六级写作模板——提纲式作文
1． 对立观点式
A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？
B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？
C. 我的看法。
观点 is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides
of opinions of it. Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。Besides, 反对X 的第二个理由.
From my point of view, I think _____. The reason is that _____. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.
2． 社会问题(现象)式
A．一个社会问题或者现象
B． 产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响
Nowadays, there exists(存在 )an increasingly（越来越多）serious social
/economic /environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common
concern of the public). It is estimated (估计)that ___. Why have there been so many ____? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.
The first one is ______. Besides,_____. The third one is _____. To sum up, the main cause of it is due to _____.
X has caused substantial(大量 )impact(影响)on the society and our daily life,
which has been articulated(阐明)in the following aspects. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3.
C’. 如何杜绝(如果是问题的话) ,前景的预测。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us
more harm. Firstly,措施1.Secondly,措施2.Thirdly, 措施3.
Based on the above discussions(讨论), I can easily forecast(预测)that more and more people will ……..
3.图标作文
A图标描述
B分析原因
C表明自己观点
As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture,____ has been on
rise/ decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that _____.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand,
____.In the other hand, _____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition, ______ is responsible负责for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show
______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned(提到)reasons are commonly convincing. (通常有说服力的)
As far as I am concerned（关注）, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
4.书信作文模板
Dear ...,
I am extremely（极）pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____.
……
I will greatly appreciate(欣赏)a response(反应)from you at your earliest
convenience方便/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest
convenience.
Best regards(关心)for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
表原因的有以下短语：
1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
2）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
4）most important of all, moreover, finally
5）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
6）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
根据我的总结，这次考观点对比的可能性较大，其次就是社会现象题，好好准备吧。多看看别人的文章，作下对比。
英语六级考试技巧:
新东方的保密资料】四六级的规律，不懂照样过！给所有准备四六级的
深层剖析解的特征
每道都由题干（即问题）与四个选项组成。我对四个选项这样划分：其中一个是答案的选项称为解，其余三个选项不称为选项，而称为干扰项，因为几乎每个选项都被命题者加上了十足的功力，麻痹考生，以达到不容易被考生答对的目的。这样由命题难度梯度决定，解必然有如下特点：
“中心思想是解”
对一主题题型“中心思想是解”非常好理解。但大家一定要注意到大多数细节题
也符合“中心思想是解”，因为很多细节刀是围绕中心的细枝末节。
“隐蔽处有解”
指方章中的或一名话的隐蔽之，常见有同位语、插入语、定语、长句后半句、从句、副词、不定式等。
“合理项不是解；不合理项是解；无关项是解；事实是解”
问：“狗是干什么的？
答：“狗是看门的”
在各类英语考试中，这种选项显然是错误的因为人人都知道狗是看门的，狗是看门的是常识，是典型的合理项，合理项不是解。那么，狗是干什么的？我给大家举个例子：狗是锻炼身体的。很多同学不理解，觉得没有道理。其实文章中很可能六我们家养了一条狗，每天早上我和狗都去跑步，狗跑多快，我就跑多快，后来我身体就越来越好，所以狗就成了锻炼身体的了。但问题问狗是干什么的，干扰项中必然出现诸如狗是看门的选项，那是给那些想瞎猜的人准备的，理由很简单，就是不能让考生不看文章答对题。
总之合理项是指合理的选项，合理项主要分为两种情况:一种是生活常识，另一种是在不看文章的前提下，问题与答案极其吻合。
但想想看，反其道而行之呢？对策：“合理项不是解；不合理项是解；无关项是解；事实是解”。
“照抄原文不是解；同义替换是解”
如果选项中出现照抄原文的情况，有时选项同文章中的某句话一模一样，此选项高度可疑，而某选项通过同义替换，或词类转换如由名词转换成动词，则“同义替换是解”。
“含义肯定的不是解，含义不肯定的是解”
“人之初，性本善。”人类的本质是善良、这一点在考试上也一样，很多同学出于善良、朴实的天性喜欢得出一个确定的结论。“文章我看就要看懂懂，结论一定要明确”，很多同学就是这样想的，但一选就容易错误。命题者从加大题目难度的考虑，当考到对一个问题的结论的时候，通常不会让您得到肯定的一个结论，即使有非常明确结论的东西他也不喜欢考，要不怎么达到15%~18%通过率哪？这样我们很同学答题很不对路，而我则不一样，一见到含义不肯定的、模模糊糊的东西就喜欢，就觉得心潮澎湃，因为我知道不但我能答对此题，而且还知道别人错在那里，这里提醒大家一定要从思维上战胜考试。
“can是解” “could是解”“may是解” “usually是解” “Ｒight是解” “most是解” “more or less是解” “relatively是解” “be likely to是解” “whether or是解” “not definitely是解” “possible是解” “suspicion是解” “not necessarily是解” “dubious是解” “hesitate是解” “suggest是解” …
“潜在的是解” “potential是解” “trend是解” “threat是解” ...
“未知是解” “unknown是解”…
“绝对的不是解” “must不是解” “always不是解” “never不是解”“the most不是解”
“all不是解” “only不是解” “any不是解” “none不是解” “entirely不是解”
“absolute不是解”
“最高级不是解” …
*例外：在表示原因，表示方式、方法时。
“具体的不是解，概括性的是解”
只见树木，不见森林，这是很多学生阅读的一个阶段，命题者常利用这一点“欺负”考生，将解做成概括性的选项，干扰项使用具体的内容，使同学犯瞎子摸象的错误。
“both是解” “various是解” “and 是解” “名词复数是解” “many是解” “general是解” “not only…but also是解” “系表结构是解” …
“some是解”
some作解，既符合概括性的是解，也符合含义相对的是解。具备此两者“美德”的单词不多，所以some倍受命题者青睐，古今中外的各种考试中不时出现。别忽视了长相和some不一样的certain，其实质也是some的一种。
“someone是解” “somebody是解” “something是解” “someday是解” “certain(一些)是解”
…
“具体的不是解，抽象的是解”
与具体的选项相比，抽象的不容易理解，这成了命题者增加难度的常见手段。 “approach是解” “concept是解” “misconception是解” “awareness是解”
“property是解” “character是解” “chance是解” “opportunity是解”
…
“重要是解”
重要是解，是“抽象的是解”的一种常见形式。
“important是解” “necessity是解” “essential是解” “significant是解” “dominant是解” “special是解” “vital是解” “particular是解” “fundamental是解” …
“基础是解”
“basis是解” “be based on 是解” “basic 是解” “in the nature是解” “origin是解” “originate是解” …
“虚词型的解”
“another是解” “other是解” “more是解” “either是解” “also是解” “beside是解” “additional是解” “extra是解” “same是解” … “部分是解” “nearly是解” “not enough是解” “part是解” “inadequate是解” …
“简单的不是解，复杂的是解” “含义矛盾的是解” “different是解” “separation是解” “division是解” “X and not X是解” “instead of 是解” “complex是解” “discuss是解” “极端的不是解，中庸是解” “复合句是解” “长的是解” “比较结构是解” “字面意思不是解，深刻含义是解” “双重否定是解” “三重否定是解” “难的是解” “difficult是解” …
“相互作用是解” “interfere是解” “effect是解” “each other是解” “affect是解” “respond是解” “adapt to是解” “influence是解” “compensate是解” “associate
with是解” “relationship是解” “cooperation是解” “depend是解”
…
“变化是解”
“change是解” “shift是解” “vary是解” “alter是解” “variation是解” “formation是解” “no longer是解” “delay是解” “improve是解” “postpone是解” “increase是解” “convert是解” …
“积极向上的是解”
凡是参加考研的同学，都是国家重点培养的人才，作为国家的未来的代表，一定要注意灌输正面的、积极向上的思想，考研试题也不例外，这即是“积极向上的是解”的根源。
“objective是解”：记住作者的态度一般永远是客观的，如果选项中出现此选项的话。
“独出心裁是解” “new是解” “inventive是解” …
“主观是解”
主观的难于客观的，符合“难的是解”
“忽视是解” “neglect 是解” “ignore是解” “expect是解” “speculate是解”
“suspect是解” “overlook是解” “overestimate是解” “like是解” “dislike是解” … 二选一，50%概率求解的方法：
“反义项，解在其中”
“形似项，解在其中”
“近义项，解在其中”
实战出真知，技巧是从大量试题中总结出来的，要想真正掌握技巧，那就要去实战中去。望大家都能成功!!
教你如何分析题干选答案本文主要向大家介绍听力短对话的宏观方法，无论四级还是六级，听前的充分预读是必要的，因为只有认真的预读才能找到选项中的规律，另外，短对话必须遵守的一个原则就是：先听到什么不太可能是正确选项，后听到的才可能是正确答案，没听到什么最有可能选择什么！！！以下以六级题为例！！
第一招：相关保留原则
当选项中有两项表达意思相近时，那么正确答案必在这两项之中！这时只需稍微听一听对话，即可知答案，如果出现了双重相关，便可直接确认正确选项，只需听完对话加之认证一下即可！
典型例题：
4. A) Visiting the Browning.
B) Writing a postcard.
C) Looking for a postcard.
D) Filling in a form.
例题分析：B、C两项均含有 a poscard ，B、D两项均含有写...之意，即B、C和B、D构成双重相关，即可得出B为正确选项！
本题听力原文：
4. M: What\'s the matter? You\'ve been sitting there for ages, just staring into space.
W: I told the Browning I\'d send them a postcard. Now I don\'t know what to say.
Q: What\'s the woman doing?
第二招：异项保留原则
当选项中出现有意思明显相反的两项时，那么正确答案必在此二项中出现！如果出现双重异项，那么即可判断出正确答案，异项保留原则在六级考试听力短对话中应用广泛！
典型例题：
6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.
B) She can’t afford a computer right now.
C) The man can use her computer.
D) The man should buy a computer right away.
例题分析：B、C异项，B项的意思是她现在有电脑，C项的意思则是她现在没有电脑。B、D异项，B是说女方无电脑，而D是说男方无电脑，男女也是一种反意关系。所以根据双重异项原则可确定正确答案为B项！
本题听力原文：
6. M: I\'m frustrated. We\'re supposed to do our assignment on the
computer, but I have difficulty getting access to the computers in the library. W: I understand the way you feel. I\'m looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own.
Q: What does the woman mean?
第三招：女士保留原则
做题做多了，我们应该了解西方人的思维方式，当对话中出现女士的建议和要求时，我们一定要注意，这时女士说出来的话很可能就是正确选项的异意！因为女士经常以女神的形象出面，她们代表的是美好、正面、阳光的信息！ 典型例题：
9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.
B) The man should take up a new hobby.
C) The man should stop playing tennis.
D) The man should find the cause for his failure.
例题分析：通过选项我们可以分析出男人做一些事情遇到了困难，这时一位女人出来安慰男人，根据女神原则可知女人一定会让男人坚持把这件事情做下去，而不要放弃，这样的题型太多了，所以可呈现出一定的规律性！
本题听力原文：
9. M: I think I\'m going to give up playing tennis. I lost again today.
W: Just because you lost? It that the reason to quit?
Q: What does the woman imply?
第四招：概括、抽象保留原则
当选项中出现比较概括、抽象的句子时，这时我们就要把表述事实的、具体的句子划掉，而去选择表概、抽象、比较性的句子！此原则可衍生出一个包含取大的原则，在作题时应用也是十分的广泛，一般当两个选项的意思接近时，表述比较全面的一般为正确选项！
典型例题：
7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.
B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.
C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.
D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college
例题分析：A、C、D均为表述事实的句子，只有B项为对比、比较的句子，较之A、C、D项更为抽象的表述了一件事情，所以B项为正确选项！
本题听力原文：
7. M: The visiting economist is speaking tonight, but Dr. Johnson doesn\'t seem to think much of him.
W: That\'s because Dr. Johnson comes from an entirely different school of thought.
Q: What do we learn from the woman\'s remark?
第五招：态度和虚拟保留原则
这两种方法一般无单独命题的规律性，只是作为上述四种宏观方法的辅助方法出现，当只剩下两个选项时，通常正态度的选项容易是正确答案，表虚拟的选项更容易是正确答案！
2010年12月英语六级全真冲刺翻译预测
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
72. Southern Africa has ________________________ (该病的患病率最高，几乎是亚洲的两倍).
73. It is time the authorities concerned________________________ (采取适当措施来解决交通).
74. In my opinion, playing video games ________________________ (既花费大量的时间也有害健康).
75. When it comes to education, ________________________ (多数人都认为教育是终生学习).
76. The situation will worsen ________________________ (除非采取措施加以阻止).
答案解析：
Part VI Translation
72. the highest rates of this disease，almost twice that of Asia
"患病率"可用the rates of this disease来表示;"几乎……"应该作"患病率"的补语，可译为省略结构;"两倍"应为twice，此处指的是南非的发病率是亚洲的发病率的两倍，因此应译为twice that of Asia，其中that指代的就是the rates of this disease。
73. took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
该句包含it is time…的结构，该结构一般表示虚拟，其从句要用一般过去时。"采取措施"为从句谓语，因此要译为took steps或took measures;"来解决交通问题"为不定式表示目的，其中"解决问题"可译为固定动宾搭配solve problems。此处还可译为took proper measures to solve the traffic problems。
74. not only takes much time but is also harmful to health
由给出的中英文可知，playing video games应为句子主语，其谓语动词应采用单数第三人称形式。"既……又……"应译为not only…but also;"花费(时间)"可译为take，"有害(健康)"可译为be harmful to。
75. the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study
结合给出的中英文可知，"教育是终生学习"可译为"认为"的宾语从句。"多数人"应译为the majority of people，"认为"可译为think或believe。而"终生学习"则为a lifetime study。
76. unless some steps are taken to stop it
结合给出的中英文可知，所译部分应为unless引导的条件状语从句。中文部分并没有明确给出是谁"采取措施"，因此应用被动语态;"措施"可译为measure或step，表示目的的"加以"可译为不定式的标志词to，还要注意"阻止"的宾语应为situation，翻译时可用代词it来指代。
82.There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone __________________ (那晚打扰我).
83.We didn't know his telephone number, _________________________ (否则我们会给他打电话的).
84.Not only ___________________ (护士们要求提高工资), but they want reduced hours as well.
85.The newspaper did not mention _____________________ (火灾造成的损害的程度).
86._________________ (尽管演技极好) and well-developed plot the three-hour moive could not hold our attention.
答案详解
Part Ⅵ Translation
82.had interrupted me that evening 本题考查对interrupt用法的掌握。 interrupt意为"打断(某人)的讲话,打扰", "打扰某人"可用interrupt sb. 来表达,因为interrupt发生在本句中的动词was之前,所以用had interrupted。
83.otherwise we would have telephoned him 本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握。句中的otherwise "否则" 是对前面所述事实的否定,实际上相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,即If we had known his telephone number,因此后面句子应该采用相应的虚拟语气,谓语动词用would have done 的形式。
84.do the nurses want a pay increase 本题考查对倒装结构的掌握。含有否定意义的词或短语在句中作状语时,如位于句首,则其所在句要求部分倒装。本句中not only(不仅)明显含有否定意义,故其所在的句子需要部分倒装,应将助动词do提到主语the nurses之前。
85.the extent of the damage caused by the fire / the extent of the damage that the fire caused 表示 "损害的程度",一般用the extent of the damage; "火灾造成的"可以翻译成定语从句,也可以直接用过去分词作后置定语。
86.Despite the wonderful acting / In spite of the wonderful acting 本题考查对despite和in spite of用法的掌握。"精妙的演技"与后面的well-developed
plot(构思巧妙的情节)是由and连接的并列成分，由此可知,本句中的"尽管"不能用连词来表达,而只能用介词despite 或介词短语in spite of。
82. He did very well in his exams,_________________________(考虑到他学的很少).
83. Beijing has announced that________________________(在任何情况下，中国将不首先使用核武器).
84. A few people seek refuge from reading,________________________(但如果这样做，就失去了读书的全部意义)
85. The global economy boomed in the 1960s,_______________________(以年均
5.5%的速度增长).
86. After his long talk with his father,____________________________(他的脸上很快就又露出自信的神情).
82. 答案considering that he had studied so little
解析：此空是对介词"考虑到"的考查。"考虑到"可用considering，given。考生要注意本句话的时代，考试已经结束了，复习是在考试之前的，所以使用过去完成时。
83. 答案under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons first
解析：本题考查倒装。"在任何条件下都不"可翻译为under no circumstances，in no case等，这些带有no的短语放在句首，后面的句子要用倒装，助词will放在主语China的前面。
84. 答案but they are missing the full significance if they do so
解析：此句比较简单，两句之间是假设关系，选择连词if；"失去"选择动词miss。
85. 答案growing at an average of 5.5 percent a year
解析：此空是对固定短语的考查，"以年均......的速度"，常用的短语为at an average of。同时考生要注意，后半句用动词的现在分词作伴随状语。
86. 答案his face quickly resumed its confident expression
解析：本题比较简单，考查了动词的用法。"重新出现，恢复"用动词resume。 具体来说，像写作一样，翻译也分为三步:
(一)理解
即通读并透彻理解原文含义，包括理解出题人想考察的语法或搭配。语法如虚拟语气、倒装、不定式、分词、情态动词、各种从句等等;搭配如动宾搭配、介宾搭配等等。
(二)翻译
确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。实在无法准确猜出出题人的意向，就用解释的方法写出答案。
(三)审校
首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译;其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正
abide by，conform to , comply with 遵守 (be) abundant in(be rich in) 富于，富有
of one’s own accord(willingly)自愿地 ,主动地
in accordance with (according to) 依照，根据 in terms of 根据
take…into account(take into consideration)把..。考虑进去
on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要
adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
in addition to(=as well as)除…外 in advance 预告， 事先。
take advantage of (=make the best of, make use of)利用。
in the air不肯定，在谣传中。 appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁.
appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 approve of赞成 in favour of 赞成
assure sb. of sth向…保证， 使…确信
make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth。) 试图做… attend to侍候，照料
attribute…to把.。归因于.. contribute to 有助于 due to 是由于
at one’s back支持，维护 on the basis of 根据… for the benefit of 为了…的利益 get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打败 in blossom开花 in bulk 成批地
center on(=focus on) 把注意力集中在…上 by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… round the clock(昼夜不停地
commit oneself to 致力于 compare…with … 把…与…比较
ompare…to… 把…比作… on condition that (if)如果 in the event that
confide in 对…讲真心话， be confronted with 面对， 面临
in connection with与…有关 be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道 consent to同意 under consideration 在考虑中 consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的 contrary to (opposite to) 与…相反 in contrast to/with 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下 by comparison 比较起来 at all costs不惜任何代价 . go to any length想一切办法 by all means不惜一切。
at the cost of 以…为代价(at the expense of) to one’s credit使某人感到光荣
be critical of 爱挑毛病的，不满 out of date过时的；up to date最近的，时兴的；
date back to回溯到； date from从某时期开始
on the decline 在衰退中， 在减少中 in demand有需求
deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 deviate from 偏离
fall back (retreat, turn back) 撤退 dispose of (get rid of ,throw away)处理掉
beyond dispute 无可争议 in dispute 在争议中
distinguish…from 把…与…区别开 do away with废除，杀掉
on earth 究竟， 在世上 at ease自在
go into effect 生效. come into effect; take effect 开始生效
place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调…上 at one’s wit’s end 智穷计尽
come to and end (finish) 结束 enter for 报名参加 be entitled to有权…,有资格… be equipped with 装备有，装有in essence 本质上 at all events 无论如何
at any rate 无论如何 in the event of(=in case of)万一
with the exception of (apart from) 除去…., 除…以外 in excess of超过
exchange…for 以…交换 exert oneself to do sth. 努力 come into existence开始存在 beyond expression无法形容 go to extremes 走极端
in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼，转眼间 keep faith with 对…守信用
lose faith in 对…失去信心 fall into the habit of养成…习惯
in fashion时兴，流行 be fed up with 厌烦 set the world on fire非常成功
六级考试考前两天必看精华 必须打印
at first sight乍一看 free of charge 免费 furnish…with (supply) 向…提供
take…for granted 把…认为理所当然的。 on the ground of (=because of) 以…为理由 be guilty of有…罪或过失 come to a halt (stop) 停止 head for前往 leave for 到…去 in one’s honour (in honour of)祝贺，纪念on memory of 为纪念…
on one’s honour 以某人的名誉担保 be identical with和…相同 impose…on 把…强加在 impress…on 给…留下印象 inclusive of 把…包括在内 indicative of 表明， 说明
be inferior to 比…差 superior to be innocent of 无罪的 in the interests of 符合…的利益 interfere in干涉 intervene in 干预 be involved in卷入 be jealous of 妒忌
(be) keen on 喜爱， 渴望 long for at large未被捕，详尽，普遍 lean against (背)靠着… in the light of考虑到， 根据 at the mercy of任…摆布， 在…支配下
make the most of 充分利用 nothing but 只有， 不过…而已
take notice of (pay attention) 注意 object to 反对 objection to (接动名词) 反对
once in a while (=occasionally) 偶尔 originate in/from起源于
on the outskirts (of) 在城郊 keep pace with 跟…并驾齐驱 take pains 尽力
part with 分手，舍弃，卖掉 participate in (take part in)参加
beside the point 离题 to the point 中肯， 切题 in practice 实际上，业务熟练
be(get) out of practice 荒疏，不熟练 in the presence of 在…在场的情况下
preside over / at 主持(会议，业务等) prevail over 占优势， 压倒， 战胜
prevent…from 使…不， 防止…做 previous to在…之前 prior to 在前
take pride in(=pride oneself on) 以…自豪 in progress进行中 in proportion to 与…成比例 out of the question不可能 out of question 毫无疑问 in question所谈及的 at random随便地， 任意地 react to 对…作出反应 reason with (=argue) 以理服人 refer to…as 把…称做… relevant to 与…有关的 in relation to …有关
resort to 诉诸于.。 respond to 对…反应 restrain…from抑制. restrict…to把.。限制于.。 give rise to (lead to) 引起， 导致 for the sake of (for the good or advantage of ) 为了…起见 be for sale 待售 on sale甩卖 scrape through(in) 勉强通过 in season 旺季
for short为简便，简称 in short简称 be short of缺乏，不够 take the side of 站在…一边 at the sight of 一看见… be in sight看得见 out of sight 看不见
speak ill of 说…的坏话； speak well of 说…的好话 specialize in 擅长， 专攻
on the pot在现场， 在出事地点，立即 stand against反对stand for支持…
stick to 粘着， 坚持 submit…to 提交 be subject to 受支配
suspect sb. of 疑心某犯有… on second thoughts 经再三考虑之后
be typical of 是…的特点 in view of考虑到
be in the way碍事， 阻碍 in the way 对…方式 in a way 从某种程度上说
at the thought of一想到 yield to 对…屈服
六级写作模板——提纲式作文
1． 对立观点式
A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？
B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？
C. 我的看法。
观点 is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides
of opinions of it. Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。Besides, 反对X 的第二个理由.
From my point of view, I think _____. The reason is that _____. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.
2． 社会问题(现象)式
A．一个社会问题或者现象
B． 产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响
Nowadays, there exists(存在 )an increasingly（越来越多）serious social
/economic /environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common
concern of the public). It is estimated (估计)that ___. Why have there been so many ____? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.
The first one is ______. Besides,_____. The third one is _____. To sum up, the main cause of it is due to _____.
X has caused substantial(大量 )impact(影响)on the society and our daily life,
which has been articulated(阐明)in the following aspects. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3.
C’. 如何杜绝(如果是问题的话) ,前景的预测。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us
more harm. Firstly,措施1.Secondly,措施2.Thirdly, 措施3.
Based on the above discussions(讨论), I can easily forecast(预测)that more and more people will ……..
3.图标作文
A图标描述
B分析原因
C表明自己观点
As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture,____ has been on
rise/ decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that _____.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand,
____.In the other hand, _____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition, ______ is responsible负责for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show
______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned(提到)reasons are commonly convincing. (通常有说服力的)
As far as I am concerned（关注）, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
4.书信作文模板
Dear ...,
I am extremely（极）pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____.
……
I will greatly appreciate(欣赏)a response(反应)from you at your earliest
convenience方便/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest
convenience.
Best regards(关心)for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
表原因的有以下短语：
1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
2）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
4）most important of all, moreover, finally
5）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
6）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
根据我的总结，这次考观点对比的可能性较大，其次就是社会现象题，好好准备吧。多看看别人的文章，作下对比。
英语六级考试技巧:
新东方的保密资料】四六级的规律，不懂照样过！给所有准备四六级的
深层剖析解的特征
每道都由题干（即问题）与四个选项组成。我对四个选项这样划分：其中一个是答案的选项称为解，其余三个选项不称为选项，而称为干扰项，因为几乎每个选项都被命题者加上了十足的功力，麻痹考生，以达到不容易被考生答对的目的。这样由命题难度梯度决定，解必然有如下特点：
“中心思想是解”
对一主题题型“中心思想是解”非常好理解。但大家一定要注意到大多数细节题
也符合“中心思想是解”，因为很多细节刀是围绕中心的细枝末节。
“隐蔽处有解”
指方章中的或一名话的隐蔽之，常见有同位语、插入语、定语、长句后半句、从句、副词、不定式等。
“合理项不是解；不合理项是解；无关项是解；事实是解”
问：“狗是干什么的？
答：“狗是看门的”
在各类英语考试中，这种选项显然是错误的因为人人都知道狗是看门的，狗是看门的是常识，是典型的合理项，合理项不是解。那么，狗是干什么的？我给大家举个例子：狗是锻炼身体的。很多同学不理解，觉得没有道理。其实文章中很可能六我们家养了一条狗，每天早上我和狗都去跑步，狗跑多快，我就跑多快，后来我身体就越来越好，所以狗就成了锻炼身体的了。但问题问狗是干什么的，干扰项中必然出现诸如狗是看门的选项，那是给那些想瞎猜的人准备的，理由很简单，就是不能让考生不看文章答对题。
总之合理项是指合理的选项，合理项主要分为两种情况:一种是生活常识，另一种是在不看文章的前提下，问题与答案极其吻合。
但想想看，反其道而行之呢？对策：“合理项不是解；不合理项是解；无关项是解；事实是解”。
“照抄原文不是解；同义替换是解”
如果选项中出现照抄原文的情况，有时选项同文章中的某句话一模一样，此选项高度可疑，而某选项通过同义替换，或词类转换如由名词转换成动词，则“同义替换是解”。
“含义肯定的不是解，含义不肯定的是解”
“人之初，性本善。”人类的本质是善良、这一点在考试上也一样，很多同学出于善良、朴实的天性喜欢得出一个确定的结论。“文章我看就要看懂懂，结论一定要明确”，很多同学就是这样想的，但一选就容易错误。命题者从加大题目难度的考虑，当考到对一个问题的结论的时候，通常不会让您得到肯定的一个结论，即使有非常明确结论的东西他也不喜欢考，要不怎么达到15%~18%通过率哪？这样我们很同学答题很不对路，而我则不一样，一见到含义不肯定的、模模糊糊的东西就喜欢，就觉得心潮澎湃，因为我知道不但我能答对此题，而且还知道别人错在那里，这里提醒大家一定要从思维上战胜考试。
“can是解” “could是解”“may是解” “usually是解” “Ｒight是解” “most是解” “more or less是解” “relatively是解” “be likely to是解” “whether or是解” “not definitely是解” “possible是解” “suspicion是解” “not necessarily是解” “dubious是解” “hesitate是解” “suggest是解” …
“潜在的是解” “potential是解” “trend是解” “threat是解” ...
“未知是解” “unknown是解”…
“绝对的不是解” “must不是解” “always不是解” “never不是解”“the most不是解”
“all不是解” “only不是解” “any不是解” “none不是解” “entirely不是解”
“absolute不是解”
“最高级不是解” …
*例外：在表示原因，表示方式、方法时。
“具体的不是解，概括性的是解”
只见树木，不见森林，这是很多学生阅读的一个阶段，命题者常利用这一点“欺负”考生，将解做成概括性的选项，干扰项使用具体的内容，使同学犯瞎子摸象的错误。
“both是解” “various是解” “and 是解” “名词复数是解” “many是解” “general是解” “not only…but also是解” “系表结构是解” …
“some是解”
some作解，既符合概括性的是解，也符合含义相对的是解。具备此两者“美德”的单词不多，所以some倍受命题者青睐，古今中外的各种考试中不时出现。别忽视了长相和some不一样的certain，其实质也是some的一种。
“someone是解” “somebody是解” “something是解” “someday是解” “certain(一些)是解”
…
“具体的不是解，抽象的是解”
与具体的选项相比，抽象的不容易理解，这成了命题者增加难度的常见手段。 “approach是解” “concept是解” “misconception是解” “awareness是解”
“property是解” “character是解” “chance是解” “opportunity是解”
…
“重要是解”
重要是解，是“抽象的是解”的一种常见形式。
“important是解” “necessity是解” “essential是解” “significant是解” “dominant是解” “special是解” “vital是解” “particular是解” “fundamental是解” …
“基础是解”
“basis是解” “be based on 是解” “basic 是解” “in the nature是解” “origin是解” “originate是解” …
“虚词型的解”
“another是解” “other是解” “more是解” “either是解” “also是解” “beside是解” “additional是解” “extra是解” “same是解” … “部分是解” “nearly是解” “not enough是解” “part是解” “inadequate是解” …
“简单的不是解，复杂的是解” “含义矛盾的是解” “different是解” “separation是解” “division是解” “X and not X是解” “instead of 是解” “complex是解” “discuss是解” “极端的不是解，中庸是解” “复合句是解” “长的是解” “比较结构是解” “字面意思不是解，深刻含义是解” “双重否定是解” “三重否定是解” “难的是解” “difficult是解” …
“相互作用是解” “interfere是解” “effect是解” “each other是解” “affect是解” “respond是解” “adapt to是解” “influence是解” “compensate是解” “associate
with是解” “relationship是解” “cooperation是解” “depend是解”
…
“变化是解”
“change是解” “shift是解” “vary是解” “alter是解” “variation是解” “formation是解” “no longer是解” “delay是解” “improve是解” “postpone是解” “increase是解” “convert是解” …
“积极向上的是解”
凡是参加考研的同学，都是国家重点培养的人才，作为国家的未来的代表，一定要注意灌输正面的、积极向上的思想，考研试题也不例外，这即是“积极向上的是解”的根源。
“objective是解”：记住作者的态度一般永远是客观的，如果选项中出现此选项的话。
“独出心裁是解” “new是解” “inventive是解” …
“主观是解”
主观的难于客观的，符合“难的是解”
“忽视是解” “neglect 是解” “ignore是解” “expect是解” “speculate是解”
“suspect是解” “overlook是解” “overestimate是解” “like是解” “dislike是解” … 二选一，50%概率求解的方法：
“反义项，解在其中”
“形似项，解在其中”
“近义项，解在其中”
实战出真知，技巧是从大量试题中总结出来的，要想真正掌握技巧，那就要去实战中去。望大家都能成功!!
教你如何分析题干选答案本文主要向大家介绍听力短对话的宏观方法，无论四级还是六级，听前的充分预读是必要的，因为只有认真的预读才能找到选项中的规律，另外，短对话必须遵守的一个原则就是：先听到什么不太可能是正确选项，后听到的才可能是正确答案，没听到什么最有可能选择什么！！！以下以六级题为例！！
第一招：相关保留原则
当选项中有两项表达意思相近时，那么正确答案必在这两项之中！这时只需稍微听一听对话，即可知答案，如果出现了双重相关，便可直接确认正确选项，只需听完对话加之认证一下即可！
典型例题：
4. A) Visiting the Browning.
B) Writing a postcard.
C) Looking for a postcard.
D) Filling in a form.
例题分析：B、C两项均含有 a poscard ，B、D两项均含有写...之意，即B、C和B、D构成双重相关，即可得出B为正确选项！
本题听力原文：
4. M: What\'s the matter? You\'ve been sitting there for ages, just staring into space.
W: I told the Browning I\'d send them a postcard. Now I don\'t know what to say.
Q: What\'s the woman doing?
第二招：异项保留原则
当选项中出现有意思明显相反的两项时，那么正确答案必在此二项中出现！如果出现双重异项，那么即可判断出正确答案，异项保留原则在六级考试听力短对话中应用广泛！
典型例题：
6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.
B) She can’t afford a computer right now.
C) The man can use her computer.
D) The man should buy a computer right away.
例题分析：B、C异项，B项的意思是她现在有电脑，C项的意思则是她现在没有电脑。B、D异项，B是说女方无电脑，而D是说男方无电脑，男女也是一种反意关系。所以根据双重异项原则可确定正确答案为B项！
本题听力原文：
6. M: I\'m frustrated. We\'re supposed to do our assignment on the
computer, but I have difficulty getting access to the computers in the library. W: I understand the way you feel. I\'m looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own.
Q: What does the woman mean?
第三招：女士保留原则
做题做多了，我们应该了解西方人的思维方式，当对话中出现女士的建议和要求时，我们一定要注意，这时女士说出来的话很可能就是正确选项的异意！因为女士经常以女神的形象出面，她们代表的是美好、正面、阳光的信息！ 典型例题：
9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.
B) The man should take up a new hobby.
C) The man should stop playing tennis.
D) The man should find the cause for his failure.
例题分析：通过选项我们可以分析出男人做一些事情遇到了困难，这时一位女人出来安慰男人，根据女神原则可知女人一定会让男人坚持把这件事情做下去，而不要放弃，这样的题型太多了，所以可呈现出一定的规律性！
本题听力原文：
9. M: I think I\'m going to give up playing tennis. I lost again today.
W: Just because you lost? It that the reason to quit?
Q: What does the woman imply?
第四招：概括、抽象保留原则
当选项中出现比较概括、抽象的句子时，这时我们就要把表述事实的、具体的句子划掉，而去选择表概、抽象、比较性的句子！此原则可衍生出一个包含取大的原则，在作题时应用也是十分的广泛，一般当两个选项的意思接近时，表述比较全面的一般为正确选项！
典型例题：
7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.
B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.
C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.
D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college
例题分析：A、C、D均为表述事实的句子，只有B项为对比、比较的句子，较之A、C、D项更为抽象的表述了一件事情，所以B项为正确选项！
本题听力原文：
7. M: The visiting economist is speaking tonight, but Dr. Johnson doesn\'t seem to think much of him.
W: That\'s because Dr. Johnson comes from an entirely different school of thought.
Q: What do we learn from the woman\'s remark?
第五招：态度和虚拟保留原则
这两种方法一般无单独命题的规律性，只是作为上述四种宏观方法的辅助方法出现，当只剩下两个选项时，通常正态度的选项容易是正确答案，表虚拟的选项更容易是正确答案！
2010年12月英语六级全真冲刺翻译预测
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
72. Southern Africa has ________________________ (该病的患病率最高，几乎是亚洲的两倍).
73. It is time the authorities concerned________________________ (采取适当措施来解决交通).
74. In my opinion, playing video games ________________________ (既花费大量的时间也有害健康).
75. When it comes to education, ________________________ (多数人都认为教育是终生学习).
76. The situation will worsen ________________________ (除非采取措施加以阻止).
答案解析：
Part VI Translation
72. the highest rates of this disease，almost twice that of Asia
"患病率"可用the rates of this disease来表示;"几乎……"应该作"患病率"的补语，可译为省略结构;"两倍"应为twice，此处指的是南非的发病率是亚洲的发病率的两倍，因此应译为twice that of Asia，其中that指代的就是the rates of this disease。
73. took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
该句包含it is time…的结构，该结构一般表示虚拟，其从句要用一般过去时。"采取措施"为从句谓语，因此要译为took steps或took measures;"来解决交通问题"为不定式表示目的，其中"解决问题"可译为固定动宾搭配solve problems。此处还可译为took proper measures to solve the traffic problems。
74. not only takes much time but is also harmful to health
由给出的中英文可知，playing video games应为句子主语，其谓语动词应采用单数第三人称形式。"既……又……"应译为not only…but also;"花费(时间)"可译为take，"有害(健康)"可译为be harmful to。
75. the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study
结合给出的中英文可知，"教育是终生学习"可译为"认为"的宾语从句。"多数人"应译为the majority of people，"认为"可译为think或believe。而"终生学习"则为a lifetime study。
76. unless some steps are taken to stop it
结合给出的中英文可知，所译部分应为unless引导的条件状语从句。中文部分并没有明确给出是谁"采取措施"，因此应用被动语态;"措施"可译为measure或step，表示目的的"加以"可译为不定式的标志词to，还要注意"阻止"的宾语应为situation，翻译时可用代词it来指代。
82.There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone __________________ (那晚打扰我).
83.We didn't know his telephone number, _________________________ (否则我们会给他打电话的).
84.Not only ___________________ (护士们要求提高工资), but they want reduced hours as well.
85.The newspaper did not mention _____________________ (火灾造成的损害的程度).
86._________________ (尽管演技极好) and well-developed plot the three-hour moive could not hold our attention.
答案详解
Part Ⅵ Translation
82.had interrupted me that evening 本题考查对interrupt用法的掌握。 interrupt意为"打断(某人)的讲话,打扰", "打扰某人"可用interrupt sb. 来表达,因为interrupt发生在本句中的动词was之前,所以用had interrupted。
83.otherwise we would have telephoned him 本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握。句中的otherwise "否则" 是对前面所述事实的否定,实际上相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,即If we had known his telephone number,因此后面句子应该采用相应的虚拟语气,谓语动词用would have done 的形式。
84.do the nurses want a pay increase 本题考查对倒装结构的掌握。含有否定意义的词或短语在句中作状语时,如位于句首,则其所在句要求部分倒装。本句中not only(不仅)明显含有否定意义,故其所在的句子需要部分倒装,应将助动词do提到主语the nurses之前。
85.the extent of the damage caused by the fire / the extent of the damage that the fire caused 表示 "损害的程度",一般用the extent of the damage; "火灾造成的"可以翻译成定语从句,也可以直接用过去分词作后置定语。
86.Despite the wonderful acting / In spite of the wonderful acting 本题考查对despite和in spite of用法的掌握。"精妙的演技"与后面的well-developed
plot(构思巧妙的情节)是由and连接的并列成分，由此可知,本句中的"尽管"不能用连词来表达,而只能用介词despite 或介词短语in spite of。
82. He did very well in his exams,_________________________(考虑到他学的很少).
83. Beijing has announced that________________________(在任何情况下，中国将不首先使用核武器).
84. A few people seek refuge from reading,________________________(但如果这样做，就失去了读书的全部意义)
85. The global economy boomed in the 1960s,_______________________(以年均
5.5%的速度增长).
86. After his long talk with his father,____________________________(他的脸上很快就又露出自信的神情).
82. 答案considering that he had studied so little
解析：此空是对介词"考虑到"的考查。"考虑到"可用considering，given。考生要注意本句话的时代，考试已经结束了，复习是在考试之前的，所以使用过去完成时。
83. 答案under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons first
解析：本题考查倒装。"在任何条件下都不"可翻译为under no circumstances，in no case等，这些带有no的短语放在句首，后面的句子要用倒装，助词will放在主语China的前面。
84. 答案but they are missing the full significance if they do so
解析：此句比较简单，两句之间是假设关系，选择连词if；"失去"选择动词miss。
85. 答案growing at an average of 5.5 percent a year
解析：此空是对固定短语的考查，"以年均......的速度"，常用的短语为at an average of。同时考生要注意，后半句用动词的现在分词作伴随状语。
86. 答案his face quickly resumed its confident expression
解析：本题比较简单，考查了动词的用法。"重新出现，恢复"用动词resume。 具体来说，像写作一样，翻译也分为三步:
(一)理解
即通读并透彻理解原文含义，包括理解出题人想考察的语法或搭配。语法如虚拟语气、倒装、不定式、分词、情态动词、各种从句等等;搭配如动宾搭配、介宾搭配等等。
(二)翻译
确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。实在无法准确猜出出题人的意向，就用解释的方法写出答案。
(三)审校
首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译;其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正
abide by，conform to , comply with 遵守 (be) abundant in(be rich in) 富于，富有
of one’s own accord(willingly)自愿地 ,主动地
in accordance with (according to) 依照，根据 in terms of 根据
take…into account(take into consideration)把..。考虑进去
on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要
adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
in addition to(=as well as)除…外 in advance 预告， 事先。
take advantage of (=make the best of, make use of)利用。
in the air不肯定，在谣传中。 appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁.
appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 approve of赞成 in favour of 赞成
assure sb. of sth向…保证， 使…确信
make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth。) 试图做… attend to侍候，照料
attribute…to把.。归因于.. contribute to 有助于 due to 是由于
at one’s back支持，维护 on the basis of 根据… for the benefit of 为了…的利益 get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打败 in blossom开花 in bulk 成批地
center on(=focus on) 把注意力集中在…上 by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 charge sb. with …控告某人犯有… round the clock(昼夜不停地
commit oneself to 致力于 compare…with … 把…与…比较
ompare…to… 把…比作… on condition that (if)如果 in the event that
confide in 对…讲真心话， be confronted with 面对， 面临
in connection with与…有关 be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道 consent to同意 under consideration 在考虑中 consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的 contrary to (opposite to) 与…相反 in contrast to/with 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下 by comparison 比较起来 at all costs不惜任何代价 . go to any length想一切办法 by all means不惜一切。
at the cost of 以…为代价(at the expense of) to one’s credit使某人感到光荣
be critical of 爱挑毛病的，不满 out of date过时的；up to date最近的，时兴的；
date back to回溯到； date from从某时期开始
on the decline 在衰退中， 在减少中 in demand有需求
deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 deviate from 偏离
fall back (retreat, turn back) 撤退 dispose of (get rid of ,throw away)处理掉
beyond dispute 无可争议 in dispute 在争议中
distinguish…from 把…与…区别开 do away with废除，杀掉
on earth 究竟， 在世上 at ease自在
go into effect 生效. come into effect; take effect 开始生效
place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调…上 at one’s wit’s end 智穷计尽
come to and end (finish) 结束 enter for 报名参加 be entitled to有权…,有资格… be equipped with 装备有，装有in essence 本质上 at all events 无论如何
at any rate 无论如何 in the event of(=in case of)万一
with the exception of (apart from) 除去…., 除…以外 in excess of超过
exchange…for 以…交换 exert oneself to do sth. 努力 come into existence开始存在 beyond expression无法形容 go to extremes 走极端
in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼，转眼间 keep faith with 对…守信用
lose faith in 对…失去信心 fall into the habit of养成…习惯
in fashion时兴，流行 be fed up with 厌烦 set the world on fire非常成功
六级考试考前两天必看精华 必须打印
at first sight乍一看 free of charge 免费 furnish…with (supply) 向…提供
take…for granted 把…认为理所当然的。 on the ground of (=because of) 以…为理由 be guilty of有…罪或过失 come to a halt (stop) 停止 head for前往 leave for 到…去 in one’s honour (in honour of)祝贺，纪念on memory of 为纪念…
on one’s honour 以某人的名誉担保 be identical with和…相同 impose…on 把…强加在 impress…on 给…留下印象 inclusive of 把…包括在内 indicative of 表明， 说明
be inferior to 比…差 superior to be innocent of 无罪的 in the interests of 符合…的利益 interfere in干涉 intervene in 干预 be involved in卷入 be jealous of 妒忌
(be) keen on 喜爱， 渴望 long for at large未被捕，详尽，普遍 lean against (背)靠着… in the light of考虑到， 根据 at the mercy of任…摆布， 在…支配下
make the most of 充分利用 nothing but 只有， 不过…而已
take notice of (pay attention) 注意 object to 反对 objection to (接动名词) 反对
once in a while (=occasionally) 偶尔 originate in/from起源于
on the outskirts (of) 在城郊 keep pace with 跟…并驾齐驱 take pains 尽力
part with 分手，舍弃，卖掉 participate in (take part in)参加
beside the point 离题 to the point 中肯， 切题 in practice 实际上，业务熟练
be(get) out of practice 荒疏，不熟练 in the presence of 在…在场的情况下
preside over / at 主持(会议，业务等) prevail over 占优势， 压倒， 战胜
prevent…from 使…不， 防止…做 previous to在…之前 prior to 在前
take pride in(=pride oneself on) 以…自豪 in progress进行中 in proportion to 与…成比例 out of the question不可能 out of question 毫无疑问 in question所谈及的 at random随便地， 任意地 react to 对…作出反应 reason with (=argue) 以理服人 refer to…as 把…称做… relevant to 与…有关的 in relation to …有关
resort to 诉诸于.。 respond to 对…反应 restrain…from抑制. restrict…to把.。限制于.。 give rise to (lead to) 引起， 导致 for the sake of (for the good or advantage of ) 为了…起见 be for sale 待售 on sale甩卖 scrape through(in) 勉强通过 in season 旺季
for short为简便，简称 in short简称 be short of缺乏，不够 take the side of 站在…一边 at the sight of 一看见… be in sight看得见 out of sight 看不见
speak ill of 说…的坏话； speak well of 说…的好话 specialize in 擅长， 专攻
on the pot在现场， 在出事地点，立即 stand against反对stand for支持…
stick to 粘着， 坚持 submit…to 提交 be subject to 受支配
suspect sb. of 疑心某犯有… on second thoughts 经再三考虑之后
be typical of 是…的特点 in view of考虑到
be in the way碍事， 阻碍 in the way 对…方式 in a way 从某种程度上说
at the thought of一想到 yield to 对…屈服