anxious
be anxious about sth
be anxious for sb
为„„担心
an anxious look/ face/ expression 忧虑的目光/面容/表情
be anxious to do sth
be anxious for sth
be anxious for sb to do sth
be anxious that „
非常渴望„„
absorb
absorb oxygen/ cream吸收氧气/乳液
absorb heat/ light/ energy 吸收热、光、能
absorb refugees 接纳难民
absorb information 理解信息（=take in）
absorb sb 使全神贯注 （be absorbed in„)
absorb $80 billion 耗费（金钱、时间等）
admire
admire sth
admire sb for sth
admire sb for doing sth
钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
aware
adj.
be really/ well aware of sth
be aware that„
be environmentally aware 环保意识强
awareness n.
an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet
lack of awareness of „
raise/ increase public awareness of sth
environmental awareness
available
sth be available to sb
Tickets are available to the teachers free of charge from the school.
sb is available 某人有空
Will she be available this afternoon?
available resources/ facilities 可利用的资源/设备
appreciate
1. 欣赏；重视
appreciate +n.
2. 感谢 (后面不可跟人)
appreciate your help
appreciate it
appreciate doing sth
appreciate you(r) doing sth
I would appreciate it very much if you could„
3. 意识到 （=realize)
arrange
安排；筹备
arrange sth
arrange how to get to the airport
arrange for sb to do
arrange to meet him
arrange that we can borrow their car
as arranged 如安排的那样
整理，排列，布置
arrange sth
adapt
适应
adapt (oneself) to change/ the new system/ the new environment
改编
adapt novels for television
（改变某物）使其适应（新用途）
adapt sth for use by disabled people
adapt these styles to suit individual tastes
apply
申请；请求
apply for a job/ passport/ grant
apply to a company for a job
apply to join the army
使用；应用
apply political pressure
apply the new technology to farming
涂；敷
apply the cream to your face
有关；涉及
What I am saying applies only to some of you.
application
Appeal vi.
appeal (to sb)( for sth) 为获得„„而呼吁某人
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
sth appeal to sb 某物吸引某人
appeal to sb/ sth 向„„提出上诉
appeal against sth 提出申诉以反对„„
n.
an appeal （to sb/ for sth/ to do sth） „„的呼吁
an appeal against sth 反对„„的申诉
appealing adj. 有吸引力的
assign
assign sth to sb / assign sb sth 把„„布置/分配给某人
assign sb to sth/ sp. 指派某人去做某事/去某地
assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某事
ambition
(achieve one’s) ambition to be/ do sth/ of being/doing sth
one ’s ambition is to do/ be sth
lifelong ambition
political/ literary/ sporting ambitions „抱负；志向
access
n. 通道；入径
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
（使用或见到的）机会；权利
Students must have access to good resources.
get/ gain access to„
deny access to„ 被阻挡见„„
accessible adj.
sth be accessible to sb 某地对于某人来说是可到达的/ 某物对于某人来说是容易理解的 sb is accessible 某人是易接近的
accuse
accuse sb of sth
accuse sb of doing
the accused 被告
accustom
be/ become/ get/ grow accustomed to sth/ to doing sth
习惯于/ 变得习惯于（做）某事
accustom oneself to sth/ to doing sth
使习惯于（做）某事
add
add sth (to sth) 把„„加到„„里
add 9 to 10/ add 9 and 10 (together) 把9加10
补充说： add sth to my earlier statement
add, “„„”
add that„
add a brilliant touch to your life 为你的生活增添绚丽的一笔
add to difficulties/ beauty/ happiness 增添难度/美丽/快乐
add sth up 把„„加起来
add sth in 把„„加进去
add up to sth 总计为„„ ( The numbers add up to 100.)
as far as
as far as I know 据我所知
as far as I’m concerned 在我看来
as far as I can see 在我看来
as far as I can recall / remember据我所能记得
as far as the eye can see 放眼望去
as far as the gate 一直到大门的地方
avoid
avoid a disaster 避免灾难的发生
avoid him 避开他
avoid doing 避免做某事
avoid being hurt 避免受到伤害
associate
If you associate someone or something with another thing, the two are connected in your mind.联系; 联想
If you are associated with a particular organization, cause, or point of view, or if you associate yourself with it, you support it publicly.使与（某个组织、事业或观点）有关系; 公开支持
awake
adj.
stay/keep/ be awake
keep sb awake
be wide awake 毫无睡意
v. awake (awoke, awoken)
awake sb 唤醒某人
syn. wake (woke, woken)
awaken (awakened, awakened)
Award n.
win an award 得奖
receive the award 领奖
v.
award sb sth
award sth to sb
sb be awarded sth
award & reward
奖；奖品；奖状 An award is a prize or certificate that a person is given for doing something well. If someone is awarded something such as a prize or an examination mark, it is given to them. 辨析：
A reward is something that you are given, for example because you have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community 奖赏
If you do something and are rewarded with a particular benefit, you receive that benefit as a result of doing that thing.奖赏; 奖励; 酬谢
If you say that something rewards your attention or effort, you mean that it is worth spending time or effort on it.值得（付出时间或精力）
rewarding a. 有回报的
vt. 基于
base sth on sth / sth be based on sth
He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.
n. 基础；基地；底座；基本
an army/ military base军事基地
believe
believe it or not
believe that„
believe sb
believe in sb
It is believed that„
sb is believed to be/ to have done/ to be doing„
before
It was / had been many years before sb did sth 过了很多年某人才„„
It will be a year before we graduate from high school. 还要过一年才„„
It wasn’t/ hadn’t been very long before sb did„ 过了不久某人就„„
It won’t be long before sb does sth 不久某人就会„„
He rushed out of the room before I could stop him.
我来不及拦住他，他就冲出了房间。
beyond
beyond understanding 超出理解
beyond belief 难以置信
beyond recognition 认不出来；面目全非
beyond imagination 超乎想象
beyond words 难以用语言形容
beyond him 超出他的能力范围
beyond his control 超出他的控制
beyond reach 伸手够不着
begin with
begin with sth 以„„开始
to begin with, 首先
n. the benefit of sth 某物的好处
sth is of benefit to sb= sth is to sb’s benefit = sth is beneficial to sb 某物对某人有好处 have the benefit of sth 有„„的有利条件
for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益
v.
sth benefit sb 某物对某人有益
sb benefit (a lot) from sth 某人从某物中获益
beneficial a.
be beneficial to sb
have a beneficial effect on sb.
benefit
某物的好处
某物对某人有好处
有„„的有利条件
为了某人的利益
v.
某物对某人有益
某人从某物中获益
a. ___________
_______________ sb
_______________ on sb.
vt.
blame sb for sth 因„„而责备某人
blame sb for doing sth
sb be to blame for „ 某人因„„应该受到责备
n.
born
„be born of / to sb „„是某人生的
„be born into a „family „出生于某样的家庭
„be born with sth 与生俱来有„„
Jack is a born teacher. Jack天生是当老师的料。
a newborn baby
call for
需要; 要求 call for sth
要求; 呼吁 call for sb to do sth
call for sth
call for him to resign= call for his resignation 要求他辞职 接（人） call for sb
打电话叫„„ call for an ambulance
capable
be capable of doing sth 能够做某事
a very capable speaker 一个能说会道的人
have the capability to do sth 有能力做„„
in case+从句 / in case of +n.
1. 假使
In case he comes, let me know.
如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。
2. 免得, 以防
Keep the window closed in case it rains.
把窗户关好, 以防下雨。
3. 也许, 说不定
Here's a stick in case you should need it.
给你根木棍, 也许你用得着它。
Vt.
因„„而责备某人
某人因„„应该受到责备
n.
born
„是某人生的
„出生于某样的家庭
与生俱来有„„
天生是当老师的料
新生儿
call for
需要; 要求
要求; 呼吁
要求他辞职
接（人）
打电话叫„„
capable
能够做某事
一个能说会道的人
有能力做„„
in case+从句 / in case of +n.
1. 假使
_________________________
如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。
2. 免得, 以防
_____________________________
把窗户关好, 以防下雨。
3. 也许, 说不定
_____________________________
给你根木棍, 也许你用得着它。
= call off 取消
cancellation n.
cause
v.
cause problems [cause sth]
cause me some worry [cause sb sth]
cause the disease to spread [cause sb to do]
n.
the cause of death 起因
educational cause / the cause of education 教育事业 cause and effect 因果关系
challenge
a big challenge
rise to the challenge 迎接挑战；应对挑战
make a (direct) challenge to the authority of the government 直接对政府的权威发出了质疑
v. challenge sb 向某人挑战
challenge sth 对„„提出质疑
sb be challenged by a guard 被一个警卫盘问 can ’t but do
can ’t (help) but do sth 只好做„„
=can’t do nothing but do sth 只好做
= have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能
can ’t help doing 忍不住做„„
can ’t help (to) do 不能帮助做„„
cancel
= 取消
n.
cause
v.
____________ problems [cause sth] ____________worry [cause sb sth]
cause the disease __________ [cause sb ______]
n.
起因
_______________________________________ 教育事业 因果关系
challenge
a big challenge
迎接挑战；应对挑战
直接对政府的权威发出了质疑
v. 向某人挑战
对„„提出质疑
被一个警卫盘问
can ’t but do
只好做„„
= 只好做
= 别无选择只能
忍不住做„„
不能帮助做„„
他苏醒过来，抬起头，看见了巴尼。
Choose
从„„选择„„
在„„之间选择
挑选„„作为„„
情愿做某事
choice n.
只好做„„
多种„„可供选择
Claim
vt. 1. 声称；宣称
claim that„
声称是„„
声称做了„„
声称自己是„„
声称对„„负有责任
2. 索取，索要(有权拥有的东西)
3. 取得，获得，赢得(纪录、冠军或奖励)
4. (战争、疾病、事故) 夺去(生命) n. 声称； 断言； 索赔
Combine
vt.
把A 和B 结合起来
把两个或更多的东西结合起来；
„兼有两个性质或特点
vi. A 和B 结合起来
以„„
在A 和B 的共同努力下
come to
1. 当说到„„
2. 结束
3. (经历漫长的过程或时间后) 开始(做某事)
4. 某人突然想到/ 记起„„
5. 总计达$80
6. _____________________________________Barney.
他苏醒过来，抬起头，看见了巴尼。
v. 1) 命令
command sb to do„ command sth (~ the release of the prisoners)
command that sb (should) do„ „command, “„”
2) 指挥 command the troops 指挥这些军队
3) 博得；值得 command sympathy/ support/ respect / her attention / a six-figure salary n. 1) 命令 give/ obey the command 发出/遵守命令
2) （尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力
have a good command of English 精通英语
3) 控制；指挥
comment
n. 评论；解释
make comment(s) on/ about sth
对„„发表评论
without comment 未作解释
No comment! 无可奉告！
v.
comment on sth comment that„ „comment, “„”
common
adj. 1）常见的；普通的
a common English name 常见英语名字
a common sight 常见景象
the common people 老百姓
It ’s quite common to do„
2）共有的；共同的
share a common interest in„
在„„方面兴趣相投
sth be common to sth
对于„„来说，„„是共同的
for a common purpose 为了共同目标
3） have something/ nothing/ a lot / much in common (with sb)
与„„有一些/毫无/很大相同之处 （想法、兴趣等方面）
communicate
communicate with sb (by e-mail) (in sign language)
与某人（通过E-mail ）（用手语）交流
communicate information/ a message/ one’s ideas to sb
把„„传递给某人
company
n. 1) 公司 an insurance company 保险公司
2）陪伴；作伴
enjoy Jo’s company 喜欢和Jo 在一起
enjoy one’s own company 喜欢独自一人
keep sb company 陪伴某人
in company with sb/ sth 与„„一起；与„„同时
v. 1)
command sb __________
command sth (~ the release of the prisoners)
command that______________ „command, “„”
2) 指挥 _____________________________________________指挥这些军队
3) 博得；值得 command sympathy/ support/ respect / her attention / a six-figure salary n. 1) 命令 ____________________________________________ 发出/遵守命令
2) （尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力
_________________________________________________精通英语
3) 控制；指挥
comment
n. 评论；解释
__________________________________________________ 对„„发表评论
____________________________ 未作解释___________________________ 无可奉告！ v.
comment on sth
comment that„
„comment, “„”
common
adj. 1）常见的；普通的
__________________________常见英语名字___________________________ 常见景象 _________________________________ 老百姓
It ’s quite common ______________
2）共有的；共同的
在„„方面兴趣相投
对于„„来说，„„是共同的
_______________________ 为了共同目标
3） ___________________________________________________________________ 与„„有一些/毫无/很大相同之处 （想法、兴趣等方面）
communicate
_____________________________________________ 与某人（通过E-mail ）（用手语）交流
communicate (information/ a message/ one’s ideas) ____________把„„传递给某人 company
n. 1) 公司 _________________________________ 保险公司
2）陪伴；作伴
____________________________________ 喜欢和Jo 在一起
______________________________ 喜欢独自一人
_______________________ 陪伴某人
____________________ 与„„一起；与„„同时
compare
vt.
compare A with B
把A 和B 进行比较
Compared with B, A „.
和B 相比，A „„
compare the two things
将两件东西进行比较
compare A to B 把A 比作B
A doesn’t compare with B A 比B 差得多
She was a storyteller beyond compare. (n.) 无与伦比
comparison n.
make a comparison (between A and B)
(在A 和B 之间) 做个比较
the comparison of her life to a sea voyage
将她的人生比作一次海上航行
in comparison with=in comparison to= by comparison with
there is no comparison between A and B
A 和B 不能相提并论
complain
complain about sth 抱怨；发牢骚
complain that„
complain to sb 向某人抱怨
complain of pain or illness
诉说有„病痛; 主诉
complaint n. ( about „)
a letter of complaint 投诉信
compose
be composed of „ 由„„组成
composes a piece of music 创作一首乐曲
concentrate
concentrate on sth
concentrate your mind on sth
全神贯注于„„
sth be concentrated in an area
某物集中在某地
concentration n. 全神贯注；集中；（溶液的）浓度
concern
vt. 1）涉及；牵涉；影响 （常用于被动）
sth concerns sb/ sth
Don ’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you. 与„相比
Where our children’s education is concerned, „ 在涉及到孩子教育问题的地方
the individuals concerned 所涉及到的个人
all concerned 有关各方
To whom it may concern, 敬启者 （用于公告或求职推荐信的开头）
As far as I am concerned, 就我而言
concern
vt. 2）与„„有关 （=be about）
sth concerns sth
=sth concerns itself with sth
=sth is concerned with sth
3） 让（某人）担忧 （= worry sb）
What concerns me is„
It concerns me that„
be concerned about (/ for ) sth
be concerned that„
concerned parents/ experts 忧心忡忡的父母/专家
同）
4） （对„„）感兴趣/关切/关注
concern oneself with/ about sth
be concerned with/ about„
concern
n. (U,C) 担忧
~ about/ for/ over sth / sb
~ that„
There is growing concern about„
„„的忧虑日益加重
There is widespread/ public concern that„
人们普遍/公众对„„感到忧虑
raise concerns about„提出对„„的担忧
其它释义：
保护的愿望；重要的事；负责的事；公司
（注意前置定语和后置定语含义的不
compare
vt.
把A 和B 进行比较
和B 相比，A „„
将两件东西进行比较
把A 比作B A 比B 差得多 (n.) 无与伦比
n.
(在A 和B 之间) 做个比较
将她的人生比作一次海上航行
与„相比
A 和B 不能相提并论
complain
抱怨；发牢骚
complain that„
向某人抱怨
诉说有„病痛; 主诉
n. ( 介词__________________„)
投诉信
compose
由„„组成
创作一首乐曲
concentrate
全神贯注于„„
某物集中在某地
n. 全神贯注；集中；（溶液的）浓度
concern
vt. 1）涉及；牵涉；影响 （常用于被动）
sth concerns sb/ sth
Don ’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you.
„ 在涉及到孩子教育问题的地方 所涉及到的个人
有关各方
敬启者 （用于公告或求职推荐信的开头）
就我而言
concern
vt. 2）与„„有关 （= ）
=
=
3） 让（某人）担忧 （= ）
What concerns me is„
It concerns me that„
be concerned about (/ for ) sth
be concerned that„
忧心忡忡的父母/专家 （注意前置定语和后置定语含义的不同）
4） （对„„）感兴趣/关切/关注
concern oneself _______________sth
be concerned ___________________
concern
n. (U,C) 担忧
~ about/ for/ over sth / sb
~ that„
„„的忧虑日益加重
人们普遍/公众对„„感到忧虑
提出对„„的担忧__________________________________________________
其它释义：
保护的愿望；重要的事；负责的事；公司
conclusion
draw a conclusion
come to the conclusion
reach the conclusion
lead to the conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion （= finally）最后; 总而言之
condition
sth be in bad/ good/ excellent/ perfect condition
某物处于„„的状态
living/ housing/ working conditions
生活/居住/工作条件
economic conditions 经济状况
on condition that„ (=only if) 条件是„„
meet one’s conditions 满足某人的条件
on / under no condition 无论如何都不
be conditioned to sth/ to do sth 被训练得习惯于/ 适应于„„ unconditional love 无条件的爱
confident
a.
be confident of/ about sth
be confident that„
confidence n.
have/ lack confidence in sth
with confidence
connect
connect A to/ with/ and B 把A 连接到B 上
connect A with B 把A 和B 联系起来
A be connected with B A和B 有联系
consist
consist of 由„„组成 （无被动）
Each team consists of no more than five gymnasts.
consist in„ 在于 = lie in
The beauty of Venice consists in the style
of its ancient buildings.
威尼斯的美在于其古建筑的风格.
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.
conclusion
1
2
3
4
得出结论
（= ）最后; 总而言之
condition
_______________bad/ good/ excellent/ perfect ______________ 某物处于„„的状态
生活/居住/工作条件
经济状况
条件是„„ =
满足某人的条件
无论如何都不
被训练得习惯于/ 适应于„„
无条件的爱
confident
A.
对... 有信心
（从句）_________________________________________
____________________ n.
有/缺乏自信
自信的
connect
把A 连接到B 上
把A 和B 联系起来
A 和B 有联系
consist
由„„组成 （无被动）
consist in„ 在于 = lie in
威尼斯的美在于其古建筑的风格.
contrary
on the contrary 正相反
(be) contrary to 与„„相反
Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.
与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。
contribute
contribute to (为„) 做贡献 ; 促使；是导致„的原因之一 ; (为报刊、书籍等) 撰稿 contribute money or resources to sth
捐献; 捐助; 援助
control
n.
sb is in control of sth 某人对某事有掌控权
sth is under sb’s control / is under control of some organization 某事在某人/组织的控制下 take/ have control of„ 掌控„„
lose control of„ 对„„失控
sth be under control （不利事件）得到控制
sth be out of control 失控了
v.
control sth
control oneself
cost
vt.
sth cost 50yuan
sth cost sb sth 某事使某人付出„„的代价
n.
at the cost of „ 以„„为成本
at any cost= at all costs 不惜任何代价
costly a. 昂贵的
curious
be curious about sth 对„„感到好奇
Curiously, „ ad. 奇怪的是
curiosity n.
out of curiosity 出于好奇
contrary
正相反
与„„相反
与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。
contribute
(为„) 做贡献 ; 促使；是导致„的原因之一 ; (为报刊、书籍等) 撰稿
捐献; 捐助; 援助
control
n.
某人对某事有掌控权
某事在某人/组织的控制下
掌控„„
对„„失控
（不利事件）得到控制
失控了
v.
control sth
control oneself
cost vt.
... 花了50块
某事使某人付出„„的代价
n.
以„„为成本
不惜任何代价
a. 昂贵的
curious
对„„感到好奇
ad. 奇怪的是
____________________n.
出于好奇
detail
the details of sth „„的细节
examine or discuss sth in detail 详细地检查或讨论„„
deny
否认；否定；拒绝接受
deny a claim/ a charge/ an accusation 否认说法/指控/指责
There ’s no denying (the fact) that„无可否认„„
It can’t be denied that„ 无可否认„„
deny doing sth 否认做某事
deny that„
deny sb sth -----sb be denied sth
They were denied access to the information. 他们试图取得这个情报被拒。
desire
n. have a (strong) desire to do sth
have a (strong) desire for sth
对（做）某事有强烈的欲望
v. desire sth. 渴望某事
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
the desired effect 预期（想要的）效果
sth leaves a lot/ much/ something to be desired
某事尚有（许多/ 一些）需要改进之处
dare
V . 敢
一般多用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中常有not be afraid代替
既可以作“行为动词”，也可以作“情态动词”, 作情态动词时常用于一般现在时。 I didn’t dare (to) ask.
He won’t dare (to) break his promise.
I daren’t tell her the truth.
How dare you say that?
distance
N. 距离; 远处; 疏离；v. 疏远
What ’s the distance between A and B?
at / from a distance 从远处
in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance 对„„冷淡；与„„保持一定距离
within shouting/ walking distance 很近/走路的距离之内
detail
„„的细节
详细地检查或讨论„„
deny
否认；否定；拒绝接受
否认说法/指控/指责
无可否认„„
无可否认„„
否认做某事
从句
deny sb sth -----sb be denied sth
他们试图取得这个情报被拒。
desire
n.
对（做）某事有强烈的欲望
v.
渴望某事
渴望做某事
预期（想要的）效果
某事尚有（许多/ 一些）需要改进之处
dare
V . 敢
一般多用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中常用_________________代替
既可以作“行为动词”，也可以作“情态动词”, 作情态动词时常用于一般现在时。
distance
N. 距离; 远处; 疏离；v. 疏远
从远处
在远处
对„„冷淡；与„„保持一定距离
很近/走路的距离之内
eliminate
eliminate sth/ sb (from sth) (从„„中）清除„„
This diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body. „„从体内排除毒素
The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation. „„从调查中排除两名嫌疑人
sb eliminated (from the tournament) （在比赛中）被淘汰
doubt
n. 疑惑；疑问；不确定；不相信
a feeling of doubt and uncertainty 迟疑不定的感觉
there is some doubt about sth 对于„„有点疑惑
There is no doubt that„毫无疑问
cast doubt on sth 对„„产生疑惑
raise doubts about„ 对„„提出疑问
This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far. 无疑 v. 怀疑; 不信任
doubt sth
never doubt that„
doubt whether„
dress
n. a long white dress 白色长连衣裙
casual/ formal dress 便服/礼服
He has no dress sense. 他毫无服装品味。
The company has a strict dress code. 服装规定
vt. Vi.
dress the children in their best clothes 给孩子们穿上最漂亮的衣服
get dressed 穿好衣服
be dressed in black 穿黑色的衣服
dress for dinner 穿正装赴宴
dress up 穿上盛装；乔装打扮成„„(dress up as„/ be dressed up as„)
drop
drop back/ drop behind 后退；落后
We can’t afford to drop behind our competitors. 落后于„„
drop by/in/round 顺便访问
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人
drop into sth 顺便进入„„
drop out (of sth) 辍学
due to
因为；由于
The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. （作表语）
The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding. （状语）
emergency
n.
deal with emergencies 处理紧急事件
in case of emergency 万一遇到紧急情况
a.
taking emergency action 采取紧急措施
call an emergency meeting 召开紧急会议
make an emergency appointment 挂急诊
escape through an emergency exit 从紧急出口逃出
emergency workers 急救人员
effort
make an effort/ every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力做„„
require considerable time and effort
需要大量的时间和精力
with effort /with an effort 吃力; 费力
sth is worth the effort 值得去努力
deserve
应得; 应受; 值得
deserve a reward 应受奖励
deserve (the) punishment 应受惩罚
deserve to do 值得做
deserve doing 值得被做 = deserve to be done
Your suggestion deserves considering/ to be considered. 你的建议值得被考虑
divide
be divided into 3 parts 被分为„„
divide it into 3 parts
divide the cake among the kids/ among 4 plates在（三者或以上）中分
divides most of his spare time between the study and his bedroom 在（两者）中分 9 divided by 3 is 3. 除以
devote
献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) If you devote yourself, your time, or your energy to something, you spend all or most of your time or energy on it.
将(文章或讲话的某一部分) 专用（于） If you devote a particular proportion of a piece of writing or a speech to a particular subject, you deal with the subject in that amount of space or time.
devoted
adj.
爱好的; 热衷的; 致力（于„）的
sb is devoted to sth
2. 深爱的; 挚爱的; 忠诚的
a loving and devoted husband
sb is devoted to sb
3. 专用于„的
sth is devoted to sth
The shop is devoted to a new range of accessories.
该商店专营新的一系列配件。
depend
depend on/ upon sb/ sth 依靠；依赖于„„
depend on sth / whether从句 取决于„„
depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做某事
depend on sb for sth 指望某人获得某物
It （all ） depends. 视情形而定。
a. dependent be ~ on„ 依赖于„„
independent be ~ of„ 独立于„„
difference
make a difference
make a lot of difference
make no difference
make such a difference
对„„造成„„的影响
mean the difference between A and B
意味着AB 之别
show a wide difference in tastes
表明在口味方面大有不同
do 的特殊用法
1. （在进行对比、比较或说明两组事物相同时，用来代替前面的动词词组）
I make more money than he does.
我挣钱比他多。
I had fantasies, as do all mothers, about how life would be when my girls were grown. 和所有母亲一样，我对女儿们长大后的生活怀有幻想。
2. do a lot of damage / good/ harm;
have something/ nothing to do with
3. Anything to create a scene and attract attention will do.
任何能引起争吵、吸引注意力的事情都可以/ 行。
We need a win — a draw won't do at all.
我们需要一场胜利，平局根本不行。
deserve
应得; 应受; 值得
deserve a reward 应受奖励
deserve (the) punishment 应受惩罚
deserve to do 值得做
deserve doing 值得被做 = deserve to be done
Your suggestion deserves considering/ to be considered. 你的建议值得被考虑
divide
be divided into 3 parts 被分为„„
divide it into 3 parts
divide the cake among the kids/ among 4 plates在（三者或以上）中分
divides most of his spare time between the study and his bedroom 在（两者）中分 9 divided by 3 is 3. 除以
devote
献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) If you devote yourself, your time, or your energy to something, you spend all or most of your time or energy on it.
将(文章或讲话的某一部分) 专用（于） If you devote a particular proportion of a piece of writing or a speech to a particular subject, you deal with the subject in that amount of space or time. devoted
adj.
爱好的; 热衷的; 致力（于„）的
sb is devoted to sth
2. 深爱的; 挚爱的; 忠诚的
a loving and devoted husband
sb is devoted to sb
3. 专用于„的
sth is devoted to sth
The shop is devoted to a new range of accessories.
该商店专营新的一系列配件。
depend
depend on/ upon sb/ sth 依靠；依赖于„„
depend on sth / whether从句 取决于„„
depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做某事
depend on sb for sth 指望某人获得某物
It （all ） depends. 视情形而定。
a. dependent be ~ on„ 依赖于„„
independent be ~ of„ 独立于„„
difference
make a difference
make a lot of difference
make no difference
make such a difference
对„„造成„„的影响
mean the difference between A and B
意味着AB 之别
show a wide difference in tastes
表明在口味方面大有不同
fascinate
vt. vi.
sth fascinate sb 某物迷住某人
sb be fascinated by sb 某人对„„着迷
sb be fascinated to see/ learn 某人发现„„，极感兴趣 fascinated a. 感到着迷的
fascinating a. 迷人的
favour
n. 帮助； 恩惠； 赞同；
Could you do me a favour? 请你帮一个忙
May I ask a favour of you? 请你帮一个忙
He owes me a favour. 他欠我一个人情
[ find /win favour with sb 得到„„的支持
lose favour with sb 不受„„欢迎]
Sb be in favour of sth 某人支持„„ sth be in sb’s favour 某物对某人有利 vt. 偏爱； 有利于；
favour A over B 偏爱A 胜过B
sth favour sb 某物对某人（条件等）有利 favourable a.
fix
fix your eyes on sth
your eyes fix on sth 专注地看„„
with your eyes fixed on„ (作伴随状语)
focus
sb focus on „
sb ’s attention is focused on„
focus sb’s attention on„
集中注意力于„„
the focus of (her life/ the controversy /„)
„„的重点/焦点
free a.
free from /of 没有；免于；不受„影响的
set sb free 释放„„
do sth for free 免费做„„
be free to do sth 自由地做„„
tax-free earnings 免税收入
a trouble-free / care-free life 无忧无虑的生活 vt. free sb from„ 释放„„自由；使摆脱„„
a. free (of charge) 免费地
engage
engage in 从事；参与
Everyone engaged in the search.
engage sb/ oneself in„ 使„„忙于„„/参与„„
I engaged him in conversation.
be engaged in„ 从事„„；忙于„„；
At this moment, he was engaged in a very violent argument with someone.
be engaged to sb 和„„订婚
effect
have a good/ bad/ great/ positive/ negative effect on„ 对„„有„„的影响
bring/ put„into effect 使„„生效；实行
„„come into effect „„生效
in effect 实际上；事实上
sth be in effect 在实施中；有效
take effect 开始起作用；生效
with effect 立即生效
effort
make an effort/ every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力做„„
require considerable time and effort
需要大量的时间和精力
with effort /with an effort 吃力; 费力
sth is worth the effort 值得去努力
emphasis
put/ place emphasis on„ 强调„„
The emphasis is on „ 重点在于„„
say with emphasis 加重语气说„„
equip
给以装备；配备
They can’t afford to equip the army properly.
The traveller was well equipped.
使具备条件；（尤指通过教育）使做好准备
Your education will equip you to earn a good living./ equip you for the job.
equip „ with „ 用„„来装备„„
be equipped with sth 装备了„„
be eager to do sth 急切地想做某事
be eager for sth 热切希望得到„„
be eager for sb to do sth 热切希望某人做„„
be eager that „ 热切希望„„
with an eager expression 带着热切的表情
eagerness n. (~ to do/ for)
earn
earn money 挣钱
earn sb sth (eg. earn him respect)
earn sth for sb 为某人赢得„„
earn one’s living 谋生
earnings n. 赚得的钱
encourage
encourage sb to do „ 鼓励某人做某事
（sb be encouraged to do„ ）
encourage sth 刺激; 助长; 促进 „
encouraging a. 鼓舞人心的
give sb a great deal of encouragement n. 给某人以很大鼓舞
enable
enable sb to do 使某人能够做„„
end
n. 末端；尽头
at the end of„ 在„„的末端
from end to end 从一端到另一端
in the end 最后
come to an end 结束
make ends meet 使收支相抵；使入能敷出
put an end to sth 结束（不好的事），制止
without end 没完没了
end
vi. The meeting ended.
vt. It is necessary to end this trouble.
His career is ended now. (系表结构)
end up 最后（以„„告终）
~ + in prison/ failure/
~ + doing (crying her eyes out)
~ + adj. (dead/ anxious)
~ + as ( a lawyer/ a direct ) 结果成为„„
end up with„ 以„„而结束
(用于所言不包括的人或事物之前）除„„之外
We work every day except Sunday.
He rarely went anywhere except to his office.
It had no effect except to make him angry.
He doesn’t want to do anything except help me.(=but) [前有do, 后省to; 前无do, 后加to] I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
He never came except when he was in trouble.
Your picture is good except for some of the colours.
Except for John, the whole class passed the test. (用在句首，相当于用在句中的except)
exception
This case is an exception to the rule. (例外)
without exception 毫无例外地
You must answer all the questions without exception.
excuse
原谅 vt.
excuse sb
excuse my bad handwriting
excuse my / me doing sth
excuse sb for doing sth
允许某人离开 vt
Will you excuse me for a while? 允许我离开一会行吗？
excuse from 使免于„„
I have excused him from homework for this evening.
n. 借口
without excuse 无故地（缺席）
make an excuse 找借口
exchange
v.
exchange views/ places/ gifts (with sb)
exchange „for „
n. 交换；外汇；交易所
in exchange (for sth ) 作为交换
stock exchange 证券交易所
u.n. have a lot of fun 玩得开心
Have fun (= Enjoy yourself) ! 尽情玩吧！ for fun 为了好玩
It is not much fun doing„ 做„„没什么 意思。
What fun it is to do„! 做„„真好玩！ make fun of sb./ sth. 拿„„开玩笑
further
adv. Adj. verb
decide to investigate further 决定进一步调查
go abroad for further study 出国深造
go abroad to further her study 出国深造
further her career 进一步发展她的事业
gain
gain entrance/ entry/ access to sth 得以进入/接近某物 gain its independence 赢得独立
gain sb sth (gain her worldwide recognition) 为„„赢得 gain confidence/ strength/ experience 增加„„
gain weight 增肥 (lose)
My watch gains (two minutes every 24 hours). (lose) 走快 n. No pains, no gains.
go
go after 追赶；追求
go against 违反；违背；与„„不符
go ahead 往前走；进行；着手干
go along 进展
go by （时间）逝去
go down 下沉；下降 ( go up 上升)
go down with „染上„„病
go in for 爱好
go on to do/ doing / with 继续做„„ （三者有区别） go over 仔细检查；反复研究； 复习
go through 经理；详细研究
gone adj. be gone 用完了；不见了；一去不复返
grateful
adj. 感激的；表示感谢的
be grateful to sb [for (doing) sth]
be grateful to do sth
be grateful that„
I would be grateful if you could„
gratitude n.
express one’s gratitude to sb for (doing) sth
smile at me with gratitude 感激地朝我笑了笑 a deep sense of gratitude 深深的谢意
habit
have the habit of doing sth
be in the habit of doing sth 有做„„的习惯
have got/ fallen into the habit of doing sth
form/ develop the habit of doing„ 形成做„„的习惯 out of/ by/ from habit 出于习惯
break/ kick / get out of the habit of doing 改掉„„的习惯 habitual a. 习惯性的
handle
n. 1）把, 柄 2）把柄，口实
vt. 拿；处理；管理；对付
handle a knife and fork
handle the difficulty/ problem
handle the business
handle the thief
anxious
be anxious about sth
be anxious for sb
为„„担心
an anxious look/ face/ expression 忧虑的目光/面容/表情
be anxious to do sth
be anxious for sth
be anxious for sb to do sth
be anxious that „
非常渴望„„
absorb
absorb oxygen/ cream吸收氧气/乳液
absorb heat/ light/ energy 吸收热、光、能
absorb refugees 接纳难民
absorb information 理解信息（=take in）
absorb sb 使全神贯注 （be absorbed in„)
absorb $80 billion 耗费（金钱、时间等）
admire
admire sth
admire sb for sth
admire sb for doing sth
钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
aware
adj.
be really/ well aware of sth
be aware that„
be environmentally aware 环保意识强
awareness n.
an awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet
lack of awareness of „
raise/ increase public awareness of sth
environmental awareness
available
sth be available to sb
Tickets are available to the teachers free of charge from the school.
sb is available 某人有空
Will she be available this afternoon?
available resources/ facilities 可利用的资源/设备
appreciate
1. 欣赏；重视
appreciate +n.
2. 感谢 (后面不可跟人)
appreciate your help
appreciate it
appreciate doing sth
appreciate you(r) doing sth
I would appreciate it very much if you could„
3. 意识到 （=realize)
arrange
安排；筹备
arrange sth
arrange how to get to the airport
arrange for sb to do
arrange to meet him
arrange that we can borrow their car
as arranged 如安排的那样
整理，排列，布置
arrange sth
adapt
适应
adapt (oneself) to change/ the new system/ the new environment
改编
adapt novels for television
（改变某物）使其适应（新用途）
adapt sth for use by disabled people
adapt these styles to suit individual tastes
apply
申请；请求
apply for a job/ passport/ grant
apply to a company for a job
apply to join the army
使用；应用
apply political pressure
apply the new technology to farming
涂；敷
apply the cream to your face
有关；涉及
What I am saying applies only to some of you.
application
Appeal vi.
appeal (to sb)( for sth) 为获得„„而呼吁某人
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
sth appeal to sb 某物吸引某人
appeal to sb/ sth 向„„提出上诉
appeal against sth 提出申诉以反对„„
n.
an appeal （to sb/ for sth/ to do sth） „„的呼吁
an appeal against sth 反对„„的申诉
appealing adj. 有吸引力的
assign
assign sth to sb / assign sb sth 把„„布置/分配给某人
assign sb to sth/ sp. 指派某人去做某事/去某地
assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某事
ambition
(achieve one’s) ambition to be/ do sth/ of being/doing sth
one ’s ambition is to do/ be sth
lifelong ambition
political/ literary/ sporting ambitions „抱负；志向
access
n. 通道；入径
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.
（使用或见到的）机会；权利
Students must have access to good resources.
get/ gain access to„
deny access to„ 被阻挡见„„
accessible adj.
sth be accessible to sb 某地对于某人来说是可到达的/ 某物对于某人来说是容易理解的 sb is accessible 某人是易接近的
accuse
accuse sb of sth
accuse sb of doing
the accused 被告
accustom
be/ become/ get/ grow accustomed to sth/ to doing sth
习惯于/ 变得习惯于（做）某事
accustom oneself to sth/ to doing sth
使习惯于（做）某事
add
add sth (to sth) 把„„加到„„里
add 9 to 10/ add 9 and 10 (together) 把9加10
补充说： add sth to my earlier statement
add, “„„”
add that„
add a brilliant touch to your life 为你的生活增添绚丽的一笔
add to difficulties/ beauty/ happiness 增添难度/美丽/快乐
add sth up 把„„加起来
add sth in 把„„加进去
add up to sth 总计为„„ ( The numbers add up to 100.)
as far as
as far as I know 据我所知
as far as I’m concerned 在我看来
as far as I can see 在我看来
as far as I can recall / remember据我所能记得
as far as the eye can see 放眼望去
as far as the gate 一直到大门的地方
avoid
avoid a disaster 避免灾难的发生
avoid him 避开他
avoid doing 避免做某事
avoid being hurt 避免受到伤害
associate
If you associate someone or something with another thing, the two are connected in your mind.联系; 联想
If you are associated with a particular organization, cause, or point of view, or if you associate yourself with it, you support it publicly.使与（某个组织、事业或观点）有关系; 公开支持
awake
adj.
stay/keep/ be awake
keep sb awake
be wide awake 毫无睡意
v. awake (awoke, awoken)
awake sb 唤醒某人
syn. wake (woke, woken)
awaken (awakened, awakened)
Award n.
win an award 得奖
receive the award 领奖
v.
award sb sth
award sth to sb
sb be awarded sth
award & reward
奖；奖品；奖状 An award is a prize or certificate that a person is given for doing something well. If someone is awarded something such as a prize or an examination mark, it is given to them. 辨析：
A reward is something that you are given, for example because you have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community 奖赏
If you do something and are rewarded with a particular benefit, you receive that benefit as a result of doing that thing.奖赏; 奖励; 酬谢
If you say that something rewards your attention or effort, you mean that it is worth spending time or effort on it.值得（付出时间或精力）
rewarding a. 有回报的
vt. 基于
base sth on sth / sth be based on sth
He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.
n. 基础；基地；底座；基本
an army/ military base军事基地
believe
believe it or not
believe that„
believe sb
believe in sb
It is believed that„
sb is believed to be/ to have done/ to be doing„
before
It was / had been many years before sb did sth 过了很多年某人才„„
It will be a year before we graduate from high school. 还要过一年才„„
It wasn’t/ hadn’t been very long before sb did„ 过了不久某人就„„
It won’t be long before sb does sth 不久某人就会„„
He rushed out of the room before I could stop him.
我来不及拦住他，他就冲出了房间。
beyond
beyond understanding 超出理解
beyond belief 难以置信
beyond recognition 认不出来；面目全非
beyond imagination 超乎想象
beyond words 难以用语言形容
beyond him 超出他的能力范围
beyond his control 超出他的控制
beyond reach 伸手够不着
begin with
begin with sth 以„„开始
to begin with, 首先
n. the benefit of sth 某物的好处
sth is of benefit to sb= sth is to sb’s benefit = sth is beneficial to sb 某物对某人有好处 have the benefit of sth 有„„的有利条件
for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益
v.
sth benefit sb 某物对某人有益
sb benefit (a lot) from sth 某人从某物中获益
beneficial a.
be beneficial to sb
have a beneficial effect on sb.
benefit
某物的好处
某物对某人有好处
有„„的有利条件
为了某人的利益
v.
某物对某人有益
某人从某物中获益
a. ___________
_______________ sb
_______________ on sb.
vt.
blame sb for sth 因„„而责备某人
blame sb for doing sth
sb be to blame for „ 某人因„„应该受到责备
n.
born
„be born of / to sb „„是某人生的
„be born into a „family „出生于某样的家庭
„be born with sth 与生俱来有„„
Jack is a born teacher. Jack天生是当老师的料。
a newborn baby
call for
需要; 要求 call for sth
要求; 呼吁 call for sb to do sth
call for sth
call for him to resign= call for his resignation 要求他辞职 接（人） call for sb
打电话叫„„ call for an ambulance
capable
be capable of doing sth 能够做某事
a very capable speaker 一个能说会道的人
have the capability to do sth 有能力做„„
in case+从句 / in case of +n.
1. 假使
In case he comes, let me know.
如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。
2. 免得, 以防
Keep the window closed in case it rains.
把窗户关好, 以防下雨。
3. 也许, 说不定
Here's a stick in case you should need it.
给你根木棍, 也许你用得着它。
Vt.
因„„而责备某人
某人因„„应该受到责备
n.
born
„是某人生的
„出生于某样的家庭
与生俱来有„„
天生是当老师的料
新生儿
call for
需要; 要求
要求; 呼吁
要求他辞职
接（人）
打电话叫„„
capable
能够做某事
一个能说会道的人
有能力做„„
in case+从句 / in case of +n.
1. 假使
_________________________
如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。
2. 免得, 以防
_____________________________
把窗户关好, 以防下雨。
3. 也许, 说不定
_____________________________
给你根木棍, 也许你用得着它。
= call off 取消
cancellation n.
cause
v.
cause problems [cause sth]
cause me some worry [cause sb sth]
cause the disease to spread [cause sb to do]
n.
the cause of death 起因
educational cause / the cause of education 教育事业 cause and effect 因果关系
challenge
a big challenge
rise to the challenge 迎接挑战；应对挑战
make a (direct) challenge to the authority of the government 直接对政府的权威发出了质疑
v. challenge sb 向某人挑战
challenge sth 对„„提出质疑
sb be challenged by a guard 被一个警卫盘问 can ’t but do
can ’t (help) but do sth 只好做„„
=can’t do nothing but do sth 只好做
= have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能
can ’t help doing 忍不住做„„
can ’t help (to) do 不能帮助做„„
cancel
= 取消
n.
cause
v.
____________ problems [cause sth] ____________worry [cause sb sth]
cause the disease __________ [cause sb ______]
n.
起因
_______________________________________ 教育事业 因果关系
challenge
a big challenge
迎接挑战；应对挑战
直接对政府的权威发出了质疑
v. 向某人挑战
对„„提出质疑
被一个警卫盘问
can ’t but do
只好做„„
= 只好做
= 别无选择只能
忍不住做„„
不能帮助做„„
他苏醒过来，抬起头，看见了巴尼。
Choose
从„„选择„„
在„„之间选择
挑选„„作为„„
情愿做某事
choice n.
只好做„„
多种„„可供选择
Claim
vt. 1. 声称；宣称
claim that„
声称是„„
声称做了„„
声称自己是„„
声称对„„负有责任
2. 索取，索要(有权拥有的东西)
3. 取得，获得，赢得(纪录、冠军或奖励)
4. (战争、疾病、事故) 夺去(生命) n. 声称； 断言； 索赔
Combine
vt.
把A 和B 结合起来
把两个或更多的东西结合起来；
„兼有两个性质或特点
vi. A 和B 结合起来
以„„
在A 和B 的共同努力下
come to
1. 当说到„„
2. 结束
3. (经历漫长的过程或时间后) 开始(做某事)
4. 某人突然想到/ 记起„„
5. 总计达$80
6. _____________________________________Barney.
他苏醒过来，抬起头，看见了巴尼。
v. 1) 命令
command sb to do„ command sth (~ the release of the prisoners)
command that sb (should) do„ „command, “„”
2) 指挥 command the troops 指挥这些军队
3) 博得；值得 command sympathy/ support/ respect / her attention / a six-figure salary n. 1) 命令 give/ obey the command 发出/遵守命令
2) （尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力
have a good command of English 精通英语
3) 控制；指挥
comment
n. 评论；解释
make comment(s) on/ about sth
对„„发表评论
without comment 未作解释
No comment! 无可奉告！
v.
comment on sth comment that„ „comment, “„”
common
adj. 1）常见的；普通的
a common English name 常见英语名字
a common sight 常见景象
the common people 老百姓
It ’s quite common to do„
2）共有的；共同的
share a common interest in„
在„„方面兴趣相投
sth be common to sth
对于„„来说，„„是共同的
for a common purpose 为了共同目标
3） have something/ nothing/ a lot / much in common (with sb)
与„„有一些/毫无/很大相同之处 （想法、兴趣等方面）
communicate
communicate with sb (by e-mail) (in sign language)
与某人（通过E-mail ）（用手语）交流
communicate information/ a message/ one’s ideas to sb
把„„传递给某人
company
n. 1) 公司 an insurance company 保险公司
2）陪伴；作伴
enjoy Jo’s company 喜欢和Jo 在一起
enjoy one’s own company 喜欢独自一人
keep sb company 陪伴某人
in company with sb/ sth 与„„一起；与„„同时
v. 1)
command sb __________
command sth (~ the release of the prisoners)
command that______________ „command, “„”
2) 指挥 _____________________________________________指挥这些军队
3) 博得；值得 command sympathy/ support/ respect / her attention / a six-figure salary n. 1) 命令 ____________________________________________ 发出/遵守命令
2) （尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力
_________________________________________________精通英语
3) 控制；指挥
comment
n. 评论；解释
__________________________________________________ 对„„发表评论
____________________________ 未作解释___________________________ 无可奉告！ v.
comment on sth
comment that„
„comment, “„”
common
adj. 1）常见的；普通的
__________________________常见英语名字___________________________ 常见景象 _________________________________ 老百姓
It ’s quite common ______________
2）共有的；共同的
在„„方面兴趣相投
对于„„来说，„„是共同的
_______________________ 为了共同目标
3） ___________________________________________________________________ 与„„有一些/毫无/很大相同之处 （想法、兴趣等方面）
communicate
_____________________________________________ 与某人（通过E-mail ）（用手语）交流
communicate (information/ a message/ one’s ideas) ____________把„„传递给某人 company
n. 1) 公司 _________________________________ 保险公司
2）陪伴；作伴
____________________________________ 喜欢和Jo 在一起
______________________________ 喜欢独自一人
_______________________ 陪伴某人
____________________ 与„„一起；与„„同时
compare
vt.
compare A with B
把A 和B 进行比较
Compared with B, A „.
和B 相比，A „„
compare the two things
将两件东西进行比较
compare A to B 把A 比作B
A doesn’t compare with B A 比B 差得多
She was a storyteller beyond compare. (n.) 无与伦比
comparison n.
make a comparison (between A and B)
(在A 和B 之间) 做个比较
the comparison of her life to a sea voyage
将她的人生比作一次海上航行
in comparison with=in comparison to= by comparison with
there is no comparison between A and B
A 和B 不能相提并论
complain
complain about sth 抱怨；发牢骚
complain that„
complain to sb 向某人抱怨
complain of pain or illness
诉说有„病痛; 主诉
complaint n. ( about „)
a letter of complaint 投诉信
compose
be composed of „ 由„„组成
composes a piece of music 创作一首乐曲
concentrate
concentrate on sth
concentrate your mind on sth
全神贯注于„„
sth be concentrated in an area
某物集中在某地
concentration n. 全神贯注；集中；（溶液的）浓度
concern
vt. 1）涉及；牵涉；影响 （常用于被动）
sth concerns sb/ sth
Don ’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you. 与„相比
Where our children’s education is concerned, „ 在涉及到孩子教育问题的地方
the individuals concerned 所涉及到的个人
all concerned 有关各方
To whom it may concern, 敬启者 （用于公告或求职推荐信的开头）
As far as I am concerned, 就我而言
concern
vt. 2）与„„有关 （=be about）
sth concerns sth
=sth concerns itself with sth
=sth is concerned with sth
3） 让（某人）担忧 （= worry sb）
What concerns me is„
It concerns me that„
be concerned about (/ for ) sth
be concerned that„
concerned parents/ experts 忧心忡忡的父母/专家
同）
4） （对„„）感兴趣/关切/关注
concern oneself with/ about sth
be concerned with/ about„
concern
n. (U,C) 担忧
~ about/ for/ over sth / sb
~ that„
There is growing concern about„
„„的忧虑日益加重
There is widespread/ public concern that„
人们普遍/公众对„„感到忧虑
raise concerns about„提出对„„的担忧
其它释义：
保护的愿望；重要的事；负责的事；公司
（注意前置定语和后置定语含义的不
compare
vt.
把A 和B 进行比较
和B 相比，A „„
将两件东西进行比较
把A 比作B A 比B 差得多 (n.) 无与伦比
n.
(在A 和B 之间) 做个比较
将她的人生比作一次海上航行
与„相比
A 和B 不能相提并论
complain
抱怨；发牢骚
complain that„
向某人抱怨
诉说有„病痛; 主诉
n. ( 介词__________________„)
投诉信
compose
由„„组成
创作一首乐曲
concentrate
全神贯注于„„
某物集中在某地
n. 全神贯注；集中；（溶液的）浓度
concern
vt. 1）涉及；牵涉；影响 （常用于被动）
sth concerns sb/ sth
Don ’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you.
„ 在涉及到孩子教育问题的地方 所涉及到的个人
有关各方
敬启者 （用于公告或求职推荐信的开头）
就我而言
concern
vt. 2）与„„有关 （= ）
=
=
3） 让（某人）担忧 （= ）
What concerns me is„
It concerns me that„
be concerned about (/ for ) sth
be concerned that„
忧心忡忡的父母/专家 （注意前置定语和后置定语含义的不同）
4） （对„„）感兴趣/关切/关注
concern oneself _______________sth
be concerned ___________________
concern
n. (U,C) 担忧
~ about/ for/ over sth / sb
~ that„
„„的忧虑日益加重
人们普遍/公众对„„感到忧虑
提出对„„的担忧__________________________________________________
其它释义：
保护的愿望；重要的事；负责的事；公司
conclusion
draw a conclusion
come to the conclusion
reach the conclusion
lead to the conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion （= finally）最后; 总而言之
condition
sth be in bad/ good/ excellent/ perfect condition
某物处于„„的状态
living/ housing/ working conditions
生活/居住/工作条件
economic conditions 经济状况
on condition that„ (=only if) 条件是„„
meet one’s conditions 满足某人的条件
on / under no condition 无论如何都不
be conditioned to sth/ to do sth 被训练得习惯于/ 适应于„„ unconditional love 无条件的爱
confident
a.
be confident of/ about sth
be confident that„
confidence n.
have/ lack confidence in sth
with confidence
connect
connect A to/ with/ and B 把A 连接到B 上
connect A with B 把A 和B 联系起来
A be connected with B A和B 有联系
consist
consist of 由„„组成 （无被动）
Each team consists of no more than five gymnasts.
consist in„ 在于 = lie in
The beauty of Venice consists in the style
of its ancient buildings.
威尼斯的美在于其古建筑的风格.
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.
conclusion
1
2
3
4
得出结论
（= ）最后; 总而言之
condition
_______________bad/ good/ excellent/ perfect ______________ 某物处于„„的状态
生活/居住/工作条件
经济状况
条件是„„ =
满足某人的条件
无论如何都不
被训练得习惯于/ 适应于„„
无条件的爱
confident
A.
对... 有信心
（从句）_________________________________________
____________________ n.
有/缺乏自信
自信的
connect
把A 连接到B 上
把A 和B 联系起来
A 和B 有联系
consist
由„„组成 （无被动）
consist in„ 在于 = lie in
威尼斯的美在于其古建筑的风格.
contrary
on the contrary 正相反
(be) contrary to 与„„相反
Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.
与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。
contribute
contribute to (为„) 做贡献 ; 促使；是导致„的原因之一 ; (为报刊、书籍等) 撰稿 contribute money or resources to sth
捐献; 捐助; 援助
control
n.
sb is in control of sth 某人对某事有掌控权
sth is under sb’s control / is under control of some organization 某事在某人/组织的控制下 take/ have control of„ 掌控„„
lose control of„ 对„„失控
sth be under control （不利事件）得到控制
sth be out of control 失控了
v.
control sth
control oneself
cost
vt.
sth cost 50yuan
sth cost sb sth 某事使某人付出„„的代价
n.
at the cost of „ 以„„为成本
at any cost= at all costs 不惜任何代价
costly a. 昂贵的
curious
be curious about sth 对„„感到好奇
Curiously, „ ad. 奇怪的是
curiosity n.
out of curiosity 出于好奇
contrary
正相反
与„„相反
与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。
contribute
(为„) 做贡献 ; 促使；是导致„的原因之一 ; (为报刊、书籍等) 撰稿
捐献; 捐助; 援助
control
n.
某人对某事有掌控权
某事在某人/组织的控制下
掌控„„
对„„失控
（不利事件）得到控制
失控了
v.
control sth
control oneself
cost vt.
... 花了50块
某事使某人付出„„的代价
n.
以„„为成本
不惜任何代价
a. 昂贵的
curious
对„„感到好奇
ad. 奇怪的是
____________________n.
出于好奇
detail
the details of sth „„的细节
examine or discuss sth in detail 详细地检查或讨论„„
deny
否认；否定；拒绝接受
deny a claim/ a charge/ an accusation 否认说法/指控/指责
There ’s no denying (the fact) that„无可否认„„
It can’t be denied that„ 无可否认„„
deny doing sth 否认做某事
deny that„
deny sb sth -----sb be denied sth
They were denied access to the information. 他们试图取得这个情报被拒。
desire
n. have a (strong) desire to do sth
have a (strong) desire for sth
对（做）某事有强烈的欲望
v. desire sth. 渴望某事
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
the desired effect 预期（想要的）效果
sth leaves a lot/ much/ something to be desired
某事尚有（许多/ 一些）需要改进之处
dare
V . 敢
一般多用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中常有not be afraid代替
既可以作“行为动词”，也可以作“情态动词”, 作情态动词时常用于一般现在时。 I didn’t dare (to) ask.
He won’t dare (to) break his promise.
I daren’t tell her the truth.
How dare you say that?
distance
N. 距离; 远处; 疏离；v. 疏远
What ’s the distance between A and B?
at / from a distance 从远处
in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance 对„„冷淡；与„„保持一定距离
within shouting/ walking distance 很近/走路的距离之内
detail
„„的细节
详细地检查或讨论„„
deny
否认；否定；拒绝接受
否认说法/指控/指责
无可否认„„
无可否认„„
否认做某事
从句
deny sb sth -----sb be denied sth
他们试图取得这个情报被拒。
desire
n.
对（做）某事有强烈的欲望
v.
渴望某事
渴望做某事
预期（想要的）效果
某事尚有（许多/ 一些）需要改进之处
dare
V . 敢
一般多用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中常用_________________代替
既可以作“行为动词”，也可以作“情态动词”, 作情态动词时常用于一般现在时。
distance
N. 距离; 远处; 疏离；v. 疏远
从远处
在远处
对„„冷淡；与„„保持一定距离
很近/走路的距离之内
eliminate
eliminate sth/ sb (from sth) (从„„中）清除„„
This diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body. „„从体内排除毒素
The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation. „„从调查中排除两名嫌疑人
sb eliminated (from the tournament) （在比赛中）被淘汰
doubt
n. 疑惑；疑问；不确定；不相信
a feeling of doubt and uncertainty 迟疑不定的感觉
there is some doubt about sth 对于„„有点疑惑
There is no doubt that„毫无疑问
cast doubt on sth 对„„产生疑惑
raise doubts about„ 对„„提出疑问
This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far. 无疑 v. 怀疑; 不信任
doubt sth
never doubt that„
doubt whether„
dress
n. a long white dress 白色长连衣裙
casual/ formal dress 便服/礼服
He has no dress sense. 他毫无服装品味。
The company has a strict dress code. 服装规定
vt. Vi.
dress the children in their best clothes 给孩子们穿上最漂亮的衣服
get dressed 穿好衣服
be dressed in black 穿黑色的衣服
dress for dinner 穿正装赴宴
dress up 穿上盛装；乔装打扮成„„(dress up as„/ be dressed up as„)
drop
drop back/ drop behind 后退；落后
We can’t afford to drop behind our competitors. 落后于„„
drop by/in/round 顺便访问
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人
drop into sth 顺便进入„„
drop out (of sth) 辍学
due to
因为；由于
The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. （作表语）
The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding. （状语）
emergency
n.
deal with emergencies 处理紧急事件
in case of emergency 万一遇到紧急情况
a.
taking emergency action 采取紧急措施
call an emergency meeting 召开紧急会议
make an emergency appointment 挂急诊
escape through an emergency exit 从紧急出口逃出
emergency workers 急救人员
effort
make an effort/ every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力做„„
require considerable time and effort
需要大量的时间和精力
with effort /with an effort 吃力; 费力
sth is worth the effort 值得去努力
deserve
应得; 应受; 值得
deserve a reward 应受奖励
deserve (the) punishment 应受惩罚
deserve to do 值得做
deserve doing 值得被做 = deserve to be done
Your suggestion deserves considering/ to be considered. 你的建议值得被考虑
divide
be divided into 3 parts 被分为„„
divide it into 3 parts
divide the cake among the kids/ among 4 plates在（三者或以上）中分
divides most of his spare time between the study and his bedroom 在（两者）中分 9 divided by 3 is 3. 除以
devote
献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) If you devote yourself, your time, or your energy to something, you spend all or most of your time or energy on it.
将(文章或讲话的某一部分) 专用（于） If you devote a particular proportion of a piece of writing or a speech to a particular subject, you deal with the subject in that amount of space or time.
devoted
adj.
爱好的; 热衷的; 致力（于„）的
sb is devoted to sth
2. 深爱的; 挚爱的; 忠诚的
a loving and devoted husband
sb is devoted to sb
3. 专用于„的
sth is devoted to sth
The shop is devoted to a new range of accessories.
该商店专营新的一系列配件。
depend
depend on/ upon sb/ sth 依靠；依赖于„„
depend on sth / whether从句 取决于„„
depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做某事
depend on sb for sth 指望某人获得某物
It （all ） depends. 视情形而定。
a. dependent be ~ on„ 依赖于„„
independent be ~ of„ 独立于„„
difference
make a difference
make a lot of difference
make no difference
make such a difference
对„„造成„„的影响
mean the difference between A and B
意味着AB 之别
show a wide difference in tastes
表明在口味方面大有不同
do 的特殊用法
1. （在进行对比、比较或说明两组事物相同时，用来代替前面的动词词组）
I make more money than he does.
我挣钱比他多。
I had fantasies, as do all mothers, about how life would be when my girls were grown. 和所有母亲一样，我对女儿们长大后的生活怀有幻想。
2. do a lot of damage / good/ harm;
have something/ nothing to do with
3. Anything to create a scene and attract attention will do.
任何能引起争吵、吸引注意力的事情都可以/ 行。
We need a win — a draw won't do at all.
我们需要一场胜利，平局根本不行。
deserve
应得; 应受; 值得
deserve a reward 应受奖励
deserve (the) punishment 应受惩罚
deserve to do 值得做
deserve doing 值得被做 = deserve to be done
Your suggestion deserves considering/ to be considered. 你的建议值得被考虑
divide
be divided into 3 parts 被分为„„
divide it into 3 parts
divide the cake among the kids/ among 4 plates在（三者或以上）中分
divides most of his spare time between the study and his bedroom 在（两者）中分 9 divided by 3 is 3. 除以
devote
献（身）；奉献，投入(时间、精力等) If you devote yourself, your time, or your energy to something, you spend all or most of your time or energy on it.
将(文章或讲话的某一部分) 专用（于） If you devote a particular proportion of a piece of writing or a speech to a particular subject, you deal with the subject in that amount of space or time. devoted
adj.
爱好的; 热衷的; 致力（于„）的
sb is devoted to sth
2. 深爱的; 挚爱的; 忠诚的
a loving and devoted husband
sb is devoted to sb
3. 专用于„的
sth is devoted to sth
The shop is devoted to a new range of accessories.
该商店专营新的一系列配件。
depend
depend on/ upon sb/ sth 依靠；依赖于„„
depend on sth / whether从句 取决于„„
depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做某事
depend on sb for sth 指望某人获得某物
It （all ） depends. 视情形而定。
a. dependent be ~ on„ 依赖于„„
independent be ~ of„ 独立于„„
difference
make a difference
make a lot of difference
make no difference
make such a difference
对„„造成„„的影响
mean the difference between A and B
意味着AB 之别
show a wide difference in tastes
表明在口味方面大有不同
fascinate
vt. vi.
sth fascinate sb 某物迷住某人
sb be fascinated by sb 某人对„„着迷
sb be fascinated to see/ learn 某人发现„„，极感兴趣 fascinated a. 感到着迷的
fascinating a. 迷人的
favour
n. 帮助； 恩惠； 赞同；
Could you do me a favour? 请你帮一个忙
May I ask a favour of you? 请你帮一个忙
He owes me a favour. 他欠我一个人情
[ find /win favour with sb 得到„„的支持
lose favour with sb 不受„„欢迎]
Sb be in favour of sth 某人支持„„ sth be in sb’s favour 某物对某人有利 vt. 偏爱； 有利于；
favour A over B 偏爱A 胜过B
sth favour sb 某物对某人（条件等）有利 favourable a.
fix
fix your eyes on sth
your eyes fix on sth 专注地看„„
with your eyes fixed on„ (作伴随状语)
focus
sb focus on „
sb ’s attention is focused on„
focus sb’s attention on„
集中注意力于„„
the focus of (her life/ the controversy /„)
„„的重点/焦点
free a.
free from /of 没有；免于；不受„影响的
set sb free 释放„„
do sth for free 免费做„„
be free to do sth 自由地做„„
tax-free earnings 免税收入
a trouble-free / care-free life 无忧无虑的生活 vt. free sb from„ 释放„„自由；使摆脱„„
a. free (of charge) 免费地
engage
engage in 从事；参与
Everyone engaged in the search.
engage sb/ oneself in„ 使„„忙于„„/参与„„
I engaged him in conversation.
be engaged in„ 从事„„；忙于„„；
At this moment, he was engaged in a very violent argument with someone.
be engaged to sb 和„„订婚
effect
have a good/ bad/ great/ positive/ negative effect on„ 对„„有„„的影响
bring/ put„into effect 使„„生效；实行
„„come into effect „„生效
in effect 实际上；事实上
sth be in effect 在实施中；有效
take effect 开始起作用；生效
with effect 立即生效
effort
make an effort/ every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力做„„
require considerable time and effort
需要大量的时间和精力
with effort /with an effort 吃力; 费力
sth is worth the effort 值得去努力
emphasis
put/ place emphasis on„ 强调„„
The emphasis is on „ 重点在于„„
say with emphasis 加重语气说„„
equip
给以装备；配备
They can’t afford to equip the army properly.
The traveller was well equipped.
使具备条件；（尤指通过教育）使做好准备
Your education will equip you to earn a good living./ equip you for the job.
equip „ with „ 用„„来装备„„
be equipped with sth 装备了„„
be eager to do sth 急切地想做某事
be eager for sth 热切希望得到„„
be eager for sb to do sth 热切希望某人做„„
be eager that „ 热切希望„„
with an eager expression 带着热切的表情
eagerness n. (~ to do/ for)
earn
earn money 挣钱
earn sb sth (eg. earn him respect)
earn sth for sb 为某人赢得„„
earn one’s living 谋生
earnings n. 赚得的钱
encourage
encourage sb to do „ 鼓励某人做某事
（sb be encouraged to do„ ）
encourage sth 刺激; 助长; 促进 „
encouraging a. 鼓舞人心的
give sb a great deal of encouragement n. 给某人以很大鼓舞
enable
enable sb to do 使某人能够做„„
end
n. 末端；尽头
at the end of„ 在„„的末端
from end to end 从一端到另一端
in the end 最后
come to an end 结束
make ends meet 使收支相抵；使入能敷出
put an end to sth 结束（不好的事），制止
without end 没完没了
end
vi. The meeting ended.
vt. It is necessary to end this trouble.
His career is ended now. (系表结构)
end up 最后（以„„告终）
~ + in prison/ failure/
~ + doing (crying her eyes out)
~ + adj. (dead/ anxious)
~ + as ( a lawyer/ a direct ) 结果成为„„
end up with„ 以„„而结束
(用于所言不包括的人或事物之前）除„„之外
We work every day except Sunday.
He rarely went anywhere except to his office.
It had no effect except to make him angry.
He doesn’t want to do anything except help me.(=but) [前有do, 后省to; 前无do, 后加to] I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
He never came except when he was in trouble.
Your picture is good except for some of the colours.
Except for John, the whole class passed the test. (用在句首，相当于用在句中的except)
exception
This case is an exception to the rule. (例外)
without exception 毫无例外地
You must answer all the questions without exception.
excuse
原谅 vt.
excuse sb
excuse my bad handwriting
excuse my / me doing sth
excuse sb for doing sth
允许某人离开 vt
Will you excuse me for a while? 允许我离开一会行吗？
excuse from 使免于„„
I have excused him from homework for this evening.
n. 借口
without excuse 无故地（缺席）
make an excuse 找借口
exchange
v.
exchange views/ places/ gifts (with sb)
exchange „for „
n. 交换；外汇；交易所
in exchange (for sth ) 作为交换
stock exchange 证券交易所
u.n. have a lot of fun 玩得开心
Have fun (= Enjoy yourself) ! 尽情玩吧！ for fun 为了好玩
It is not much fun doing„ 做„„没什么 意思。
What fun it is to do„! 做„„真好玩！ make fun of sb./ sth. 拿„„开玩笑
further
adv. Adj. verb
decide to investigate further 决定进一步调查
go abroad for further study 出国深造
go abroad to further her study 出国深造
further her career 进一步发展她的事业
gain
gain entrance/ entry/ access to sth 得以进入/接近某物 gain its independence 赢得独立
gain sb sth (gain her worldwide recognition) 为„„赢得 gain confidence/ strength/ experience 增加„„
gain weight 增肥 (lose)
My watch gains (two minutes every 24 hours). (lose) 走快 n. No pains, no gains.
go
go after 追赶；追求
go against 违反；违背；与„„不符
go ahead 往前走；进行；着手干
go along 进展
go by （时间）逝去
go down 下沉；下降 ( go up 上升)
go down with „染上„„病
go in for 爱好
go on to do/ doing / with 继续做„„ （三者有区别） go over 仔细检查；反复研究； 复习
go through 经理；详细研究
gone adj. be gone 用完了；不见了；一去不复返
grateful
adj. 感激的；表示感谢的
be grateful to sb [for (doing) sth]
be grateful to do sth
be grateful that„
I would be grateful if you could„
gratitude n.
express one’s gratitude to sb for (doing) sth
smile at me with gratitude 感激地朝我笑了笑 a deep sense of gratitude 深深的谢意
habit
have the habit of doing sth
be in the habit of doing sth 有做„„的习惯
have got/ fallen into the habit of doing sth
form/ develop the habit of doing„ 形成做„„的习惯 out of/ by/ from habit 出于习惯
break/ kick / get out of the habit of doing 改掉„„的习惯 habitual a. 习惯性的
handle
n. 1）把, 柄 2）把柄，口实
vt. 拿；处理；管理；对付
handle a knife and fork
handle the difficulty/ problem
handle the business
handle the thief