元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
al [C] small ball talk wall all
al [C:l] always also salt almost
al在f m前[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音
元音字母组合或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅音字母组合的读音
辅音字母组合 读 音 例 词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 1-01
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 1-02
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 1-03
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05
在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06
o 在开音节中 [u] those close go hoe home no 1-07
在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock 1-08
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09
在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch 1-10
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a [] China another woman breakfast 2-01
[i] orange comrade village cabbage 2-02
e [] hundred student open moment 2-03
[i] chicken pocket begin children 2-04
i []/[i] holiday beautiful family animal 2-05
[ai] exercise satellite 2-06
o [] second tonight somebody welcome 2-07
[u] also zero photo 2-08
u [] autumn difficult 2-09
[ju(:)] popular congratulation January 2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 2-11
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
a在[w]音后面
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[]
come monkey love mother
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 4-01
[:] warm quarter towards 4-02
or
or在[w]音后面 [:] forty morning short 4-03
[:] word worker worse 4-04
er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 4-05
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
are [ε] care dare hare 5-01
ere [i] here mere 5-02
ire [ai] fire hire wire 5-03
ore [:] more score before 5-04
ure [ju] pure cure 5-05
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[r]音，例如：salary 5-06
重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。
例如：parent zero inspiring story during
5-07
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play 6-01
air [ε] air hair chair pair repair 6-02
al
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
[b]
bike bus bag
[/]
bomb tomb lamb climb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
[s]
face decide cinema
ch
[ ]
much chick rich teacher
[k]
school headache chemistry
[ ]
machine Chicago
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
-dge
[ ]
bridge fridge
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
f
[f]
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[ ]
bag gardon go
[ ]
orange large German
gh
[f]
cough enough rough
[/]
light daughter high eight
gu- -gue
[ ]
guess league dialogue guitar
[ w]
language anguish penguin
h
[h]
hot head house hand
[/]
hour honest honor
j
[ ]
jeep jar joke join July
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
l
[l]
life milk school tall
m
[m]
monkey come tomato
-mn
[m]
autumn column solemn
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note
[?]
uncle thank hungry
-ng
[?]
morning young wrong
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
quality quite quarter
r
[r]
red rubber ruler
s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
[z]
music husband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet scout Scotland
[s]
muscle science
sh
[ ]
she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
[ ]
patient nation
tch
[ ]
watch catch match
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method
[ð]
the these with than
[ð]
clothe father weather
tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck
v
[v]
very voice love leave
w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait
[/]
answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why
[h]
who whose whole
x
在重读元音前
[ks]
box text exercise
[gz]
example exist exact
wr-
[r]
write wrong wrist
y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young
z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo
1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ ] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。
2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。
4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.
5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup
6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor
7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation
元音字母组合 读 音 例 词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
al [C] small ball talk wall all
al [C:l] always also salt almost
al在f m前[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字母组合和字群的读音
元音字母组合或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元音字母组合在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字母组合仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅音字母组合的读音
辅音字母组合 读 音 例 词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 1-01
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 1-02
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 1-03
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05
在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06
o 在开音节中 [u] those close go hoe home no 1-07
在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock 1-08
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09
在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch 1-10
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a [] China another woman breakfast 2-01
[i] orange comrade village cabbage 2-02
e [] hundred student open moment 2-03
[i] chicken pocket begin children 2-04
i []/[i] holiday beautiful family animal 2-05
[ai] exercise satellite 2-06
o [] second tonight somebody welcome 2-07
[u] also zero photo 2-08
u [] autumn difficult 2-09
[ju(:)] popular congratulation January 2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 2-11
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
a在[w]音后面
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[]
come monkey love mother
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 4-01
[:] warm quarter towards 4-02
or
or在[w]音后面 [:] forty morning short 4-03
[:] word worker worse 4-04
er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 4-05
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
are [ε] care dare hare 5-01
ere [i] here mere 5-02
ire [ai] fire hire wire 5-03
ore [:] more score before 5-04
ure [ju] pure cure 5-05
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[r]音，例如：salary 5-06
重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。
例如：parent zero inspiring story during
5-07
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play 6-01
air [ε] air hair chair pair repair 6-02
al
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
[b]
bike bus bag
[/]
bomb tomb lamb climb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
[s]
face decide cinema
ch
[ ]
much chick rich teacher
[k]
school headache chemistry
[ ]
machine Chicago
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
-dge
[ ]
bridge fridge
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
f
[f]
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[ ]
bag gardon go
[ ]
orange large German
gh
[f]
cough enough rough
[/]
light daughter high eight
gu- -gue
[ ]
guess league dialogue guitar
[ w]
language anguish penguin
h
[h]
hot head house hand
[/]
hour honest honor
j
[ ]
jeep jar joke join July
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
l
[l]
life milk school tall
m
[m]
monkey come tomato
-mn
[m]
autumn column solemn
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note
[?]
uncle thank hungry
-ng
[?]
morning young wrong
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
quality quite quarter
r
[r]
red rubber ruler
s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
[z]
music husband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet scout Scotland
[s]
muscle science
sh
[ ]
she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
[ ]
patient nation
tch
[ ]
watch catch match
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method
[ð]
the these with than
[ð]
clothe father weather
tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck
v
[v]
very voice love leave
w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait
[/]
answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why
[h]
who whose whole
x
在重读元音前
[ks]
box text exercise
[gz]
example exist exact
wr-
[r]
write wrong wrist
y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young
z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo
1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ ] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。
2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。
4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.
5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup
6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor
7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation