一、 内科常用字汇
心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞
Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图 Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease Dysphasia 说话困难 Aphasia 失语症 Aphonia 失声
Dysphagia 吞咽困难 Gingivitis 齿龈炎 Pharyngitis 咽炎 Laryngitis 喉炎
高血压性心脏血管疾病
Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病
Hemangioma 血管瘤 Vasodilatation 血管扩张 Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 Hypertension 高血压 Hypertrophy 肥大 Hypotension 低血压 Varicose veins 静脉曲张
血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic System Adenitis 腺炎
Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病 Leukocyte 白血球
Leukocytopenia 白血球减少
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮
Splenomegaly 脾肿大 Anemia 贫血 Aseptic 无菌的 Septicemia 败血症 Hemostasis 止血 Transfusion 输血
呼吸系统 The Respiratory System
Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞 Mucosa 黏膜 Exhale 呼吸 Apnea 窒息
Tachypnea 呼吸急促 Pneumonia 肺炎 Bronchitis 支气管炎 Lung Empyema 肺积脓
消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促
Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查 Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄 Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术 Gastric cancer 胃癌 Gastritis 胃炎
Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎 Gastrorrhagia 胃出血
Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞 Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡 Peritonitis 腹膜炎 Enterorrhagia 肠出血 Enterorrhexis 肠破裂 Appendicitis 阑尾炎 Colon cancer结肠癌 Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查 Rectal cancer 直肠癌 Anal Fistual 肛门廔管 External hemorrhoid 外痔 Internal hemorrhoid 内痔 Excretion 排泄 Hepatitis 肝炎
Hepatomegaly 肝肿大 Gall Stone 胆结石 Cholelithiasis 胆石症 Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化 Ascites 腹水
内分泌系统 The Endocrine System
Glycemia 糖血症 Goiter 甲状腺肿
Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病 Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症 Bromidrosis 汗臭症
Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤
神经系统 The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化 Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血
Cerebral Edema 脑水肿 Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹
Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞 Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎
Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血 Encephalitis 脑炎
Electromyography 肌电图 Neuritis 神经炎 Epilepsy 癜痫
Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛 Rachitis 痀偻症
Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯 Spondylitis 脊椎炎 Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹 Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪
Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识
Eye opening睁眼反应 Verbal response 语言反应 Motor response 运动反应 Corneal reflex 角膜反射 Plantar reflex 膝反射 Sciatica 坐骨神经痛 Chorea 舞蹈症
Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩 Migraine 偏头痛
Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症 Brain Swelling 脑肿胀 brain Concussion 脑震荡 brain Anoxia脑缺氧症 brain Death 脑死
肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal System
Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带
Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化
Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎
Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折 Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折 Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏 Matastatic Lesion转移性损害
Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症 Amputation 截肢 Bone graft 骨移植
Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻
Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术
Range of Motion 运动范围 Varus 内翻
Chondromalacia 软骨软化症
泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System
Cystitis 膀胱炎
Circumcision 包皮环割术 Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查 Hydronephrosis 肾水肿 Renal Stone 肾结石
Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭 Cryptorchidism 隐睾症 Spermatogenesis 精子生成
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大
Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄 Dysuria 排尿困难 Hematuria 血尿 Uremia 尿毒症
Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染 Vasoligation 输精管结扎 Impotence 阳萎
特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special Senses
Audiometer 听力计 Otitis 耳炎 Otorrhea 耳漏 Tympanitis 中耳炎
Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术 Nasitis 鼻炎
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌 Rhinorrhea 鼻溢
Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物 Intraocular pressure 眼内压 Oculus Uterque 双眼 Oculus Sinister 左眼 Oculus Dexter 右眼
Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌 Ophthalmologist 眼科医师 Diplopia 复视 Myopia 近视
Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂 Corneitis 角膜炎
Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等 Retinopexy 视网膜固定术
Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落 Visual field 视野
Vocal nodular 声带结节 Dermatologist 皮肤科医师 Dermatitis 皮肤炎 Cataract 白内障 Glaucoma 青光眼 综合性字汇
Contraceptive 避孕的 Contraindication 禁忌症 Biology 生物学 Hyperemesis 剧吐 Polydipsia 剧渴
Homosexual 同性的 Heterosexual 异性的 Inject 注射 Lipoma 脂肪瘤 Lipoid 脂肪样的
Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症 Malformaiton 畸形 Malaise 不适 Necrosis 坏死 Nocturia 夜尿症 Ployuria 多尿 Narcotics 麻醉药 Hyperplasia 增殖 Dysplasia 发育不良 Dyspepsia 消化不良 Prognosis 预後 Antipyretic 解热剂 Hydrophobia 恐水症 Photophobia 畏光 Antibiotic 抗生素 Syndrome 症候群 Hydrotherapy 水疗法 Perforation 穿孔
Percussion 叩诊 Visceralgia 脏器痛 二、妇产科常用字汇 Genital 生殖的 Gynecology 妇科 Menstruation 月经 Menopause 更年期 Menorrhagia 经血过多 Amenorrhea 无月经 Dysmenorrhea 经痛 Menarche 初经
Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌 Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂 Cervicitis 子宫颈炎 Perineum 会阴
Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位 Ovary 卵巢
Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿 Ovulation 排卵 Vaginitis 阴道炎
Colposcopy 阴道镜检法 Galactocele 乳腺囊肿
Mammography 乳房X 光摄影术 Infertility 不孕症
InVitro Fertilization 体外受精 Amnion 羊膜
Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞 Hydramnion 羊水过多 Anterpartal 产前的 Antepartum 分娩前
Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样
Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称
Artificial Insemination 人工受精 Engagement 进入产位 Estrogen 动情基素 Colostrum 初乳
Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕 Corpus Luteum 黄体
Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩
Venereal Disease 性病
Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎 Laparoscope 腹腔镜 Embryo 胚胎
Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕 Primipara 初产妇
Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位
Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中 Multipara 经产妇 Parity 经产
Placenta Previa前置胎盘 Postpartum 产後
Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血 Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症 Adolescence 青春期
Basal Body Temperature 基础体温 Cesarean Section 剖腹产
Expected Date of Confinement 预产期
Fallopian Tube 输卵管 Forceps 产钳
Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块 Labor Pain阵痛
Painless Labor 无痛分娩 Molding 胎头变形
Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产
Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查
Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水
Progesterone 黄体素 Stillbrith 死产 Suture 缝合 Stump 残物
Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血 三、小儿科常用字汇 Apnea 呼吸暂停
Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血 Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形
Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘 Bronchitis 支气管炎
Cephalopematoma 头血肿 Erythema 红斑
Hypospadia 尿道下裂 Dehydration 脱水 Hydrocephalus 水脑 Hydrocele 阴囊积水 Polydactylia 多指畸形 Pyoderma 脓皮症 Sepsis 败血症 Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎 Encephalitis 脑炎
Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎
Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎
Malignant 恶性的
Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形 Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息 Cleft Palate 颚裂 Diarrhea 腹泻
Dental Caries 龋齿
Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹 Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹 Torticollis 斜颈 Vaccine 疫苗
Incubator 保温箱 Cleft lip 兔唇 Chicken pox 水痘 Club foot 畸足 Diphtheria 白喉
Dengue fever 登革热 Eczema 湿疹
Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒 German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹 Giant baby巨婴 Gonorrhea 淋病 Hepatitis B B型肝炎
Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病 Jaundice 黄疸
Mongolian spots 蒙古斑 Mumps 腮腺炎
Respiratory arrest呼吸停止 Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹 Vomiting 呕吐
四、精神科常用字汇
Mental retardation 智能不足 autism 自闭症
dement 痴呆症
alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症
alcoholism 酒瘾
substances Intoxication 物质中毒 alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒
amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒
schizophrenia 精神分裂病
delusional Disorder 妄想性病患
Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患
phobia 畏惧症
obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患
pedophilia 恋童癖 exhibitionism 暴露狂
Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖 Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患
Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症 Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症 临床症状
blunted affect 感情迟钝 silly Laughter 傻笑 apathy 冷漠 irritable 易怒的 euphoria 欣快感 depression 忧郁
ambivalence 感情矛盾 Flat Affect感情平淡
suicide attempt 自杀企图 queer behavior 怪异行为 bizarre behavior 特异行为 hypertalkative 多话 hypotalkative 少话 mutistic 不语
hyperactivity 活动过多 hypoactivity 活动过少
compulsive behavior 强迫行为 verbigeration 重复语言 catelepsy 僵直
negativism 阻抗行动 Mannerism 作态行为
destrctive behavior 破坏行为 autistic thinking 自闭性思考 poverty of speech 言语贫乏 flight of ideas 意念飞跃
loosening of association 思考连结松散
illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考 pressure speech 言语急迫 thought blocking 思考中断 incoherent 语无伦次
thought Withdrawal 思想退缩 irrelevant 答非所问 delusion 妄想
delusion of persecution 被害妄想 delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想 Phobia 恐惧症 acrophobia 惧高症 algophobia 惧痛症 sexual drive 性欲 illusion 错觉
hallucination 幻觉
auditory hallucination 听幻觉 disoreinatation 失去定向力 amnesia 记忆丧失症 confabulation 虚谈症 orientation 定向力 judgement 判断力 derealization 失真感 insight 病识感
no insight 无病识感
intellectual insight 理性的病识感 true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感 心理学名词
free association 自由联想 dream analysis 梦的解析 ego 自我 id 原我
super ego 超我
ego boundary 自我界限 libido 原欲
scapegoat 代罪羔羊
internal conflict 内在冲突 conscious 意识
unconscious 潜意识 preconscious 前意识 transference 情感转移
depersonalization 人格解体 derealization 脱离现实 neurosis 神经精神病 Psychosis 神经病
Pleasure Principle 享乐原则 Reality Principle 现实原则 Moral Principle 道德原则
Predisposing Factors 潜在因素 Precipitating Factors 诱发因素 Defense Mechanism 防卫机转 compensation 补偿作用 conversion 转化作用 denial 否认作用
displacement 转移作用 dissociation 解离作用 fantasy 幻想作用
identification 认同作用 introjection 内射作用 projection 外射作用
retionalization 合理化作用 reaction formation 反向作用 degression 退化作用 repression 潜抑作用 suppression 压抑作用 restitution 归还作用 sublimation 升华作用 substitution 取代作用 symbolism 象徵作用 undoing 抵销作用 distortion 曲解作用 isolation 隔离作用
Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗
Empathy 同理心 Resistance 阻抗
testing out behavior 试探行为 self-awareness 自我了解 separation anxiety 分离焦虑 reinforcement 增强原则 catharsis 情绪宣泄 confrontation 面质
listen 倾听 restraint 约束
physical restraint 身体的约束 chemical 药物的约束 五、各科常用缩写 A
AAD against-advice discharge 自动出院
A abdomen 腹部
ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动
A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例
AK above knee 膝上 B.
BE below elbow 肘下 BH body height 身高
b.i.d twice a day 一日两次 Bil bilateral两侧的 BK below knee 膝下
BM bowel movement 肠蠕动
BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率
BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大
BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染 BUS blood, urine, stool 血液, 小便, 大便
BW body weight 体重 C.
Ca. Carcinoma 癌
CBC complete blood count 全血球计数
CBD common bile duct 总胆管 CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血 Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部
CO cardiac output 心输出量
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术
CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎
C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法 CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞
CT Scan computerized axial I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流 tomography scan 电脑断层检查
CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外
CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压 D.
DC discontinue 停止
D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术
DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病
DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉, 百日咳, 破伤风
DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤 E.
ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图
EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图 ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉 F .
FH family history 家族史
FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音
FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧 Fr fracture 骨折 G.
GB gall bladder 胆囊
GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道 GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规
gtt. Drops 滴
GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的 GYN gynecology 妇科学 H
Hb hemoglobin 血色素
HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血 h.s. at bedtime 睡前 HT Hypertension 高血压
Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积 Hx History 病例 I
ICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿
ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房 ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤
IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压
Imp. Impression 臆断
IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的
I & O Intake and output 输入及排出 IV Intravenous 静脉内的
IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅 J
Jej. Jejunum 空肠 Jt. Joint 关节 K
Kn. Knee 膝
KUB Kidney, ureter , baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱 L.
LFT liver function test肝功能试验 LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限 LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经 M
MBD may be discharged 可出院 MN midnight 午夜 N
NKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏
NP nothing particular 并无特别的 NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌
NPO nothing by mouth 禁食 O.
OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎 OB occult blood 潜血 OBS obstetrics 产科 OP operation 手术
OPD outpatient department 门诊 Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的 OS ocular sinistro 左眼
OT occupational therapy 职能治疗 OU Both eyes 双眼 P
p.c. after meals 饭後
PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验
PE Physical examination 身体检查 PI Present illness 目前病况 p.o. by mouth 由口
PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡
PT Physical therapy 物理治疗 PTA Prior to admission 入院前
PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养 Q
Q every 每一
q.d. every day 每日 q.h every hour 每小时
q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次 q.m. every morning 每日早晨 q.n. every night 每日晚间 R
RA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
RBC red blood cell 红血球 RN registered nurse 护理师 R/O rule out 可能是
RR recovery room 恢复室
R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗 RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限 Rx take 取拿
Medication 处方 Treatment 治疗 S
Sc. Subcutaneous 皮下的 SOB short of breath 呼吸短促 SP .g.r . specific gravity 比重
S/P status/ post operation 手术後 s-s half 一半
St(stat) immediately 立刻
Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌 T
t.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次 TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸
TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺 U
URI Upper respiratory infection 上
呼吸道感染 W
WBC White blood cell 白血球
White blood count 白血球计数 Y
Y/O year old 年龄 Z zero 零
六、解剖式内外科常用字汇
The cardiovascular system 心血管系统
lungs 肺脏 venis
vessels 血管
capillaries 微血管 cardi 心脏 arteries
blood clot凝血
The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统 Blood 血液
Red blood cell 红血球 White blood cell白血球 Platelet 血小板
The Respiratory System 呼吸系统 Bronchial tube主支气管 Alveoii 气泡 Pharynx 咽 Larynx 喉 Trachea 气管 Lung 肺
Bronchioles 小支气管 Pleura 胸膜 Chest 胸 Air 气
The Digestive System 消化系统 Lips 唇 teeth 牙齿 tongue 舌 bile duct 胆管 gallbladder 胆囊 duodenum 十二指肠 jejunum 空肠 ileum 回肠
appendix 阑尾
small intestine小肠 large intestine大肠 rectum 直肠 anus 肛门 pancreas 胰 stomach 胃 esophagus 食道 pharynx 咽
The Endocrine System Glands 腺体 Adrenals 肾上腺 Pancreas 胰 Pituitary 脑下腺
Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺
Breasts 乳房 Ovaries 卵巢 Testes 睾丸
The Nervous System Brain 脑
Spinal cord 脊髓 Vertebra 脊椎 Cranium 颅腔 Meninges 脑膜 Nerves 神经
The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统
Skull 头骨 Clavicle 锁骨 Sternum 胸骨 Ribs 助骨 Joints 关节 Ligaments 韧带 Tendons 肌腱 Cartilage 软骨
The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统 Cortex 皮质 Urinary 膀胱 Urethra 尿道 Ureters 输尿管 Kidney 肾脏
Renal pelvis 肾孟
Vas deferens精管 Urinary bladder 膀胱 prostate gland前列腺 scrotum 阴囊 testis 睾丸 penis 阴茎 urethra 尿道
The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官
Acoustic nerve听神经 Ear 耳朵
Hearing 听觉的 tube 耳咽管 Eardrum 耳骨膜 Eustachian 欧式管 Nasal cavities鼻腔 Nose 鼻 Eyelid 眼睑 Lens 晶球体 Carnea 角膜 Tear duct泪管 Conjunctiva 结膜 Choroid layer 脉络膜 Retina 视网膜 Sclera 巩膜
Optic nerve视神经
Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇
Fallopian tube输卵管 Ovary 卵巢 Uterus 子宫 Vagina 阴道
Vulva 女阴(外生殖器官) 脑部系统
cerebrum 大脑
corpus callosum 胼胝体 thalamus 视丘 cerebellum 小脑 diencephalon 间脑
cerebral peduncles大脑脚 infundibulum 漏斗 hypophysis 脑下垂体 midbrain 中脑 pons 桥脑
medulla 延脑 brain stem 脑干 眼球构造 pupil 瞳孔
suspensory ligaments 悬韧带 ciliary process捷状突 retinal veins网膜静脉 retinal arteries网膜动脉 optic nerve视神经
anterior chamber前眼房 posterior chamber 後眼房 iris 虹膜
vitreous body 玻璃状体
internal rectus muscle 内直肌 lacrimal puncta泪孔
lacrimal canaliculi泪小管 lacrimal gland 泪腺
excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管 eyebrow 眉毛 耳朵构造 cochlea 耳蜗
eustachian tube 耳咽管 helix 耳壳
tympanic membrance 鼓膜 external auditory canal 外耳道 semicircular canals半规管 malleus 锤骨
vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔
gingiva 齿龈 molars 大臼齿 premolars 小臼齿 canines 犬齿 incisors 门齿
vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭 upper lip 上唇
upper lip frenulum 上唇系带 alveolar provess齿槽突 hard palate硬颚
palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺
sublingual caruncle 舌下阜 七、癌症相关单字 1. gastric cancer胃癌
2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌
3. colon cancer结肠癌 4. rectal cancer直肠癌
5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌
6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌 7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌 8. lung cancer肺癌
9. esophageal cancer食道癌 10. bladder cancer膀胱癌 11. laryngl caner喉癌 12. ovarian cancer软巢癌 13. liver cancer肝癌 14. skin cancer皮肤癌 15. breast cancer乳癌 16. leukemia血癌 17. bone cancer骨癌 18. brain tumor脑癌 19. heart disease 心脏病 20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤 八、医院内常见单字 Hospital 医院
Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校 (nursing home) Private convalescence
hospital 慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院
(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方
Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科
Resident in medicine 内科住院医师 Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)
Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)
House officer 医院医师的称呼
Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生) Extern 医院实习生
Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生
Student nurse 护理学生
Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士
Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证
Supervisor 督导护士 Head nurse护士长
Scrub nurse 手术助理护士
Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生 Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)
Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人 Ambulantory patient 住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)
Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病) Paretic 麻痹患者
Malpractice 诊疗错误 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房 station 护理站 por 恢复室
Patient 患者, 病人 Narcotic 麻醉药 Nurse 护士 Doctor 医生
Internist 内科医生 Surgeon 外科医生 Dentist 牙科医生
Gynecologist 妇科医生 Orthopedist 骨科医生 Oculist 眼科医生
Pediatrician 小儿科医生 Psychiatrist 精神病医生 Intern 实习医生
Examination table 诊疗台 Clinical thermometer 体温计 Stethoscope 听诊器 Reflector 反光镜
X-ray checkup X 光检查 X-ray photograph X光像片 Operation 手术 Scalpel 手术刀 Syringe 针筒
Hypodermic needle 注射针
Injection 注射 Ice bag 冰袋
Fixation forceps 固定镊 Medicine, drug药品 Bandage 绷带
Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉 Gauze 纱布 Mask 口罩
Wheel chair 轮椅 Crutches 柺杖 Ambulance 救护车 Stretcher 担架 Chart 病历表 Prescription 处方 Blood pressure 血压 Blood type 血型
Artificial respiration 人工呼吸 Pill 药丸 Capsule 胶囊 Ointment 软膏
Iodine tincture 碘酒 Sedative 镇静剂
Intensive care unit 加护病房
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术
Intravenous drip 点滴 Chemotherapy 化学治疗
Computerized Topography电脑断层 magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振
Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局 Fracture 骨折 Gypsum 石膏
九、病历表内常见单字
Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页, 摘要表
History sheet 病历表
Physical examination sheet 身体检查表
Physician's order sheet 医嘱单
Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录
Laboratory reports 检验报告
Radiographic reports X光检查报告 Nursing notes 护理记录 Graphic chart 图式病历
Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要 Operation report 手术报告 Anesthesia record 麻醉记录 Consultation sheet 会诊单
Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录
Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书
Emergency room record 急诊室记录 住院病历表
身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data)
admission date 住院日期
hospital number = chart number 病历号码
room number 病房号码 name sex age
birth date birth place
marital status = civil status 婚姻状况 address occupation
empolyer 雇主公司行号
health insurance number 医疗保险号码
referring physician 转介医生 各系统的表现状况--全身状态 违和感
malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort) feel unwell (ill, poorly) 疲劳感. 倦怠感 lassitude fatigue tiredness weariness languor
lack of energy (vigor)
listlessness exhaustion worn-out
虚脱 无力状态 weakness feebleness
lack (loss) of strength debility
powerlessness
prostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion) asthenia 睡眠状态 sleep
slumber (=light sleep) a nap (=a short sleep)
a doze (= a light or fitful sleep) 入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep
小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse
欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic
睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence
摧睡 become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)
睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep
失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep 失眠症的人 insomniac
熟睡 sound (profound) sleep
睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken 作梦 dream 恶梦 nightmare
梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism
梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker 体重方面(weight ; body weight) 体重为 weigh~ ; be ~ in weight 最高 maximum 最低 minimum 平均 average
最适 optimum 现在 present
体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight 体重增加 weight gain ; gain in 胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain
胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain
腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) weight ; increase in weight 瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny
瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation) 肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty
体温状况(body temperature 量体温 take one's temperature
发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature
发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial
无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial
发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit 寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills
退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit
发汗 sweating ; perspiration 弛张热 remittent fever 间歇热 intermittent fever 连续热 continuous fever 危险期 by crisis 转轻期 by lysis 疼痛方面
偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;
後头部痛 occipital pain 侧头部痛 temporal pain 前头部痛 frontal pain
头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia 咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia 眼痛 have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart) 齿痛 toothache 胸痛 chest pain
心前部痛 precordial pain 心绞痛 anginal pain
ache
上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium
上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain 下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain
左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain 侧腹部痛 flank pain 背痛 backache
腰痛 low backache ; lumbago 关节痛 joint pain
肌肉痛 muscular pain 神经痛 neuralgia
绞痛 colic ; colicky pain
胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic 肾石痛 renal colic
痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic
博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain
转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation
牵连痛 referred pain
电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain
带状痛 girdle pain 神经根性痛 root pain 空腹痛 hunger pain 夜间痛 nocturnal pain 自发痛 spontaneous pain 压痛 tenderness
固定痛fixed (steady) pain 灼热痛 burning pain
刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing 分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking 撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ; 钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;
剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe
不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping
擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore 针刺痛 pricking ; pricking 呼吸器管和循环器管系统 呼吸 breath ; respiration
呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea
呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath 深呼吸 breathe deeply
叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath 喘息 pant
端坐呼吸 orthopnea
劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)
夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea 呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing
喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing 打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze
打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus 咳嗽 cough
阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal 清喉 clear the throat
乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough
有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum
喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate 喀血 hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration
粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum
浓喀痰 frothy sputum
泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum 脓性喀痰 purulent sputum 血性喀痰 bloody sputum
混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum 绿色喀痰 greenish sputum 锈色喀痰 rusty sputum 感冒 common cold
流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe 上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.) 胸膜炎 pleruisy 气喘 asthma 心悸 palpitation
悸动 palpitate ; throb
脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat) 速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia 徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia
高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension
心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill
狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris) 心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)
动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis
血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood
间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication 消化器官系统
食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia 食欲增进 increase (improvement) of appetite
无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite
食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite
丧失食欲 lose one's apptite 空腹 an empty stomach 咀嚼 chewing ; mastication 吞咽 swallow gulp
吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia
嗳气 打噎 belching ; eructation 打酸噎 sour eructation
心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash
逆流 regugitation
恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling
感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting
呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew
呕吐物 vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter
咖啡渣 coffee-grounds 消化 digestion
消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia 腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness
腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling 黄疸 jaundice ; icterus 腹水 ascites
通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ; 下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ; 便秘 constipation
水状watery stool (feces) 血状 bloody stool 柏油状 tarry stool 泥状 mushy stool 软状 loose stool 硬状 hard stool
呈固状 formed stool
呈半固状 semiformed stool 大便失禁 fecal incontinence
放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus
泌尿与生殖器官系统
排尿 urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate 尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate 尿急 urinary urgency 频尿 urinary frequency
夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia
多尿 polyuria 少尿 oliguria 无尿 anuria
排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria
闭尿 urinary retention
尿失禁 urinary incontinence 夜间多尿 nocutria
夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis 混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine 血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria 性欲 sexual desire ; libido
性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition
杨萎 impotence 勃起 erection 射精 ejaculation
早泄 premature ejaculation 遗精 pollution
梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream
包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce) 割礼 circumcision
性病 veneral disease (V.D.)
月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods
初潮 menarche ; onset of menses 停经 menopause
更年期 climacteric ; changeof life 痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation
无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods 月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow
白带 vaginal discharge
阴道出血 vaginal bleeding 少量时 yaginal spoting
子宫出血 metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding
妊娠 pregnancy ; conception 怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant
不妊 sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ;
inability to conceive
流产 abortion ; miscarriage ; 人工流产induced abortion
避孕contraception; birth control 避孕药 contraceptive 阵痛 labor
生产 分娩 childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered
坐月子 childbed ; confinement; drowiness ; lethargy
错乱 confusion ; distracted ; distraught
胆妄的 delirious 幻觉 hallucination
痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm 癫痫 epilepsy
半身不遂 be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic
pueriperium ; puerperal period
孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy 骨关节与肌肉系统
脱臼 joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint
扭伤 sprain
挫伤 sprain (twist ; wrench ) 关节炎 arthritis 风湿症 theumatism 痛风 gout (gaut)
关节痛 arthralgia ; joint pain 变形 deformity 骨折 fracture
石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris 义腿(肢) artificial limb
肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle
扭筋 strain ; sprain
肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp
抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped 肌肉压痛 tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness 精神与神经系统
意识混浊 clouding of consciousness 丧失意识 loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness
恢复意识 recover consciousness 昏厥 fainting ; syncope 昏睡 soma 昏迷 stupor
嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness;
肌无力 muscular weakness 步行困难 difficulty in walking 说话不清 speak thickly
蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along
肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle 左手性 left-handedness 右手性 right-handedness 运动失调 ataxia
无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia
失去感觉 become numb ; loss sensibility
知觉过敏 hypersthesia 知觉迟钝 hypesthesia 知觉异常 paresthesia
神经质 nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy
神经衰弱 nervous breaksown
意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits 情绪佳 in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric
情绪不稳定 unstable ; labile capricious
易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable
不安的 anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy
内向的人 introvert 外向的人 extrovert
健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory
漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned
自卑感 inferiority complex 歇斯底里病 hysteria 眼耳鼻咽喉
视力丧失 lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind
失明 loss of vision ; blindness
视力减退 impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring
近视 near-sightedness ; myopia myopy 远视 far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope 折射异常 refractive error 乱视 astigmatism
斜视 strabismus ; squint 复视 diplopia ; double vision 夜盲 night-blindness ; nyctalopia 盲点 scotoma ; blind spot 眼睛疲劳 eyestrain
流泪过多 overflow of tears
异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness
怕光 photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light
结膜炎 conjunctivitis 砂眼 trachoma
听力减退 impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing 重听 be hard of hearing 耳聋 deaf
耳鸣 ringing of ears ; tinnitus 耳痛 earache ; otalgia 耳垢 cerumen ; erawax ;
中耳炎 otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear
流鼻水 snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;
鼻伤风 sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza
擤鼻涕 blow the nose ;
鼻声 a nasal voice
鼻塞 nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion
鼻出血 nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis 鼻炎 rhinitis 扁桃 tonsil
扁桃炎 tonsillitis 齿痛 toothache
蛀齿 decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity 义齿 an artificial tooth
装假牙 wear false teeth (a denture) 无齿 toothless ; edentulous 掉齿 lose a tooth ; come out 拔齿 pull out ; extract a tooth 齿龈 gums ; gingiva 皮肤
发疹 eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem 湿疹 eczema
荨麻疹 urticaria ; hives 胎记 birth mark(红斑) 青斑 bruise 黑斑 mole
水泡 welt ; wheal ;wale 头皮屑 dandruff ; scurf 痂 scab ; curst ; slough 丘疹 pimple ; acne
香港脚 athlete's foot ; ringworm of the feet
痱子 prickly heat ; heat rash 龟裂 chaps ; cracks
糜烂 sore ; erosion ; festering 疣 warts
冻疮 chilblain ; festering 尿布疹 diaper rash 黄癣 favus ; scaldhead 脓泡 impetigo 雀斑 freckles 晒斑 sunburn
骚养 itching ; pruritus
骚养伤 scratch
生脓 fester ; form pus ; suppurate 渗出 exude ;ooze ; weep
股擦伤 have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)
脱毛 loss of hair ; falling-out of hair 多毛症 hirsutism
无毛 hairless ; bald ;
秃头 baldness ; bald- headedness 秃头症 alopecia 十、诊断用具
stethoscope 听诊器
sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计
thermometer 体温计 ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜 otoscope 耳镜
laryngeal mirror 喉镜 flashlight 手电统
tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板
hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤 tuning fork 音叉 tape measure 卷尺 scale (ruler) 尺
loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜
rubber gloves 橡胶手套 finger cot 指套
vaginal speculum 阴道镜
一、 内科常用字汇
心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞
Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图 Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease Dysphasia 说话困难 Aphasia 失语症 Aphonia 失声
Dysphagia 吞咽困难 Gingivitis 齿龈炎 Pharyngitis 咽炎 Laryngitis 喉炎
高血压性心脏血管疾病
Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病
Hemangioma 血管瘤 Vasodilatation 血管扩张 Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 Hypertension 高血压 Hypertrophy 肥大 Hypotension 低血压 Varicose veins 静脉曲张
血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic System Adenitis 腺炎
Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病 Leukocyte 白血球
Leukocytopenia 白血球减少
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮
Splenomegaly 脾肿大 Anemia 贫血 Aseptic 无菌的 Septicemia 败血症 Hemostasis 止血 Transfusion 输血
呼吸系统 The Respiratory System
Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞 Mucosa 黏膜 Exhale 呼吸 Apnea 窒息
Tachypnea 呼吸急促 Pneumonia 肺炎 Bronchitis 支气管炎 Lung Empyema 肺积脓
消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促
Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查 Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄 Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术 Gastric cancer 胃癌 Gastritis 胃炎
Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎 Gastrorrhagia 胃出血
Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞 Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡 Peritonitis 腹膜炎 Enterorrhagia 肠出血 Enterorrhexis 肠破裂 Appendicitis 阑尾炎 Colon cancer结肠癌 Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查 Rectal cancer 直肠癌 Anal Fistual 肛门廔管 External hemorrhoid 外痔 Internal hemorrhoid 内痔 Excretion 排泄 Hepatitis 肝炎
Hepatomegaly 肝肿大 Gall Stone 胆结石 Cholelithiasis 胆石症 Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化 Ascites 腹水
内分泌系统 The Endocrine System
Glycemia 糖血症 Goiter 甲状腺肿
Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病 Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症 Bromidrosis 汗臭症
Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤
神经系统 The Nervous System Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化 Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血
Cerebral Edema 脑水肿 Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹
Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞 Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎
Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血 Encephalitis 脑炎
Electromyography 肌电图 Neuritis 神经炎 Epilepsy 癜痫
Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛 Rachitis 痀偻症
Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯 Spondylitis 脊椎炎 Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹 Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪
Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识
Eye opening睁眼反应 Verbal response 语言反应 Motor response 运动反应 Corneal reflex 角膜反射 Plantar reflex 膝反射 Sciatica 坐骨神经痛 Chorea 舞蹈症
Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩 Migraine 偏头痛
Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症 Brain Swelling 脑肿胀 brain Concussion 脑震荡 brain Anoxia脑缺氧症 brain Death 脑死
肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal System
Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带
Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化
Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎
Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折 Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折 Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏 Matastatic Lesion转移性损害
Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症 Amputation 截肢 Bone graft 骨移植
Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻
Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术
Range of Motion 运动范围 Varus 内翻
Chondromalacia 软骨软化症
泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System
Cystitis 膀胱炎
Circumcision 包皮环割术 Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查 Hydronephrosis 肾水肿 Renal Stone 肾结石
Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭 Cryptorchidism 隐睾症 Spermatogenesis 精子生成
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大
Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄 Dysuria 排尿困难 Hematuria 血尿 Uremia 尿毒症
Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染 Vasoligation 输精管结扎 Impotence 阳萎
特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special Senses
Audiometer 听力计 Otitis 耳炎 Otorrhea 耳漏 Tympanitis 中耳炎
Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术 Nasitis 鼻炎
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌 Rhinorrhea 鼻溢
Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物 Intraocular pressure 眼内压 Oculus Uterque 双眼 Oculus Sinister 左眼 Oculus Dexter 右眼
Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌 Ophthalmologist 眼科医师 Diplopia 复视 Myopia 近视
Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂 Corneitis 角膜炎
Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等 Retinopexy 视网膜固定术
Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落 Visual field 视野
Vocal nodular 声带结节 Dermatologist 皮肤科医师 Dermatitis 皮肤炎 Cataract 白内障 Glaucoma 青光眼 综合性字汇
Contraceptive 避孕的 Contraindication 禁忌症 Biology 生物学 Hyperemesis 剧吐 Polydipsia 剧渴
Homosexual 同性的 Heterosexual 异性的 Inject 注射 Lipoma 脂肪瘤 Lipoid 脂肪样的
Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症 Malformaiton 畸形 Malaise 不适 Necrosis 坏死 Nocturia 夜尿症 Ployuria 多尿 Narcotics 麻醉药 Hyperplasia 增殖 Dysplasia 发育不良 Dyspepsia 消化不良 Prognosis 预後 Antipyretic 解热剂 Hydrophobia 恐水症 Photophobia 畏光 Antibiotic 抗生素 Syndrome 症候群 Hydrotherapy 水疗法 Perforation 穿孔
Percussion 叩诊 Visceralgia 脏器痛 二、妇产科常用字汇 Genital 生殖的 Gynecology 妇科 Menstruation 月经 Menopause 更年期 Menorrhagia 经血过多 Amenorrhea 无月经 Dysmenorrhea 经痛 Menarche 初经
Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌 Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂 Cervicitis 子宫颈炎 Perineum 会阴
Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位 Ovary 卵巢
Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿 Ovulation 排卵 Vaginitis 阴道炎
Colposcopy 阴道镜检法 Galactocele 乳腺囊肿
Mammography 乳房X 光摄影术 Infertility 不孕症
InVitro Fertilization 体外受精 Amnion 羊膜
Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞 Hydramnion 羊水过多 Anterpartal 产前的 Antepartum 分娩前
Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样
Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称
Artificial Insemination 人工受精 Engagement 进入产位 Estrogen 动情基素 Colostrum 初乳
Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕 Corpus Luteum 黄体
Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩
Venereal Disease 性病
Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎 Laparoscope 腹腔镜 Embryo 胚胎
Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕 Primipara 初产妇
Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位
Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中 Multipara 经产妇 Parity 经产
Placenta Previa前置胎盘 Postpartum 产後
Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血 Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症 Adolescence 青春期
Basal Body Temperature 基础体温 Cesarean Section 剖腹产
Expected Date of Confinement 预产期
Fallopian Tube 输卵管 Forceps 产钳
Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块 Labor Pain阵痛
Painless Labor 无痛分娩 Molding 胎头变形
Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产
Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查
Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水
Progesterone 黄体素 Stillbrith 死产 Suture 缝合 Stump 残物
Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血 三、小儿科常用字汇 Apnea 呼吸暂停
Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血 Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形
Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘 Bronchitis 支气管炎
Cephalopematoma 头血肿 Erythema 红斑
Hypospadia 尿道下裂 Dehydration 脱水 Hydrocephalus 水脑 Hydrocele 阴囊积水 Polydactylia 多指畸形 Pyoderma 脓皮症 Sepsis 败血症 Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎 Encephalitis 脑炎
Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎
Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎
Malignant 恶性的
Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形 Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息 Cleft Palate 颚裂 Diarrhea 腹泻
Dental Caries 龋齿
Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹 Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹 Torticollis 斜颈 Vaccine 疫苗
Incubator 保温箱 Cleft lip 兔唇 Chicken pox 水痘 Club foot 畸足 Diphtheria 白喉
Dengue fever 登革热 Eczema 湿疹
Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒 German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹 Giant baby巨婴 Gonorrhea 淋病 Hepatitis B B型肝炎
Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病 Jaundice 黄疸
Mongolian spots 蒙古斑 Mumps 腮腺炎
Respiratory arrest呼吸停止 Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹 Vomiting 呕吐
四、精神科常用字汇
Mental retardation 智能不足 autism 自闭症
dement 痴呆症
alzheimer's dementia阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症
alcoholism 酒瘾
substances Intoxication 物质中毒 alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒
amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒
schizophrenia 精神分裂病
delusional Disorder 妄想性病患
Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患
phobia 畏惧症
obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患
pedophilia 恋童癖 exhibitionism 暴露狂
Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖 Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患
Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症 Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症 临床症状
blunted affect 感情迟钝 silly Laughter 傻笑 apathy 冷漠 irritable 易怒的 euphoria 欣快感 depression 忧郁
ambivalence 感情矛盾 Flat Affect感情平淡
suicide attempt 自杀企图 queer behavior 怪异行为 bizarre behavior 特异行为 hypertalkative 多话 hypotalkative 少话 mutistic 不语
hyperactivity 活动过多 hypoactivity 活动过少
compulsive behavior 强迫行为 verbigeration 重复语言 catelepsy 僵直
negativism 阻抗行动 Mannerism 作态行为
destrctive behavior 破坏行为 autistic thinking 自闭性思考 poverty of speech 言语贫乏 flight of ideas 意念飞跃
loosening of association 思考连结松散
illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考 pressure speech 言语急迫 thought blocking 思考中断 incoherent 语无伦次
thought Withdrawal 思想退缩 irrelevant 答非所问 delusion 妄想
delusion of persecution 被害妄想 delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想 Phobia 恐惧症 acrophobia 惧高症 algophobia 惧痛症 sexual drive 性欲 illusion 错觉
hallucination 幻觉
auditory hallucination 听幻觉 disoreinatation 失去定向力 amnesia 记忆丧失症 confabulation 虚谈症 orientation 定向力 judgement 判断力 derealization 失真感 insight 病识感
no insight 无病识感
intellectual insight 理性的病识感 true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感 心理学名词
free association 自由联想 dream analysis 梦的解析 ego 自我 id 原我
super ego 超我
ego boundary 自我界限 libido 原欲
scapegoat 代罪羔羊
internal conflict 内在冲突 conscious 意识
unconscious 潜意识 preconscious 前意识 transference 情感转移
depersonalization 人格解体 derealization 脱离现实 neurosis 神经精神病 Psychosis 神经病
Pleasure Principle 享乐原则 Reality Principle 现实原则 Moral Principle 道德原则
Predisposing Factors 潜在因素 Precipitating Factors 诱发因素 Defense Mechanism 防卫机转 compensation 补偿作用 conversion 转化作用 denial 否认作用
displacement 转移作用 dissociation 解离作用 fantasy 幻想作用
identification 认同作用 introjection 内射作用 projection 外射作用
retionalization 合理化作用 reaction formation 反向作用 degression 退化作用 repression 潜抑作用 suppression 压抑作用 restitution 归还作用 sublimation 升华作用 substitution 取代作用 symbolism 象徵作用 undoing 抵销作用 distortion 曲解作用 isolation 隔离作用
Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗
Empathy 同理心 Resistance 阻抗
testing out behavior 试探行为 self-awareness 自我了解 separation anxiety 分离焦虑 reinforcement 增强原则 catharsis 情绪宣泄 confrontation 面质
listen 倾听 restraint 约束
physical restraint 身体的约束 chemical 药物的约束 五、各科常用缩写 A
AAD against-advice discharge 自动出院
A abdomen 腹部
ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动
A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例
AK above knee 膝上 B.
BE below elbow 肘下 BH body height 身高
b.i.d twice a day 一日两次 Bil bilateral两侧的 BK below knee 膝下
BM bowel movement 肠蠕动
BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率
BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大
BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染 BUS blood, urine, stool 血液, 小便, 大便
BW body weight 体重 C.
Ca. Carcinoma 癌
CBC complete blood count 全血球计数
CBD common bile duct 总胆管 CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血 Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部
CO cardiac output 心输出量
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术
CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎
C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法 CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞
CT Scan computerized axial I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流 tomography scan 电脑断层检查
CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外
CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压 D.
DC discontinue 停止
D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术
DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病
DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉, 百日咳, 破伤风
DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤 E.
ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图
EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图 ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉 F .
FH family history 家族史
FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音
FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧 Fr fracture 骨折 G.
GB gall bladder 胆囊
GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道 GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规
gtt. Drops 滴
GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的 GYN gynecology 妇科学 H
Hb hemoglobin 血色素
HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血 h.s. at bedtime 睡前 HT Hypertension 高血压
Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积 Hx History 病例 I
ICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿
ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房 ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤
IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压
Imp. Impression 臆断
IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的
I & O Intake and output 输入及排出 IV Intravenous 静脉内的
IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅 J
Jej. Jejunum 空肠 Jt. Joint 关节 K
Kn. Knee 膝
KUB Kidney, ureter , baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱 L.
LFT liver function test肝功能试验 LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限 LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经 M
MBD may be discharged 可出院 MN midnight 午夜 N
NKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏
NP nothing particular 并无特别的 NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌
NPO nothing by mouth 禁食 O.
OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎 OB occult blood 潜血 OBS obstetrics 产科 OP operation 手术
OPD outpatient department 门诊 Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的 OS ocular sinistro 左眼
OT occupational therapy 职能治疗 OU Both eyes 双眼 P
p.c. after meals 饭後
PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验
PE Physical examination 身体检查 PI Present illness 目前病况 p.o. by mouth 由口
PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡
PT Physical therapy 物理治疗 PTA Prior to admission 入院前
PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养 Q
Q every 每一
q.d. every day 每日 q.h every hour 每小时
q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次 q.m. every morning 每日早晨 q.n. every night 每日晚间 R
RA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
RBC red blood cell 红血球 RN registered nurse 护理师 R/O rule out 可能是
RR recovery room 恢复室
R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗 RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限 Rx take 取拿
Medication 处方 Treatment 治疗 S
Sc. Subcutaneous 皮下的 SOB short of breath 呼吸短促 SP .g.r . specific gravity 比重
S/P status/ post operation 手术後 s-s half 一半
St(stat) immediately 立刻
Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌 T
t.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次 TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸
TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺 U
URI Upper respiratory infection 上
呼吸道感染 W
WBC White blood cell 白血球
White blood count 白血球计数 Y
Y/O year old 年龄 Z zero 零
六、解剖式内外科常用字汇
The cardiovascular system 心血管系统
lungs 肺脏 venis
vessels 血管
capillaries 微血管 cardi 心脏 arteries
blood clot凝血
The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统 Blood 血液
Red blood cell 红血球 White blood cell白血球 Platelet 血小板
The Respiratory System 呼吸系统 Bronchial tube主支气管 Alveoii 气泡 Pharynx 咽 Larynx 喉 Trachea 气管 Lung 肺
Bronchioles 小支气管 Pleura 胸膜 Chest 胸 Air 气
The Digestive System 消化系统 Lips 唇 teeth 牙齿 tongue 舌 bile duct 胆管 gallbladder 胆囊 duodenum 十二指肠 jejunum 空肠 ileum 回肠
appendix 阑尾
small intestine小肠 large intestine大肠 rectum 直肠 anus 肛门 pancreas 胰 stomach 胃 esophagus 食道 pharynx 咽
The Endocrine System Glands 腺体 Adrenals 肾上腺 Pancreas 胰 Pituitary 脑下腺
Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺
Breasts 乳房 Ovaries 卵巢 Testes 睾丸
The Nervous System Brain 脑
Spinal cord 脊髓 Vertebra 脊椎 Cranium 颅腔 Meninges 脑膜 Nerves 神经
The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统
Skull 头骨 Clavicle 锁骨 Sternum 胸骨 Ribs 助骨 Joints 关节 Ligaments 韧带 Tendons 肌腱 Cartilage 软骨
The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统 Cortex 皮质 Urinary 膀胱 Urethra 尿道 Ureters 输尿管 Kidney 肾脏
Renal pelvis 肾孟
Vas deferens精管 Urinary bladder 膀胱 prostate gland前列腺 scrotum 阴囊 testis 睾丸 penis 阴茎 urethra 尿道
The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官
Acoustic nerve听神经 Ear 耳朵
Hearing 听觉的 tube 耳咽管 Eardrum 耳骨膜 Eustachian 欧式管 Nasal cavities鼻腔 Nose 鼻 Eyelid 眼睑 Lens 晶球体 Carnea 角膜 Tear duct泪管 Conjunctiva 结膜 Choroid layer 脉络膜 Retina 视网膜 Sclera 巩膜
Optic nerve视神经
Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇
Fallopian tube输卵管 Ovary 卵巢 Uterus 子宫 Vagina 阴道
Vulva 女阴(外生殖器官) 脑部系统
cerebrum 大脑
corpus callosum 胼胝体 thalamus 视丘 cerebellum 小脑 diencephalon 间脑
cerebral peduncles大脑脚 infundibulum 漏斗 hypophysis 脑下垂体 midbrain 中脑 pons 桥脑
medulla 延脑 brain stem 脑干 眼球构造 pupil 瞳孔
suspensory ligaments 悬韧带 ciliary process捷状突 retinal veins网膜静脉 retinal arteries网膜动脉 optic nerve视神经
anterior chamber前眼房 posterior chamber 後眼房 iris 虹膜
vitreous body 玻璃状体
internal rectus muscle 内直肌 lacrimal puncta泪孔
lacrimal canaliculi泪小管 lacrimal gland 泪腺
excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管 eyebrow 眉毛 耳朵构造 cochlea 耳蜗
eustachian tube 耳咽管 helix 耳壳
tympanic membrance 鼓膜 external auditory canal 外耳道 semicircular canals半规管 malleus 锤骨
vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔
gingiva 齿龈 molars 大臼齿 premolars 小臼齿 canines 犬齿 incisors 门齿
vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭 upper lip 上唇
upper lip frenulum 上唇系带 alveolar provess齿槽突 hard palate硬颚
palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺
sublingual caruncle 舌下阜 七、癌症相关单字 1. gastric cancer胃癌
2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌
3. colon cancer结肠癌 4. rectal cancer直肠癌
5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌
6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌 7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌 8. lung cancer肺癌
9. esophageal cancer食道癌 10. bladder cancer膀胱癌 11. laryngl caner喉癌 12. ovarian cancer软巢癌 13. liver cancer肝癌 14. skin cancer皮肤癌 15. breast cancer乳癌 16. leukemia血癌 17. bone cancer骨癌 18. brain tumor脑癌 19. heart disease 心脏病 20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤 八、医院内常见单字 Hospital 医院
Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校 (nursing home) Private convalescence
hospital 慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院
(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方
Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科
Resident in medicine 内科住院医师 Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)
Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)
House officer 医院医师的称呼
Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生) Extern 医院实习生
Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生
Student nurse 护理学生
Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士
Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证
Supervisor 督导护士 Head nurse护士长
Scrub nurse 手术助理护士
Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生 Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)
Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人 Ambulantory patient 住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)
Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病) Paretic 麻痹患者
Malpractice 诊疗错误 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房 station 护理站 por 恢复室
Patient 患者, 病人 Narcotic 麻醉药 Nurse 护士 Doctor 医生
Internist 内科医生 Surgeon 外科医生 Dentist 牙科医生
Gynecologist 妇科医生 Orthopedist 骨科医生 Oculist 眼科医生
Pediatrician 小儿科医生 Psychiatrist 精神病医生 Intern 实习医生
Examination table 诊疗台 Clinical thermometer 体温计 Stethoscope 听诊器 Reflector 反光镜
X-ray checkup X 光检查 X-ray photograph X光像片 Operation 手术 Scalpel 手术刀 Syringe 针筒
Hypodermic needle 注射针
Injection 注射 Ice bag 冰袋
Fixation forceps 固定镊 Medicine, drug药品 Bandage 绷带
Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉 Gauze 纱布 Mask 口罩
Wheel chair 轮椅 Crutches 柺杖 Ambulance 救护车 Stretcher 担架 Chart 病历表 Prescription 处方 Blood pressure 血压 Blood type 血型
Artificial respiration 人工呼吸 Pill 药丸 Capsule 胶囊 Ointment 软膏
Iodine tincture 碘酒 Sedative 镇静剂
Intensive care unit 加护病房
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术
Intravenous drip 点滴 Chemotherapy 化学治疗
Computerized Topography电脑断层 magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振
Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局 Fracture 骨折 Gypsum 石膏
九、病历表内常见单字
Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页, 摘要表
History sheet 病历表
Physical examination sheet 身体检查表
Physician's order sheet 医嘱单
Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录
Laboratory reports 检验报告
Radiographic reports X光检查报告 Nursing notes 护理记录 Graphic chart 图式病历
Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要 Operation report 手术报告 Anesthesia record 麻醉记录 Consultation sheet 会诊单
Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录
Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书
Emergency room record 急诊室记录 住院病历表
身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data)
admission date 住院日期
hospital number = chart number 病历号码
room number 病房号码 name sex age
birth date birth place
marital status = civil status 婚姻状况 address occupation
empolyer 雇主公司行号
health insurance number 医疗保险号码
referring physician 转介医生 各系统的表现状况--全身状态 违和感
malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort) feel unwell (ill, poorly) 疲劳感. 倦怠感 lassitude fatigue tiredness weariness languor
lack of energy (vigor)
listlessness exhaustion worn-out
虚脱 无力状态 weakness feebleness
lack (loss) of strength debility
powerlessness
prostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion) asthenia 睡眠状态 sleep
slumber (=light sleep) a nap (=a short sleep)
a doze (= a light or fitful sleep) 入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep
小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse
欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic
睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence
摧睡 become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)
睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep
失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep 失眠症的人 insomniac
熟睡 sound (profound) sleep
睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken 作梦 dream 恶梦 nightmare
梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism
梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker 体重方面(weight ; body weight) 体重为 weigh~ ; be ~ in weight 最高 maximum 最低 minimum 平均 average
最适 optimum 现在 present
体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight 体重增加 weight gain ; gain in 胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain
胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain
腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) weight ; increase in weight 瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny
瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation) 肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty
体温状况(body temperature 量体温 take one's temperature
发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature
发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial
无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial
发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit 寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills
退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit
发汗 sweating ; perspiration 弛张热 remittent fever 间歇热 intermittent fever 连续热 continuous fever 危险期 by crisis 转轻期 by lysis 疼痛方面
偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;
後头部痛 occipital pain 侧头部痛 temporal pain 前头部痛 frontal pain
头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia 咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia 眼痛 have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart) 齿痛 toothache 胸痛 chest pain
心前部痛 precordial pain 心绞痛 anginal pain
ache
上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium
上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain 下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain
左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain 侧腹部痛 flank pain 背痛 backache
腰痛 low backache ; lumbago 关节痛 joint pain
肌肉痛 muscular pain 神经痛 neuralgia
绞痛 colic ; colicky pain
胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic 肾石痛 renal colic
痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic
博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain
转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation
牵连痛 referred pain
电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain
带状痛 girdle pain 神经根性痛 root pain 空腹痛 hunger pain 夜间痛 nocturnal pain 自发痛 spontaneous pain 压痛 tenderness
固定痛fixed (steady) pain 灼热痛 burning pain
刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing 分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking 撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ; 钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;
剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe
不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping
擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore 针刺痛 pricking ; pricking 呼吸器管和循环器管系统 呼吸 breath ; respiration
呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea
呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath 深呼吸 breathe deeply
叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath 喘息 pant
端坐呼吸 orthopnea
劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)
夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea 呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing
喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing 打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze
打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus 咳嗽 cough
阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal 清喉 clear the throat
乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough
有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum
喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate 喀血 hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration
粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum
浓喀痰 frothy sputum
泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum 脓性喀痰 purulent sputum 血性喀痰 bloody sputum
混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum 绿色喀痰 greenish sputum 锈色喀痰 rusty sputum 感冒 common cold
流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe 上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.) 胸膜炎 pleruisy 气喘 asthma 心悸 palpitation
悸动 palpitate ; throb
脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat) 速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia 徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia
高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension
心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill
狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris) 心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)
动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis
血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood
间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication 消化器官系统
食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia 食欲增进 increase (improvement) of appetite
无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite
食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite
丧失食欲 lose one's apptite 空腹 an empty stomach 咀嚼 chewing ; mastication 吞咽 swallow gulp
吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia
嗳气 打噎 belching ; eructation 打酸噎 sour eructation
心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash
逆流 regugitation
恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling
感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting
呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew
呕吐物 vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter
咖啡渣 coffee-grounds 消化 digestion
消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia 腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness
腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling 黄疸 jaundice ; icterus 腹水 ascites
通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ; 下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ; 便秘 constipation
水状watery stool (feces) 血状 bloody stool 柏油状 tarry stool 泥状 mushy stool 软状 loose stool 硬状 hard stool
呈固状 formed stool
呈半固状 semiformed stool 大便失禁 fecal incontinence
放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus
泌尿与生殖器官系统
排尿 urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate 尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate 尿急 urinary urgency 频尿 urinary frequency
夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia
多尿 polyuria 少尿 oliguria 无尿 anuria
排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria
闭尿 urinary retention
尿失禁 urinary incontinence 夜间多尿 nocutria
夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis 混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine 血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria 性欲 sexual desire ; libido
性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition
杨萎 impotence 勃起 erection 射精 ejaculation
早泄 premature ejaculation 遗精 pollution
梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream
包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce) 割礼 circumcision
性病 veneral disease (V.D.)
月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods
初潮 menarche ; onset of menses 停经 menopause
更年期 climacteric ; changeof life 痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation
无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods 月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow
白带 vaginal discharge
阴道出血 vaginal bleeding 少量时 yaginal spoting
子宫出血 metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding
妊娠 pregnancy ; conception 怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant
不妊 sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ;
inability to conceive
流产 abortion ; miscarriage ; 人工流产induced abortion
避孕contraception; birth control 避孕药 contraceptive 阵痛 labor
生产 分娩 childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered
坐月子 childbed ; confinement; drowiness ; lethargy
错乱 confusion ; distracted ; distraught
胆妄的 delirious 幻觉 hallucination
痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm 癫痫 epilepsy
半身不遂 be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic
pueriperium ; puerperal period
孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy 骨关节与肌肉系统
脱臼 joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint
扭伤 sprain
挫伤 sprain (twist ; wrench ) 关节炎 arthritis 风湿症 theumatism 痛风 gout (gaut)
关节痛 arthralgia ; joint pain 变形 deformity 骨折 fracture
石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris 义腿(肢) artificial limb
肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle
扭筋 strain ; sprain
肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp
抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped 肌肉压痛 tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness 精神与神经系统
意识混浊 clouding of consciousness 丧失意识 loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness
恢复意识 recover consciousness 昏厥 fainting ; syncope 昏睡 soma 昏迷 stupor
嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness;
肌无力 muscular weakness 步行困难 difficulty in walking 说话不清 speak thickly
蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along
肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle 左手性 left-handedness 右手性 right-handedness 运动失调 ataxia
无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia
失去感觉 become numb ; loss sensibility
知觉过敏 hypersthesia 知觉迟钝 hypesthesia 知觉异常 paresthesia
神经质 nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy
神经衰弱 nervous breaksown
意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits 情绪佳 in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric
情绪不稳定 unstable ; labile capricious
易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable
不安的 anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy
内向的人 introvert 外向的人 extrovert
健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory
漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned
自卑感 inferiority complex 歇斯底里病 hysteria 眼耳鼻咽喉
视力丧失 lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind
失明 loss of vision ; blindness
视力减退 impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring
近视 near-sightedness ; myopia myopy 远视 far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope 折射异常 refractive error 乱视 astigmatism
斜视 strabismus ; squint 复视 diplopia ; double vision 夜盲 night-blindness ; nyctalopia 盲点 scotoma ; blind spot 眼睛疲劳 eyestrain
流泪过多 overflow of tears
异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness
怕光 photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light
结膜炎 conjunctivitis 砂眼 trachoma
听力减退 impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing 重听 be hard of hearing 耳聋 deaf
耳鸣 ringing of ears ; tinnitus 耳痛 earache ; otalgia 耳垢 cerumen ; erawax ;
中耳炎 otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear
流鼻水 snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;
鼻伤风 sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza
擤鼻涕 blow the nose ;
鼻声 a nasal voice
鼻塞 nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion
鼻出血 nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis 鼻炎 rhinitis 扁桃 tonsil
扁桃炎 tonsillitis 齿痛 toothache
蛀齿 decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity 义齿 an artificial tooth
装假牙 wear false teeth (a denture) 无齿 toothless ; edentulous 掉齿 lose a tooth ; come out 拔齿 pull out ; extract a tooth 齿龈 gums ; gingiva 皮肤
发疹 eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem 湿疹 eczema
荨麻疹 urticaria ; hives 胎记 birth mark(红斑) 青斑 bruise 黑斑 mole
水泡 welt ; wheal ;wale 头皮屑 dandruff ; scurf 痂 scab ; curst ; slough 丘疹 pimple ; acne
香港脚 athlete's foot ; ringworm of the feet
痱子 prickly heat ; heat rash 龟裂 chaps ; cracks
糜烂 sore ; erosion ; festering 疣 warts
冻疮 chilblain ; festering 尿布疹 diaper rash 黄癣 favus ; scaldhead 脓泡 impetigo 雀斑 freckles 晒斑 sunburn
骚养 itching ; pruritus
骚养伤 scratch
生脓 fester ; form pus ; suppurate 渗出 exude ;ooze ; weep
股擦伤 have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)
脱毛 loss of hair ; falling-out of hair 多毛症 hirsutism
无毛 hairless ; bald ;
秃头 baldness ; bald- headedness 秃头症 alopecia 十、诊断用具
stethoscope 听诊器
sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计
thermometer 体温计 ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜 otoscope 耳镜
laryngeal mirror 喉镜 flashlight 手电统
tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板
hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤 tuning fork 音叉 tape measure 卷尺 scale (ruler) 尺
loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜
rubber gloves 橡胶手套 finger cot 指套
vaginal speculum 阴道镜