众所周知,动词填空在无锡市历年中考中所占比例为10分,虽然在整个试卷中所占比例不是很大,但对每个考生来说,这10分也是至关重要的,谁也不会轻易放弃,更何况,只要同学们掌握该题型的解题技巧和应对策略,还是容易得分的。下面就这一题型具体来讲讲解题技巧和应对策略,希望对同学们有所裨益!
总体而言,同学们在做这类题型时应重点注意以下三点:
一、 注意动词的时态
根据时间状语及特殊的词语来确定时态。
二、 注意动词的语态
若主语是动作的执行者时,用主动语态;若主语是动作的承受者时,则用被动语态,这时谓语动词必须用“助动词+及物动词的过去分词”。另外,过去分词作定语或宾语补足语时表示被动意义。
三、 其他几个注意点
比如,注意动词不定式及V+-ing形式;注意某些特殊的动词形式;注意动词的单复数形式;注意主从复合句的时态搭配;注意上下文及前后动词的暗示等。
然而,正如谚语所说“Easier said than done(说说容易做做难)”,根据笔者多年的教学经验和调查发现:好多学生对老师所讲的方法或注意事项表示理解,但在具体实践时还会屡屡出错,这其实说明学生练习的量还不够,或者说还没有真正理解解题技巧。那么,如何应对呢?结合中考题,请同学们看以下具体的解题步骤:
一、 如何确定动词的时态
时态是动词填空的重点,在解题时必须慎重。确定时态可以根据具体情况从以下几个方面来进行。
1. 根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。
例1Mr Liu’s daughter _______(practise) the piano in Room 301 at 7:30 p.m. yesterday.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析根据句中的时间状语at 7.30 p.m.yesterday,我们不难看出时态应为过去进行时,故答案为was practising。
2. 注意时态呼应。
例2It was raining hard, but none of them said they_______(stop)working in the fields.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析根据“It was raining hard, but none of them said”我们很容易得出后面时态应用过去将来时,故答案为would stop/were going to stop。
3. 根据上下文确定时态。
有时句子没有明显的时间状语,也不能用时态呼应规则来对照,这时我们就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定时态。
例3The little girl will give the flowers to the hero when he_______(appear). (2009?江苏无锡)
解析该题没有明显的时间状语,但它是由when引导的主从复合句,根据主句的一般将来时态,可以确定从句用一般现在时,故答案为appears。
二、 如何确定动词的语态
我们在考虑时态的同时,也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时,用被动语态;反之用主动语态。注意:不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词(如listen,sleep,happen,get up,grow up,break out,come in等)没有被动语态。
例4Today, to hold the Olympic Games_______
(consider)as a rich prize for a country.
(2008?江苏无锡)
解析很明显,该题应用一般现在时的被动语态,故答案为is considered。
三、 如何确定非谓语动词的形式
如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语,就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。究竟选用哪种非谓语动词形式,可根据情况从以下几方面来考虑。
1. 在及物动词want,hope,wish,decide,would like等动词后用不定式作宾语。
例5Shortly after he knew some English, he went on_______(teach) himself French.
(2009?江苏无锡)
解析go on doing sth.与go on to do sth.也是学生容易混淆的一组短语,这儿根据上下文应是继续不同的动作,故答案为to teach。
2. It is time(for sb.)to do sth.,something to eat/drink,have nothing to do等句型中要用动词不定式。
例6Britain was the first country in the world_______(have) a free health system.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析该题考查了the first/last...to do sth.这个结构,故答案为to have。
3. 在enjoy,finish,mind,be busy,be worth,feel like,what/how about,can’t help,practise,have fun/problems等后要用动词-ing形式。
例7I don’t think Aunt Wu would mind
(take) care of our children while we’re away.
(2009?江苏无锡)
解析该题考查了mind doing sth.这个结构,故答案为taking。
为方便同学们记忆,我把动词填空的解题技巧编成三句顺口溜:认真审题是前提,确定两态(指时态和语态)是关键,主谓一致是保证。
事实上,根据笔者多年的教学经验发现,尽管有些同学时间概念记住了,谓语动词的时态和语态也确定了,但在答题时仍会出错。所以我们还应注意:
1. 要弄清动词的第三人称单数、过去式及过去分词等形式。
2. 要注意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
3. 祈使句中,或在情态动词、助动词后,谓语动词要用原形。
综上所述,我们学习了中考动词填空的解题技巧和应对策略。但理论掌握好不好,关键还要看实践,下面还是让我们一起来思考历年的中考动词填空,进行实战操练,看看你掌握了多少?祝你轻松过关!
【中考点击】
1. I’ll tell our monitor the good news as soon as he
_______(come) back to school.
2. It was a pity that you_______(not attend) the meeting last Friday afternoon.
3. We should think about what we can do_______
(keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered.
4. On May 12, 2008, Sichuan_______(hit) by a strong earthquake which killed many people and destroyed many buildings.
5. Playing computer games is delightful, but _______
(spend) too much time on it may do harm.
6. Today, to hold the Olympic Games _______(consider) as a rich prize for a country.
7. Many changes _______(take) place in our daily life since the invention of the computer.
8. The policeman said that he _______(see) a Young Pioneer help an old woman cross the road the day before.
9. Our Maths teacher_______(prepare) the new lesson with other teachers in the office from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon.
10. The first step towards_______(protect) the environment is to try to throw away less rubbish.
【参考答案】
1. comes2. didn’t/did not attend3. to keep
4. was hit5. will get6. is considered7. have taken8. had seen9. was preparing10. protecting
众所周知,动词填空在无锡市历年中考中所占比例为10分,虽然在整个试卷中所占比例不是很大,但对每个考生来说,这10分也是至关重要的,谁也不会轻易放弃,更何况,只要同学们掌握该题型的解题技巧和应对策略,还是容易得分的。下面就这一题型具体来讲讲解题技巧和应对策略,希望对同学们有所裨益!
总体而言,同学们在做这类题型时应重点注意以下三点:
一、 注意动词的时态
根据时间状语及特殊的词语来确定时态。
二、 注意动词的语态
若主语是动作的执行者时,用主动语态;若主语是动作的承受者时,则用被动语态,这时谓语动词必须用“助动词+及物动词的过去分词”。另外,过去分词作定语或宾语补足语时表示被动意义。
三、 其他几个注意点
比如,注意动词不定式及V+-ing形式;注意某些特殊的动词形式;注意动词的单复数形式;注意主从复合句的时态搭配;注意上下文及前后动词的暗示等。
然而,正如谚语所说“Easier said than done(说说容易做做难)”,根据笔者多年的教学经验和调查发现:好多学生对老师所讲的方法或注意事项表示理解,但在具体实践时还会屡屡出错,这其实说明学生练习的量还不够,或者说还没有真正理解解题技巧。那么,如何应对呢?结合中考题,请同学们看以下具体的解题步骤:
一、 如何确定动词的时态
时态是动词填空的重点,在解题时必须慎重。确定时态可以根据具体情况从以下几个方面来进行。
1. 根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。
例1Mr Liu’s daughter _______(practise) the piano in Room 301 at 7:30 p.m. yesterday.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析根据句中的时间状语at 7.30 p.m.yesterday,我们不难看出时态应为过去进行时,故答案为was practising。
2. 注意时态呼应。
例2It was raining hard, but none of them said they_______(stop)working in the fields.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析根据“It was raining hard, but none of them said”我们很容易得出后面时态应用过去将来时,故答案为would stop/were going to stop。
3. 根据上下文确定时态。
有时句子没有明显的时间状语,也不能用时态呼应规则来对照,这时我们就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定时态。
例3The little girl will give the flowers to the hero when he_______(appear). (2009?江苏无锡)
解析该题没有明显的时间状语,但它是由when引导的主从复合句,根据主句的一般将来时态,可以确定从句用一般现在时,故答案为appears。
二、 如何确定动词的语态
我们在考虑时态的同时,也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时,用被动语态;反之用主动语态。注意:不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词(如listen,sleep,happen,get up,grow up,break out,come in等)没有被动语态。
例4Today, to hold the Olympic Games_______
(consider)as a rich prize for a country.
(2008?江苏无锡)
解析很明显,该题应用一般现在时的被动语态,故答案为is considered。
三、 如何确定非谓语动词的形式
如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语,就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。究竟选用哪种非谓语动词形式,可根据情况从以下几方面来考虑。
1. 在及物动词want,hope,wish,decide,would like等动词后用不定式作宾语。
例5Shortly after he knew some English, he went on_______(teach) himself French.
(2009?江苏无锡)
解析go on doing sth.与go on to do sth.也是学生容易混淆的一组短语,这儿根据上下文应是继续不同的动作,故答案为to teach。
2. It is time(for sb.)to do sth.,something to eat/drink,have nothing to do等句型中要用动词不定式。
例6Britain was the first country in the world_______(have) a free health system.
(2007?江苏无锡)
解析该题考查了the first/last...to do sth.这个结构,故答案为to have。
3. 在enjoy,finish,mind,be busy,be worth,feel like,what/how about,can’t help,practise,have fun/problems等后要用动词-ing形式。
例7I don’t think Aunt Wu would mind
(take) care of our children while we’re away.
(2009?江苏无锡)
解析该题考查了mind doing sth.这个结构,故答案为taking。
为方便同学们记忆,我把动词填空的解题技巧编成三句顺口溜:认真审题是前提,确定两态(指时态和语态)是关键,主谓一致是保证。
事实上,根据笔者多年的教学经验发现,尽管有些同学时间概念记住了,谓语动词的时态和语态也确定了,但在答题时仍会出错。所以我们还应注意:
1. 要弄清动词的第三人称单数、过去式及过去分词等形式。
2. 要注意谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
3. 祈使句中,或在情态动词、助动词后,谓语动词要用原形。
综上所述,我们学习了中考动词填空的解题技巧和应对策略。但理论掌握好不好,关键还要看实践,下面还是让我们一起来思考历年的中考动词填空,进行实战操练,看看你掌握了多少?祝你轻松过关!
【中考点击】
1. I’ll tell our monitor the good news as soon as he
_______(come) back to school.
2. It was a pity that you_______(not attend) the meeting last Friday afternoon.
3. We should think about what we can do_______
(keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered.
4. On May 12, 2008, Sichuan_______(hit) by a strong earthquake which killed many people and destroyed many buildings.
5. Playing computer games is delightful, but _______
(spend) too much time on it may do harm.
6. Today, to hold the Olympic Games _______(consider) as a rich prize for a country.
7. Many changes _______(take) place in our daily life since the invention of the computer.
8. The policeman said that he _______(see) a Young Pioneer help an old woman cross the road the day before.
9. Our Maths teacher_______(prepare) the new lesson with other teachers in the office from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon.
10. The first step towards_______(protect) the environment is to try to throw away less rubbish.
【参考答案】
1. comes2. didn’t/did not attend3. to keep
4. was hit5. will get6. is considered7. have taken8. had seen9. was preparing10. protecting