比较级与最高级语法专讲
姓名 ________
形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。
一、形容词的原级及用法
◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)
1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较
2.可以修饰原级的词: very quite enough(“足够”,用在形容词后) so pretty too how rather(相当) (not) as…as (“(不)像…一样”,同级比较) not so…as (“不像…一样”,同级比较)
e.g. 我们多么高兴啊！ 这把尺子和那把一样长。(变否定句)
二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则
①单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est
cold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallest
high —higher —highest long —longer —longest
②以字母e结尾的词只加r或st
nice —nicer —nicest late —later —latest fine —finer —finest ③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或est
big —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottest wet — wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattest sad —sadder —saddest
④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或est
easy — easier — easiest early — earlier — earliest
funny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiest
heavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier — dirtiest
⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most
interesting important difficult excitied tired careful popular expensive boring fun ⑥不规则变化
little —— less —— least good / well —— better —— best bad / ill / badly —— worse —— worst many / much —— more —— most old —— older —— oldest (年龄大的,与than连用)
old —— elder —— eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用)
far —— farther —— farthest (距离远)
far —— further —— furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的) ◆副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同
三、比较级用法
1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更…”
2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (…得多) a little = a bit (…一点点) even (甚至) far (远远…) any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中)
3.比较级标志: than or
4.形容词比较级句式:①A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B…) ②Which/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更…, A 还是B？)
练习写出下列句子
凯特很瘦。
凯特和玛丽谁更瘦？
玛丽比凯特更瘦。
玛丽比凯特更瘦吗？是的,她是。
这个书包和这个箱子不一样沉。
这个书包和这个箱子哪个更沉？
这个箱子比书包更沉。
5.副词比较级句式:①A＋实义动词＋副词的比较级＋than B. (A…得比B…) ②Which/Who +实义动词三单, A or B? (哪个/谁…得更…, A还是B？) 练习写出下列句子
自行车和轿车哪个走得快？
轿车比自行车走得快。
这只羊和这只狗跑得不一样快。
这只羊比狗跑得快吗？
吉姆比汤姆上床睡觉早。
(上句同义句) ___________________________________________
6.比较级特殊用法:
①the +比较级+of the two… —— “两者中较…的”
他是两个男孩中较高的。He’s ②“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” —— “越来越…” 他越来越高。 He’s 英语越来越重要 ③The+比较级…, the+比较级… —— “越…, 越…”
你越快乐就越美丽。 ④not +比较级+than… —— “不如…, 不比…”
no +比较级+than… —— “一样都不…”
你不比我高。
你和我一样都不高。
⑤比较级+than any other +sig.+in+同一范围
—— “…”
比较级+than any +sig.+in+非同一范围
——“比非同一范围中任何一个更…”
She’s nicer than她比班里其他任何一个女孩都漂亮。 (主语本身就在比较范围之中,)
她比她妹妹班里任何一个女孩都漂亮。
(主语不在该较范围之中,因此主语可以与该范围内任何一个作比较)
◆该用法虽然出现了in所引导的比较范围但是仍要用比较级,此成为用比较级表示最高级,实质是最高级。
四、最高级用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的比较,“最…”
2.比较级前必须加the,副词前的the可以省略。
3.最高级标志:in of or
4.句式:①the + 最高级 +(n.) + in +比较范围
我是我们班最聪明的。I’m ②the + 最高级 +(n.) + of +同类事物
这本书是所有书中最有趣的。 ③Which/Who +v.(单数) +最高级, A, B or C?
Jay, Will和JJ谁最收欢迎？ 五、例题解析与难点攻克
◆主语为人时than后面的比较对象若用代词用主格还是宾格？
请判断正误:
1. She looks nicer than I do. ( )
She looks nicer than I. ( )
She looks nicer than me. ( )
Notes:than可以作连词其后跟省略句,该省略句构成为(主格+助动词/be/情态动词),而谓语部分可省略; than还可以作介词在口语中跟人称代词宾格
◆主语为物时的比较对象的一致性问题
2.Her hair is longer than her mother. ( )
Her hair is longer than her mother’s. ( )
3.My bag is bigger than you. ( )
My bag is bigger than your. ( )
My bag is bigger than your bag. ( )
My bag is bigger than yours. ( )
Notes:比较对象应与主语对等,,than后的其比较对象可为: ①限定词+n. ②名词所有格(一般省略其后相同的名词)
③名词性物主代词(=形容词性物主代词+n.) mine yours his hers its ours theirs
4.The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. ( ) ( ) Notes:当主语有后臵定语修饰时,为保证比较对象一致,常用that/thoes 指代比较对象。
◆比较范围
5.The Changjing River is the longest ____ China.
The Changjing River is the longest ____all the rivers in China.
Notes:在最高级中,in后跟比较范围,of后跟进行比较的同类事物。
6.China is larger than any country in Asia. ( )
China is larger than any other country in Asia. ( )
◆同义句转换问题
7.He is taller than anyone else in the class.
= He is taller ____ ____ _____ student in the class.
= He is taller _____ _____ ______ students in the class.
= He is the ____ ____ student in the class.
Notes:同一范围内比较
比较级+than any other +sig.+in =比较级+than anyone else +in…
=比较级+than the other +pl.+in… (只有同一范围比较才能出现other/else)
非同一范围内比较 比较级+than any+sig.+in…
8. This coat is more expensiver than that one.
= That coat is ________ than this one.
= That coat isn’t _____ big _____ this one.
Notes: A+v.+比较级+than+B (A比B更…)
= B+v.+比较级反义词+than+A (B 比A更…)
= B+v.+not as(so)… as… (B与A不一样…) ◆“less+多音节词原级+than…” “不如…” — 降级比较
= That coat is less expensive than this one.
Self Check
1.I feel tired, so I want to go to bed ____ tonight.
A.early B.earlier C.late D.later
2.The food of our country is ___ than that of western countries.
A.rather good than B.much better than
C.more better than D.so goos as
3.The ice in the lake is as ____ as it was before.
A.thin B.thinner C.thinnest Dthe thinnest
4.Who is _____ running star in your school?
A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.less famous
5.—Which season do you like _____? —Summer.
A.good B.well C.the better D.best
6.Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours.
A.too B.more C.quite D.a little
7.—Is your brother as outgoing as you? —No, he’s a quiet boy. He is ________.
A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm as I
C.more outgoing than me D.as outgoing as I
8.—How are you today? —Much ____.
A.good B.well C.better D.the best
9.Tom’s card is newer than ____.
A.our B.her C.my D.his
10.___ is more beautiful than roses.
A. No other flower B. No another flower
C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers
11.Mary studies harder ______ in her class.
A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone
1.He is 3 times as _____(old) as me.
2.I’m too tired to go any _________.(far)
3.Who is _____, Lily or Lucy?
4.Tom is the _______(heavy) of the three.
5.Tom is the _______ of the two boys.
6.Russia is _______(large) than any other country in the world.
7.His computer is the _______________(expensive) of all.
8.You are pretty ___________(beautiful).
9.The book is ____________(useful) than that one.
10.Who’s the _________(healthy) , you, he or she?
11.How ______(small) the shirt is! I want a ________ (big) one.
12.You have _______(short) and ______(curly) hair than Susan.
13.Is this street a lot ______(noisy) than that one?
14.I feel much _____________(excited) now.
15.Soccer is becoming _____ and ______ _________(popalar) in China.
16.My sister doesn’t write as _____(good) as I do.
17.The ______(much) you practice, the ______ (good) your English will be.
18.No other animal is _______(scary) than a snake.
19.Math is less ________(difficult) than English.
20.What a _______(funny) boy!
21.You’re _______(bad) at sports than me.
22.It’s the third _______ (long) river in China.
1.I have a big bag. He has a small bag. (合并)
My bag is _____ than ______.
2.You are funny. He’s funny, too. (合并)
You are ______ funny _____ him.
3.Tom is thinner than Sam. (同义句)
=Sam is ______ than Tom.
=Sam isn’t as ______ as Tom.
4.He and I are the same. We are quite boys. (合并)
He is _____ quite _____ I.
5.They’re tall. You’re tall. too.But I’m taller than anyone else. (合并) I’m _____ ______ of all.
比较级与最高级语法专讲
姓名 ________
形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。
一、形容词的原级及用法
◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)
1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较
2.可以修饰原级的词: very quite enough(“足够”,用在形容词后) so pretty too how rather(相当) (not) as…as (“(不)像…一样”,同级比较) not so…as (“不像…一样”,同级比较)
e.g. 我们多么高兴啊！ 这把尺子和那把一样长。(变否定句)
二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则
①单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est
cold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallest
high —higher —highest long —longer —longest
②以字母e结尾的词只加r或st
nice —nicer —nicest late —later —latest fine —finer —finest ③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或est
big —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottest wet — wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattest sad —sadder —saddest
④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或est
easy — easier — easiest early — earlier — earliest
funny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiest
heavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier — dirtiest
⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most
interesting important difficult excitied tired careful popular expensive boring fun ⑥不规则变化
little —— less —— least good / well —— better —— best bad / ill / badly —— worse —— worst many / much —— more —— most old —— older —— oldest (年龄大的,与than连用)
old —— elder —— eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用)
far —— farther —— farthest (距离远)
far —— further —— furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的) ◆副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同
三、比较级用法
1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更…”
2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (…得多) a little = a bit (…一点点) even (甚至) far (远远…) any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中)
3.比较级标志: than or
4.形容词比较级句式:①A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B…) ②Which/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更…, A 还是B？)
练习写出下列句子
凯特很瘦。
凯特和玛丽谁更瘦？
玛丽比凯特更瘦。
玛丽比凯特更瘦吗？是的,她是。
这个书包和这个箱子不一样沉。
这个书包和这个箱子哪个更沉？
这个箱子比书包更沉。
5.副词比较级句式:①A＋实义动词＋副词的比较级＋than B. (A…得比B…) ②Which/Who +实义动词三单, A or B? (哪个/谁…得更…, A还是B？) 练习写出下列句子
自行车和轿车哪个走得快？
轿车比自行车走得快。
这只羊和这只狗跑得不一样快。
这只羊比狗跑得快吗？
吉姆比汤姆上床睡觉早。
(上句同义句) ___________________________________________
6.比较级特殊用法:
①the +比较级+of the two… —— “两者中较…的”
他是两个男孩中较高的。He’s ②“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” —— “越来越…” 他越来越高。 He’s 英语越来越重要 ③The+比较级…, the+比较级… —— “越…, 越…”
你越快乐就越美丽。 ④not +比较级+than… —— “不如…, 不比…”
no +比较级+than… —— “一样都不…”
你不比我高。
你和我一样都不高。
⑤比较级+than any other +sig.+in+同一范围
—— “…”
比较级+than any +sig.+in+非同一范围
——“比非同一范围中任何一个更…”
She’s nicer than她比班里其他任何一个女孩都漂亮。 (主语本身就在比较范围之中,)
她比她妹妹班里任何一个女孩都漂亮。
(主语不在该较范围之中,因此主语可以与该范围内任何一个作比较)
◆该用法虽然出现了in所引导的比较范围但是仍要用比较级,此成为用比较级表示最高级,实质是最高级。
四、最高级用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的比较,“最…”
2.比较级前必须加the,副词前的the可以省略。
3.最高级标志:in of or
4.句式:①the + 最高级 +(n.) + in +比较范围
我是我们班最聪明的。I’m ②the + 最高级 +(n.) + of +同类事物
这本书是所有书中最有趣的。 ③Which/Who +v.(单数) +最高级, A, B or C?
Jay, Will和JJ谁最收欢迎？ 五、例题解析与难点攻克
◆主语为人时than后面的比较对象若用代词用主格还是宾格？
请判断正误:
1. She looks nicer than I do. ( )
She looks nicer than I. ( )
She looks nicer than me. ( )
Notes:than可以作连词其后跟省略句,该省略句构成为(主格+助动词/be/情态动词),而谓语部分可省略; than还可以作介词在口语中跟人称代词宾格
◆主语为物时的比较对象的一致性问题
2.Her hair is longer than her mother. ( )
Her hair is longer than her mother’s. ( )
3.My bag is bigger than you. ( )
My bag is bigger than your. ( )
My bag is bigger than your bag. ( )
My bag is bigger than yours. ( )
Notes:比较对象应与主语对等,,than后的其比较对象可为: ①限定词+n. ②名词所有格(一般省略其后相同的名词)
③名词性物主代词(=形容词性物主代词+n.) mine yours his hers its ours theirs
4.The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. ( ) ( ) Notes:当主语有后臵定语修饰时,为保证比较对象一致,常用that/thoes 指代比较对象。
◆比较范围
5.The Changjing River is the longest ____ China.
The Changjing River is the longest ____all the rivers in China.
Notes:在最高级中,in后跟比较范围,of后跟进行比较的同类事物。
6.China is larger than any country in Asia. ( )
China is larger than any other country in Asia. ( )
◆同义句转换问题
7.He is taller than anyone else in the class.
= He is taller ____ ____ _____ student in the class.
= He is taller _____ _____ ______ students in the class.
= He is the ____ ____ student in the class.
Notes:同一范围内比较
比较级+than any other +sig.+in =比较级+than anyone else +in…
=比较级+than the other +pl.+in… (只有同一范围比较才能出现other/else)
非同一范围内比较 比较级+than any+sig.+in…
8. This coat is more expensiver than that one.
= That coat is ________ than this one.
= That coat isn’t _____ big _____ this one.
Notes: A+v.+比较级+than+B (A比B更…)
= B+v.+比较级反义词+than+A (B 比A更…)
= B+v.+not as(so)… as… (B与A不一样…) ◆“less+多音节词原级+than…” “不如…” — 降级比较
= That coat is less expensive than this one.
Self Check
1.I feel tired, so I want to go to bed ____ tonight.
A.early B.earlier C.late D.later
2.The food of our country is ___ than that of western countries.
A.rather good than B.much better than
C.more better than D.so goos as
3.The ice in the lake is as ____ as it was before.
A.thin B.thinner C.thinnest Dthe thinnest
4.Who is _____ running star in your school?
A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.less famous
5.—Which season do you like _____? —Summer.
A.good B.well C.the better D.best
6.Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours.
A.too B.more C.quite D.a little
7.—Is your brother as outgoing as you? —No, he’s a quiet boy. He is ________.
A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm as I
C.more outgoing than me D.as outgoing as I
8.—How are you today? —Much ____.
A.good B.well C.better D.the best
9.Tom’s card is newer than ____.
A.our B.her C.my D.his
10.___ is more beautiful than roses.
A. No other flower B. No another flower
C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers
11.Mary studies harder ______ in her class.
A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone
1.He is 3 times as _____(old) as me.
2.I’m too tired to go any _________.(far)
3.Who is _____, Lily or Lucy?
4.Tom is the _______(heavy) of the three.
5.Tom is the _______ of the two boys.
6.Russia is _______(large) than any other country in the world.
7.His computer is the _______________(expensive) of all.
8.You are pretty ___________(beautiful).
9.The book is ____________(useful) than that one.
10.Who’s the _________(healthy) , you, he or she?
11.How ______(small) the shirt is! I want a ________ (big) one.
12.You have _______(short) and ______(curly) hair than Susan.
13.Is this street a lot ______(noisy) than that one?
14.I feel much _____________(excited) now.
15.Soccer is becoming _____ and ______ _________(popalar) in China.
16.My sister doesn’t write as _____(good) as I do.
17.The ______(much) you practice, the ______ (good) your English will be.
18.No other animal is _______(scary) than a snake.
19.Math is less ________(difficult) than English.
20.What a _______(funny) boy!
21.You’re _______(bad) at sports than me.
22.It’s the third _______ (long) river in China.
1.I have a big bag. He has a small bag. (合并)
My bag is _____ than ______.
2.You are funny. He’s funny, too. (合并)
You are ______ funny _____ him.
3.Tom is thinner than Sam. (同义句)
=Sam is ______ than Tom.
=Sam isn’t as ______ as Tom.
4.He and I are the same. We are quite boys. (合并)
He is _____ quite _____ I.
5.They’re tall. You’re tall. too.But I’m taller than anyone else. (合并) I’m _____ ______ of all.