元音字母 读 音
例 词
英语单词拼读规则表
元音字母在重读音节中的读音
A
在开音节中 在闭音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
例外:[æ] have 有 △开音节结构,按闭音节发音。
[ɔ:] water 水 △半元音[w]后的a 有时重读为[ɔ: ] 。
[æ]
bag dad hat map black back 例外:
(1) 半元音[w]之后的a 读作[ɔ]: what watch quality want wash quarrel (2) ss ,st ,sp, sk,th,ff ,ft ,n(nt, nd, nce, ns)之前的a 读作[a:]: class staff command plant bath answer last graft grasp ask dance he these me Chinese
E 在
开音节中
在闭音节中 I 在Y 开
音节中
在闭音节中 O 在
开音节中
[i:]
[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite like nice cry why spy size sky twice time 例外:
(1)有时读作[i:],特别是尾音节为相对开音节时: police ski kilo machine Pisa
(2) [i] give live △开音节结构,按闭音节发音。 fish big drink sit milk swim six sing thin with this gym 例外:
词尾-nd ,-ld 之前的i 读作[ai]: kind behind mild find child wild △闭音节结构,按开音节发音。
those close go hoe home no 例外:
(1)字母o 读作[u:]仍读成 长元音:to do who move shoe
△上面五个单词押[u:]韵,很顺口,[tu:du :hu:mu:v ʃu: ],多读几遍,很容易记住。
(2)o后接m,n ,v ,th 时读作[ʌ]:
some done glove brother come love mother none △开音节结构,按闭音节读作[ʌ]。
clock not box shop sock 例外:
(1)词尾 -st,-ld 之前的。读作[əu]:ghost post old cold host most hold bold
△结构是闭音节,按开音节发音。 student excuse duty Tuesday
[i]
[ou]
在闭音节中 U 在
[ɔ]
[ju:]
开音节中 在闭音节中
[u:] 元音字母u 在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
[ʌ] bus cup jump much lunch [u] 两清音之间的u ,清音与双L 之间的u 读作[u]:
put pull pusher full push pushed
例外:truth[tru:θ](真理) △闭音节结构,按开音节读音。 busy [ ' bizi] △字母u 读为[i],情况极少口
元音字母重读的总结 元音字母 开音节 闭音节 例开 外 闭
A [ei] [æ] [æ].[ ɔ] [ɔ],[ a:]
E [i:] [e]
I Y [ai] [i] [i:],[ i] [ai]
O [əu] [ɔ] [u:],[ ʌ] [əu],[ ʌ]
U
[ju:];在j 、r 、1后读[u:] [ʌ],[ u] [u:].[ i]
-r 音节元音字组合在重读音节中的读音 元音字组
读 音
例 词
AR [α:]
[ɔ:] OR [ɔ:]
[ə:] ER [ə:] IR
[ə:]
car farm dark sharpener mark large party marking carnal 半元音[w]后的ar 发[ɔ:]:warm quarter towards forty morning short
半元音[w]后的or 发[ə:] word worker worse 但worn[wɔ:n] 用旧的
er germ verb serve certain berg her term person prefer 例外:clerk 职员 very 很
girl first shirt whir thirty bird skirt birth circle thirsty burn turn purse return purple fur hurt nurse wurst church
UR [ə:]
-re 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音读 字组 音 ARE [e ə] ERE [iə]
[e ə]
例 词
care dare hare care rare square share ironware stare dare prepare ware 例外:are[a:]是
here interfere herein mere sicere hereon △当ere 后接元音时,则发[iər]音。
here therefore therein where
△ere 后接辅音发[eə]音,后接元音发[eər]音。如是有限几个含ere 读作[eə]的词。
例外:were[wə:](be的过去式)
IRE
[ai ə]
fire wire tired admire desire tire hire fireball retire require more wore tore sore before score store shore
△ore 与ire 各自均只有一种读音,且无例外。 lure sure insure
ORE [ɔ:]
URE [j u ə] cure manure secure pure procure
[uə]
-r 元音节的读音 -r 元音节 AR+元 [e ə r+元] ER+元 [iə r+元] IR+元 [ai ə+元] OR+元 [ɔ: r+元] UR+元 [j uə r+元] [uə r+元]
例 词
various scary librarian Marian vary Hero zero period serial serious cafeteria Spiral Irish wiry ironist
Auditorium notorious editorial chorus victorious story During curious Turin maturity plural juror jurist
后加的元音字母都发非重读的元音。即-r 后的a o u 发[ə]。当o 为词尾时发[əu];-r 后的i 、y 发[i]。
前加元-r 音节的发音
前加元-r 音节及发音 AIR [e ə] AER [e ə] EAR [iə] [e ə]
[ə:]
例 词
Air fair pair stairs airing repair hair chair airport upstairs affair Aerial aerobic
Ear beard dear near clear hear fear tear rear appear Bear pear wear tear
△与tear[tiə](眼泪) 是同形异音词。
辅音前的ear 发[ə:]:
Learn earn early pearl heard earth search research earnest yearn 但 heart [h a: t] beard [biəd]
Deer steer queer auctioneer pioneer beer veer engineer electioneer profiteer Heir heirloom their theirs
EER [iə] EIR [eə]
OAR [ɔ:] OOR [ɔ:] OUR [ɔ:] [auə]
Aor roar hoard coarse board soar hoarse Door doorbell floor flooring 但poor [puə]
Four course source your pour court Our sour hour flour
但 tour [tuə] journey [dʒə: ni:]
元音字组在重读音节中的读音 字母组合 AI (AY) AL
发音 [ei] [ɔ:] [ɔ: l] [a:]
AU
[ɔ:]
例词
Fail wait main strain mail away play May delay rain sail train straight day stay may ray repay
All ball walk fall hallway call wall talk chalk small Salt also false almost f 或m 之前的al 发[a:]音: half calm palm
Cause daunt autumn pause sauce august launch laundy astronaut 但 because [b i’ k ɔ z] aunt [a: n t]
Taught fraught slaughter caught daughter naught △t 之前的augh 读[ɔ:]。
注意:laugh 读作[la:f],其中gh 发[f],故此处的augh 不应视作 元音字母组合(元音字母组合augh 里的gh 不发音)。 Law raw draw awkward awful saw hawk claw straw
注意:当aw 后接元音字母时,a 、w 分别发[ə]音、[w]音。故此 时aw 不视作字母组合。如:award aware away awake Deal sea team please heat peak seat peace clean meat Deaf head dead peasant bread death ready feather Great break
Real really idea theatre
Beauty beautiful
注意:reality [ri’ æləti]. 此处ea 不是字母组合,是连出 的两个元音字母,故它们构成两个音节。
Meet feel seem seen wheel cheese between need been green teeth greet indeed
veil vein Beijing reil reige beige prey obey grey they survey 字母c 之后的ei 重读为[i:]:
ceiling deceive either receive receipt neither △或either['aiðə] neither['naiðə] Deign reign feign seignior
eight weight weigh freight neighbour sleigh 例外:heigh[hai]高度 sleight
AUGH [ɔ:]
AW [ɔ:]
EA [i:] [e] [ei] [iə] 无声
EE [i:]
EA EY [ei]
[i:]
EIG EIGH
[ei] [ei] [ai]
EW [j u:] [u:]
Ewe new stew dew mew few nephew 例外:sew [səu]缝合
ew 在l ,r ,j(i)后读[u:]:
blew grew drew Jew view flew threw review crew Diary bias dialogue reliable via dial diamond denial 例外:piano[pi'ænəu](钢琴) 注意重音位置变化。 Die quiet society dieter science
Piece brief believe chief achievement field bilief thief relief
△ie 发[aiə]音,是三连音,字母i 与e 分别划在两个音节里; ie 发[i:]音,是单元音,字母i 与e 在同一个音节里。 例外:friend[frend]朋友
Riot violet violin lion violate violent
△ia ,ie ,i0均发三连音[aiə],字母i 与后面的字母分划在两个音节里。 Sign resign benign design assign consign
△ig 重读为[ai]时,g 无声,ig 是元音字母组合,非重读i 后的g 有声,ig 不是元音字母组合,如: designate[‘dezigneit]指定;标出
sigh fight night bright sight light delight blight fright might tight coast coat loan soap boat oath roast road 例外:连缀br 之后的oa 发[ɔ:]音,如:
broad[brɔ:d]宽的,广阔的 abroad[ə'brɔ:d]到国外,在海外
oil join voice poison point joy annoy enjoy soil hoist toilet boy toy destroy Lloyd
Book cook brook took hook nook shook
△k 前的oo 常发[u]。其他:foot good stood
too moon soon pool room bamboo zoo noon spoon school broom shampoo 词尾-oo 和响音[m]、[n]、[l]前的oo 发[u:]。 但wool[wul](羊毛) 。
Blood flood flooding
△与液体相关单词中的oo 读作[ʌ]。
out loud aloud mouth around shout cloud spout about sound south house ground thousand proud sprout
double young couple trouble rough courage touch tough country enough △因为gh 发[f],故此处的ough 不是字母组合,而是元母组合ou+gh结构。
Croup group you rouge coup soup route youth
例外:soul[səul]灵魂;心灵 cough[kɔf]咳嗽 shoulder['ʃəuldə]肩
bought thought sought ought fought besought brought nought
△ ought 后接t 而发[ɔ:],词尾ough 发[əu]或[u:],如:though[ðəu]虽然 although[ɔ:l'ðəu]虽然 dough[dəu]现款 through[θr u:]通过 Could should would
例外,oul 中的l 发音,如:
Shoulder [‘ʃəuldə] mould [məuld] mouldy [‘məuldi]
allow now brow down vow brown cow town flower crowd vowel powder
IA IE
[ai ə] [ai ə] [i:]
IO IG
[ai ə] [ai]
IGH OA
[ai] [əu]
OI [ɔi] OY OO
[u] [u:]
[ʌ]
OU
[au] [ʌ]
[u:]
OUGH [ɔ:]
OUL [u]
OW [au]
[əu]
Flow low blow slow know brow row show throw grow 大量的词尾-ow 非重读为[əu],如:
Bellow fellow sparrow thrown blown follow window swallow flown grown △ 某些不规划动词的过去式以-ew 结尾时(见字母组合-ew 的读音) ,它的过去分词就以-own 结尾。
Towel vowel power flower dower
△三连音[auə]由连出的[au]与[ə]组成,它构成两个音节,重 音在:all]上。若ow 后无元音,则不构成三连音。ow 后接元音时恒发:[au] Suit suitable nuisance ui 在j ,l ,r 之后发[u:] juice fruit sluice bruise cruise
OWE [auə]
UI [ju:] [u:]
[ju: i] Continuity ingenuity tuition assiduity ambiguity [ju: ə] 但suicide['sjuisaid]自杀而死 [u: i]
ui 在1,r 之后读[u:i],是连出的元音,重音大都在[u:]上:
fluid fluidics ruin ruins 例外:
build[bild]建设 building['bildiŋ] 建筑物;大楼 ui 在词首g 后,u 无音,闭读[i],开读[ai]: guilt guide
[i] [ai]
元音字母 读 音
例 词
英语单词拼读规则表
元音字母在重读音节中的读音
A
在开音节中 在闭音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
例外:[æ] have 有 △开音节结构,按闭音节发音。
[ɔ:] water 水 △半元音[w]后的a 有时重读为[ɔ: ] 。
[æ]
bag dad hat map black back 例外:
(1) 半元音[w]之后的a 读作[ɔ]: what watch quality want wash quarrel (2) ss ,st ,sp, sk,th,ff ,ft ,n(nt, nd, nce, ns)之前的a 读作[a:]: class staff command plant bath answer last graft grasp ask dance he these me Chinese
E 在
开音节中
在闭音节中 I 在Y 开
音节中
在闭音节中 O 在
开音节中
[i:]
[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite like nice cry why spy size sky twice time 例外:
(1)有时读作[i:],特别是尾音节为相对开音节时: police ski kilo machine Pisa
(2) [i] give live △开音节结构,按闭音节发音。 fish big drink sit milk swim six sing thin with this gym 例外:
词尾-nd ,-ld 之前的i 读作[ai]: kind behind mild find child wild △闭音节结构,按开音节发音。
those close go hoe home no 例外:
(1)字母o 读作[u:]仍读成 长元音:to do who move shoe
△上面五个单词押[u:]韵,很顺口,[tu:du :hu:mu:v ʃu: ],多读几遍,很容易记住。
(2)o后接m,n ,v ,th 时读作[ʌ]:
some done glove brother come love mother none △开音节结构,按闭音节读作[ʌ]。
clock not box shop sock 例外:
(1)词尾 -st,-ld 之前的。读作[əu]:ghost post old cold host most hold bold
△结构是闭音节,按开音节发音。 student excuse duty Tuesday
[i]
[ou]
在闭音节中 U 在
[ɔ]
[ju:]
开音节中 在闭音节中
[u:] 元音字母u 在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
[ʌ] bus cup jump much lunch [u] 两清音之间的u ,清音与双L 之间的u 读作[u]:
put pull pusher full push pushed
例外:truth[tru:θ](真理) △闭音节结构,按开音节读音。 busy [ ' bizi] △字母u 读为[i],情况极少口
元音字母重读的总结 元音字母 开音节 闭音节 例开 外 闭
A [ei] [æ] [æ].[ ɔ] [ɔ],[ a:]
E [i:] [e]
I Y [ai] [i] [i:],[ i] [ai]
O [əu] [ɔ] [u:],[ ʌ] [əu],[ ʌ]
U
[ju:];在j 、r 、1后读[u:] [ʌ],[ u] [u:].[ i]
-r 音节元音字组合在重读音节中的读音 元音字组
读 音
例 词
AR [α:]
[ɔ:] OR [ɔ:]
[ə:] ER [ə:] IR
[ə:]
car farm dark sharpener mark large party marking carnal 半元音[w]后的ar 发[ɔ:]:warm quarter towards forty morning short
半元音[w]后的or 发[ə:] word worker worse 但worn[wɔ:n] 用旧的
er germ verb serve certain berg her term person prefer 例外:clerk 职员 very 很
girl first shirt whir thirty bird skirt birth circle thirsty burn turn purse return purple fur hurt nurse wurst church
UR [ə:]
-re 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音读 字组 音 ARE [e ə] ERE [iə]
[e ə]
例 词
care dare hare care rare square share ironware stare dare prepare ware 例外:are[a:]是
here interfere herein mere sicere hereon △当ere 后接元音时,则发[iər]音。
here therefore therein where
△ere 后接辅音发[eə]音,后接元音发[eər]音。如是有限几个含ere 读作[eə]的词。
例外:were[wə:](be的过去式)
IRE
[ai ə]
fire wire tired admire desire tire hire fireball retire require more wore tore sore before score store shore
△ore 与ire 各自均只有一种读音,且无例外。 lure sure insure
ORE [ɔ:]
URE [j u ə] cure manure secure pure procure
[uə]
-r 元音节的读音 -r 元音节 AR+元 [e ə r+元] ER+元 [iə r+元] IR+元 [ai ə+元] OR+元 [ɔ: r+元] UR+元 [j uə r+元] [uə r+元]
例 词
various scary librarian Marian vary Hero zero period serial serious cafeteria Spiral Irish wiry ironist
Auditorium notorious editorial chorus victorious story During curious Turin maturity plural juror jurist
后加的元音字母都发非重读的元音。即-r 后的a o u 发[ə]。当o 为词尾时发[əu];-r 后的i 、y 发[i]。
前加元-r 音节的发音
前加元-r 音节及发音 AIR [e ə] AER [e ə] EAR [iə] [e ə]
[ə:]
例 词
Air fair pair stairs airing repair hair chair airport upstairs affair Aerial aerobic
Ear beard dear near clear hear fear tear rear appear Bear pear wear tear
△与tear[tiə](眼泪) 是同形异音词。
辅音前的ear 发[ə:]:
Learn earn early pearl heard earth search research earnest yearn 但 heart [h a: t] beard [biəd]
Deer steer queer auctioneer pioneer beer veer engineer electioneer profiteer Heir heirloom their theirs
EER [iə] EIR [eə]
OAR [ɔ:] OOR [ɔ:] OUR [ɔ:] [auə]
Aor roar hoard coarse board soar hoarse Door doorbell floor flooring 但poor [puə]
Four course source your pour court Our sour hour flour
但 tour [tuə] journey [dʒə: ni:]
元音字组在重读音节中的读音 字母组合 AI (AY) AL
发音 [ei] [ɔ:] [ɔ: l] [a:]
AU
[ɔ:]
例词
Fail wait main strain mail away play May delay rain sail train straight day stay may ray repay
All ball walk fall hallway call wall talk chalk small Salt also false almost f 或m 之前的al 发[a:]音: half calm palm
Cause daunt autumn pause sauce august launch laundy astronaut 但 because [b i’ k ɔ z] aunt [a: n t]
Taught fraught slaughter caught daughter naught △t 之前的augh 读[ɔ:]。
注意:laugh 读作[la:f],其中gh 发[f],故此处的augh 不应视作 元音字母组合(元音字母组合augh 里的gh 不发音)。 Law raw draw awkward awful saw hawk claw straw
注意:当aw 后接元音字母时,a 、w 分别发[ə]音、[w]音。故此 时aw 不视作字母组合。如:award aware away awake Deal sea team please heat peak seat peace clean meat Deaf head dead peasant bread death ready feather Great break
Real really idea theatre
Beauty beautiful
注意:reality [ri’ æləti]. 此处ea 不是字母组合,是连出 的两个元音字母,故它们构成两个音节。
Meet feel seem seen wheel cheese between need been green teeth greet indeed
veil vein Beijing reil reige beige prey obey grey they survey 字母c 之后的ei 重读为[i:]:
ceiling deceive either receive receipt neither △或either['aiðə] neither['naiðə] Deign reign feign seignior
eight weight weigh freight neighbour sleigh 例外:heigh[hai]高度 sleight
AUGH [ɔ:]
AW [ɔ:]
EA [i:] [e] [ei] [iə] 无声
EE [i:]
EA EY [ei]
[i:]
EIG EIGH
[ei] [ei] [ai]
EW [j u:] [u:]
Ewe new stew dew mew few nephew 例外:sew [səu]缝合
ew 在l ,r ,j(i)后读[u:]:
blew grew drew Jew view flew threw review crew Diary bias dialogue reliable via dial diamond denial 例外:piano[pi'ænəu](钢琴) 注意重音位置变化。 Die quiet society dieter science
Piece brief believe chief achievement field bilief thief relief
△ie 发[aiə]音,是三连音,字母i 与e 分别划在两个音节里; ie 发[i:]音,是单元音,字母i 与e 在同一个音节里。 例外:friend[frend]朋友
Riot violet violin lion violate violent
△ia ,ie ,i0均发三连音[aiə],字母i 与后面的字母分划在两个音节里。 Sign resign benign design assign consign
△ig 重读为[ai]时,g 无声,ig 是元音字母组合,非重读i 后的g 有声,ig 不是元音字母组合,如: designate[‘dezigneit]指定;标出
sigh fight night bright sight light delight blight fright might tight coast coat loan soap boat oath roast road 例外:连缀br 之后的oa 发[ɔ:]音,如:
broad[brɔ:d]宽的,广阔的 abroad[ə'brɔ:d]到国外,在海外
oil join voice poison point joy annoy enjoy soil hoist toilet boy toy destroy Lloyd
Book cook brook took hook nook shook
△k 前的oo 常发[u]。其他:foot good stood
too moon soon pool room bamboo zoo noon spoon school broom shampoo 词尾-oo 和响音[m]、[n]、[l]前的oo 发[u:]。 但wool[wul](羊毛) 。
Blood flood flooding
△与液体相关单词中的oo 读作[ʌ]。
out loud aloud mouth around shout cloud spout about sound south house ground thousand proud sprout
double young couple trouble rough courage touch tough country enough △因为gh 发[f],故此处的ough 不是字母组合,而是元母组合ou+gh结构。
Croup group you rouge coup soup route youth
例外:soul[səul]灵魂;心灵 cough[kɔf]咳嗽 shoulder['ʃəuldə]肩
bought thought sought ought fought besought brought nought
△ ought 后接t 而发[ɔ:],词尾ough 发[əu]或[u:],如:though[ðəu]虽然 although[ɔ:l'ðəu]虽然 dough[dəu]现款 through[θr u:]通过 Could should would
例外,oul 中的l 发音,如:
Shoulder [‘ʃəuldə] mould [məuld] mouldy [‘məuldi]
allow now brow down vow brown cow town flower crowd vowel powder
IA IE
[ai ə] [ai ə] [i:]
IO IG
[ai ə] [ai]
IGH OA
[ai] [əu]
OI [ɔi] OY OO
[u] [u:]
[ʌ]
OU
[au] [ʌ]
[u:]
OUGH [ɔ:]
OUL [u]
OW [au]
[əu]
Flow low blow slow know brow row show throw grow 大量的词尾-ow 非重读为[əu],如:
Bellow fellow sparrow thrown blown follow window swallow flown grown △ 某些不规划动词的过去式以-ew 结尾时(见字母组合-ew 的读音) ,它的过去分词就以-own 结尾。
Towel vowel power flower dower
△三连音[auə]由连出的[au]与[ə]组成,它构成两个音节,重 音在:all]上。若ow 后无元音,则不构成三连音。ow 后接元音时恒发:[au] Suit suitable nuisance ui 在j ,l ,r 之后发[u:] juice fruit sluice bruise cruise
OWE [auə]
UI [ju:] [u:]
[ju: i] Continuity ingenuity tuition assiduity ambiguity [ju: ə] 但suicide['sjuisaid]自杀而死 [u: i]
ui 在1,r 之后读[u:i],是连出的元音,重音大都在[u:]上:
fluid fluidics ruin ruins 例外:
build[bild]建设 building['bildiŋ] 建筑物;大楼 ui 在词首g 后,u 无音,闭读[i],开读[ai]: guilt guide
[i] [ai]