云南省水土流失概况及其发展目标
摘要:云南省是全国水土流失严重的省份之一。近几年来,云南省通过各种水土保持措施,在水土保持方面已取得一定的成效。本文主要介绍了近年来云南省水土流失的现状、水土三区划分及其发展趋势,提出了水土保持措施,如加强宣传力度、提高群众意识,加强执法力度,多渠道增加投入,统筹规划,综合治理等,并阐述了云南省水土保持未来发展目标。
关键词:水土保持,三区划分,发展趋势,防治措施,发展目标
Abstract: the yunnan province is one of the provinces serious soil and water loss. In recent years, through all kinds of soil and water conservation measures in yunnan province, in the water and soil conservation has made some achievements. This paper mainly introduces the yunnan province in recent years of soil and water loss in the present situation, development trend and soil and water areas division, and put forward the soil and water conservation measures, such as strengthening propaganda, improve the consciousness, strengthen the law enforcement efforts, and increasing investment, overall planning, comprehensive management, and expounds the soil and water conservation and development in yunnan province.
Keywords: soil and water conservation, divided into three, development trend, prevention and control measures, development goals
一 水土流失的现状
云南是多个民族聚居的高原山区省份,属于青藏高原南延部分,山地面积占全省总面积的94%,境内地形波状起伏,呈西北高东南低,,海拔高差异常悬殊,山川湖泊纵横,地质构造运动频繁;气候类型复杂多样,加上人口增加带来的人类活动影响,全省水土流失十分严重[4]。
从1986年至今,云南省已经展开了三次全省水土流失遥感普查工作,最近的一次水土流失遥感普查是在2006年完成的。据最近的一次遥感调查结果显示,全省水土流失面积为13.417万km2,占云南省土地总面积的35.04%。从表1可以看出,云南省的水土流失现状主要表现为轻度侵蚀和中度侵蚀,总共占了全省水土流失面积的91.37%。全省年土壤侵蚀总量为50 813 万t ,是全国年流失土壤50亿吨的十分之一,平均侵蚀模数为1 326 t/( km2·a) ,年均侵蚀深为0. 98 mm[4]。
表1 云南省水土流失侵蚀强度分级的状况[4]
云南省水土流失概况及其发展目标
摘要:云南省是全国水土流失严重的省份之一。近几年来,云南省通过各种水土保持措施,在水土保持方面已取得一定的成效。本文主要介绍了近年来云南省水土流失的现状、水土三区划分及其发展趋势,提出了水土保持措施,如加强宣传力度、提高群众意识,加强执法力度,多渠道增加投入,统筹规划,综合治理等,并阐述了云南省水土保持未来发展目标。
关键词:水土保持,三区划分,发展趋势,防治措施,发展目标
Abstract: the yunnan province is one of the provinces serious soil and water loss. In recent years, through all kinds of soil and water conservation measures in yunnan province, in the water and soil conservation has made some achievements. This paper mainly introduces the yunnan province in recent years of soil and water loss in the present situation, development trend and soil and water areas division, and put forward the soil and water conservation measures, such as strengthening propaganda, improve the consciousness, strengthen the law enforcement efforts, and increasing investment, overall planning, comprehensive management, and expounds the soil and water conservation and development in yunnan province.
Keywords: soil and water conservation, divided into three, development trend, prevention and control measures, development goals
一 水土流失的现状
云南是多个民族聚居的高原山区省份,属于青藏高原南延部分,山地面积占全省总面积的94%,境内地形波状起伏,呈西北高东南低,,海拔高差异常悬殊,山川湖泊纵横,地质构造运动频繁;气候类型复杂多样,加上人口增加带来的人类活动影响,全省水土流失十分严重[4]。
从1986年至今,云南省已经展开了三次全省水土流失遥感普查工作,最近的一次水土流失遥感普查是在2006年完成的。据最近的一次遥感调查结果显示,全省水土流失面积为13.417万km2,占云南省土地总面积的35.04%。从表1可以看出,云南省的水土流失现状主要表现为轻度侵蚀和中度侵蚀,总共占了全省水土流失面积的91.37%。全省年土壤侵蚀总量为50 813 万t ,是全国年流失土壤50亿吨的十分之一,平均侵蚀模数为1 326 t/( km2·a) ,年均侵蚀深为0. 98 mm[4]。
表1 云南省水土流失侵蚀强度分级的状况[4]