英语所有前后缀意思
一.表示否定的前缀
1.dis -加在名词、形容词,动词之前。 disadvantage (缺点)dishonorable (不光彩的)disagree (不同意)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前 incorrect (不正确的),inability (无能,无力),inaccurate (不准确的)inhuman(无人道的) ,injustice(不公正的) ,inseparable(不可分的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p 之前 impossible (不可能的),impolite (不礼貌的),impudence (厚颜无耻),immoral(不道德的)
4.il-加在以1开头的词前 illegal (非法的),illiterate (文盲的,无文化的)illogical (不合逻辑的)
5.ir-加在以r 开头的词前 irregular (不规则的),irresistable (不可抵抗的),irresolvable (不能分解的,不能解决的) ,irrelative(无关系的) ,
4.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前 unfinished (未完成的)undoubted (无疑的)unemployment (失业)
7.non-加在形容词,名词前 non-existence (不存在),non-essential (不主要的),non-electrical (非电的)
8.mis -加在动词、名词之前 misunderstand (误解),misjudge (误判),misleading (误导),misfortune (不幸)
9.dis-加地动词之前 disappear (消失),disarm (解除武装),disconnect (失去联系) dishonest(不诚实的) ,disorder(无秩序的) deduce(推断)derail(脱轨)
Dis- 常与from 连用 表示离,散的意思, discount(折扣) ,distract(分散)
10.de-加在名词,形容词之前 demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白) ,devaluation 贬值,decode(解码) deforest(砍伐森林,decamp (撤营)
De- 离开常与from 连用 deport(驱逐) depart (出发), delete (删除)
11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前 anti-Japanese (抗日战争),anti-social (厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite (解毒药,antibody(抗体) ,antipathy( 反感) antiaging(抗衰老的)antifat(防止肥胖的)
12.counter-加在名词、动词前 counterattack (反攻,反击),counteract (抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution (反革命) counterargument(辩论,抗辩) counterflow(逆流) ,countermeasure(对策,反抗手段) counterpart(副本,配对物)
二. 表示“前before”的前缀
1.pre- preconception (成见),pre-exsiting (先于……而存在的),pre-selection (选举前的) preface (前言) precast(预制)
2.Ante- anteroom (前室,接待室),antecessor (先行者,先驱者)
3.Fore- forehaed (前额),foreground (前景),foreman (工头,领班),foresee (预见,先见),foretell (预言) forearm (前臂,预先武装) forefather(祖先,前辈) foreknowledge(预知,先见之明)
4.Pro- programme (计划),prologue (序幕) proactive(有前瞻性的,先前一步的)
5.Ex- ex-president (前任总统)ex-wife (前妻)ex-sodier(退伍军人)
三. 表示“后-post”的前缀
1.post- post-war (战后),post-position (后置词),postmeridian (下午),postdate(事后日期) ,postdoctor(博士后) postmodern( 后现代的)
四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀
1.Hypo- Hypocrisy (伪善,虚伪),hypothesis (假设),pypocholoride (次氯酸盐)
2.Infra- Infra-red (红外线),infrahuman (低于人类的),infrasonic (亚声的,次声的) 3.Sub- Sub-editou (副编辑),sub-way (地铁),sub-conscious (下意识的),submarine
(海下的),subtropical (亚热带的),subtitle (副标题)subculture(次文化) ,sub-health(亚健康)
五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.Re- Refuel (给…加油),retranslate (再译),reinforce (加强),reconstruct (重建),return (返回)recall(召回) ,回忆)retract(取回,缩回) ,restart, reconstruction (重建) reunion(重聚)
2.Retro- Retrograde (倒退的),retrospect (回顾)
3,Re- 反对,相反 rebel(谋反,反叛) ,reverse(反转,颠倒) ,resist(抵抗,反抗)
六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
1.Co- co-exist(共存) ,co-operate (合作),co-education (男女同校)
七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.Inter- Interchangeble (可互换的),interdipendert (互相依靠的),international (国际的),inter-national (交往)interact(相互影响的) interconnect(相互联系)
八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀
1.Ec- Eclipse (蚀),ecstasy (狂想)
2. 2.Extra- Extraordinary (非凡的),extramural (校外的),extrasensory (超感觉的) 九. 表示“超过”的前缀
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra- hyper-sensitive (过敏的),hyperactivity(极度活跃的) ,preterhuman (超人的)hypernatural(超自然的,异常的,不可思议的)
十.其它的前缀
1.auto-自 automatic (自动的),autobiography (自传)autofocus(自动聚焦的)
2.mal-坏,恶 Malnutrition (营养不良),maltreat (虐待)
3.Micro- Microscope (显微镜),microtome (切片机)microworld(微观世界) microelement(微量元素)
Macro 宏 macroworld(宏观世界) macroeconomics(宏观经济的) macroscale(大规模的)
4.Tele-远 Telegram (电报),telephone (电话),telescope (望远镜)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi- Semi-circle (半圆),hemisphere (半球),demilune (半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独) Monotone (单调),monologue (独白),uniform (制服)
7.Bi-,di-二 Biyearly (二年一次的),biweekly (二周一次的),dichloride (二氯化物) bicolor (两色之物)
8.Tri-三 Triangle (三角),tripod (三角架)
9.Multi-多 multi-colored (颜色多样的),multi-national (多国的) ,multilayer(多层的)
10.Poly –多 Polygon(多角形) ,polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch -首领 archbishop (大主教),architect (建筑师)
12.bene-善,好 benefit (利益),benevolence (善意)
13.homo-同 homosexual (同性恋的),homograph (同形异义字)
14.neo 新 neo-colonialism(新殖民主义) ,neolithic (新石器时代的)
15.ortho-正确,直 orthogonal (直角的),orthodox (正统)
16.philo-挚爱 philosopher (哲学家)
17.proto-原始 protohydrogen (初氢),prototype (原型),protoplasm (原生质)
18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的 pseudonym (匿名),pseudo-communism (假共产主义)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c 之前)从,自 avoid (避免),absent (缺少的),abstain (抑制),abstract (吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-来自 apology (道歉,谢罪),apostle (倡言者,先驱)
21.se-分离 separation (分开),secure (安全的),sedition (煽动叛乱)
22.para-防 parachute (降落伞),
23.omni-所有的,公共的 omnibus (公共汽车),omnipotence (万能)
24.pan-全,泛 Pan-American (全美的),pancean (万灵药),panorama (风景的全貌; 万花筒)
25.panto-全 pantisocracy (乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic (视野广大)
26.dia-通过,借以 diagonal (对角的),diagnosis (诊断),dialogue (对话)
27.Per-通过,彻底,不利 perambrlate (走来走去),perfect 极好的
28.trans-通过,横过 transcript (抄本, 副本; 记录),translation (翻译),trxnsparent (透明的),transport (运输),trans-plant (移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全 comment (评论),compile (编辑),correlation (相互关系),collect (收集),corruption (贪污腐败),collaborate (合作,合著)
30.syn-共同 synonym (同义词),synchronization (同步),syntonic (谐振的),synthetic (人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之后 metaphor (比喻),metaphysics (形而上学)
32.Cis-在这一边 cisatlantic (大西洋这边的)
33.pen-几乎,相近 peninsular (. 住在半岛上的居民, 半岛(状) 的, 形成半岛的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使…… encamp (扎营),enable(使……能) ,endear (使……受喜爱),embrace (拥抱, 抓住(机会) )
35.intro 内在 intracardiac (心脏内部的),intramolecular (分子内部的),intracelular (细胞内部的)
36.intro-到……中 introduce (介绍),introspect (反省,内省)
37.dys-坏 dyspepsia (消化不良),dysentry (痢疾)
38.Eu-优,美好 eulogy (颂词),euphony (悦耳的声音)
39.ambi-,amphi-两者 amphibian (两栖的),ambidextrous (两只手都很灵巧的; 心怀二意的; 非常灵巧的)
40.penta-五 pentagon (五角大楼),pentagram (五角星),pentameter (五步诗句)
41.sex-六 sexangle (六角),sexennial (六年一度的)
42. sept-七 September 九月(古罗马的七月),septennial (七年一度)
43.hepta-七 heptab (七个成套之物),heptagon (七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct 八 octagon (八角形),octuple (八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九 nonagon (九角形),ennead (九个一组)
46.deci-,deca-十 decimal (十进位的),decagramme (十克)
47.centi-百 centimeter (厘米),centipede (蜈蚣)
48.milli-千 millenias (千年的),millimeter (毫米)
49.Kilo-千 kilowatt (千瓦),kilometer (千米)
后缀
1.-ster ,-eer ,-er (or )意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester ,gangster ,songster ,engineer ,profiteer ,mountaineer ,auctioneer ,driver ,teacher ,director ,actor ,professor
2.-let 意为:小或者不重要的东西(small ,unimportant things)例词:booklet ,leaflet ,starlet
3.-ette 意为:1)小的东西(small )例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation )例词:leatherette
3)女性(female )例词: usherette
4.-ess 意为:女性(female )例词:actress ,poetess ,hostess ,paintress
5.-hood 意为:时期(status ;etc .)例词:boyhood ,childhood ,manhood
6.-ship 意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill ,state ,condition ,status ,quality )例词:leadership ,friendship ,membership ,lectureship ,sportsmanship
7.-ful 意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful ,handful , mouthful ,spoonful
8.-tion ,-ion 意为:1)状态,行动等(state ;action ;etc .)例词:action ,oppression ,possession ,education ,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution ;etc .)例词: organization ,foundation
9.-ment 意为:状态,行动等(state ; action ;etc .)例词:movement ,enslavement ,pavement
10.-al 意为:动作(action )例词:arrival ,refusal ,revival ,recital ,removal
11.-age 意为:程度,数量等(extent ; amount ;etc .)例词:wastage ,coverage , acreage ,shrinkage ,breakage ,hostage
12.-ness ;-ity (ty )意为:状态,品质(state ;quality ;etc .)例词:happiness , usefulness ,selfishness ,kindness ,rapidity ,activity ,sanity ,changeability
13.-ism 意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism , impressionism ,absenteeism ,racism
二、动词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ify 意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify , diversify ,simplify
2.-ize ;-en 意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize ,popularize ,legalize ,hospitalize ,symbolize ,ripen ,widen ,heighten ,threaten
3.-ate 意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate , hydrogenate ,validate ,differentiate
三、形容词后缀: 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ful 意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving ;etc .)例词:useful ,pitiful , hopeful ,helpful ,forgetful ,thankful , fearful
2.-less 意为:没有,无(without ;not giving)例词:speechless ,childless ,harmless ,hopeless ,meaningless
3.-ly 意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly ,manly , brotherly ,friendly
4.-like 意为:像……的(like )例词: childlike ,statesmanlike ,tiger-like
5.-y ;-ish 意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty ,sandy , silky ,hairy ,leafy ,watery ,foolish ,girlish ,blackish ,thinnish
6.-some 意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like ;causing ; having the quality of )例词:troublesome ,burdensome ,wholesome ,tiresome ,bothersome
7.-able (ible )意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable )例词: changeable ,readable ,drinkable ,comfortable ,expansible ,convincible
8.-ed 意为:有……的(having ,etc .)例词:wooded ,pointed ,moneyed , odd-shaped
9.-al 意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural ,personal ,regional ,musical
10.-ary (ory )意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to ;connected with )例词:revolutionary ,imaginary , contradictory
11.-ous 意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like )例词:glorious ,erroneous ,malicious ,gracious
12.-ic (ical )意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic ,historical ,methodic ,methodical ,dramatic ,heroic
13.-ive 意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to )例词:attractive , talkative ,restrictive ,defensive ,preventive ,constructive ,sensitive
四、副词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ly 意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc .) 例词:happily , boldly ,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward (s )意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward (s ),backward (s ),earthward (s ),homeward (s ),eastward (s )
3.-wise 意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise ,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise 有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting
英语所有前后缀意思
一.表示否定的前缀
1.dis -加在名词、形容词,动词之前。 disadvantage (缺点)dishonorable (不光彩的)disagree (不同意)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前 incorrect (不正确的),inability (无能,无力),inaccurate (不准确的)inhuman(无人道的) ,injustice(不公正的) ,inseparable(不可分的)
3.im-加在字母m,b,p 之前 impossible (不可能的),impolite (不礼貌的),impudence (厚颜无耻),immoral(不道德的)
4.il-加在以1开头的词前 illegal (非法的),illiterate (文盲的,无文化的)illogical (不合逻辑的)
5.ir-加在以r 开头的词前 irregular (不规则的),irresistable (不可抵抗的),irresolvable (不能分解的,不能解决的) ,irrelative(无关系的) ,
4.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前 unfinished (未完成的)undoubted (无疑的)unemployment (失业)
7.non-加在形容词,名词前 non-existence (不存在),non-essential (不主要的),non-electrical (非电的)
8.mis -加在动词、名词之前 misunderstand (误解),misjudge (误判),misleading (误导),misfortune (不幸)
9.dis-加地动词之前 disappear (消失),disarm (解除武装),disconnect (失去联系) dishonest(不诚实的) ,disorder(无秩序的) deduce(推断)derail(脱轨)
Dis- 常与from 连用 表示离,散的意思, discount(折扣) ,distract(分散)
10.de-加在名词,形容词之前 demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白) ,devaluation 贬值,decode(解码) deforest(砍伐森林,decamp (撤营)
De- 离开常与from 连用 deport(驱逐) depart (出发), delete (删除)
11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前 anti-Japanese (抗日战争),anti-social (厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite (解毒药,antibody(抗体) ,antipathy( 反感) antiaging(抗衰老的)antifat(防止肥胖的)
12.counter-加在名词、动词前 counterattack (反攻,反击),counteract (抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution (反革命) counterargument(辩论,抗辩) counterflow(逆流) ,countermeasure(对策,反抗手段) counterpart(副本,配对物)
二. 表示“前before”的前缀
1.pre- preconception (成见),pre-exsiting (先于……而存在的),pre-selection (选举前的) preface (前言) precast(预制)
2.Ante- anteroom (前室,接待室),antecessor (先行者,先驱者)
3.Fore- forehaed (前额),foreground (前景),foreman (工头,领班),foresee (预见,先见),foretell (预言) forearm (前臂,预先武装) forefather(祖先,前辈) foreknowledge(预知,先见之明)
4.Pro- programme (计划),prologue (序幕) proactive(有前瞻性的,先前一步的)
5.Ex- ex-president (前任总统)ex-wife (前妻)ex-sodier(退伍军人)
三. 表示“后-post”的前缀
1.post- post-war (战后),post-position (后置词),postmeridian (下午),postdate(事后日期) ,postdoctor(博士后) postmodern( 后现代的)
四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀
1.Hypo- Hypocrisy (伪善,虚伪),hypothesis (假设),pypocholoride (次氯酸盐)
2.Infra- Infra-red (红外线),infrahuman (低于人类的),infrasonic (亚声的,次声的) 3.Sub- Sub-editou (副编辑),sub-way (地铁),sub-conscious (下意识的),submarine
(海下的),subtropical (亚热带的),subtitle (副标题)subculture(次文化) ,sub-health(亚健康)
五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.Re- Refuel (给…加油),retranslate (再译),reinforce (加强),reconstruct (重建),return (返回)recall(召回) ,回忆)retract(取回,缩回) ,restart, reconstruction (重建) reunion(重聚)
2.Retro- Retrograde (倒退的),retrospect (回顾)
3,Re- 反对,相反 rebel(谋反,反叛) ,reverse(反转,颠倒) ,resist(抵抗,反抗)
六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
1.Co- co-exist(共存) ,co-operate (合作),co-education (男女同校)
七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.Inter- Interchangeble (可互换的),interdipendert (互相依靠的),international (国际的),inter-national (交往)interact(相互影响的) interconnect(相互联系)
八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀
1.Ec- Eclipse (蚀),ecstasy (狂想)
2. 2.Extra- Extraordinary (非凡的),extramural (校外的),extrasensory (超感觉的) 九. 表示“超过”的前缀
1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra- hyper-sensitive (过敏的),hyperactivity(极度活跃的) ,preterhuman (超人的)hypernatural(超自然的,异常的,不可思议的)
十.其它的前缀
1.auto-自 automatic (自动的),autobiography (自传)autofocus(自动聚焦的)
2.mal-坏,恶 Malnutrition (营养不良),maltreat (虐待)
3.Micro- Microscope (显微镜),microtome (切片机)microworld(微观世界) microelement(微量元素)
Macro 宏 macroworld(宏观世界) macroeconomics(宏观经济的) macroscale(大规模的)
4.Tele-远 Telegram (电报),telephone (电话),telescope (望远镜)
5.Demi-,semi-hemi- Semi-circle (半圆),hemisphere (半球),demilune (半月,新月)
6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独) Monotone (单调),monologue (独白),uniform (制服)
7.Bi-,di-二 Biyearly (二年一次的),biweekly (二周一次的),dichloride (二氯化物) bicolor (两色之物)
8.Tri-三 Triangle (三角),tripod (三角架)
9.Multi-多 multi-colored (颜色多样的),multi-national (多国的) ,multilayer(多层的)
10.Poly –多 Polygon(多角形) ,polytomic(多原子的)
11.Arch -首领 archbishop (大主教),architect (建筑师)
12.bene-善,好 benefit (利益),benevolence (善意)
13.homo-同 homosexual (同性恋的),homograph (同形异义字)
14.neo 新 neo-colonialism(新殖民主义) ,neolithic (新石器时代的)
15.ortho-正确,直 orthogonal (直角的),orthodox (正统)
16.philo-挚爱 philosopher (哲学家)
17.proto-原始 protohydrogen (初氢),prototype (原型),protoplasm (原生质)
18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的 pseudonym (匿名),pseudo-communism (假共产主义)
19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c 之前)从,自 avoid (避免),absent (缺少的),abstain (抑制),abstract (吸引)
20.Apo-,aph-来自 apology (道歉,谢罪),apostle (倡言者,先驱)
21.se-分离 separation (分开),secure (安全的),sedition (煽动叛乱)
22.para-防 parachute (降落伞),
23.omni-所有的,公共的 omnibus (公共汽车),omnipotence (万能)
24.pan-全,泛 Pan-American (全美的),pancean (万灵药),panorama (风景的全貌; 万花筒)
25.panto-全 pantisocracy (乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic (视野广大)
26.dia-通过,借以 diagonal (对角的),diagnosis (诊断),dialogue (对话)
27.Per-通过,彻底,不利 perambrlate (走来走去),perfect 极好的
28.trans-通过,横过 transcript (抄本, 副本; 记录),translation (翻译),trxnsparent (透明的),transport (运输),trans-plant (移植)
29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全 comment (评论),compile (编辑),correlation (相互关系),collect (收集),corruption (贪污腐败),collaborate (合作,合著)
30.syn-共同 synonym (同义词),synchronization (同步),syntonic (谐振的),synthetic (人工的,合成的)
31.meta-和,在……之后 metaphor (比喻),metaphysics (形而上学)
32.Cis-在这一边 cisatlantic (大西洋这边的)
33.pen-几乎,相近 peninsular (. 住在半岛上的居民, 半岛(状) 的, 形成半岛的)
34.en-,em-往……里,使…… encamp (扎营),enable(使……能) ,endear (使……受喜爱),embrace (拥抱, 抓住(机会) )
35.intro 内在 intracardiac (心脏内部的),intramolecular (分子内部的),intracelular (细胞内部的)
36.intro-到……中 introduce (介绍),introspect (反省,内省)
37.dys-坏 dyspepsia (消化不良),dysentry (痢疾)
38.Eu-优,美好 eulogy (颂词),euphony (悦耳的声音)
39.ambi-,amphi-两者 amphibian (两栖的),ambidextrous (两只手都很灵巧的; 心怀二意的; 非常灵巧的)
40.penta-五 pentagon (五角大楼),pentagram (五角星),pentameter (五步诗句)
41.sex-六 sexangle (六角),sexennial (六年一度的)
42. sept-七 September 九月(古罗马的七月),septennial (七年一度)
43.hepta-七 heptab (七个成套之物),heptagon (七角形)
44.octa-,octo,oct 八 octagon (八角形),octuple (八倍)October (十月)
45.nona-,ennea-九 nonagon (九角形),ennead (九个一组)
46.deci-,deca-十 decimal (十进位的),decagramme (十克)
47.centi-百 centimeter (厘米),centipede (蜈蚣)
48.milli-千 millenias (千年的),millimeter (毫米)
49.Kilo-千 kilowatt (千瓦),kilometer (千米)
后缀
1.-ster ,-eer ,-er (or )意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester ,gangster ,songster ,engineer ,profiteer ,mountaineer ,auctioneer ,driver ,teacher ,director ,actor ,professor
2.-let 意为:小或者不重要的东西(small ,unimportant things)例词:booklet ,leaflet ,starlet
3.-ette 意为:1)小的东西(small )例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation )例词:leatherette
3)女性(female )例词: usherette
4.-ess 意为:女性(female )例词:actress ,poetess ,hostess ,paintress
5.-hood 意为:时期(status ;etc .)例词:boyhood ,childhood ,manhood
6.-ship 意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill ,state ,condition ,status ,quality )例词:leadership ,friendship ,membership ,lectureship ,sportsmanship
7.-ful 意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful ,handful , mouthful ,spoonful
8.-tion ,-ion 意为:1)状态,行动等(state ;action ;etc .)例词:action ,oppression ,possession ,education ,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution ;etc .)例词: organization ,foundation
9.-ment 意为:状态,行动等(state ; action ;etc .)例词:movement ,enslavement ,pavement
10.-al 意为:动作(action )例词:arrival ,refusal ,revival ,recital ,removal
11.-age 意为:程度,数量等(extent ; amount ;etc .)例词:wastage ,coverage , acreage ,shrinkage ,breakage ,hostage
12.-ness ;-ity (ty )意为:状态,品质(state ;quality ;etc .)例词:happiness , usefulness ,selfishness ,kindness ,rapidity ,activity ,sanity ,changeability
13.-ism 意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism , impressionism ,absenteeism ,racism
二、动词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ify 意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify , diversify ,simplify
2.-ize ;-en 意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize ,popularize ,legalize ,hospitalize ,symbolize ,ripen ,widen ,heighten ,threaten
3.-ate 意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate , hydrogenate ,validate ,differentiate
三、形容词后缀: 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ful 意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving ;etc .)例词:useful ,pitiful , hopeful ,helpful ,forgetful ,thankful , fearful
2.-less 意为:没有,无(without ;not giving)例词:speechless ,childless ,harmless ,hopeless ,meaningless
3.-ly 意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly ,manly , brotherly ,friendly
4.-like 意为:像……的(like )例词: childlike ,statesmanlike ,tiger-like
5.-y ;-ish 意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty ,sandy , silky ,hairy ,leafy ,watery ,foolish ,girlish ,blackish ,thinnish
6.-some 意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like ;causing ; having the quality of )例词:troublesome ,burdensome ,wholesome ,tiresome ,bothersome
7.-able (ible )意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable )例词: changeable ,readable ,drinkable ,comfortable ,expansible ,convincible
8.-ed 意为:有……的(having ,etc .)例词:wooded ,pointed ,moneyed , odd-shaped
9.-al 意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural ,personal ,regional ,musical
10.-ary (ory )意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to ;connected with )例词:revolutionary ,imaginary , contradictory
11.-ous 意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like )例词:glorious ,erroneous ,malicious ,gracious
12.-ic (ical )意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic ,historical ,methodic ,methodical ,dramatic ,heroic
13.-ive 意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to )例词:attractive , talkative ,restrictive ,defensive ,preventive ,constructive ,sensitive
四、副词后缀 常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ly 意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc .) 例词:happily , boldly ,attentive- ly,strangely
2.-ward (s )意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward (s ),backward (s ),earthward (s ),homeward (s ),eastward (s )
3.-wise 意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise ,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise 有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting