类活动与地球# a7 N# B' Z+ L9 ?8 Y
人类活动无疑会对地球造成影响。我们周围随处可见人类活动的迹象。虽然人类某些成就，如运输系统的建立以及饮用水持续的供应等，使得地球成为一个更适合的人类居住的地方，但这些成就的取得也付出了代价。总体上，对地球而言，人类的活动似乎弊多于利。
8 A' ^$ m9 P- b; q- T 例如，运输系统对人类有利，却会制造污染，并用尽珍贵的能源。现在我们虽然不能没有运输工具，却也不能忽视运输工具对地球有不良影响的事实。此外，使人类获益的这些进步不一定能使地球上所有生物都获益。砍伐森林危及许多动物，而人类对水和其他资源的需求极大，因而导致许多植物绝种。再者，像供应社区饮水的这类成就，就只是人类在为过去所制造的问题做出回应而已。是人类自己首先使水变得不适合饮用的。最后，人类活动所导致的损害终究会对人类本身产生负面的影响。污染及日益减少的天然资源所造成的影响也会使人类受害。
# S" i& s- d; Z3 {% y$ w 总之，人类的活动显然主要仅对人类自己有利，但却对地球不利。而且，那些益处是短暂的，将来人类还是会因自己的行为所造成的负面影响而受害。地球上的资源并不是取之不尽、用之不竭的，所以我们应该尽全力保存资源，限制人类活动对地球的冲击。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章之六
7 R" F9 W, |5 c0 Y1 V0 A1 }; D4 ^TheAdvantages of Saving Money
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, y! n9 C! L" n) s3 l7 o Everyone must work to live, but many people are fortunate enough tomake more money than they immediately need. What should they do with this extraincome? While it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire,I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for thefuture.# Z' ^9 G0 h$ N4 h+@3 [
By saving money, people givethemselves more security. They cannot predict the future; perhaps one day theywill be jobless. At a time like this their savings can spare them a great dealof suffering and help to see them through the hard time. In addition, savingmoney allows people to build up a larger sum. They can then buy something moreworthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money rightaway. For example, they may be able to buy a house with their savings. Finally,he practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals andplanning for their future. In this way they are bound to lead more meaningfuland successful lives.
$ Q5 ?% y8 m5 i/ C, Z) ~ Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately. Nobodylikes to wait for the things that he wants. However, if we learn to save ourmoney, we can gain more advantages in the future. We will lead more secure and,thus, happier lives. We will also be able to buy the things we truly want butcannot afford right now.8 a,k& M, Y8 @/ p+ F
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- g" s: |* n% A, [% c2 a0 \# |存钱的好处1 x8 n9 o o) I* @) ?) ^
每个人都必须工作以求生存，但是有许多人很幸运，能够赚得比他们立即需要的还要多的钱。他们应该如何处理这些额外的收入呢？尽管把钱全花在自己想买的东西上是很诱人的，但我认为最好至少把一部分的额外收入存起来，以备将来之需。
( E) }& U$ h4 R) h* N" b# z 通过存钱，人们能获得更多的安全感。未来是无法预测的，或许有一天我们会失业。碰到像这样的情况，存款可以让我们免去许多痛苦，帮助我们渡过难关。此外，存钱可以使人积累较多的钱，可以用于买更有价值的东西，比马上把钱花掉所能买到的东西更有用。例如，我们可以用存款买房子。最后，存钱能帮助我们培养设定目标及为未来作计划的习惯。如此一来，我们一定会过着更有意义并且更成功的生活。5 h! T+ X: Z) R7 W$ ?8 Q v8 y
大部分的人会想要马上享用手边的钱。没有人想等到以后再买想要的东西。然而，如果我们学会存钱，未来可以获得更多的好处。我们将过着更有安全感而且更快乐的生活。我们也能购买我们真正想要但现在无法负担的东西。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章七: T, e5 E) |8 f4 B! m
Never, Never Give Up8 \. h( {& I'A* n( _
% {5 }, d3 S: j' ^ We often hear people say, “Never give up.” These can beencouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in themwill keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In myopinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have.Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.7 H( w2 B f2 k4 |/ N- w
One reason is that if we give up tooeasily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail inour first attempt at something new, so we should not feel discouraged andshould try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not beable to develop new skills and grow as people. Another reason we should nevergive up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort. Ifwe do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. Finally, we shouldnever give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, andthis confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives. If we neverchallenge ourselves, we will begin to doubt our abilities.+ r; P3 C8 r0 c' o/ M, Y: k. k
In short, it is important that we donot give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not,we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, moreconfident people. Furthermore, if we give up, we have non chance of attainingour goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeedone day.' M+ B7 i: M( f8 s
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4 k. f/ H7 W8 w* e3 ?) {永不放弃
m& f Z; N1o1 {; u! g 我们常听到人们说：“永远不要放弃。”这句话可能是要鼓励别人，也可能是表示自己的决心。相信自己的人，不管经历多少次失败，都会不断试着要达到目标。我认为，有成功的决心是每个人都应该有的重要特质。因此，我认为我们应该永不放弃。- {( J( t0 H' R+ {) g- o
其中一个理由是，如果我们太轻易放弃，就几乎无法完成任何事。我们第一次尝试新事物会失败，这是很平常的事，所以我们不应感到气馁，而应该要再试一次。而且，如果我们总是一失败就放弃，就无法培养新技能并且不断地成长。我们应该永不放弃的另一个原因是，只有再努力一次才能从错误中学习。如果我们不再试一次，那么我们所学到的教训就白白浪费了。最后，我们应该永不放弃，因为当我们努力达到目标的时候，我们就会培养出自信，而这种自信将有助于我们在生活的其他领域中获得成功。如果我们不挑战自我，我们就会开始怀疑自己的能力。
; T, ?: b o) ?) R% E7 e 简言之，当我们努力追求目标时，永不放弃是很重要的。不管最后有没有成功，我们都会学到一些东西，而我们所学到的东西，将会使自己成为一个更好、更有自信的人。而且，如果放弃的话，我们就没有机会达到目标。但是如果能不断地尝试，总有一天我们一定会有机会成功的。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章八
The Effects of Technology on Learning
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The technological advances of the lastfew years have been amazing. Never before have students had such a wide varietyof resources to help them in their studies. Those who can take advantage ofthese resources have the opportunity to learn about more subjects and toacquire more in-depth knowledge. In my opinion, students can indeed learn moreand learn more quickly with the help of modern technology.
9 q: f3 d! e T3 g The piece of technology most important as a learning tool must bethe computer. Paired with the Internet, it allows students to research topicsmore quickly and thoroughly and to write up their findings more rapidly aswell. Furthermore, advances in many fields are being made so fast these daysthat it is impossible four textbooks to keep up. Technology allows students tokeep abreast of the latest developments. Also, it cannot be denied that manystudents enjoy using such resources in their studies. Because of this, they aremore likely to pursue subjects in greater depth.$ x' N# ~( N# V. p% y' {0 R6 ^$ ? Y
For all these reasons, I believe thattechnology is of great benefit to today's students. Of course, it is stillpossible to learn without the aid of such devices, but I believe that thosestudents who are fortunate enough to have access to technological resourcesshould take every advantage of them.
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参考译文：
3 _; ?6 j& \3 o- t8 q/ E2 a科技对学习的影响
` [' Y' j!T f 近几年来，科技方面的进步相当惊人。学生从来没有过这么多各种各样的资源来帮助他们学习。能够利用这些资源的人有机会学习更多的课题，并获得更深入的知识。依我之见，有了现代科技的协助，学习确实能够学得更多，而且学得更快。# o% ?. U1 e8 n5 W9 S5 Q+ V2 n. l
科技上最重要的学习工具非电脑莫属。电脑搭配互联网的使用，使得学生能够更快速、更彻底地研究他们的课题，也能更迅速地详细写出他们的发现。此外，目前许多领域都进步神速，教科书根本不可能跟得上，而科技让学生能够跟得上最新的发展。并且，不可否认的是，许多学生在学习时也非常喜欢使用这样的资源。这样，他们较有可能更深入地研究各种课题。
- t0 e9 j. {" R6 `( f6 h. ~: o7 ^ 基于这些理由，我相信科技对现今的学生有极大的帮助。当然，没有这些设备的协助也是有可能学习的。但我认为，那些有幸能够使用科技资源的学生都应该善于利用这些资源。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章九" }' A9 v# h, g" Z' j! B# x8 E
Saving Land for Endangered Animals.K4 I" V0 a: y* _% m
2 c+ P2 q$ S W2 l7 p There is only so much land on the earth, and so what wecan do with it is limited. Some people believe that human needs for farmland,housing and industry should come first, while others believe that some landshould be set aside for endangered animals. I am of the opinion that we shouldreserve some land for the world’s animals for the following reasons.
7 m- u" ]3 |2 S2 v* b( _& L- p First, mankind’s need for land is constantly growing. If the demandis not checked in some way, humans will eventually develop all of the earth’savailable land. At that time, mankind will have no more room to grow, and allthe wild animals will have disappeared, as well as other valuable resources.Second, humans are able to innovate and can use the land that they alreadypossess in more efficient ways. Animals are unable to do this. Once their landis taken away from them they will die. Third and last, endangered animals arean important part of the biodiversity of our planet. If they disappear, wecannot predict what the effect will be. Therefore, we should treat such animalsas a valuable resource to be protected.
! o0 f1 j4 I: j: j To sum up, the world’s endangered animals are an important resourceand we should protect them by setting aside some land for them. Althoughmankind’s need for land continues to grow, people are intelligent and inventiveenough to put the land they have to better use. In this way, we can have enoughland for farming, housing and industry, and preserve the biodiversity of theplanet at the same time. x1Y' Q- ]. N# Y% y' h4 E
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参考译文：
% F4 ?7 `' {' L5 t4 t保留土地给濒临绝种的动物/ y3 i% Z# l0 b1 p) \: E
地球上的土地就只有这么多，所以我们可以利用土地的方式有限。有些人认为人类对于耕地、居住以及工业的需求应该摆在第一位，但是有人则认为，有些土地应该留给濒临绝种的动物。我的看法是，基于下列的理由，我们应该保留一些土地给地球上的动物。# ?1 i( _2 I8 d4 s) J
首先，人类对土地的需求在不断增加。如果这些需求不以某种方式来加以抑制，人类最后将会开发完地球上所有可用的土地。到那时候，人类将没有栽种作物的空间，而且全部的野生动物将会和其他宝贵的资源一样消失殆尽。其次，人类可以创新并且以更有效率的方式来使用已经拥有的土地，动物则无法做到这一点。一旦土地被剥夺，它们就会死亡。第三点，也是最后一点，濒临绝种的动物是我们地球上物种多元性的重要组成部分。如果它们消失了，我们无法预测将会造成什么样有影响。因此，我们应该把这些动物视为需要保护的珍贵资源。/ |- s9 q2 J' `! W+ k# X
总之，全世界濒临绝种的动物都是一项重要的资源，我们应该加以保护，并且保留一些土地给它们。虽然人类对于土地的需求在持续增加，但人类很聪明，而且具有创造力，能够更充分利用所拥有的土地。如此一来，我们会有足够的土地耕种、居住，并用来发展工业，而且能同时保持地球物种的多元性。
考研英语讲义:推荐背诵的十篇精选文章之十
' T) y% [0 @+ F; Q$ HAnImportant Skill# |8a0 z6 Q! Q8 w) s: c6 m8 p
( G' w# `+ i) H- ^7 ] The world today is a very competitive place. Therefore,it is necessary to develop some skills to increase one’s chances of success.Many skills, for example, leadership, a second language, and technical skillssuch as computer programming, are very useful today. However, I believe thatthe most useful skill is the ability to communicate well with others.2 p" `; k& X0 p9 G$ B
It is impossible to overstate theimportance of good communication skills. In today’s society we have to workcooperatively with others. A good communicator finds it easier to put forth hisideas clearly. In this way there will be fewer misunderstandings, which canlead to bad feelings as well as lost time and effort. In addition, a person withgood communication skills is a good mediator and negotiator. He or she can playa valuable role in resolving disputes and enhancing cooperation. This meansthat a good communicator is often a natural leader. Finally, with goodcommunication skills, it is easier to persuade others to accept your point ofview. Having your views and plans approved of by others is a vital step on theway to success.
1 O- e, i4 e0 \ For all the above reasons, it is my belief that strong communicationskills are the most important to have. Good communication is important in allsituations, so a skillful communicator will always be in high demand. "
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1 y: m# b; a+ `0 ^/ N6 B$ t, f 参考译文：; i' w( }# j/ p- L( H
一项重要的技能
, P6 I3 J! d. R% i: c 现今的世界竞争十分激烈，因此，必须培养一些技能以增加自己成功的机会。许多技能，如领导能力、第二语言能力，以及技术能力，如电脑程式设计等，现在都非常有用。然而，我认为最有用的技能是擅长和别人沟通的能力。
* J' x8 h5 R; d" N! O" T0 y 良好的沟通技巧，其重要性再怎么强调也不为过。在现今的社会中，我们必须与他人合作。擅长沟通的人比较容易能将自己的意见清楚地表达出来。如此一来，便能减少误会，以免造成不良的感觉，甚至浪费时间和力气。此外，具有良好沟通技巧的人会是一个优秀的调停者与协商者，在解决纷争、加强合作时可以扮演重要的角色。这就表示，善于沟通的人常常就是天生的领导者。最后，具有良好的沟通技巧使你比较容易说服别人来接受你的观点，而你的意见和计划能被别人认同是迈向成功很重要的一步。3 F* o: u: l; }0 ~3 V* V' W$ `
基于上述理由，我相信，卓越的沟通技巧是最重要的必备技能。良好的沟通在所有的情况中都非常重要。所以，善于沟通的人总是非常受欢迎的。