法律英语词汇
一、有关机构的词汇
司法部门，司法的 judiciary
法院 court
基层人民法院 Basic People's Court
中级人民法院 Intermediate People's Court
高级人民法院 High People's Court
最高人民法院 Supreme People's Court
专门人民法院 special people's court
军事法院 military court
海事法院maritime court
铁路运输法院 railway transport court
审委会 judicial committee
合议庭 collegial panel
侦查机关 public security inspectorate
检察机关 procuratorate
公诉机关 public prosecution organ
公安局 public security bureau
派出所 public security station
地方人民检察院 local people's procuratorate
人民调解委员会 the people's conciliation committees
居民委员会 neighborhood committee
村民委员会 village committee
民政部门 civil affairs department
二、有关身份和称谓的词汇
公民 citizen
法人 legal person
未成年人 minor
成年人 adult
外国人 alien
无国籍人stateless person
无诉讼行为能力人 person with no legal capacity
监护人 guardian
个体工商户 Individual business
农村承包经营户 leaseholding farm household
个人合伙 individual partnership
法官 judge
代理审判员 acting judge
陪审员 assessor
陪审团 jury
检察官 prosecutor
代理检察员 acting prosecutor
公诉人 public prosecutor
当事人 party, litigant
法定代表人 legal representative
代理人 agent
诉讼代理人 Agents ad Litem
法定代理人 statutory agent
原告 complainant；plaintiff；prosecutor；accuser
共同原告 co-plaintiff
被告 defendant；the accused
共同被告 co-defendant
上诉人 petitioner
被上诉人 appellee, respondent
受害者 victim
犯人 convict
惯犯 habitual offender
犯罪分子 offender
律师 lawyer attorney
公证人 public notary
监狱长 warden
证人 witness
书记员clerk
翻译人员interpreter
鉴定人expert witnesse
勘验人 inspection personnel
外国企业 foreign enterprise
债权人 creditor
债务人 debtor
要约人 offeror
受要约人 offeree
作者 author
三、有关程序的词汇
案件 case
办案 handle a case
诉讼 lawsuit
案由 nature of case
案件受理费 litigation fee
起诉 initiate legal proceeding，sue, file a lawsuit
反诉 counter-claim
公诉 public prosecution
公诉书 bill of indictment
仲裁 arbitration
合议 panel hearing
回避 withdrawal
公开审判 public trial
两审终审原则 the court of second instance being that of last instance 审判权 judicial power
住所 domicile
惯常居所地 habitual residence
财产所在地 situs
公告 public announcement
书证 documentary evidence
物证 material evidence
视听资料 audio-visual material
证人证言 testimony of witness
传闻证据 hearsay
当事人陈述 statements of the parties
鉴定结论 expert conclusion
勘验笔录 records of inspection
质证 cross-examine
上诉 appeal
提起上诉 file an appeal
申请执行 apply for execution
独立审判 independent adjudication
发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial
维持原判 uphold verdict
发生法律效力 be legally effective
管辖权 jurisdiction
管辖权异议 objection to the jurisdiction of a court
标的物管辖权 subject matter jurisdiction
对人管辖权 in personam jurisdiction
对物管辖权 in rem jurisdiction
级别管辖 jurisdiction by forum level
专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction
起诉阶段 the pleading stage
审理 trial
不予受理 refusal to entertain a case
驳回起诉 rejection of a complaint
中止诉讼 suspension of legal proceeding
终结诉讼 termination of legal proceeding
缺席判决 default judgment
承认、放弃、变更诉讼请求 admit, waive or modify claims
提起反诉 file a counterclaim
简易程序 summary procedure
普通程序 ordinary procedure
辩护 defense
调解 mediate reconciliation
和解 accord
庭外和解 an out-of-court settlement
胜诉 winning suit
撤销 withdraw
开庭 in session
法庭辩论 court debate
处罚 penalty
处以…的惩罚 under penalty of
从宽处理 lenient punishment；liberal punishment
从轻处罚 impose a lenient sentence；lighter punishment
从重处罚 heavier punishment；severe punishment
调查 investigation
调查取证 investigate and collect evidence
定案结论 verdict
定案理由 reason for decision
财产保全 property preservation
先予执行 advance execution
检举 accusation
鉴定 identification
结案 wind up a case, close a case, settle a lawsuit
委托代理 entrusted agency
法定代理 statutory agency
指定代理 appointed agency
公开审理 public hearing
供认 confession
共谋 collude
共同犯罪 joint offence
共同实施违法行为 jointly committed the offence
故意伤害 intentional injury
过失 negligence
过失杀人 manslaughter
合法权益lawful benefit；lawful right
核实 verify
缓期执行 suspension of execution
缓刑 suspended sentence
极刑 capital punishment
加重刑罚 aggravate punishment
假释 parole
假证据 false evidence
监内执行 execution of punishment inside the prison
监狱 jail；prison
捏造 fabrication
捏造证据 fabricate evidence
伪证 perjury
搜查令 search warrant
死刑 capital punishment；death penalty
他杀 homicide
通缉令 order for arrest
窝藏罪犯 harbor a criminal
无期徒刑 life sentence；life imprisonment
宣告无罪 absolve
作案现场 scene of crime
标的 subject matter
禁令 injunction
优势证据 preponderance of evidence
表面证据 prima facie case
挑选法院 forum-shopping
四、有关法律法规的词汇
宪法 Constitutional law
民事诉讼法 Civil Procedure Law
行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedure Law
刑事诉讼法 criminal procedure law
知识产权法 intellectual property law
国际法 international law
国际私法 international private law
法案 bill
法令 decree
法律行为 act under the law
民事法律行为 civil juristic act
法律后果 legal effect
法律依据 legal basis
法律制裁 legal sanctions
法庭传票 bench warrant
法院所在地 venue of the court
反对 objection
反对驳回 objection overruled
妨碍司法公正 interfere with the course of justice；obstruction of justice 合法的 legitimate；lawful
非法的 illegal；unlawful
不动产 realty, real property, real estate
动产 personalty, personal estate, personal property ，chattel 违约 default
抵销 Offset
留置权，优先权 lien
期满，到期 expire
取消，丧失 rescind
有效的 valid
无效的 invalid
主权利 principal right
从权利 accessory right
主债务 principal debt
从债务 accessory debt
民事权利能力 capacity for civil rights
民事行为能力 capacity for civil conduct
完全民事行为能力 full capacity for civil conduct 限制民事行为能力 limited capacity for civil conduct 代理权 agency
债权 creditors' Right
知识产权intellectual Property Right
著作权 right of authorship
版权 copyright
专利权 patent
商标专用权 exclusive use of trademark
证明商标 certification trademark
发现权 right of discovery
姓名权 right of personal name
名称权 right of name
肖像权 right of portrait
名誉权 right of reputation
荣誉权 right of honour
婚姻自主权 right of marriage by choice
民事责任 civil liability
五， 其他
停止 cease
查封 seal up
扣押 distrain
冻结 freeze
没收 confiscate
过错 fault
正当防卫 justifiable defence
停止侵害 cessation of infringements
排除妨碍 removal of obstacles
消除危险 elimination of dangers
返还财产 return of property
恢复原状 restoration of original condition
修理、重作、更换 repair, reworking or replacement 赔偿损失 compensation for losses
支付违约金 payment of breach of contract damages 消除影响 elimination of ill effects
恢复名誉 rehabilitation of reputation
赔礼道歉 extension of apology
诉讼时效 limitation of action
不可抗力 force majeure
商誉 goodwill
假冒经营 passing off，palming off
在先使用者 senior user
在后使用者 junior user
特许权，版税 royalty
垄断 monopoly
专利 patent
有形载体 tangible medium
域名 public domain
衍生作品 deviate work
合理使用 fair use
损害 prejudice
合同 contract
合意 mutual assent
不当得利 unjust enrichment
履行、清偿 discharge
报酬 remuneration
要约 offer
承诺 acceptance
意思表示 intent indication
要约邀请 invitation for offer
撤回 withdrawn
撤销 revoke
追认 ratification
公平原则 the principle of equity
诚实信用原则 the principle of good faith 社会公德 social ethics
公共利益 public interest
国家秘密 State secrets
商业秘密 trade secrets
个人隐私 personal privacy
破产 bankrupt
清算 liquidation
11
法律英语词汇
一、有关机构的词汇
司法部门，司法的 judiciary
法院 court
基层人民法院 Basic People's Court
中级人民法院 Intermediate People's Court
高级人民法院 High People's Court
最高人民法院 Supreme People's Court
专门人民法院 special people's court
军事法院 military court
海事法院maritime court
铁路运输法院 railway transport court
审委会 judicial committee
合议庭 collegial panel
侦查机关 public security inspectorate
检察机关 procuratorate
公诉机关 public prosecution organ
公安局 public security bureau
派出所 public security station
地方人民检察院 local people's procuratorate
人民调解委员会 the people's conciliation committees
居民委员会 neighborhood committee
村民委员会 village committee
民政部门 civil affairs department
二、有关身份和称谓的词汇
公民 citizen
法人 legal person
未成年人 minor
成年人 adult
外国人 alien
无国籍人stateless person
无诉讼行为能力人 person with no legal capacity
监护人 guardian
个体工商户 Individual business
农村承包经营户 leaseholding farm household
个人合伙 individual partnership
法官 judge
代理审判员 acting judge
陪审员 assessor
陪审团 jury
检察官 prosecutor
代理检察员 acting prosecutor
公诉人 public prosecutor
当事人 party, litigant
法定代表人 legal representative
代理人 agent
诉讼代理人 Agents ad Litem
法定代理人 statutory agent
原告 complainant；plaintiff；prosecutor；accuser
共同原告 co-plaintiff
被告 defendant；the accused
共同被告 co-defendant
上诉人 petitioner
被上诉人 appellee, respondent
受害者 victim
犯人 convict
惯犯 habitual offender
犯罪分子 offender
律师 lawyer attorney
公证人 public notary
监狱长 warden
证人 witness
书记员clerk
翻译人员interpreter
鉴定人expert witnesse
勘验人 inspection personnel
外国企业 foreign enterprise
债权人 creditor
债务人 debtor
要约人 offeror
受要约人 offeree
作者 author
三、有关程序的词汇
案件 case
办案 handle a case
诉讼 lawsuit
案由 nature of case
案件受理费 litigation fee
起诉 initiate legal proceeding，sue, file a lawsuit
反诉 counter-claim
公诉 public prosecution
公诉书 bill of indictment
仲裁 arbitration
合议 panel hearing
回避 withdrawal
公开审判 public trial
两审终审原则 the court of second instance being that of last instance 审判权 judicial power
住所 domicile
惯常居所地 habitual residence
财产所在地 situs
公告 public announcement
书证 documentary evidence
物证 material evidence
视听资料 audio-visual material
证人证言 testimony of witness
传闻证据 hearsay
当事人陈述 statements of the parties
鉴定结论 expert conclusion
勘验笔录 records of inspection
质证 cross-examine
上诉 appeal
提起上诉 file an appeal
申请执行 apply for execution
独立审判 independent adjudication
发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial
维持原判 uphold verdict
发生法律效力 be legally effective
管辖权 jurisdiction
管辖权异议 objection to the jurisdiction of a court
标的物管辖权 subject matter jurisdiction
对人管辖权 in personam jurisdiction
对物管辖权 in rem jurisdiction
级别管辖 jurisdiction by forum level
专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction
起诉阶段 the pleading stage
审理 trial
不予受理 refusal to entertain a case
驳回起诉 rejection of a complaint
中止诉讼 suspension of legal proceeding
终结诉讼 termination of legal proceeding
缺席判决 default judgment
承认、放弃、变更诉讼请求 admit, waive or modify claims
提起反诉 file a counterclaim
简易程序 summary procedure
普通程序 ordinary procedure
辩护 defense
调解 mediate reconciliation
和解 accord
庭外和解 an out-of-court settlement
胜诉 winning suit
撤销 withdraw
开庭 in session
法庭辩论 court debate
处罚 penalty
处以…的惩罚 under penalty of
从宽处理 lenient punishment；liberal punishment
从轻处罚 impose a lenient sentence；lighter punishment
从重处罚 heavier punishment；severe punishment
调查 investigation
调查取证 investigate and collect evidence
定案结论 verdict
定案理由 reason for decision
财产保全 property preservation
先予执行 advance execution
检举 accusation
鉴定 identification
结案 wind up a case, close a case, settle a lawsuit
委托代理 entrusted agency
法定代理 statutory agency
指定代理 appointed agency
公开审理 public hearing
供认 confession
共谋 collude
共同犯罪 joint offence
共同实施违法行为 jointly committed the offence
故意伤害 intentional injury
过失 negligence
过失杀人 manslaughter
合法权益lawful benefit；lawful right
核实 verify
缓期执行 suspension of execution
缓刑 suspended sentence
极刑 capital punishment
加重刑罚 aggravate punishment
假释 parole
假证据 false evidence
监内执行 execution of punishment inside the prison
监狱 jail；prison
捏造 fabrication
捏造证据 fabricate evidence
伪证 perjury
搜查令 search warrant
死刑 capital punishment；death penalty
他杀 homicide
通缉令 order for arrest
窝藏罪犯 harbor a criminal
无期徒刑 life sentence；life imprisonment
宣告无罪 absolve
作案现场 scene of crime
标的 subject matter
禁令 injunction
优势证据 preponderance of evidence
表面证据 prima facie case
挑选法院 forum-shopping
四、有关法律法规的词汇
宪法 Constitutional law
民事诉讼法 Civil Procedure Law
行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedure Law
刑事诉讼法 criminal procedure law
知识产权法 intellectual property law
国际法 international law
国际私法 international private law
法案 bill
法令 decree
法律行为 act under the law
民事法律行为 civil juristic act
法律后果 legal effect
法律依据 legal basis
法律制裁 legal sanctions
法庭传票 bench warrant
法院所在地 venue of the court
反对 objection
反对驳回 objection overruled
妨碍司法公正 interfere with the course of justice；obstruction of justice 合法的 legitimate；lawful
非法的 illegal；unlawful
不动产 realty, real property, real estate
动产 personalty, personal estate, personal property ，chattel 违约 default
抵销 Offset
留置权，优先权 lien
期满，到期 expire
取消，丧失 rescind
有效的 valid
无效的 invalid
主权利 principal right
从权利 accessory right
主债务 principal debt
从债务 accessory debt
民事权利能力 capacity for civil rights
民事行为能力 capacity for civil conduct
完全民事行为能力 full capacity for civil conduct 限制民事行为能力 limited capacity for civil conduct 代理权 agency
债权 creditors' Right
知识产权intellectual Property Right
著作权 right of authorship
版权 copyright
专利权 patent
商标专用权 exclusive use of trademark
证明商标 certification trademark
发现权 right of discovery
姓名权 right of personal name
名称权 right of name
肖像权 right of portrait
名誉权 right of reputation
荣誉权 right of honour
婚姻自主权 right of marriage by choice
民事责任 civil liability
五， 其他
停止 cease
查封 seal up
扣押 distrain
冻结 freeze
没收 confiscate
过错 fault
正当防卫 justifiable defence
停止侵害 cessation of infringements
排除妨碍 removal of obstacles
消除危险 elimination of dangers
返还财产 return of property
恢复原状 restoration of original condition
修理、重作、更换 repair, reworking or replacement 赔偿损失 compensation for losses
支付违约金 payment of breach of contract damages 消除影响 elimination of ill effects
恢复名誉 rehabilitation of reputation
赔礼道歉 extension of apology
诉讼时效 limitation of action
不可抗力 force majeure
商誉 goodwill
假冒经营 passing off，palming off
在先使用者 senior user
在后使用者 junior user
特许权，版税 royalty
垄断 monopoly
专利 patent
有形载体 tangible medium
域名 public domain
衍生作品 deviate work
合理使用 fair use
损害 prejudice
合同 contract
合意 mutual assent
不当得利 unjust enrichment
履行、清偿 discharge
报酬 remuneration
要约 offer
承诺 acceptance
意思表示 intent indication
要约邀请 invitation for offer
撤回 withdrawn
撤销 revoke
追认 ratification
公平原则 the principle of equity
诚实信用原则 the principle of good faith 社会公德 social ethics
公共利益 public interest
国家秘密 State secrets
商业秘密 trade secrets
个人隐私 personal privacy
破产 bankrupt
清算 liquidation
11