动词的-ing 形式作状语
【观察】 观察下列句子中动词的-ing 形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。
1. Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.
2. She doesn’t feel like eating anything, being ill for a few days.
3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone.
5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular.
6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places.
7. While/When reading the book, he nodded from time to time.
8. Make sure to read all choices before deciding on the best answer.
9. After finishing reading the letter, he went on to write a reply.
10. On/Upon hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
11. The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
12. Though/Although raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
13. I have accepted this, not wanting to disappoint them. 14. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others.
【总结】
Ⅰ. 动词的-ing 形式作状语的用法
动词的-ing 形式作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。
◆作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。（如例句1）
◆作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。（如例句2）
◆作条件状语，多置于句首。（如例句3）
◆作让步状语，多置于句首。（如例句4）
◆作结果状语，多置于句末。（如例句5）
◆作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。（如例句6）
【区别】 动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语：
动词的-ing 形式表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的”结果。通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。有时为了强调，可在现在分词前加副词thus, therefore等。
动词不定式表示意料之外的结果。尤其是和only 连用。如：
She ran to the station, only to find that the train had left.
【特别提醒】 为强调-ing 形式所表达的意义，在-ing 形式短语前可用连词、介词或副词。 ◆“when/while+-ing 形式”强调-ing 形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生。（如例句7）
◆“before + -ing 形式”强调-ing 形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。（如例句8） ◆“after+动词的-ing 形式”强调-ing 形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。（如例句9） ◆“on/upon + -ing 形式”表示“一（刚）……就……”。（如例句10）
◆“thus + -ing 形式”表示结果。（如例句11）
◆“though /although+ -ing 形式”表示让步。（如例句12）
Ⅱ. 动词的-ing 形式的否定形式
动词的-ing 形式的否定形式为“not+-ing形式”。（如例句13）
【难点点拨】 动词的-ing 形式作状语应该注意的问题：
◆现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，且为主动关系。
◆独立成分作状语。常见的有：generally speaking一般地说；strictly speaking 严格地说；frankly speaking 坦率地说；exactly speaking 确切地说；judging from/by 由……判断出。（如例句14） 语法巩固练习
句型转换。(每空一词)
1. I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.
→I stood by the door, to say a word. →I could not but laugh such a funny sight. → in the factory, he was an advanced worker. → in the factory, he was an advanced worker. → his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him. → on the bright side of things, you will live happily. → on the bright side of things, you will live happily. → the classroom, please turn off the lights. →He worked day and night, himself near-sighted. →He worked day and night, himself near-sighted. 2. I could not but laugh as soon as I saw such a funny sight. 3. While he was working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 4. Because I didn’t know his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him. 5. Look on the bright side of things, and you will live happily. 6. Before you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights. 7. He worked day and night, and as a result it made himself near-sighted.
8. The three young girls stood under the tree, and they laughed and talked merrily.
→The three young girls stood under the tree, and merrily.
Keys:
1. not daring 2. on/upon seeing
3. Working; While working 4. Not knowing
5. If you look; Looking
6. Before leaving 7. making; thus making 8. laughing; talking
动词的-ing 形式作状语
【观察】 观察下列句子中动词的-ing 形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。
1. Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.
2. She doesn’t feel like eating anything, being ill for a few days.
3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone.
5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular.
6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places.
7. While/When reading the book, he nodded from time to time.
8. Make sure to read all choices before deciding on the best answer.
9. After finishing reading the letter, he went on to write a reply.
10. On/Upon hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
11. The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
12. Though/Although raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
13. I have accepted this, not wanting to disappoint them. 14. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others.
【总结】
Ⅰ. 动词的-ing 形式作状语的用法
动词的-ing 形式作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。
◆作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。（如例句1）
◆作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。（如例句2）
◆作条件状语，多置于句首。（如例句3）
◆作让步状语，多置于句首。（如例句4）
◆作结果状语，多置于句末。（如例句5）
◆作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。（如例句6）
【区别】 动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语：
动词的-ing 形式表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的”结果。通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。有时为了强调，可在现在分词前加副词thus, therefore等。
动词不定式表示意料之外的结果。尤其是和only 连用。如：
She ran to the station, only to find that the train had left.
【特别提醒】 为强调-ing 形式所表达的意义，在-ing 形式短语前可用连词、介词或副词。 ◆“when/while+-ing 形式”强调-ing 形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生。（如例句7）
◆“before + -ing 形式”强调-ing 形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。（如例句8） ◆“after+动词的-ing 形式”强调-ing 形式在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。（如例句9） ◆“on/upon + -ing 形式”表示“一（刚）……就……”。（如例句10）
◆“thus + -ing 形式”表示结果。（如例句11）
◆“though /although+ -ing 形式”表示让步。（如例句12）
Ⅱ. 动词的-ing 形式的否定形式
动词的-ing 形式的否定形式为“not+-ing形式”。（如例句13）
【难点点拨】 动词的-ing 形式作状语应该注意的问题：
◆现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，且为主动关系。
◆独立成分作状语。常见的有：generally speaking一般地说；strictly speaking 严格地说；frankly speaking 坦率地说；exactly speaking 确切地说；judging from/by 由……判断出。（如例句14） 语法巩固练习
句型转换。(每空一词)
1. I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word.
→I stood by the door, to say a word. →I could not but laugh such a funny sight. → in the factory, he was an advanced worker. → in the factory, he was an advanced worker. → his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him. → on the bright side of things, you will live happily. → on the bright side of things, you will live happily. → the classroom, please turn off the lights. →He worked day and night, himself near-sighted. →He worked day and night, himself near-sighted. 2. I could not but laugh as soon as I saw such a funny sight. 3. While he was working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 4. Because I didn’t know his telephone number, I couldn’t ring him. 5. Look on the bright side of things, and you will live happily. 6. Before you leave the classroom, please turn off the lights. 7. He worked day and night, and as a result it made himself near-sighted.
8. The three young girls stood under the tree, and they laughed and talked merrily.
→The three young girls stood under the tree, and merrily.
Keys:
1. not daring 2. on/upon seeing
3. Working; While working 4. Not knowing
5. If you look; Looking
6. Before leaving 7. making; thus making 8. laughing; talking